FR2811268A1 - Energy management method for hybrid vehicle consists on calculating a battery charging pattern, evaluating the quality of the prediction at the end of the travel then modifying the pattern for the next trip. - Google Patents

Energy management method for hybrid vehicle consists on calculating a battery charging pattern, evaluating the quality of the prediction at the end of the travel then modifying the pattern for the next trip. Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2811268A1
FR2811268A1 FR0008687A FR0008687A FR2811268A1 FR 2811268 A1 FR2811268 A1 FR 2811268A1 FR 0008687 A FR0008687 A FR 0008687A FR 0008687 A FR0008687 A FR 0008687A FR 2811268 A1 FR2811268 A1 FR 2811268A1
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supervisor
vehicle
module
profile
quality
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FR0008687A
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French (fr)
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FR2811268B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Beguery
Alexandra Dubray
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/02—Control of vehicle driving stability
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2220/00—Monitoring, detecting driver behaviour; Signalling thereof; Counteracting thereof
    • B60T2220/02—Driver type; Driving style; Driver adaptive features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0062—Adapting control system settings
    • B60W2050/0075—Automatic parameter input, automatic initialising or calibrating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
    • B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2510/244—Charge state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/30—Driving style
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2552/00—Input parameters relating to infrastructure
    • B60W2552/15—Road slope, i.e. the inclination of a road segment in the longitudinal direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
    • B60W2556/10—Historical data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
    • B60W2556/45—External transmission of data to or from the vehicle
    • B60W2556/50—External transmission of data to or from the vehicle of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/24—Energy storage means
    • B60W2710/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2710/244—Charge state
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Method consists on establishing parameters along a travel path, calculating a battery charging pattern, evaluating the quality of the prediction at the end of the travel then modifying the pattern for the next trip. Independent claims are also included for the propulsion of the vehicle and the vehicle itself.

Description

Procédé et système de gestion de l'énergie dans un véhicule àMethod and system for energy management in a vehicle

moyen de propulsion hybride.means of hybrid propulsion.

L'invention concerne un véhicule automobile à motorisation  The invention relates to a motor vehicle with motorization

hybride, comportant des moyens perfectionnés de gestion de l'énergie.  hybrid, with advanced means of energy management.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un véhicule automobile à motorisation hybride, du type dans lequel un ensemble motopropulseur comporte un moteur électrique et un moteur thermique qui sont susceptibles de contribuer à l'entraînement du véhicule, et du type dans lequel une unité centrale de gestion exécute une tâche comportant la détermination du couple que doit fournir chaque moteur pour que l'ensemble motopropulseur fournisse au véhicule un couple moteur conforme à un couple demandé par le conducteur du véhicule, et du type dans lequel le moteur thermique est susceptible d'être arrêté, le véhicule étant alors entraîné par le seul moteur électrique alimenté en courant  The invention relates more particularly to a motor vehicle with hybrid motorization, of the type in which a drive train comprises an electric motor and a heat engine which are capable of contributing to the driving of the vehicle, and of the type in which a central management unit performs a task comprising the determination of the torque which each engine must supply in order for the powertrain assembly to supply the vehicle with an engine torque in accordance with a torque requested by the driver of the vehicle, and of the type in which the heat engine is capable of being stopped , the vehicle then being driven by the only electric motor supplied with current

électrique par une batterie d'accumulateurs.  electric by a storage battery.

Dans la recherche de véhicules moins polluants que les véhicules automobiles ne comportant qu'un unique moteur thermique, les véhicules à motorisation hybride se présentent comme une alternative  In the search for less polluting vehicles than motor vehicles with only one heat engine, hybrid motor vehicles are presented as an alternative

particulièrement intéressante aux véhicules strictement électriques.  particularly interesting for strictly electric vehicles.

En effet, ces derniers présentent l'avantage de n'émettre par eux-  Indeed, the latter have the advantage of not emitting by themselves-

mêmes aucune substance toxique tout en étant à la fois particulièrement silencieux et économiques à l'usage. Cependant, les véhicules électriques ne tirent leur énergie que des seules batteries d'accumulateurs qu'ils embarquent avec eux. Or, étant données les faibles performances des batteries d'accumulateurs actuellement connues, du moins celles susceptibles d'être utilisées à un coût raisonnable dans un véhicule automobile, les véhicules électriques ne peuvent emmagasiner qu'une quantité d'énergie relativement faible, en dépit d'une masse conséquente, ce qui leur confère à la fois une faible autonomie et de faibles performances. Aussi, la solution d'une motorisation hybride comportant un moteur thermique susceptible de participer à l'entraînement du véhicule permet de réaliser des véhicules présentant des performances et une autonomie bien plus élevée, satisfaisante pour un usage normal du véhicule.  same no toxic substance while being both particularly silent and economical to use. However, electric vehicles get their energy only from the accumulator batteries they carry with them. However, given the poor performance of currently known storage batteries, at least those capable of being used at a reasonable cost in a motor vehicle, electric vehicles can only store a relatively small amount of energy, despite a substantial mass, which gives them both low autonomy and poor performance. Also, the solution of a hybrid motorization comprising a heat engine capable of participating in the driving of the vehicle makes it possible to produce vehicles having much higher performance and autonomy, satisfactory for normal use of the vehicle.

Il existe deux types principaux de véhicules hybrides.  There are two main types of hybrid vehicles.

Dans les véhicules hybrides série, seul le moteur électrique est susceptible d'entraîner directement les roues motrices du véhicule, éventuellement par l'intermédiaire d'une boîte de vitesses, d'un différentiel et/ou d'un embrayage. Le moteur électrique tire son énergie d'une batterie d'accumulateurs rechargée par une génératrice électrique  In series hybrid vehicles, only the electric motor is capable of directly driving the drive wheels of the vehicle, possibly via a gearbox, a differential and / or a clutch. The electric motor draws its energy from a storage battery recharged by an electric generator

qui est entraînée par le moteur thermique.  which is driven by the engine.

Dans un tel type de véhicule hybride, le moteur électrique est donc toujours en fonctionnement et le moteur thermique peut, soit être arrêté, le véhicule fonctionnant alors en mode électrique pur, soit être mis en marche de manière que la génératrice produise de l'électricité en vue  In such a type of hybrid vehicle, the electric motor is therefore always in operation and the heat engine can either be stopped, the vehicle then operating in pure electric mode, or be started so that the generator produces electricity. in sight

d'alimenter le moteur électrique et/ou de recharger les batteries.  power the electric motor and / or recharge the batteries.

Dans un véhicule hybride parallèle, le moteur thermique et le moteur électrique sont tous les deux reliés, généralement par un système  In a parallel hybrid vehicle, the heat engine and the electric motor are both connected, generally by a system

de boîte de vitesses à deux entrées, aux roues motrices du véhicule.  two-input gearbox to the drive wheels of the vehicle.

Généralement, un embrayage est interposé entre chaque moteur et les roues motrices pour permettre le désaccouplement du moteur lorsque celui-ci n'est pas utilisé pour l'entraînement. Les véhicules automobiles de type hybride parallèle peuvent donc être entraînés, soit à l'aide du seul moteur électrique, soit à l'aide du seul moteur thermique, ou encore à l'aide des deux moteurs simultanément. Par ailleurs, dans certaines configurations, il est possible d'utiliser le moteur électrique pour assurer le démarrage du moteur thermique et le moteur électrique peut aussi être "inversé" de telle sorte que, le moteur thermique entraînant en rotation le moteur électrique, éventuellement en même temps qu'il entraîne en rotation les roues motrices du véhicule, assure le rechargement des  Generally, a clutch is interposed between each engine and the drive wheels to allow uncoupling of the engine when the latter is not used for driving. Motor vehicles of the parallel hybrid type can therefore be driven, either using the single electric motor, or using the single combustion engine, or even using the two motors simultaneously. Furthermore, in certain configurations, it is possible to use the electric motor to ensure the starting of the heat engine and the electric motor can also be "inverted" so that, the heat engine driving the electric motor in rotation, possibly in at the same time as it drives the driving wheels of the vehicle, ensures the recharging of

batteries.batteries.

Il est à noter qu'il existe une variante de réalisation des véhicules hybrides en parallèle, dans lesquels chacun des deux moteurs thermique et électrique est accouplé non pas à un même essieu, mais à des essieux différents. Quel que soit le type de véhicule hybride envisagé, il est donc nécessaire de gérer le plus efficacement possible la commande de chacun des moteurs thermique et électrique pour assurer l'entraînement du véhicule selon les desideratas du conducteur qui détermine à chaque instant le couple moteur nécessaire à l'avancement du véhicule pour assurer l'accélération ou la décélération du véhicule, ou le maintien du  It should be noted that there is an alternative embodiment of the hybrid vehicles in parallel, in which each of the two thermal and electric motors is coupled not to the same axle, but to different axles. Whatever the type of hybrid vehicle envisaged, it is therefore necessary to manage as efficiently as possible the control of each of the thermal and electric motors to ensure the drive of the vehicle according to the wishes of the driver who determines at all times the necessary engine torque when the vehicle is moving forward to ensure the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle, or to maintain the

véhicule à une vitesse stabilisée.  vehicle at a steady speed.

Notamment, le choix de l'utilisation ou non du moteur thermique est particulièrement crucial car il permet de déterminer l'autonomie du véhicule, ses performances, tout cela dans la mesure o la mise en route du moteur thermique est effectivement possible, ce qui peut par exemple être interdit dans certaines zones au trafic particulièrement dense ou à  In particular, the choice of whether or not to use the heat engine is particularly crucial because it makes it possible to determine the autonomy of the vehicle, its performance, all this insofar as the starting of the heat engine is actually possible, which for example be prohibited in certain areas with particularly heavy traffic or

certaines périodes pour limiter la pollution.  certain periods to limit pollution.

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de gestion de l'énergie réduisant la consommation et les émissions polluantes tout en permettant une durée de vie élevée de la batterie, et une satisfaction des  The present invention relates to an energy management method reducing consumption and polluting emissions while allowing a long battery life, and satisfaction of

demandes du conducteur.driver requests.

L'invention propose un procédé de gestion de l'énergie dans un véhicule à moyen de propulsion hybride, du type comprenant un moteur électrique, un élément de stockage d'énergie électrique, un générateur électrique et un superviseur. Le superviseur effectue l'apprentissage d'un trajet, calcule un profil désiré d'état de charge dudit élément de stockage, évalue, à la fin dudit trajet, la qualité dudit profil qui a été suivi par le véhicule, et adapte le profil reconnu suivant la qualité évaluée et au cours  The invention provides a method of managing energy in a vehicle using hybrid propulsion, of the type comprising an electric motor, an electric energy storage element, an electric generator and a supervisor. The supervisor learns a route, calculates a desired state of charge profile of said storage element, evaluates, at the end of said route, the quality of said profile which has been followed by the vehicle, and adapts the recognized profile according to the quality evaluated and during

des exécutions ultérieures du trajet.  subsequent runs of the route.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le superviseur reconnaît la destination. Ceci est utile au cas o le conducteur ne lui  In one embodiment of the invention, the supervisor recognizes the destination. This is useful in case the driver does not

indique pas la destination.not indicate the destination.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le superviseur commande le fonctionnement du moyen de propulsion en fonction de  In one embodiment of the invention, the supervisor controls the operation of the propulsion means as a function of

variables liées au style de conduite du conducteur.  variables related to the driving style of the driver.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le conducteur effectue un réglage de la valeur cible finale de l'état de charge dudit  In one embodiment of the invention, the driver makes an adjustment of the final target value of the state of charge of said

élément de stockage.storage element.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le superviseur prend en compte le vieillissement dudit élément de stockage. Le superviseur peut estimer l'évolution de la vitesse de décharge dudit élément de stockage. Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'évaluation de la qualité dudit profil prend en compte la satisfaction des demandes du  In one embodiment of the invention, the supervisor takes into account the aging of said storage element. The supervisor can estimate the evolution of the discharge speed of said storage element. In one embodiment of the invention, the evaluation of the quality of said profile takes into account the satisfaction of the requests of the

conducteur au cours du trajet.driver during the journey.

L'invention concerne également un programme d'ordinateur comprenant des moyens de code programme pour mettre en ceuvre les  The invention also relates to a computer program comprising program code means for implementing the

étapes du procédé, lorsque ledit programme fonctionne sur un ordinateur.  process steps, when said program is running on a computer.

L'invention concerne également un support capable d'être lu par un dispositif de lecture de moyens de code programme qui s'y trouvent stockés et qui sont aptes à la mise en oeuvre des étapes du procédé, lorsque  The invention also relates to a medium capable of being read by a device for reading program code means which are stored therein and which are capable of implementing the steps of the method, when

ledit programme fonctionne sur un ordinateur.  said program runs on a computer.

L'invention propose également un système de propulsion hybride, du type comprenant un moteur électrique, une batterie, un générateur électrique et un superviseur. Le superviseur comprend: - un module d'apprentissage d'un trajet, - un module de calcul d'un profil désiré d'état de charge dudit élément de stockage, - un module d'évaluation, à la fin dudit trajet, de la qualité dudit profil qui a été suivi par le véhicule, et - un module d'adaptation du profil désiré suivant la qualité  The invention also provides a hybrid propulsion system, of the type comprising an electric motor, a battery, an electric generator and a supervisor. The supervisor comprises: - a module for learning a journey, - a module for calculating a desired state of charge profile of said storage element, - a module for evaluating, at the end of said journey, the quality of said profile which has been followed by the vehicle, and - a module for adapting the desired profile according to the quality

évaluée et au cours des exécutions ultérieures du trajet.  evaluated and during subsequent runs of the route.

Avantageusement, le superviseur comprend: - un module de reconnaissance du style de conduite du conducteur, - un module de reconnaissance de la destination, - un module d'évaluation du vieillissement dudit élément de stockage, et - un module de réglage de la valeur cible finale de l'état de charge  Advantageously, the supervisor comprises: - a module for recognizing the driving style of the driver, - a module for recognizing the destination, - a module for evaluating the aging of said storage element, and - a module for adjusting the target value state of charge final

dudit élément de stockage.of said storage element.

L'invention propose également un véhicule comprenant un tel système de propulsion, notamment un véhicule particulier, de transport  The invention also provides a vehicle comprising such a propulsion system, in particular a private transport vehicle

collectif ou de marchandises.collective or goods.

Le générateur électrique peut comprendre un moteur thermique à combustion interne ou externe et un alternateur.  The electric generator can include an internal or external combustion engine and an alternator.

Le générateur électrique peut comprendre une pile à hydrogène.  The electric generator can include a hydrogen cell.

Le générateur électrique peut comprendre un réformeur de carburant. La présente invention sera mieux comprise à l'étude de la  The electric generator may include a fuel reformer. The present invention will be better understood on studying the

description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation pris à titre d'exemple  detailed description of an exemplary embodiment

nullement limitatif et illustré par les dessins annexés, sur lesquels: la figure 1 est une vue schématique de l'architecture d'un véhicule à transmission hybride série; la figure 2 est une vue schématique de l'architecture d'un véhicule à transmission hybride parallèle; la figure 3 est une vue schématique d'une autre architecture de véhicule à transmission hybride parallèle; la figure 4 est une vue schématique de l'architecture d'un véhicule à transmission hybride série-parallèle; la figure 5 est une vue schématique de l'architecture d'un véhicule à transmission hybride différentiel; la figure 6 est un schéma montrant les étapes du procédé de gestion de l'énergie; et  in no way limiting and illustrated by the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the architecture of a vehicle with serial hybrid transmission; Figure 2 is a schematic view of the architecture of a vehicle with parallel hybrid transmission; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another architecture of a vehicle with parallel hybrid transmission; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the architecture of a vehicle with a series-parallel hybrid transmission; Figure 5 is a schematic view of the architecture of a vehicle with differential hybrid transmission; Figure 6 is a diagram showing the steps of the energy management process; and

la figure 7 est une vue de détail de la figure 6.  FIG. 7 is a detailed view of FIG. 6.

Sur la figure 1, le générateur électrique 1 est capable d'alimenter en énergie électrique un moteur électrique de propulsion 2. Une batterie 3 est reliée électriquement au générateur électrique 1 et au moteur électrique 2. L'arbre de sortie du moteur électrique 2 est reliée à une  In FIG. 1, the electric generator 1 is capable of supplying electric power to a propulsion electric motor 2. A battery 3 is electrically connected to the electric generator 1 and to the electric motor 2. The output shaft of the electric motor 2 is connected to a

transmission 4 elle-même reliée aux roues 5 du véhicule.  transmission 4 itself connected to the wheels 5 of the vehicle.

Le générateur électrique 1 comprend un moteur à combustion interne 6 entraînant en rotation un alternateur électrique 7 apte à fournir en sortie de l'énergie électrique. Bien entendu, pour le démarrage du moteur à combustion interne 6, on pourra prévoir d'utiliser l'alternateur 7 comme démarreur alimenté par la batterie 3. Le moteur à combustion interne 6 est relié à un réservoir de carburant 8 destiné à contenir de l'essence, du gazole, du gaz ou tout autre type de carburant. Le moteur à  The electric generator 1 comprises an internal combustion engine 6 driving in rotation an electric alternator 7 capable of supplying electrical energy at the output. Of course, for starting the internal combustion engine 6, provision may be made to use the alternator 7 as a starter powered by the battery 3. The internal combustion engine 6 is connected to a fuel tank 8 intended to contain l gasoline, diesel, gas or any other type of fuel. The engine

combustion interne 6 est pourvu d'un calculateur 9 apte à le commander.  internal combustion 6 is provided with a computer 9 capable of controlling it.

L'alternateur électrique 7 est pourvu d'une unité électronique de puissance 10. Le moteur électrique 2 est pourvu d'une unité électronique de puissance 11. Un superviseur 12 est relié au moteur à combustion interne 6, à l'alternateur 7, au moteur électrique 2, à la batterie 3 et à une pédale d'accélérateur 13 susceptible d'être actionnée par le conducteur et dont la position est détectée par un capteur et transmise au superviseur 12, éventuellement par l'intermédiaire de moyens de traitement, non représentés, destinés à interpréter la position de la pédale d'accélérateur 13. Le superviseur 12 reçoit en entrée les valeurs de tension U et de courant I aux bornes du moteur électrique 2, des informations relatives à l'état de la batterie 3 telles que son état de charge, sa température, sa tension, son intensité, et sa puissance maximale, etc. Le superviseur 12 reçoit également une information relative à la puissance maximale du générateur électrique 1. A titre de variante, cette variable peut faire l'objet  The electric alternator 7 is provided with an electronic power unit 10. The electric motor 2 is provided with an electronic power unit 11. A supervisor 12 is connected to the internal combustion engine 6, to the alternator 7, to the electric motor 2, to the battery 3 and to an accelerator pedal 13 capable of being actuated by the driver and the position of which is detected by a sensor and transmitted to the supervisor 12, possibly via processing means, not shown, intended to interpret the position of the accelerator pedal 13. The supervisor 12 receives as input the voltage U and current I values at the terminals of the electric motor 2, information relating to the state of the battery 3 such as its state of charge, its temperature, its voltage, its intensity, and its maximum power, etc. The supervisor 12 also receives information relating to the maximum power of the electric generator 1. As a variant, this variable can be the subject

d'une mémorisation dans une mémoire du superviseur 12.  a memorization in a memory of the supervisor 12.

Le superviseur 12 comprend au moins une mémoire, au moins un microprocesseur, au moins un programme de commande, et au moins un  The supervisor 12 comprises at least one memory, at least one microprocessor, at least one control program, and at least one

bus de communication.communication bus.

Sur la figure 2, les éléments semblables à ceux de la figure 1 portent les mêmes références. Le moteur thermique 6 entraîne, par l'intermédiaire d'un embrayage 14 relié au superviseur 12, une boîte de  In Figure 2, elements similar to those in Figure 1 have the same references. The heat engine 6 drives, via a clutch 14 connected to the supervisor 12, a gearbox

vitesses 15 pourvue d'un arbre primaire 16 et d'un arbre secondaire 17.  gears 15 provided with a primary shaft 16 and a secondary shaft 17.

L'arbre primaire 16 est relié à la sortie de l'embrayage 14 et à au moteur électrique 7 par l'intermédiaire d'un réducteur 18. L'arbre secondaire 17  The primary shaft 16 is connected to the output of the clutch 14 and to the electric motor 7 by means of a reduction gear 18. The secondary shaft 17

est relié à la transmission 4.is connected to the transmission 4.

Le moteur électrique 7 peut fonctionner en moteur, le moteur thermique 6 étant en fonctionnement ou à l'arrêt et débrayé, ou en alternateur, le moteur thermique 6 étant en fonctionnement ou non,  The electric motor 7 can operate as a motor, the heat engine 6 being in operation or stopped and disengaged, or as an alternator, the heat engine 6 being in operation or not,

notamment lors d'un freinage avec récupération d'énergie.  especially when braking with energy recovery.

La variante de la figure 3 est proche de la précédente à ceci près que l'arbre primaire 16 est relié à la sortie de l'embrayage 14, et que l'arbre secondaire 17 est relié à la transmission 4 et au moteur électrique 7 par  The variant of FIG. 3 is close to the previous one except that the primary shaft 16 is connected to the output of the clutch 14, and that the secondary shaft 17 is connected to the transmission 4 and to the electric motor 7 by

l'intermédiaire du réducteur 18. Le fonctionnement est similaire.  through the reducer 18. Operation is similar.

Sur la figure 4, les éléments semblables à ceux des figures précédentes portent les mêmes références. Comme sur la figure 2, le moteur électrique 7 et l'arbre primaire 16 sont reliés par l'intermédiaire du réducteur 18. Il est prévu un autre moteur électrique 19 pourvu d'une unité électronique de puissance 20 et relié à la batterie 3. L'unité électronique de puissance 20 est reliée au superviseur 12. Le moteur électrique 19 et l'arbre secondaire 17 sont reliés par l'intermédiaire d'un réducteur 21 à  In Figure 4, elements similar to those of the previous figures have the same references. As in FIG. 2, the electric motor 7 and the primary shaft 16 are connected by means of the reduction gear 18. Another electric motor 19 is provided, provided with an electronic power unit 20 and connected to the battery 3. The electronic power unit 20 is connected to the supervisor 12. The electric motor 19 and the secondary shaft 17 are connected via a reducer 21 to

l'instar de la variante de la figure 3. Le fonctionnement est similaire.  like the variant of Figure 3. The operation is similar.

Sur la figure 5, les éléments semblables à ceux des figures précédentes portent les mêmes références. Il est prévu un train épicycloidal 22 pourvu d'un arbre d'entrée 23 entraîné par le moteur thermique 6, d'un arbre d'entrée 24 relié au moteur électrique 7, et d'un arbre de sortie 25 relié à la fois à la transmission 4 et à un autre moteur électrique 26 pourvu d'une unité électronique de puissance 27 et relié à la batterie 3. L'unité électronique de puissance 27 est reliée au superviseur 12. Le train épicycloidal 22 comprend, en outre, un porte-satellites 28 solidaire de l'arbre d'entrée 23, une pluralité de satellites 29, un pignon 30 solidaire de l'arbre d'entrée 24 et engrenant avec les satellites 29 tout en étant coaxial à l'arbre d'entrée 23, une couronne 31 engrenant avec les satellites 29 tout en étant coaxiale à l'arbre d'entrée 23 et portant une denture extérieure 32 engrenant avec un pignon 33 solidaire de l'arbre de  In Figure 5, elements similar to those of the previous figures have the same references. An epicyclic train 22 is provided provided with an input shaft 23 driven by the heat engine 6, an input shaft 24 connected to the electric motor 7, and an output shaft 25 connected both to the transmission 4 and to another electric motor 26 provided with an electronic power unit 27 and connected to the battery 3. The electronic power unit 27 is connected to the supervisor 12. The epicyclic train 22 further comprises a door satellites 28 secured to the input shaft 23, a plurality of satellites 29, a pinion 30 secured to the input shaft 24 and meshing with the satellites 29 while being coaxial with the input shaft 23, a ring 31 meshing with the satellites 29 while being coaxial with the input shaft 23 and carrying an external toothing 32 meshing with a pinion 33 integral with the shaft

sortie 25.exit 25.

Les moteurs électriques 7 et 26 peuvent fonctionner en moteur, le moteur thermique 6 étant en fonctionnement ou à l'arrêt, ou en alternateur le moteur thermique 6 étant en fonctionnement. Si le véhicule est à l'arrêt, moteur thermique 6 à l'arrêt, le moteur électrique 7 peut fonctionner en démarreur. Si le véhicule roule, moteur thermique 6 à l'arrêt, les moteurs électriques 7 et 26 peuvent fonctionner en démarreur,  The electric motors 7 and 26 can operate as a motor, the heat engine 6 being in operation or stopped, or as an alternator the heat engine 6 being in operation. If the vehicle is stopped, with the internal combustion engine 6 stopped, the electric motor 7 can operate as a starter. If the vehicle is running with the internal combustion engine 6 stopped, the electric motors 7 and 26 can operate as a starter,

par exemple en freinant le moteur électrique 7.  for example by braking the electric motor 7.

Le superviseur ou unité de commande effectue une étape de détermination du trajet suivi au cours de laquelle il récupère l'ensemble des informations disponibles sur le trajet qui va être effectué. Si la destination est connue, par exemple si le conducteur l'a indiquée au superviseur, ledit superviseur calcule l'itinéraire suivi par le conducteur à l'aide d'un module de navigation qui fournit des informations sur chaque segment du parcours. Sinon, le superviseur effectue une reconnaissance  The supervisor or control unit performs a step of determining the route followed during which it collects all of the information available on the route that will be taken. If the destination is known, for example if the driver has indicated it to the supervisor, said supervisor calculates the route followed by the driver using a navigation module which provides information on each segment of the route. Otherwise, the supervisor performs a recognition

d'un trajet déjà effectué et récupère les données mémorisées sur ce trajet.  of a route already taken and retrieves the data stored on this route.

Dans les deux cas, des informations caractérisant chaque segment de trajet (pente, vitesse moyenne,...) et d'autres provenant de capteurs  In both cases, information characterizing each path segment (slope, average speed, ...) and others from sensors

(température extérieure,...) sont obtenues.  (outside temperature, ...) are obtained.

Le superviseur effectue ensuite une étape de calculs au cours de laquelle il détermine à l'aide des informations obtenues à l'étape précédente, des valeurs cible d'état de charge de la batterie de façon qu'il puisse optimiser un critère simple, tel que la consommation ou le rendement de la chaîne de traction. Il s'agit ici de mettre en oeuvre une méthode d'optimisation qui puisse être facilement embarquée à bord d'un véhicule et qui, connaissant le trajet suivi et les principales caractéristiques du véhicule, détermine le profil optimal à faire suivre au véhicule. L'étape de contrôle, effectuée par le superviseur, assure que la commande locale du véhicule suit bien les valeurs cible d'état de charge et les modifie si besoin est. Cette commande locale peut être effectuée au moyen de lois définies dans les demandes de brevets français n 97 14174 et 99 02 581, par exemple: - les lois générales permettant le démarrage et l'arrêt du moteur thermique (hystérésis de vitesse, de couple, de puissance,...), les lois assurant la régulation du fonctionnement du moteur thermique lorsqu'il est démarré (utilisation des zones de meilleur rendement du moteur thermique,...), - les lois assurant le respect des limitations des composants (interdiction de la recharge si la batterie a atteint un seuil haut ou de la décharge pour un seuil bas,...), - les lois ajoutées pour le confort du conducteur (temps minimal  The supervisor then performs a calculation step during which he determines, using the information obtained in the previous step, target values for the state of charge of the battery so that he can optimize a simple criterion, such as than the consumption or the output of the traction chain. It is a question here of implementing an optimization method which can be easily embarked on board a vehicle and which, knowing the route followed and the main characteristics of the vehicle, determines the optimal profile to be followed by the vehicle. The control step, carried out by the supervisor, ensures that the local vehicle control follows the target state of charge values well and modifies them if necessary. This local control can be carried out by means of laws defined in French patent applications Nos. 97 14 174 and 99 02 581, for example: - the general laws enabling the engine to start and stop (hysteresis of speed, torque, power, ...), the laws ensuring the regulation of the operation of the heat engine when it is started (use of the areas of best efficiency of the heat engine, ...), - the laws ensuring compliance with the limitations of the components ( prohibition of recharging if the battery has reached a high threshold or of discharging for a low threshold, ...), - the laws added for driver comfort (minimum time

de démarrage du moteur thermique,...).  engine start, ...).

Les lois générales et de régulation du fonctionnement peuvent être paramétrées de façon qu'elles permettent l'ajustement de l'état de charge de l'élément de stockage. Par exemple, si l'état de charge est inférieur à la valeur obtenue lors de l'étape de calcul, lors de l'étape de contrôle, le superviseur va modifier les paramètres des lois générales pour démarrer plus tôt le moteur thermique, par exemple en diminuant la valeur des seuils d'hystérésis et/ou en augmentant le point de fonctionnement du  The general laws and of regulation of the operation can be configured so that they allow the adjustment of the state of charge of the storage element. For example, if the state of charge is lower than the value obtained during the calculation step, during the control step, the supervisor will modify the parameters of the general laws to start the engine earlier, for example by decreasing the value of the hysteresis thresholds and / or by increasing the operating point of the

moteur thermique en altérant certains paramètres des lois de régulation.  thermal engine by altering certain parameters of the regulation laws.

Lors de l'étape d'évaluation d'un critère de performance, le superviseur calcule un indice de performance qui permet d'estimer la validité de la solution testée pour le trajet considéré, lorsque ledit trajet  During the step of evaluating a performance criterion, the supervisor calculates a performance index which makes it possible to estimate the validity of the solution tested for the route considered, when said route

constitue un parcours déjà effectué.  is a route already completed.

Lors de l'étape d'adaptation, le superviseur utilise le résultat de l'étape d'évaluation du critère de performance pour modifier le résultat de  During the adaptation stage, the supervisor uses the result of the performance criterion evaluation stage to modify the result of

l'étape de contrôle qui lui a fourni auparavant ses données d'initialisation.  the control step which previously supplied it with its initialization data.

On cherche ainsi à améliorer le critère de performance au cours des exécutions suivantes d'un premier trajet déjà effectué. Cette étape permet de prendre en compte toutes les spécificités qui ne sont pas considérées lors de l'étape de calcul ainsi que d'éventuelles informations qui n'ont pas  We therefore seek to improve the performance criterion during the following executions of a first journey already carried out. This step allows you to take into account all the specificities that are not considered during the calculation step as well as any information that has not

été prises en compte dans le trajet.  taken into account in the journey.

L'étape d'apprentissage du trajet permet d'apprendre un nouveau trajet par mémorisation de données, notamment relatives à la pente, à la vitesse moyenne, aux arrêts, etc., et d'améliorer les connaissances sur les  The route learning stage makes it possible to learn a new route by memorizing data, in particular relating to the slope, average speed, stops, etc., and to improve knowledge of the

trajets ayant déjà fait l'objet d'un apprentissage.  journeys that have already been learned.

Si le superviseur ne dispose pas d'informations précises sur un trajet, c'est-à-dire dans le cas d'un nouveau trajet et d'un conducteur ne fournissant pas la destination au superviseur, une commande par défaut est appliquée. Par exemple, la décision de démarrer ou d'arrêter le moteur thermique dépend des variations d'un certain nombre de valeurs caractérisant la demande du conducteur telle que le seuil de puissance, le seuil de couple,.... et l'état du véhicule tel que l'état de charge de la batterie,...  If the supervisor does not have precise information on a journey, that is to say in the case of a new journey and a driver who does not provide the destination to the supervisor, a default command is applied. For example, the decision to start or stop the engine depends on variations in a certain number of values characterizing the driver's demand such as the power threshold, the torque threshold, etc. and the state of the vehicle such as the state of charge of the battery, ...

Sur la figure 7, est illustrée, plus en détail, l'étape de contrôle.  In FIG. 7, the control step is illustrated in more detail.

Le superviseur est apte à effectuer les modifications de la commande locale, en fonction de variables d'état fournies par différents capteurs du véhicule, telles que le tachymètre, un thermomètre extérieur, un détecteur de niveau de charge de la batterie, un capteur de température d'eau du moteur thermique, etc. Cette modification de la commande locale influe d'une part sur le choix du mode de roulage, en d'autres termes sur le fonctionnement ou l'arrêt du moteur thermique, et d'autre part sur la  The supervisor is able to make changes to the local control, based on state variables provided by different vehicle sensors, such as the tachometer, an outdoor thermometer, a battery charge level detector, a temperature sensor water from the engine, etc. This modification of the local control influences on the one hand the choice of the driving mode, in other words on the operation or the stopping of the heat engine, and on the other hand on the

détermination des points de fonctionnement des différents moteurs.  determination of the operating points of the different motors.

Ces étapes de choix du mode de roulage et de la détermination des points de fonctionnement sont également influencées par le conducteur par le biais de l'accélérateur et du capteur d'enfoncement de l'accélérateur, lequel est communiqué au superviseur qui effectue l'interprétation de la demande du conducteur et en déduit un couple, une  These steps of choosing the driving mode and determining the operating points are also influenced by the driver by means of the accelerator and the accelerator sink sensor, which is communicated to the supervisor who performs the interpretation. from the driver's request and deducts a torque, a

vitesse ou encore une puissance désirée par le conducteur.  speed or even a power desired by the driver.

A l'issue des étapes de choix du mode de roulage et de détermination du point de fonctionnement, le superviseur vérifie le respect des limitations des composants afin d'éviter par exemple une décharge excessive ou une surcharge excessive de la batterie. Puis, vérifie enfin le respect du confort du conducteur, c'est-à-dire la satisfaction donnée, dans la mesure du possible, et avec une certaine marge d'interprétation, de la consigne qu'il donne par l'intermédiaire de l'accélérateur. A l'issue de cette étape, le superviseur établit des signaux de consigne qu'il envoie aux différents organes de propulsion, c'est-à-dire dans le cas d'un système hybride, au calculateur du moteur thermique, à l'unité électronique de puissance de chaque moteur électrique ou alternateur, le cas échéant à l'embrayage, à la boîte de vitesses, etc. L'invention permet donc au superviseur d'apprendre et de reconnaître le trajet suivi, c'est-à-dire à la fois le profil de traction et la puissance demandée par les auxiliaires, de calculer un profil désiré d'état de charge de la batterie à partir de la connaissance du trajet, lors de l'étape d'initialisation, d'évaluer un critère de performance de la solution à l'issue de l'exécution d'un trajet, et d'adapter, suivant le résultat du critère et au cours de réalisations successives du trajet, ledit profil d'état de charge. On entend ici par trajet, non seulement le profil de vitesse mais également un profil de puissance des différents organes consommateurs d'énergie dans le véhicule. Le trajet peut être caractérisé par un profil de puissance  At the end of the steps for choosing the driving mode and determining the operating point, the supervisor checks compliance with the limitations of the components in order to avoid, for example, excessive discharge or excessive overcharging of the battery. Then, finally checks the respect of the driver's comfort, that is to say the satisfaction given, as far as possible, and with a certain margin of interpretation, of the instruction that he gives through the 'accelerator. At the end of this step, the supervisor establishes setpoint signals which it sends to the various propulsion units, that is to say in the case of a hybrid system, to the computer of the heat engine, to the electronic power unit of each electric motor or alternator, if applicable to the clutch, gearbox, etc. The invention therefore allows the supervisor to learn and recognize the path followed, that is to say both the traction profile and the power requested by the auxiliaries, to calculate a desired state of charge profile of the battery from the knowledge of the journey, during the initialization step, to evaluate a performance criterion of the solution at the end of the execution of a journey, and to adapt, according to the result of the criterion and during successive embodiments of the journey, said state of charge profile. The term path here means not only the speed profile but also a power profile of the various energy consuming members in the vehicle. The path can be characterized by a power profile

mémorisé par le superviseur.memorized by the supervisor.

On prévoira également que le conducteur dispose d'un bouton, au sens mécanique ou électronique du terme, lui permettant de sélectionner un niveau de charge de la batterie en fin de trajet. En effet, si i1 le véhicule dispose à la fin de son trajet d'une possibilité de recharge de sa batterie sur le réseau électrique, le conducteur choisira alors de terminer son trajet à un niveau de charge très bas de façon qu'il minimise sa consommation énergétique. Au contraire, si le véhicule atteint en fin de trajet une zone de restriction du fonctionnement des moteurs thermiques des véhicules à cause de la pollution ou des nuisances sonores, notamment en centre ville, le conducteur peut choisir de terminer son trajet à un niveau de charge très haut de façon à pouvoir traverser ensuite cette zone uniquement à partir de l'énergie électrique stockée. La mise à la disposition du conducteur d'un moyen de sélection d'un niveau de charge  It will also be provided that the driver has a button, in the mechanical or electronic sense of the term, allowing him to select a level of charge of the battery at the end of the journey. Indeed, if i1 the vehicle has at the end of its journey a possibility of recharging its battery on the electrical network, the driver will then choose to end its journey at a very low charge level so that it minimizes its energy consumption. On the contrary, if the vehicle reaches at the end of the journey a zone of restriction of the functioning of the thermal engines of vehicles due to pollution or noise pollution, especially in the city center, the driver can choose to end his journey at a charge level very high so that it can then pass through this area only from the stored electrical energy. Providing the driver with a means of selecting a charge level

final désiré de la batterie est donc particulièrement avantageuse.  desired end of the battery is therefore particularly advantageous.

Claims (9)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé de gestion de l'énergie dans un véhicule à moyen de propulsion hybride, du type comprenant un moteur électrique, un élément de stockage d'énergie électrique, un générateur électrique et un superviseur, dans lequel le superviseur: - effectue l'apprentissage d'un trajet, - calcule un profil désiré d'état de charge dudit élément de stockage, - évalue, à la fin dudit trajet, la qualité dudit profil qui a été suivi par le véhicule, et - adapte le profil reconnu suivant la qualité évaluée et au cours  1. A method of managing energy in a vehicle using hybrid propulsion, of the type comprising an electric motor, an electric energy storage element, an electric generator and a supervisor, in which the supervisor: - performs the learning a route, - calculates a desired state of charge profile of said storage element, - evaluates, at the end of said journey, the quality of said profile which has been followed by the vehicle, and - adapts the recognized profile according to the quality assessed and during des exécutions ultérieures du trajet.  subsequent runs of the route. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le superviseur  2. The method of claim 1, wherein the supervisor reconnaît la destination.recognizes the destination. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le superviseur commande le fonctionnement du moyen de propulsion en  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the supervisor controls the operation of the propulsion means in fonction de variables liées au style de conduite du conducteur.  function of variables related to the driving style of the driver. 4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications  4. Method according to any one of the claims précédentes, dans lequel le conducteur effectue un réglage de la valeur  previous, in which the driver makes a value adjustment cible finale de l'état de charge dudit élément de stockage.  final target of the state of charge of said storage element. 5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications  5. Method according to any one of the claims précédentes, dans lequel le superviseur prend en compte le vieillissement  previous, in which the supervisor takes aging into account dudit élément de stockage.of said storage element. 6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications  6. Method according to any one of the claims précédentes, dans lequel l'évaluation de la qualité dudit profil prend en  previous, in which the evaluation of the quality of said profile takes into account compte la satisfaction des demandes du conducteur au cours du trajet.  counts the satisfaction of the driver's requests during the journey. 7. Système de propulsion hybride, du type comprenant un moteur électrique (7), un élément de stockage d'énergie électrique (3), un générateur électrique (1) et un superviseur (12), caractérisé par le fait que le superviseur comprend: - un module d'apprentissage d'un trajet, - un module de calcul d'un profil désiré d'état de charge dudit élément de stockage, un module d'évaluation, à la fin dudit trajet, de la qualité dudit profil qui a été suivi par le véhicule, et - un module d'adaptation du profil désiré suivant la qualité  7. Hybrid propulsion system, of the type comprising an electric motor (7), an electric energy storage element (3), an electric generator (1) and a supervisor (12), characterized in that the supervisor comprises : a module for learning a journey, a module for calculating a desired profile of charge state of said storage element, a module for evaluating, at the end of said journey, the quality of said profile which was followed by the vehicle, and - a module for adapting the desired profile according to the quality évaluée et au cours des exécutions ultérieures du trajet.  evaluated and during subsequent runs of the route. 8. Système selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que le superviseur comprend: - un module de reconnaissance du style de conduite du conducteur, - un module de reconnaissance de la destination, - un module de d'évaluation du vieillissement dudit élément de stockage, et un module de réglage de la valeur cible finale de l'état de charge  8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the supervisor comprises: - a module for recognizing the driving style of the driver, - a module for recognizing the destination, - a module for evaluating the aging of said element of storage, and a module for adjusting the final target value of the state of charge dudit élément de stockage.of said storage element. 9. Véhicule comprenant un système selon la revendication 7 ou 8.  9. Vehicle comprising a system according to claim 7 or 8.
FR0008687A 2000-07-04 2000-07-04 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING ENERGY IN A VEHICLE USING HYBRID PROPULSION Expired - Fee Related FR2811268B1 (en)

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WO2011160995A1 (en) * 2010-06-24 2011-12-29 Avl List Gmbh Method for operating an electric vehicle
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