FR2811998A1 - USE OF HETEROXYLANES FOR THE PREPARATION OF FILMOGENIC COMPOSITIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of h and eroxylans for the preparation of a film-forming composition intended to cover food products, pharmaceutical products, chemicals or agro-industrial products.

Description

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  USE OF HETEROXYLANES FOR THE PREPARATION OF

FILMOGENIC COMPOSITIONS

  The present invention relates to the use of heteroxylans for the preparation of film-forming compositions intended to cover products, in particular edible products such as food or pharmaceutical products, or

  agriculture such as seeds.

  Heteroxylans are present in large quantities in corn bran (peripheral part of corn kernels), by-products of the semolina industry, but they are also found in significant amounts in the sounds of rye and rice. The majority of these corn sounds are currently used for animal feed, and a very small amount is used as a source of dietary fiber. Corn bran consists mainly of cellulose (10 to 20%) and heteroxylans (40 to 50%). High extraction yields (up to 90%) of the heteroxylanes contained in corn bran can be obtained without reduction

  apparent molecular weight of the polymer.

  The heteroxylans are generally extracted in an alkaline medium; according to variants of the heteroxylane extraction method, three broad categories of heteroxylans can be obtained, namely C, B or A grade heteroxylanes, corresponding respectively to

  unpurified, moderately purified and highly purified products.

  Heteroxylans are plant polysaccharides, located in the cell walls (parietal polysaccharides) and belonging to the group of hemicelluloses. These are the most abundant noncellulosic parietal polysaccharides. The structure of the heteroxylanes is shown in Figure 1. They comprise a linear backbone of 3-substituted-4-substituted xylopyranoses substituted by side chains of variable nature and number. The type 3-1-4 glycolic bond provides the chain with a relatively broad conformation. The helical conformation of xylan P3 1-4 is more flexible than that of cellulose, despite the similarity of xylose and glucose, since it is only stabilized by a single hydrogen bond while there are two in the case cellulose. This bond is established between the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group at the 3-position of a xylose residue, and the oxygen at the 5-position of the following cycle. When the xyloses are substituted, they are substituted on their oxygen in position 3 and more rarely on their oxygen in position 2. The nature of side chains, their

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  proportion and how they are connected to the xylose skeleton, are

  structural differences that differ from one heteroxylane to another.

  In the heteroxylanes derived from corn bran, xylose constitutes about half of the oses represented, arabinose about one-third, hence the name of arabinoxylans. S-galactose, glucuronic acid and ferulic acid are the other constituents. The molar mass of heteroxylanes varies between 100,000 and 250,000 g / mol, this variability being explained in particular by differences in the extraction method used or, in the

  method of analysis used to determine the sugars composing the heteroxylane analyzed.

  Their degree of polymerization is therefore between 700 and 1800.

  In Japanese Patent Application No. 93/333476, heteroxylans are used in

  cosmetic, in order to increase the adhesion on the skin of the constituents of the cosmetic products.

  The film-forming molecules or supports used in the prior art for covering or coating food or pharmaceutical products are described below, as well as their mechanical, sensory and water barrier properties. In particular, the mechanical property of a film-forming molecule means the resistance that said film-forming molecule or said support exhibits to compression or traction. In particular, the sensory properties of a film-forming molecule or a support mean the properties presented at the level of the

touch, taste or smell.

  Supports of protein origin, for example those based on gelatine or dairy protein, have good mechanical and sensory properties, but mediocre

water barrier properties.

  The carriers of lipid origin, for example lecithins or liposomes, have poor mechanical and sensory properties, but excellent barrier properties.

at the water.

  Carriers of carbohydrate origin, for example those based on starch or modified starch, maltodextrins, cyclodextrins, gum arabic or other gums, cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), methylcellulose (MC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) etc ... have good mechanical properties and

  sensory, but poor water barrier properties.

  Supports of carbohydrate origin are generally the most used for making coatings, and mainly edible coatings. Due to their hydrophilic nature, carbohydrate carriers are an effective barrier to oils and fats. They are generally not very resistant to water and their barrier properties to

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  the humidity is poor. It is possible to add hydrophilic molecules, smaller and less volatile, such as glycerol or polyol molecules (molecules making it possible to soften the support), in order to increase the intermolecular space between the molecules of the support , to decrease the mechanical resistance and especially to increase the deformability and the flexibility of the support. To date, the main carriers of carbohydrate origin used in coating techniques are: carrageenans, agar-agar and other gums, modified starches and starches, cellulose and esterified forms of cellulose ,

  - acacia gums, also called gum arabic.

  Acacia gums or gum arabic, are mainly used as icing agent or microencapsulation of flavors. They give clear movies and

  transparent, but very brittle and sensitive to water.

  Seed filming was developed in the early 1980s to apply exact doses of crop protection product evenly around the seed. The film-liner is generally an aqueous phase mixture of a polymer, acting as a

  "glue" and various adjuvants allowing the film to be adapted to the application system.

  Active materials can be incorporated into these films, including products

Phytosanitary.

  Examples of film-forming compositions used in the prior art to cover

  or coat agricultural products such as seeds are described below.

  Thus, French Pat. No. 2,730,131 relates to a film-forming composition intended for coating or film-coating seeds in order to ensure their protection during aging, in particular during storage, said film-forming composition comprising, for example, a film-forming substance such as than hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or gum arabic, with an antioxidant. In addition, various active ingredients such as

  phytosanitary products can be added to the film-forming compositions.

  French Patent 2,777,421 describes a process for treating a seed intended to allow the attachment to said seed of at least one phytosanitary active ingredient by laminating an adhesive film-forming composition, said composition comprising

  in particular a film-forming polymer such as a vinyl polymer.

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  However, the deposit, on the surface of the seed, of leaf binders containing phytosanitary products is likely to modify the characteristics of germination and emergence

  seed, and may result in disturbed or slow growth of the young plant.

  One of the aims of the present invention is to provide film-forming compositions capable of covering products as diverse as food products or

  pharmaceuticals, or agricultural products such as seeds.

  One of the other objects of the invention is to provide film-forming compositions having a very stable structure and constant properties with respect to the different aggressions undergone during agro-industrial processes (variations in pH, temperature, shear, etc.). Another object of the invention is to provide film-forming compositions comprising a phytosanitary product for the coating or coating of seeds, and

  allowing the seeds thus coated or coated to preserve their germinative quality.

  In its generality, the subject of the invention is the use of heteroxylanes for the preparation of a film-forming composition intended to cover food products,

  pharmaceuticals, chemicals or agroindustrial products.

  By "covering" is meant in particular scrubbing, encapsulation, coating or

  filming of food, pharmaceutical, chemical and agroindustrial products.

  Food products are chosen in particular from the group consisting of

  almonds, aromas, pralines, chocolate, fruits, vitamins or sugared almonds.

  Pharmaceuticals are in particular active ingredients presented under the

  form of tablets, granules or capsules.

  Chemicals include rodenticides, carcinogens, allergens, or plant protection products such as fertilizers, pesticides,

  herbicides, fungicides or insecticides.

  Agro-industrial products are chosen in particular from the group consisting of

  bulbs, onions or tubers.

  In general, the purpose of the exfoliation, encapsulation, coating or film coating of a product is to cover said product with a protective layer in order to isolate it from the external environment, and thus to protect it by example of oxygen, water or UV rays. For example, the scrub of a food product such as an almond, in particular aims to:

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  - smoothing the surface of the kernel by forming a film to promote the deposition and crystallization of the sugar during the manufacture of dragees (coating), - to create a barrier to stop the exudation of fatty substances from the kernel,

  - To avoid breakage during the spinning stage carried out during the coating.

  In the field of pharmacy, encapsulation allows the protection of an active ingredient by a film. All the compounds intended to protect said active ingredient are mixed at the beginning of the encapsulation process, which results in the establishment

  a film for the protection of the active ingredient.

  Combined with their emulsion capacity and, above all, with emulsion stability, heteroxylans can also encapsulate flavors, vitamins or other fat-soluble molecules such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega 3 etc.). To obtain efficient encapsulation of liposoluble molecules using heteroxylans, a good dispersion of the liposoluble phase of the fat-soluble molecule in the water-soluble phase of the heteroxylane is necessary. This dispersion must be stable before encapsulation. It is possible thanks to the stabilizing properties of the heteroxylanes emulsion. For encapsulation, the atomization technique is commonly used because of its flexibility and low operating cost. The heteroxylanes thus make it possible to protect

  lipid compounds with respect to light, humidity, etc.

  The coating usually masks the tastes and odors of a food or pharmaceutical product. It brings the final form of the product thus coated, and allows a facilitated use compared to the uncoated product. For pharmaceutical applications, the coating makes it possible in particular to protect against the mucous membranes and a prolonged release of the active ingredient Cohesion of the coating is possible thanks to the interactions between the macromolecules of the heteroxylanes and the product which one seeks to to coat, regardless of the origin (protein, lipid or carbohydrate) of the product molecules that

we try to coat.

  Laminating consists in depositing on the surface of the product to be coated a film of

  polymers in which possibly different active substances are included.

  Thus, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heteroxylanes allow in particular the realization of scrubbing and coating in the field of

confectionery or pharmacy.

  In the field of confectionery, the glossiness and regularity of the appearance of the heteroxylanes allow applications of shinning and glazing (dragees, pralines,

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  chocolate...). They can also be used as varnish for fruits (grapes ...) and

  other decorative elements on food products.

  In the field of pharmacy, heteroxylans can be used to obtain coated film-coated tablets or granules. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the active ingredients encapsulated with heteroxylanes exhibit delayed effects and controlled release of said active ingredients where the kinetics

  is pH-dependent, gastrosoluble (pH 5) or enteric-soluble (pH 6)

  7). In the field of chemistry, heteroxylans can also be used to protect the user from contact with certain more or less toxic products. Thus, fertilizers, pesticides, dangerous chemical or biological compounds may be

  encapsulated using heteroxylanes.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heteroxylans come in particular from the sounds of corn, rye, rice or their mixture, and comprise in particular

xylose and arabinose.

  The present invention also relates to food products, pharmaceuticals, chemicals or agro-industrial products gummed, encapsulated, coated or film-coated with a film-forming composition comprising heteroxylanes, especially from corn bran, rye , rice or their mixture, and comprising

  including xylose and arabinose.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the products thus gummed, encapsulated, coated or film-coated are characterized in that: the food products are in particular chosen from the group consisting of almonds, flavors, pralines, chocolate, fruits, vitamins or coated tablets, - pharmaceutical products include active ingredients in the form of tablets, granules or capsules, - chemicals include rodenticides, carcinogens, allergens, or phytosanitary products such as fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides or insecticides, - agro-industrial products are chosen in particular from the group consisting of

  bulbs, onions or tubers.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the film-forming composition intended for the exfoliation, encapsulation, coating or lamination of the products as defined above, furthermore comprises at least one of the elements following:

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  carbohydrates, especially sucrose or glucose syrup, an additional film-forming agent, in particular a protein agent such as gelatin or gluten, or in particular a carbohydrate derivative such as a cellulose derivative, a filler, in particular chosen from group consisting of starch, cellulose, maltodextrins or mineral fillers such as calcium, sodium or potassium salts, an antioxidant such as ascorbic acid, tocopherol, butylhydroxyanisol (BHA) or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a plasticizer such as glycol, a dye, in particular an organic pigment such as an azo pigment (orange-red), arylamine (yellow), phthalocyanine (blue, green), cochineal carmine or beet red, or a mineral pigment such as titanium oxide (white) or iron oxide (red),

- aromas.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the film-forming composition intended for the exfoliation, encapsulation, coating or coating of the products as defined above, comprises: an amount of heteroxylanes of about 1% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the film-forming composition, especially from about 3% to about 30%, and preferably from about 5% to about 20%, from about 0% to about 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, in particular from about 5% to about 10%, -a quantity of filler from about 0% to about 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, in particular from about 1% to about 3%, a dye quantity of about 0% to about 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, in particular from about 1% to about 2%, a quantity of water of about 60% to about 99% by weight based on the total weight of

  the composition, especially from about 75% to about 90%.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the film-forming composition comprises a phytosanitary agent, especially chosen from the group consisting of fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides or insecticides, and is intended for encapsulation, coating or laminating bulbs, onions, tubers or seeds, in particular vegetable seeds chosen from the group consisting of carrot, tomato, cabbage, leek, chicory and beet seeds, lettuce, squash, cucumber, spinach or beans, or selected field seeds

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  in the group consisting of maize, colza, sunflower or wheat, or other seeds

  such as tobacco seeds or flowers.

  In what follows, the seed refers to any organ (seed, achene ...) resulting from the

  sexual multiplication that one puts in earth, potting soil or any other substrate so that it germinates.

  The germination of a seed begins essentially during the phase of imbibition of the seed and ends, in the physiological sense, by the root breakthrough through the seeds.

envelopes of the seed.

  Seed emergence means the emergence of the stem and / or the first leaves

  above the substrate that covers the seed.

  The coating of a seed consists in modifying the size and the shape of a seed by an important contribution of inert matter, in order to allow a sowing of precision (a sowing of precision corresponds to a particular density of sowing: number of seeds deposited and distance between seedlings perfectly defined). The coating makes it possible to multiply the weight of the seed from about 3 to about 40. In general, the seeds are coated with complex shapes, such as beet or very small seeds such as carrots

tomato or tobacco.

  The film coating of a seed consists in depositing on the surface a thin film of polymers in which are optionally included various agrochemicals, such as phytosanitary products. The shape and the size of the seeds during the filming are only slightly modified. Laminating can bring up to about 10%

  extra weight to the seeds.

  In the field of agriculture, the seeds after coating or lamination with the film-forming compositions of the invention are thus protected, in particular against

  plant pests and parasites such as insects or fungi.

  The present invention also relates to a film-forming composition characterized in that it comprises: heteroxylanes, originating especially from corn, rye or rice bran or their mixture, and comprise in particular xylose and arabinose, and a phytosanitary product, in particular chosen from the group consisting of fertilizers,

  pesticides, herbicides, fungicides or insecticides.

  By way of example of a phytosanitary product, mention may be made especially of those comprising the following active ingredients: oxadixyl, cymoxanil, fipronil, imidacloprid,

  tefluthrin, triticonazole, thiram, iprodione, metalaxyl.

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  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the film-forming composition as defined above, comprising heteroxylanes and a phytosanitary product is characterized in that it further comprises at least one of the following elements: an agent filler, in particular chosen from the group consisting of silica, clay, calcium carbonate or mica, - a surfactant, especially chosen from the group consisting of silicone, polyethoxylated alcohols or fluorinated alcohols, a thickener, especially chosen from the group consisting of acrylic thickeners or polysaccharides, - a plasticizer such as glycol, - a dye, especially an organic pigment such as an azo pigment (orange red), arylamine (yellow), phthalocyanine (blue, green), cochineal carmine or beetroot red, or a mineral pigment such as titanium oxide (white) or iron oxide (red), - a dispersant such as an acrylic dispersant or u sodium hexametaphosphate, antifreeze such as a glycol antifreeze,

  an antifoam silicone or waxes.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the film-forming composition of the invention as defined above, is characterized in that it comprises: an amount of heteroxylanes of about 1% to about 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, in particular from about 3% to about 30%, and preferably from about 5% to about 20%, - a quantity of phytosanitary products from about 5% to about 60% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, in particular from approximately 10% to approximately 50%, a quantity of water of approximately 50% to approximately 80% by weight relative to the total weight of

  the composition, especially from about 60% to about 70%.

  The subject of the present invention is also the use of a film-forming composition as defined above, comprising heteroxylanes and a phytosanitary product, for the encapsulation, coating or coating of seeds, in particular of vegetable seeds chosen from the group consisting of carrot, tomato, cabbage, leek, chicory, beet, lettuce, squash, cucumber, spinach or bean seeds, or field seeds selected from the group consisting of maize, colza, sunflower or wheat, or other seeds such as tobacco or flower seeds, allowing the use of a controlled quantity of plant protection product, while ensuring the encapsulated seeds, coated or film-coated the maintenance of a percentage of

  seed raised statistically no different from that presented by bare seeds.

  The term "controlled quantity" of plant protection product means that only the necessary amount of plant protection product to protect the seed and the young plant is used. Indeed, the filming technique, which consists in fixing the phytosanitary product by means of the film-forming composition as described above, has the advantages of allowing precise dosing of the active ingredients on each seed, and not to wear

damage to the environment.

  The percentage of seeds raised indicates the proportion by number of seeds that produced a young plant having pierced the substrate layer by at least 1 mm. For example, the substrate layer is sand or earth, and refers to the layer of

recovery of the seed.

  Naked seed refers to seeds in their natural state, that is, seeds that are not encapsulated, coated or filmed using any

film-forming composition.

  In the foregoing and in what follows, the expression "percentage of seeds raised statistically no different from the percentage of seeds raised from bare seeds" means that the proportion by number of seeds having produced a young plant having pierced the substrate layer of at least 1 mm is considered to be no different with a risk of first species alpha = 0.05 according to the Newman-Keuls test (ITCF: Institut Technique des

Cereals and fodder).

  The expression "maintaining a percentage of seeds raised statistically not different from that exhibited by bare seeds" means that seeds encapsulated, coated or film-coated using a film-forming composition as defined above, containing heteroxylates and a phytosanitary product, present, at the moment when the percentage of seeds raised no longer evolves, a percentage of seeds raised

  statistically no different from that presented by bare seeds.

  The time when the percentage of seed raised from bare seed no longer refers to the time at which the maximum percentage of seeds raised from

bare seed is reached.

  This is also true for coated, encapsulated or film-coated seed using

  film-forming compositions of the invention or of the prior art.

  However, the moment when this maximum percentage is reached by the encapsulated, coated or film-coated seeds using film-forming compositions containing a phytosanitary product is delayed because of the presence of the phytosanitary product. The delay in emergence indicates a loss of germinal quality. It is very important that the maximum percentage of seed raised is reached as quickly as possible, because seeds that do not rise quickly enough are more susceptible to biotic aggression such as melting and attack by soil insects, and to abiotic aggression such as variations of

  temperature or humidity, and thus have a high probability of never rising.

  In addition, this delay causes a loss of homogeneity of the emergence which leads to the disruption of the production of plants, or to a poor implantation of the crop in the soil.

case of a crop in the field.

  According to an advantageous embodiment, in the encapsulated, coated or film-coated seeds using the film-forming compositions of the invention, the percentage of seeds raised is, at the moment when the percentage of seeds raised from bare seeds no longer evolves, greater than that presented by encapsulated, coated or film-coated seed using

  a film-forming composition containing a conventional film-forming agent and a phytosanitary product.

  According to another advantageous embodiment, in seeds encapsulated, coated or film-coated with the aid of the film-forming compositions of the invention, the percentage of seeds raised is, at the moment when the percentage of seeds raised of the seeds is bare.

  no longer evolves, statistically no different from that presented by bare seeds.

  According to another advantageous embodiment, in encapsulated, coated or film-coated seeds using the film-forming compositions of the invention, the maximum percentage of seeds raised is reached more rapidly than in encapsulated, coated or film-coated seeds. using a film-forming composition containing a film-forming film

  classic and a phytosanitary product.

  The subject of the present invention is also an encapsulated seed, coated or film-coated with a film obtained by spraying or spraying and drying, of a film-forming composition as defined above, containing heteroxylanes and a phytosanitary product, said film having in particular the following properties: a water content of about 5% to about 15%, a thickness of about 0.1 μm to about 5 mm, in particular of about 0.5 μm to

  about 1 mm, and preferably about 0.5 gm to about 50 gm.

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  Spray-drying or spraying and drying are known methods for film-coating dry solid forms. Spraying-drying consists, in this case, in spraying the moving seeds of the film-forming composition of the invention, containing heteroxylans and a phytosanitary product, while a flow of air ensures the drying of the seeds at all times. In the spraying and drying process, the step of

  drying occurs after the spraying.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the seed encapsulated, coated or film-coated as defined above is in particular a vegetable seed selected from the group consisting of carrot, tomato, cabbage, leek, chicory seeds, beet, lettuce, squash, cucumber, spinach or bean, or field seed selected from the group consisting of maize, colza, sunflower or wheat, or other seed such as seeds of tobacco or flowers, said encapsulated, coated or film-coated seed having the property of maintaining a percentage of seeds raised statistically not different from that presented

by bare seeds.

  The invention also relates to food products, pharmaceuticals, chemicals or agro-industrial products gummed, encapsulated, coated or film-coated with a film obtained by spraying-drying a film-forming composition containing heteroxylans as defined. above, said film having in particular the following properties: a water content of about 5% to about 15%, a thickness of about 0.1 μm to about 5 mm, in particular about 0.5 μm. at

  about 1 mm, and preferably about 0.5 μm to about 50 μm.

  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 represents the schematic structure of heteroxylanes extracted from corn bran.

  Figure 2 shows a schematic of the heteroxylane extraction protocol.

  The invention will be more particularly illustrated by means of the following examples, being

  of course, these examples are in no way limiting.

  EXAMPLE I Extraction and Purification of HeteroXylanes

  The extraction and purification of heteroxylanes is shown in Figure 2.

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  The extraction of the heteroxylanes is carried out according to the protocol described by Chanliaud et al. (Journal of Cereal Science, 21, pp. 195-203, 1995). Variants have been introduced to allow an industrial process and access to different grades (grade A, B or C heteroxylanes). The plant material used, consisting of maize bran, has the following characteristics: - MS (dry matter): 90% - Heteroxylanes: 38% - TDF (Total dietary fiber, measured by the standard method): 70%

- Starch: 21%.

  1) Preparation of the C-grade heteroxylans The cornstalk heteroxylans are extracted in an alkaline medium (pH: 11-12), with lime (Ca (OH) 2 at saturation, 1.5M potassium hydroxide) and at high temperature ( about 90 ° C at about 100 ° C for two hours). Solid / liquid separation separates the rich solution

  heteroxylans of a mixture including cellulose, protein and carbohydrates.

  The solution is neutralized by adding acid, and preferably sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. This gives a liquid extract of heteroxylans of grade C, which can be concentrated

  to obtain a C-grade heteroxylane extract containing about 15% dry matter.

  The resulting extract can then be dried, preferably by spraying, to obtain a C grade heteroxylane powder, containing from about 55% to about 70% C grade heteroxylans, and a large amount of salt ( about 10% to about 20%) and others

  molecules such as polyphenols, tannins that can stain the heteroxylans.

  Grade C heteroxylans (obtained by alkaline extraction, solid / liquid separation, neutralization, concentration and drying) correspond to unpurified products and are mainly intended for agricultural and industrial applications, such as

seeds, fertilizers and pesticides ...

  2) Preparation of Grade B Heteroxylans The C grade heteroxylane liquid extract as obtained above, at the end of the alkaline extraction, solid / liquid separation and neutralization steps, is subjected to demineralization step, by ultrafiltration in order to obtain a liquid extract of heteroxylans from

  Grade B, containing a salt level of less than 3%.

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  The liquid extract of B grade heteroxylanes thus obtained, or ultrafiltration retentate is then concentrated to obtain a B grade heteroxylan extract containing about 15% dry matter. The extract thus obtained can then be dried, preferably by spraying, in order to obtain a grade B heteroxylane powder, containing from about 71% to about 80% of heteroxylans, said powder being slightly colored and still containing polyphenols. . This richness, associated with the characteristics of the soluble fibers of the heteroxylanes, allows a use of the grade B heteroxylans in dietary applications. They can also be used in industrial applications (such as stationery, textile industry) where a clear color is in high demand, and o the high salt content of C-grade heteroxylans poses problems of interaction with solvents and others

  chemical reagents used in industrial processes.

  3) Preparation of Grade A Heteroxylans B-grade heteroxylane liquid extract containing a salt content of less than 3%, obtained as described above, at the end of the alkaline extraction, solid separation steps / liquid, of neutralization and demineralization by ultrafiltration, is then purified by desalting and decolorization, with the aim of respectively removing the sediments present in the extract of heteroxylanes of grade B and its light brown color mainly linked to the

presence of polyphenols.

  Thus, after the demineralization step, the heteroxylanes are purified by precipitation in ethanol, or by successive passages on different ion exchange resins and or

adsorption resin.

  Other bleaching routes exist, in particular using a strong oxidizing agent of the hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) type. The process chosen for the provision of heteroxylanes intended for the agro-food markets does not use this type of agent, but

  uses pathways that respect the consumer and the environment.

  The heteroxylane extract obtained at the end of the purification step is dried, preferably by atomization, in order to obtain a grade A heteroxylane powder having a grade A heteroxylane content greater than 81%. . The white and neutral grade A heteroxylanes correspond to highly purified products, and are intended for the various coatings encountered in the agro-food industries (coating, encapsulation of flavorings or enzymes, etc.) and in the pharmaceutical industry (coating of

  tablets, encapsulation for programmed release, delay effect ...).

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  The characteristics of the grade A, B and C heteroxylanes are described below.

  Heteroxylans Heteroxylans Heteroxylans Grade A Grade B Grade C Characteristics: - relatively white - colored and strong taste - non-consumable - low parasitic taste - contains polyphenols - high salt content

MS% 97% 96% 95%

  % heteroxylates 85% / MS - 70% -80% / MS - 60% -70% / MS pH -5 -5 6 to 7 ash <2% / MS <3% / MS - 14% / MS OD (1% - 400 nm) <0.20 - 0.5> 1.5 Dietary Applications Industrial, non-food Thus, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the category of heteroxylanes used is a function of the product to be coated. When the heteroxylanes are intended to cover or coat food products (eg, coating, encapsulation of flavorings) or pharmaceutical products (tablet coating, encapsulation for programmed release, encapsulation for delayed release, for example), the heteroxylans will preferably be used. When the heteroxylans are intended to cover or laminate agricultural products such as seeds, preference will be given to the use of C-grade heteroxylans.

  EXAMPLE II USE OF HETEROXYLANES FOR

  MANUFACTURE OF DRAGEES (DRAGEIFICATION).

  According to what is commonly accepted in the state of the art, the coating consists in coating a core - extruded billets (expanded grain beads, very dimpled density of the order of 0.3 kg / l, obtained by extrusion cooking ), almonds, hazelnuts and other dried fruit, sweet puddings (sugar pudding or gum) - sugar syrup or

chocolate cover.

  The example below in connection with the invention is carried out with grade A hereroxylans to coat an almond (manufacture of dragees), against a control made with

  Arabic gum (commonly used for the manufacture of dragees).

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  The constituents of the film-forming composition of the invention, and of a composition

  conventional film-forming are shown below.

  Film-forming composition Control Invention (gum arabic) (heteroxylans) Gum arabic 150 g - Heteroxylans (grade A) - 150 g - Total sugar 26 000 g 26 000 g - Corn starch 1000 g 1 000g - Vanilla flavor 50g 50g The quantities indicated for each film-forming composition are used for 10,000 g of almonds.

  A) Process for preparing the dragee

  The exfoliation or the coating of the almond using film-forming compositions such as

  described above is described below.

  -1- The first step is the scrub and aims to smooth the surface of the kernel by plugging the holes and forming a film to promote the deposition and crystallization of sugar. This step is primarily aimed at creating a barrier to stop the exudation of fat

  almond to avoid staining the surface of it.

  This step is carried out in a heated turbine, spherical container generally made of copper on an inclined axis, and lasts between 30 minutes and 45 minutes. 500 g of gum arabic and 500 g of hot heteroxylanes are solubilized respectively in 2 kg of water to obtain an aqueous solution of gum arabic, respectively.

and heteroxylanes.

  500g of sugar syrup is gradually added to the almond to favor

  subsequently the distribution of gum arabic and heteroxylan on the kernel.

  The aqueous solution of gum is then progressively added to the kernel.

  arabic or the aqueous solution of heteroxylanes.

  The almonds are continuously dried in the turbine in motion by air injection

hot.

  A second scrub can be done for safety so that the film on the surface is

regular and very homogeneous.

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  The products obtained at the end of the scrubbing step are then parboiled to about

   C for about 24 hours to about 72 hours.

  -2- The second step is the magnissage and aims to deposit different syrups of

  sugar on the surface of the almond previously gummed as described in point -1- above.

  This succession of sugar syrup makes it possible to obtain the density and the crunchy and tender texture

  of the dragee. A vanilla flavor is added to enrich the formulation.

  A 38-brix sugar syrup is progressively deposited on the product obtained at the end of the exfoliation step described in point -1 above, and then dried. A sugar syrup of 37 brix is then gradually added hot and then dried. The deposit steps

  Progressive sugar syrups are repeated until a brix of 32 is obtained.

  All stages of sugar syrup deposits are done hot. The set of stages of sugar syrup deposits can last several hours. The products are then

  cooled and allowed to stabilize for 24 hours.

  -3- The third step is the smoothing that allows to give the dragee a smooth appearance.

  A low-sugar sugar syrup (32) is used by depositing on the coated kernel as obtained at the end of the magnification stage described in point -2- above. Corn starch or titanium oxide can be used to whiten the product. The whole (syrup to

  low brix + starch + titanium oxide) is solubilized hot before deposition on the kernel.

  The operation is performed cold with air injection into the turbine.

B) Results.

  The various dragees are evaluated after 3 weeks of storage at room temperature. Witness Invention (gum arabic) (heteroxylans) Intensity of whiteness Very white Very white - Presence of stains or mottles Absence Absence - Brilliance Yes Yes - Cracking No No - Hardness in attack & crunch in the mouth Well Good The dragees prepared with l heteroxylane and with gum arabic have the same characteristics in terms of the characteristics defined above. However, the heteroxylanes of corn bran have the advantage, compared with the gums

18 2811998

  currently used, to have a very stable structure and constant properties, regardless of the origin of the corn used or the alkaline extraction method used. Indeed, an analysis of different samples of corn bran from different varieties of maize has shown that regardless of the variety of maize considered, we obtain heteroxylans with a stable structure and constant properties. The "stable structure" of the heteroxylane means in particular that it has a stable structure with respect to variations in pH, temperature, shear and other aggressions encountered in agro-industrial processes. Another advantage of the heteroxylane is that it is natural, that is, it is extracted with relatively simple processes, perfectly in accordance with the legislation, and

  that it has not undergone chemical modifications.

  The heteroxylane also has the advantage of being derived from corn bran, widely available in Europe, and is therefore not subject to the vagaries of supply disruptions encountered with gum arabic imported from Sudan. The results of the invention

  allow to propose a reliable alternative long sought by the profession.

  The results obtained on almonds are also obtained on other cores to be coated: extruded billets, almonds, hazelnuts and other dried fruits, sugared almonds, chocolate etc ...

  EXAMPLE III USE OF HETEROXYLANES FOR FILM DRYING

SEEDS.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heteroxylanes allow a durable fixation of the phytosanitary treatments on the seeds, their solubility with the water ensuring a correct hydration of the seed and a fast release of the active principles in the rhizosphere. The heteroxylans have the advantage of being less viscous than currently used leaf curlers such as cellulosic pelliculants, which makes it possible to increase the amount of heteroxylanes per seed, and therefore a better adhesion of the heteroxylans and the phytosanitary product to the seed. . The other advantage of the hydrophilic release liner of the invention over cellulosic leaflets is that it does not generate asphyxiation of the seed, and thus a decrease in the percentage of leavened seeds, when the applied heteroxylans dose is increased. . The hydrophilic film-liner of the invention also allows a considerable reduction in toxicity, with respect to the young

19 2811998

  certain fungicides or insecticides applied to the seeds, as shown

the example below.

  I) Verification of the safety of heteroxylans against seed emergence.

  In order to evaluate the toxicity of the heteroxylans on seed emergence, the germinative performances of the following three samples: - non-film-coated seeds (GN), - seed coated with an industrial film-coating (Sepépet 1039 G), - film-coated seeds according to the invention with heteroxylans,

have been compared.

  The three samples above constitute the three modalities studied.

  The industrial film-coating agent marketed by SEPPIC under the name Sepiret 1039G is a cellulosic film-laminating film, and is hereinafter referred to as "film-forming film".

classic ".

  The preparation of the film-forming film of the invention based on heteroxylanes is described below.

  below. The various constituents of the film-liner of the invention are introduced with mechanical stirring: Weight Composition (%) -Water 20 Filler 17 - Pigment 16 - Aqueous Solution of Heteroxylanes Containing 12% Dry Heteroxylanes 47 For Each Film Layer (Conventional Film Laminate based on cellulose and film-forming agent of the invention based on heteroxylanes), a "slurry" is formed by mixing the water and the

  filming with a turbine.

  The compositions and quantities of slurries used (g) to treat 300 g of seeds

are given below.

  Boiled porridge of the conventional invention Water 66g 105g Pelliculant: - based on heteroxylans or, 60 g - Sepiret 1039G 21 g Total (water + film-coating) 126 g 126 g

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  Each treatment slurry is applied to 300 g of seed in a fluidized air bed (Glatt type) by spray drying. The application parameters of the treatment slurry on the seeds are as follows: Bowl: Wurster Inlet temperature: 40 C Output temperature: 30 C Spray pressure: 1.7 bar Spray rate: 12 ml / min After application of the slurry, the seeds thus coated are stored approximately

  one week at 20 C before being tested for germination quality.

  The lifting is evaluated in a sand test moistened with 4% or 9% water at 20 ° C in a climatic chamber. For each modality, four replicates of 100 seeds are

  performed in an experimental device block.

  The results obtained are expressed as a percentage of seeds raised, respectively

  for cabbages (Table 1), chicory (Table 2) and carrots (Table 3).

  The initials "GN" means "naked seeds", that is to say they are seeds

  uncoated, no treatment.

Table 1

  CHOICE 4% GN Pelliculant Pellicant 9% GN Pelliculant Pellicle of conventional invention the invention 40 40 38 38 28 28 29 7 7d 77 87 87 79 79 80 80 87 92 94 i1j 88 90 88

Table 2

CHICORY

  4% GN Pelliculant Pellicant 9% GN Pelliculant Pelliculant conventional invention the invention the invention j 48 59 61 5j 68 61 60 7j 61 74 75 7j 78 76 76 llj 70 80 81 i1j 85 81 84

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Table 3

CARROT

  4% GN Pelliculant Pellicle of 9% GN Pelliculant Pellicle of the classical invention the invention 7j 23 28 21 7j 38 50 44 8j 55 60 58 8j 68 76 70 11j 91 91 92 94 94 91 The results obtained on the various Seeds (cabbage, chicory, carrots) show that the heteroxylane polymer formulated within a leaflet does not induce any symptoms of phytotoxicity: the seeds thus filmed rise at a rate and a speed equivalent to the

naked seed.

  II) Comparison of the effect of conventional film-forming compositions and the invention

  each comprising a phytosanitary product, on seed emergence.

  The effect of the heteroxylane on seed emergence is studied in the presence of the following phytosanitary products: - insecticide marketed by Rhône-Poulenc Agrochimie under the name "Regent TS", containing 500 g / l of fipronil (active ingredient) which allows to protect the carrot from attacks by carrot maggot, - insecticide marketed by Dow Agro Sciences under the name "Gigant TS", containing 500 g / l of chlorpyriphos-ethyl (active ingredient), which makes it possible to protect cabbage attacks of the cabbage maggot, a fungicide marketed by Parthena under the name "Pulsant TS nugget", containing 40% by weight of oxadixyl (active ingredient) and 16% of cymoxanil, which make it possible to protect the carrots from the disease of the stain of the carrot which

damage the roots.

  The composition of the inventive film-liner based on heteroxylans is identical to that described in paragraph I) above (20% water, 17% filler, 16% pigment,

  47% of an aqueous solution of heteroxylanes containing 12% dry heteroxylanes.

  The treatment slurries are made by mixing the following elements with

  using a turbine: water, insecticide, filming.

  The porridges are applied in the same way and under the same conditions as

  has been described in paragraph I) above, by spray drying around the seed.

  Similarly, lifting is assessed as described in paragraph (I) above.

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  1) Effects on the emergence of carrot seeds of conventional film-forming compositions

  and the invention each comprising Regent TS Insecticide.

  A) The compositions and amounts of the slurries used (g) to treat 300 g of carrot seed with Regent TS Insecticide are shown in Table 4 below.

  below, and the results obtained are summarized in Table 5 below.

Table 4

  Boiled porridge (PMG = 1.39) of the conventional invention Water 66 g 105 g Regent TS Insecticide (500 g / L of fipronil) 50.6 g 50.6 g Pelliculant: - based on hX or, 60 g - Sepiret 1039G 21 g Total (water + insecticide + leafing material) 176.6 g 176.6 g In what precedes and in what follows, the initials - "PMG" mean "weight of thousand seeds" and,

  - "hX" means "heteroxylanes".

  The concentration of Regent TS insecticide treatment is identical in both

  boiled. The dose of active ingredient (fipronil) is 96 kg / seed.

  The amount of conventional film-coating is applied at a rate of 7% by weight with respect to

weight of bare seeds.

  The amount of heteroxylane film-coating is applied at the rate of 21 Fg

dry heteroxylans / seeds.

  The applied dry film doses of solids are of the same order of magnitude.

  The emergence (or emergence) performance of carrot seeds treated with Regent TS Insecticide applied using two different leaflets (film-based

  of heteroxylans and Sepiret 1039G) are compared.

  The results obtained are expressed as a percentage of seeds raised and are

  grouped in Table 5 below.

  In the tables below, the letters a, b and c indicate whether the different values obtained respectively for: - Unlayered seeds (bare seed or naked seed (GN)),

23 2811998

  the seeds coated with a conventional film-forming composition, containing a conventional film-forming agent and an insecticide, the seeds coated with a film-forming composition of the invention, containing a film-coating based on heteroxylans and an insecticide, may be considered statistically different or not. More specifically, the modalities belonging to a given group - symbolized by a letter - are considered as not different with a risk of the first kind alpha =

  0.05 according to the Newman-Keuls test (ITCF).

  Table 5 Conventional starch-based film-forming gn HD filming dose 0 7% 21 lag / s fipronil dose (lg / s) O 96 96 (Regent TS insecticide) sand 7d 27 a 10b 27 a 4% C 8d 45 17 46 11j 63 a 43 b 71 a The duration of 11 days represents the time after which the percentage of seed raised presented by bare seeds no longer changes. When the percentage of seed raised presented by the bare seeds no longer changes, it is referred to as the maximum percentage of seeds raised. The maximum percentage of seed raised is therefore determined by

bare seeds.

  The results obtained indicate that the presence of Regent TS insecticide induces a delay in the emergence of the film-coated seeds with a conventional film-laminating agent, which is not the

  in the case of seed coated with the film-liner of the invention based on heteroxylanes.

  The encapsulated carrot seeds, coated or film-coated using the film-forming compositions of the invention (containing heteroxylanes in combination with the Regent TS insecticide), present, at the moment when the percentage of seed raised presented by the bare seeds does not exceed evolves more (1 ld), a higher percentage of seed leavened (71%) than that exhibited by encapsulated carrot seeds, coated or film coated with the aid of

24 2811998

  conventional film-forming compositions (containing a conventional film-forming agent in combination with

Regent TS Insecticide) (43%).

  Carrot seed coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention have a maximum percentage of seed emergence achieved more rapidly than in carrot seed coated with a conventional film-forming composition. After 11 days, the percentage of seed raised observed on the seed of carrots coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention (71%) no longer changes. Thus, the maximum of the percentage of seeds raised from the film-coated seeds using the film-forming compositions of the invention is reached at the same time as that of the bare seeds. The time at which the percentage of seeds raised from the film-coated seeds using the film-forming compositions of the invention no longer changes is statistically no different from the time at which the percentage of seeds raised from the bare seeds

no longer evolves.

  The carrot seeds coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention have, at the moment when the percentage of seeds raised from bare seeds no longer evolves, a percentage of seeds raised statistically no different (71%) than

  presented by bare seeds (63%).

  Compared to the control film, the use of heteroxylanes to apply the

  Phytosanitary treatment allows a clear limitation of symptoms of phytotoxicity.

  B) The compositions and amounts of the slurries used (g) to treat 300g of

  carrot seed using Regent TS Insecticide are shown in Table 6 below.

  below, and the results obtained are summarized in Table 7 below.

Table 6

  Boiled porridge (PMG = 1.57) The classic invention Bouillie Bouillie Boiled n 1 n 2 n 3 Water 97 89 65 105 Insecticide Regent TS 89.6 89.6 89.6 89.6 (500 g / L of fipronil ) Pelliculant: - based on hX or, 10.2 20.1 38.2 - Sepiret 1039G 21 Total 196.8 198.7 192.8 215.6 (water + insecticide + film-coating)

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  The dose of active ingredient (fipronil) is 192 mg / seed (tg / s).

  The amount of conventional film-coating is applied at a rate of 7% by weight with respect to

weight of bare seeds.

  The amount of heteroxylan-based film-coating in the three film-forming compositions of the invention is applied respectively at 10.7 dry heteroxylans / seed (slurry nl), 21 pg dry heteroxylans / seed (slurry no. 2) and 40 μg of heteroxylans

dry / seed (porridge # 3).

  The doses of film binders applied are of the same order of magnitude.

  The emergence performance of carrot seeds treated with Regent TS Insecticide applied using two different foils (heteroxylane-based

  and filming Sepiret 1039G) are compared.

  The results obtained are expressed as a percentage of seeds raised and are

  grouped in Table 7 below.

  Table 7 GN film-forming film Pelliculant based on conventional heteroxylans film-coating dose O 7% 10.7 g / sec 21 g / sec 40 g / sec Fipronil dose 0 192 192 192 192 (ggls) Sand4% 7 j 55 a 28 c 49 ab 42 abc 39 abc C 8 j 75 50 70 65 61 12 j 93 a 81 c 93 ab 91 ab 90 ab The duration of 12 days represents the time after which the percentage of seeds

  lifted by bare seeds no longer evolves.

  The results obtained indicate that the presence of the Regent TS Insecticide induces a delay in the emergence of the film-coated seeds with a conventional film-laminating agent but also in the removal of the film-coated seeds using the film-coating of the invention based on heteroxylanes. However, the delay induced by the phytosanitary product is more quickly compensated with the film-coated seeds using the film-coating of the invention based on heteroxylanes than with the seeds film-coated with a conventional film-forming film (Sepiret

1039G).

26 2811998

  The encapsulated carrot seeds, coated or film-coated using the film-forming compositions of the invention (containing heteroxylanes in combination with the Regent TS insecticide), present, at the moment when the percentage of seed raised presented by the bare seeds does not exceed evolves more (12j), a higher percentage of seeds raised (respectively 93% in the slurry nl, 91% in the slurry n 2 and 90% in the slurry n 3) than that presented by the carrots seeds encapsulated, coated or film-coated with conventional film-forming compositions (containing a conventional film-forming agent in combination

  Regent TS Insecticide) (81%).

  The carrot seed coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention have a maximum percentage of seed emergence achieved more rapidly than in the

  carrot seeds coated with a conventional film-forming composition.

  The carrot seeds coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention have, at the moment when the percentage of seeds raised from the bare seeds no longer evolves, a percentage of seed raised statistically no different (respectively 93% in the slurry nl, 91% in the slurry n 2 and 90% in the slurry n 3) of that

  presented by bare seeds (93%).

  C) The compositions and amounts of the slurries used (g) to treat 300g of carrot seeds with Regent TS Insecticide are shown in Tables 8 and

  9 below, and the results obtained are summarized in Table 10 below.

Table 8

  Batch 1 Boiled porridge (PMG = 1.4) of the conventional invention Water 89 105 Insecticide Regent TS (500 g / L of fipronil) 103.4 103.4 Pelliculant: - based on hX or, 19.7 - Sepiret 1039G 21 Total (water + insecticide + leafing) 212.1 229.4

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Table 9

  Batch 2 Boiled porridge (MW = 0.6) of the conventional invention Water 89 105 Regent TS Insecticide (500 g / L Fipronil) 103.4 103.4 Pellicle: - based on hX or, 44.9 - Sepiret 1039G 21 Total (water + insecticide + leafing) 237.3 229.4

  In lots 1 and 2, the dose of active ingredient (fipronil) is 192 kg / seed.

  The amount of conventional film-forming agent is applied at a rate of 7% by weight relative to the weight of bare seeds. The amount of heteroxylane film-forming film in the film-forming composition of

  the invention is applied at a rate of 10.7 μg of dry heteroxylanes / seed in batches 1 and 2.

  The emergence performance of carrot seeds treated with Regent TS Insecticide applied using two different foils (heteroxylane-based

  and Sepiret 1039G) are compared for lot 1 and lot 2, respectively.

  The results obtained are expressed as a percentage of seeds raised and are

  grouped in Table 10 below.

Table 10

  Lot 1 Lot 2 GN Laminating Laminating GN Laminating Conventional HX Based Classic HX-based Film 0 7% 10.7 μg / s 0 7% 10.7 μg / sec Film-Dose 0 192 192 0 192 192 fipronil (pgls) __ sand 6j 34 20 23 20 12 19 4% 7j 50 32 41 40 23 39 OC 10j 74 a 63 b 78 a 82 a 66 bc 81 a The duration of 10 days is the time at the end which percentage of seeds

  lifted by bare seeds no longer evolves.

28 2811998

  The results obtained with lot 1 indicate that the presence of Regent TS Insecticide induces a delay in the emergence of the film-coated seeds with a conventional film-laminating agent but also in the removal of the film-coated seeds using the film-forming film of the invention. of heteroxylans. However, this delay is more quickly compensated with the film-coated seeds with the heterophenyl-based film-coating of the invention than with the film-coated seeds.

  with a conventional film (Sepiret 1039G).

  The results obtained with lot 2 indicate that the presence of Regent TS Insecticide induces a delay in the emergence of the film-coated seeds with a conventional film-laminating agent, which is not the case for the film-coated seeds using the film-coating agent. invention based

of heteroxylans.

  The carrot seeds coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention (containing heteroxylanes in combination with the Regent TS insecticide) present, at the moment when the percentage of seed raised presented by the bare seeds no longer evolves (10 d. ), a higher percentage of seeds raised (respectively 78% for batch 1, and 81% for batch 2) than that presented by the carrot seeds coated with conventional film-forming compositions (containing a conventional film-forming agent in combination with

  Regent TS Insecticide) (63% for lot 1 and 66% for lot 2, respectively).

  The carrot seed coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention have a maximum percentage of seed emergence achieved more rapidly than in the

  carrot seeds coated with a conventional film-forming composition.

  The carrot seeds coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention have, at the moment when the percentage of seeds raised from bare seeds no longer evolves, a percentage of seeds raised statistically no different (respectively 78% for the batch 1 and 81% for lot 2) that presented by bare seeds

  (respectively 74% for lot 1 and 82% for lot 2).

  2) Effects on the emergence of cabbage seed of conventional film-forming compositions and

  of the invention each comprising the insecticide Gigant TS.

  The compositions and quantities of the slurries used (g) to treat 300g of seeds

  of cabbages using Gigant TS Insecticide are shown below in Table 11 below.

  below, and the results obtained are summarized in Table 12 below.

29 2811998

Table 11

  Boiled porridge (PMG = 4.5) of the conventional invention Water 95 105 Gigant TS Insecticide (500 g / L 16.5 16.5 chlorpyrifos-ethyl) Pelliculant: - based on hX or, 11.7 - Sepiret 1039G 21 Total (water + insecticide + leafing) 123.2 142.5

  The dose of active ingredient (chlorpyrifos-ethyl) is 110 μg / seed.

  The amount of conventional film-coating is applied at a rate of 7% by weight with respect to

s weight of bare seeds.

  The amount of heteroxylane film-forming film in the film-forming composition of

  the invention is applied at the rate of 21 μg of dry heteroxylanes / seed.

  The emergence performance of cabbage seed treated with Gigant TS Insecticide applied with two different foils (heteroxylane-based

  Sepiret 1039G) are compared.

  The results obtained are expressed as a percentage of seeds raised and are

  grouped in Table 12 below.

Table 12

  GN conventional film-forming film based on HX film-coating dose 0 7% 21 g / s chlorpyrifos-ethyl 0 110 110 (pig / s) (insecticide) 68 to 21 c 37 bc sand 9% 18d 77 to 60 b 77 a C 21j 82 to 74 b 82 a The duration of 21 days represents the time after which the percentage of seeds

  lifted by bare seeds no longer evolves.

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  The results obtained indicate that the presence of the insecticide Gigant TS induces a delay in the emergence of the film-coated seed with a conventional film-forming agent and that of the seed film-coated with the film-coating of the invention based on heteroxylanes. However, the delay induced by the phytosanitary product is more quickly compensated with the film-coated seeds using the film-coating of the invention based on heteroxylans than with seeds.

  film coated with a conventional film (Sepiret 1039G).

  The encapsulated cabbage seeds, coated or film-coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention (containing heteroxylanes in combination with the insecticide Gigant TS) present, at the moment when the percentage of seed raised presented by the bare seeds does not exceed evolves more (21j), a percentage of seeds raised higher (82%) than that presented by encapsulated cabbage seeds, coated or film-coated using conventional film-forming compositions (containing a conventional film-forming agent in combination with

Regent TS Insecticide) (74%).

  The seed of cabbages coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention have a maximum percentage of seed emergence achieved more rapidly than in the

  seed of cabbages coated with a conventional film-forming composition.

  The seed of cabbages coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention, at the moment when the percentage of seeds raised from bare seeds no longer evolves, a percentage of seeds raised statistically not different (82%) than

  presented by bare seeds (82%).

  2) Effects on the emergence of carrot seeds of conventional film-forming compositions

  and the invention each comprising Pulsan TS Pepite Insecticide.

  The compositions and quantities of the slurries used (g) to treat 300g of seeds

  carrot using Pulsan TS Pepite Insecticide are shown in Table 13 below.

  below, and the results obtained are summarized in Table 14 below.

31 2811998

Table 13

  Boiled porridges of the invention (PMG = 1.6) conventional Boiled nl Boiled n 2 Water 90 76 105 Pulsan TS Pepite Insecticide 11.9 11.9 11.9 (40% oxadixyl) Pelliculant: - based on hX or, 17 33.5 - Sepiret 1039G 21 Total (water + insecticide + leafing) 118.9 121.4 137.9

  The dose of active ingredient (oxadixyl) is 25 μg / seed.

  The amount of conventional film-forming agent is applied at a rate of 7% by weight relative to the weight of bare seeds. The amount of heteroxylane film-forming film in the film-forming composition of the invention is applied at a rate of 10.7 g of dry heteroxylans / seed (slurry no.

  ptg of dry heteroxylanes / seed (slurry n 2).

  The emergence performance of cabbage seed treated with Pulsan TS Pepite Insecticide applied with two different foils (heteroxylane-based foil)

  and filming Sepiret 1039G) are compared.

  The results obtained are expressed as a percentage of seeds raised and are

  grouped in Table 14 below.

  Table 14 GN film-forming film with conventional HX base Dose 0 7% 10, 7 μg / s 21 μg / sec film oxadixyl 0 25 25 25 (, igls) 7d 27 12 22 19 sand 9% 8d 64 to 47b 59 to 58 a C 12j 93 to 89 b 92 to 93 a

32 2811998

  The duration of 12 days represents the time after which the percentage of seeds

  lifted by bare seeds no longer evolves.

  The results obtained indicate that the presence of the insecticide Pulsan TS Pepite induces a delay in the emergence of the film-coated seeds with a conventional film-laminating agent but also in the removal of the film-coated seeds using the film-coating of the invention based on heteroxylans. . However, the delay induced by the phytosanitary product is more quickly compensated with the film-coated seeds using the film-coating of the invention based on heteroxylanes than with the seeds film-coated with a conventional film-forming film (Sepiret

1039G).

  The encapsulated carrot seeds, coated or film-coated using the film-forming compositions of the invention (containing heteroxylanes in combination with the insecticide Pulsan TS Pepite) present, at the moment the percentage of seeds raised presented by the naked seeds n a higher percentage of seed emergence (92% for slurry nl and 93% for slurry n 2) than that presented by encapsulated carrot seeds, coated or film coated with the aid of conventional film-forming compositions (containing a conventional film-forming agent in combination with the insecticide

Pulsan TS Pepite) (89%).

  The carrot seed coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention have a maximum percentage of seed lifted more rapidly than

  that of carrot seeds coated with a conventional film-forming composition.

  The carrot seeds coated with the film-forming compositions of the invention have, at the moment when the percentage of seeds raised from bare seeds no longer evolves, a percentage of seeds raised statistically no different (respectively 92% for the slurry nl and 93% for the porridge n 2) of that presented by the seeds

naked (93%).

33 2811998

Claims (18)

  1. Use of heteroxylanes for the preparation of a film-forming composition for coating food products, pharmaceuticals, chemicals or agro-industrial products. 2. Use according to claim 1, wherein the film-forming composition is intended for scrubbing, encapsulation, coating or film-coating: - food products, in particular chosen from the group consisting of almonds, flavorings, pralines, chocolate, fruit, vitamins or sugar-coated tablets or - pharmaceutical products, in particular active ingredients presented in the form of tablets, granules or capsules, - chemical products, in particular rodenticides, carcinogens, products allergens, or plant protection products such as fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides or insecticides, - agro-industrial products, in particular chosen from the group consisting of   bulbs, onions or tubers.   3. Use according to claim 1, wherein the film-forming composition comprises a phytosanitary agent, especially chosen from the group consisting of fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides or insecticides, and is intended for encapsulation, for coating or laminating bulbs, onions, tubers or seeds, in particular vegetable seeds selected from the group consisting of carrot, tomato, cabbage, leek, chicory, beetroot, lettuce seeds , squash, cucumber, spinach or beans, or field seeds selected from the group consisting of corn, rapeseed, sunflower or wheat, or other seeds such as tobacco or flowers.   4. Use according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heteroxylans   from, for example, corn, rye, rice or their mixtures, and include   including xylose and arabinose.   5. Food products, pharmaceuticals, chemicals or agro-industrial products that are gummed, encapsulated, coated or film-coated with a film-forming composition comprising heteroxylanes, especially from corn, rye,   rice or their mixture, including in particular xylose and arabinose.   6. Products according to claim 5, characterized in that: - the food products are in particular chosen from the group consisting of almonds, flavorings, pralines, chocolate, fruits, vitamins or sugar-coated tablets, - pharmaceutical products are in particular active ingredients presented in the form of tablets, granules or capsules, - the chemicals are in particular rodenticides, carcinogenic products, allergenic products, or phytosanitary products such as fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides insecticides, - agro-industrial products are chosen in particular from the group consisting of   bulbs, onions or tubers.   7. Products according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the composition   The film-forming agent furthermore comprises at least one of the following elements: carbohydrates, especially sucrose or glucose syrup, an additional film-forming agent, in particular a protein-forming agent such as gelatin or gluten, or in particular a carbohydrate derivative such as a derivative cellulose, a filler, especially chosen from the group consisting of starch, cellulose, maltodextrins or mineral fillers such as calcium, sodium or potassium salts, an antioxidant such as ascorbic acid, tocopherol, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA) or butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), a plasticizer such as glycol, a dye, in particular an organic pigment such as an azo pigment (orange-red), arylamine (aune) phthalocyanine (blue, green), cochineal carmine or beetroot red, or a mineral pigment such as titanium oxide (white) or iron oxide (red), - aromas.   8. Products according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the composition film-forming includes: 2811998   an amount of heteroxylanes of from about 1% to about 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the film-forming composition, in particular from about 3% to about 30%, and preferably from about 5% to about 20% a quantity of carbohydrates of approximately 0% to approximately 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, in particular from approximately 5% to approximately 10%, a quantity of filler of approximately 0% at about 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, in particular from about 1% to about 3%, a dye quantity of about 0% to about 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition , in particular from about 1% to about 2%, - a quantity of water of about 60% to about 99% by weight relative to the total weight of   the composition, especially from about 75% to about 90%.   9. Film-forming composition characterized in that it comprises: heteroxylanes, originating especially from corn, rye, rice or their mixtures, and comprise in particular xylose and arabinose, and a phytosanitary product, especially selected from the group consisting of fertilizers,   pesticides, herbicides, fungicides or insecticides.   10. Film-forming composition according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises at least one of the following elements: a filler, in particular chosen from the group consisting of silica, clay, sodium carbonate; calcium or mica, - a surfactant, especially chosen from the group consisting of silicone, polyethoxylated alcohols or fluorinated alcohols, - a thickener, in particular chosen from the group consisting of acrylic thickeners or polysaccharides, - a plasticizer such as glycol, - a dye, especially an organic pigment such as an azo pigment (orange-red), arylamine (yellow), phthalocyanine (blue, green), cochineal carmine or beetroot red, or a mineral pigment such as titanium oxide (white) or iron oxide (red), a dispersant such as an acrylic dispersant or a sodium hexametaphosphate, an antifreeze such as a glycol antifreeze,   an antifoam silicone or waxes. 36 2811998   11. Composition according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that   comprises: - an amount of heteroxylanes of from about 1% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, especially from about 3% to about 30%, and preferably from about 5% to about 20% %, - a quantity of phytosanitary products of about 5% to about 60% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, in particular from about 10% to about 50%, - a quantity of water of about 50% about 80% by weight based on the total weight of   the composition, especially from about 60% to about 70%.   12. Use of a film-forming composition according to one of claims 9 to 11, for   encapsulation, coating or lamination of seeds, in particular of vegetable seeds chosen from the group consisting of carrot, tomato, cabbage, leek, chicory, beetroot, lettuce, squash, cucumber, spinach or beans, or field seeds selected from the group consisting of maize, colza, sunflower or wheat, or other seeds such as tobacco or flower seeds, use of a controlled quantity of plant protection product, while ensuring that encapsulated, coated or film-coated seeds maintain a percentage of   seed raised statistically no different from that presented by bare seeds.   13. The use as claimed in claim 12, in which, in the encapsulated, coated or film-coated seeds, the percentage of seeds raised is, at the moment when the percentage of seeds raised from the bare seeds no longer increases, that of the seeds presented by the encapsulated seeds. , coated or film-coated with a film-forming composition   containing a conventional film and a phytosanitary product.   Use according to claim 12 or claim 13 wherein in the encapsulated, coated or film-coated seeds the maximum percentage of seed raised is reached more rapidly than in encapsulated seeds, coated or film-coated with a film-forming composition. containing a conventional film and a phytosanitary product.   15. Use according to one of claims 12 to 14 wherein in the seeds   encapsulated, coated or film-coated, the percentage of seed raised is at the moment when the 37 2811998   percentage of seed removed from bare seed no longer evolves, statistically not   different from that presented by bare seeds.   16. Seed encapsulated, coated or film-coated with film obtained by   spray-drying of a film-forming composition according to one of claims 9 to 11,   said film having in particular the following properties: a water content of about 5% to about 15%, a thickness of about 0.1 μm to about 5 mm, in particular of about 0.5 μm to   about 1mm, and preferably about 0.5m to about 50m.   An encapsulated, coated or film-coated seed according to claim 16, especially a garden seed selected from the group consisting of carrot, tomato, cabbage, leek, chicory, beetroot, lettuce, squash, cucumber seeds. , spinach or bean, or field seed selected from the group consisting of maize, rapeseed, sunflower or wheat, or other seed such as tobacco or flower seeds, said seed encapsulated, coated or film-coated having the property of maintaining a percentage of seeds raised statistically no different from that presented by bare seeds.   18. Food products, pharmaceuticals, chemicals or agri-industrial products gummed, encapsulated, coated or film-coated with a film obtained by spraying-drying a film-forming composition as defined in one of the   claims 5, 7 and 8, said film having in particular the following properties:   a water content of approximately 5% to approximately 15%, a thickness of approximately 0.1 μm to approximately 5 mm, in particular of approximately 0.5 μm to   about 1 mm, and preferably about 0.5 μm to about 50 μm.