FR2810235A1 - Test for patient recognition of medication pills or capsules uses supply of real and similar pills or capsules for patient to identify - Google Patents

Test for patient recognition of medication pills or capsules uses supply of real and similar pills or capsules for patient to identify Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2810235A1
FR2810235A1 FR0007807A FR0007807A FR2810235A1 FR 2810235 A1 FR2810235 A1 FR 2810235A1 FR 0007807 A FR0007807 A FR 0007807A FR 0007807 A FR0007807 A FR 0007807A FR 2810235 A1 FR2810235 A1 FR 2810235A1
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pills
capsules
pill
patient
prescribed
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FR2810235B1 (en
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Jean Jacques Parienti
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B1/00Manually or mechanically operated educational appliances using elements forming, or bearing, symbols, signs, pictures, or the like which are arranged or adapted to be arranged in one or more particular ways
    • G09B1/02Manually or mechanically operated educational appliances using elements forming, or bearing, symbols, signs, pictures, or the like which are arranged or adapted to be arranged in one or more particular ways and having a support carrying or adapted to carry the elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61JCONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J1/00Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A test for patient recognition of medication pills or capsules, using a supply of real and similar pills or capsules for the patient to identify, is new. The test uses a board to which a number of pills or capsules are glued, each one having a similar pill or capsule alongside it but with a visible difference from the prescribed pill. The pills and capsules are covered with a layer of transparent plastic, and the patient for whom a medication is prescribed is asked to circle the correct pill or capsule and give the dosage recommended. A variant of the test can use a color photograph of the pills/capsules.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de mesure de la connaissance du traitement médicamenteux . Cette donnée est fortement corrélée à l'observance du traitement, c'est à dire au degré de réalisation effective d'une prescription médicale. Au cours des essais cliniques d'efficacité inhérents au développement de nouvelles molécules, la prise en compte de l'observance du traitement par les patients est indispensable pour assurer la. validité des résultats.  The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring knowledge of drug treatment. This data is strongly correlated with compliance with treatment, that is to say the degree of actual fulfillment of a medical prescription. During clinical trials of efficacy inherent in the development of new molecules, taking into account the observance of treatment by patients is essential to ensure the. validity of results.

L'observance médicamenteuse est habituellement mesurée à l'aide de questionnaires qui ont tendance à surestimer l'observance, les patients ayant un total contrôle des réponses qu'ils donnent. D'autres techniques commes les piluliers électroniques ou les plaquettes de comprimés munis d'un fil-contact électrique sont difficilement utilisables du fait d'un coût élevé et ne garantissent pas que le médicament a été avalé. Les dosages pharmacologiques se heurtent à une grande variabilité interindividuelle dans la biodisponibilité et l'élimination des drogues. De plus, ces dosages reposent sur les déclarations du patient concernant la dernière prise, et n'explorent pas l'observance au delà de 48 heures. Il n'existe donc pas de méthode parfaite. Drug compliance is usually measured using questionnaires that tend to overestimate compliance, with patients having total control over the responses they give. Other techniques such as electronic pill dispensers or tablets with an electrical contact wire are difficult to use due to the high cost and do not guarantee that the medicine has been swallowed. Pharmacological dosages come up against great interindividual variability in the bioavailability and elimination of drugs. In addition, these dosages are based on the patient's declarations concerning the last dose, and do not explore compliance beyond 48 hours. There is therefore no perfect method.

Le dispositif de mesure selon l'invention permet de remédier à ces inconvénients. Il est peu coûteux, simple, rapide, peut servir pour beaucoup de patients, évalue la connaissance du traitement que le patient a acqui depuis le début du traitement, et le résultat du test ne dépendent pas de la volonté du patient. Le procédé consiste à présenter au patient, sans qu'il s'y attende, une planche contenant les comprimés et gélules qui lui ont été prescrites ainsi que d'autres comprimés et gélules (appelés jumeaux) ayant la particularité de ressembler au traitement prescrit. La personne doit entourer sur cette planche les pilules qu'on lui aura prescrites et écrire la posologie recommendée pour chaque pilule. Un score est définit comme la somme des erreurs éventuellement observées: 0,5 pour une erreur sur le jumeau de la pilule precrite, 1 en cas d'erreur sur une pilule qui n'est pas le jumeau ou une omission. Le test de connaissance du traitement est considéré comme satisfaisant si la somme des erreurs est inférieure à 1 et si les posologies sont connues. The measuring device according to the invention overcomes these drawbacks. It is inexpensive, simple, fast, can be used for many patients, assesses the knowledge of the treatment that the patient has acquired since the start of treatment, and the result of the test does not depend on the will of the patient. The process consists in presenting to the patient, without expecting it, a board containing the tablets and capsules which have been prescribed to him as well as other tablets and capsules (called twins) having the characteristic to resemble the prescribed treatment. The person must surround on this board the pills that will have been prescribed to him and write the recommended dosage for each pill. A score is defined as the sum of the errors possibly observed: 0.5 for an error on the twin of the pre-prescribed pill, 1 for an error on a pill which is not the twin or an omission. The treatment knowledge test is considered satisfactory if the sum of the errors is less than 1 and if the dosages are known.

Le mode de réalisation de l'invention procède en plusieurs étapes. Les difficultés reposent sur le choix des jumeaux et sur l'emplacement des pilules à l'intérieur de la planche de façon à ce que le degré de ressemblance entre chaque pilule prescrite et ses jumeaux soit relativement homogène sur l'ensemble de la planche. La définition d'une pilule prescrite est une pilule originale qui a été prescrite au patient. La définition d'un jumeau est une pilule dont l'aspect ressemble à celui de la. pilule prescrite en ayant en commun le maximum de caractéristiques (taille, couleur, forme, inscription) sauf une. Le jumeau peut provenir soit d'une autre spécialité pharmaceutique (par exemple une gélule d'hydroquinidine chlorydrate et une gélule d'hydroxyurée), soit de la même spécialité pharmaceutique mais à un dosage différent (une gélule d'indivanir 400 mg et une gélule d'indinavir 200 mg), soit enfin en modifiant artificiellement l'aspect d'une pilule (une gélule d'indinavir 400 mg et une capsule d'indinavir 400 mg remplie avec une poudre rose par exemple). The embodiment of the invention proceeds in several stages. The difficulties lie in the choice of twins and the location of the pills inside the board so that the degree of resemblance between each prescribed pill and its twins is relatively homogeneous across the board. The definition of a prescribed pill is an original pill that has been prescribed to the patient. The definition of a twin is a pill whose appearance resembles that of the. prescribed pill having in common the maximum of characteristics (size, color, shape, inscription) except one. The twin can come either from another pharmaceutical specialty (for example a hydroquinidine hydrochloride capsule and a hydroxyurea capsule), or from the same pharmaceutical specialty but at a different dosage (an indivanir 400 mg capsule and a capsule indinavir 200 mg), or by artificially modifying the appearance of a pill (a capsule of indinavir 400 mg and a capsule of indinavir 400 mg filled with a pink powder for example).

La première étape consiste à collecter plusieurs jumeaux possibles par pilule prescrite. Il faut ensuite faire évaluer par un panel de personnes différentes le degré de ressemblance entre chaque couple pilule prescrite jumeau puis sélectionner les jumeaux pour lesquels la moyenne des mesures de ressemblance est la plus proche de celle des couples pilules prescrites jumeaux déjà sélectionnés. L'emplacement du jumeau par rapport à la pilule prescrite sera dicté par le degré de ressemblance évalué par le panel. Ils seront placés d'autant plus près l'un de l'autre sur la planche que leur degré de ressemblance est grand. En effet lorsque deux pilules sont côte à côte, leurs différences sont majorées ce qui contribue à homogénéiser l'ensemble de la planche. Pour chaque pilule prescrite, il faut le même nombre de jumeaux. Enfin la planche sera testée auprès de personnes connaissant bien l'aspect des pilules prescrites pour s'assurer qu'elles restent reconnaissables. The first step is to collect several possible twins per prescribed pill. It is then necessary to have a panel of different people assess the degree of resemblance between each pair of prescribed twin pills and then select the twins for which the average of the similarity measures is closest to that of the pairs of prescribed twin pills already selected. The location of the twin relative to the prescribed pill will be dictated by the degree of similarity assessed by the panel. They will be placed all the closer to each other on the board as their degree of resemblance is great. Indeed when two pills are side by side, their differences are increased which contributes to homogenize the whole board. For each pill prescribed, the same number of twins is required. Finally, the board will be tested with people who are familiar with the appearance of the prescribed pills to ensure that they remain recognizable.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif, la planche a des dimentions de l'ordre de 22 cm de long et 15,5 cm de large. Une feuille de carton de cette taille sert de support.By way of nonlimiting example, the board has dimensions of the order of 22 cm long and 15.5 cm wide. A sheet of cardboard of this size serves as a support.

Les comprimés et gélules sont collés sur plusieurs lignes sur cette feuille de carton selon la disposition définie. La feuille de carton est introduite dans une pochette plastifiée transparente et incolore, par exemple de format A5 (non limitatif). Une feuille plastifiée transparente de la. taille de la planche recouvre l'ensemble de sa surface et est fixée par un trombone (non limitatif). Le patient entoure ses pilules et écrit la posologie du traitement à l'aide d'un feutre indélébile sur la feuille plastique transparente qui est remplacée pour chaque nouveau patient. Une photographie de très bonne qualité de la planche à l'échelle 1/1 peut aussi servir de test de connaissance du traitement. L'appareil selon l'invention est particulièrement destiné à mesurer la connaissance qu'a le patient de son traitement, en complément d'autres méthodes de mesure de l'observance médicamenteuse, au cours des essais thérapeutiques menés par l'industrie pharmaceutique dans le cadre du développement de nouvelles molécules. L'appareil est aussi destiné à aider les soignants au cours du suivi thérapeutique du patient, dans la vérification de la. bonne connaissance du traitement prescrit. Le test de connaissance du traitement est alors particulièrement indiqué à l'instauration d'un nouveau traitement, en cas d'échec au traitement ou à la demande du médecin. The tablets and capsules are stuck on several lines on this sheet of cardboard according to the defined arrangement. The cardboard sheet is introduced into a transparent and colorless plasticized pouch, for example of A5 format (not limiting). A transparent plastic sheet of the. size of the board covers its entire surface and is fixed by a paper clip (not limiting). The patient wraps his pills and writes the dosage of the treatment using an indelible marker on the transparent plastic sheet which is replaced for each new patient. A very good photograph of the board at 1/1 scale can also serve as a test of knowledge of the treatment. The apparatus according to the invention is particularly intended for measuring the patient's knowledge of his treatment, in addition to other methods of measuring drug compliance, during therapeutic trials carried out by the pharmaceutical industry in the development of new molecules. The device is also intended to assist caregivers during the therapeutic monitoring of the patient, in the verification of. good knowledge of the prescribed treatment. The test of knowledge of the treatment is then particularly indicated at the initiation of a new treatment, in the event of failure of the treatment or at the request of the doctor.

Claims (5)

RevendicationsClaims 1) Appareil pour mesurer la connaissance des traitements, caractérisé par une planche sur laquelle sont collées les pilules prescrites et d'autres pilules appelées pilules jumelles, ayant comme particularité de ressembler aux pilules prescrites.1) Apparatus for measuring the knowledge of the treatments, characterized by a board on which the prescribed pills and other pills called twin pills are stuck, having the particularity of resembling the prescribed pills. 2) Appareil selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la pilule jumelle provient soit d'une autre spécialité pharmaceutique, soit d'un autre dosage de la pilule prescrite, soit d'une modification artificielle de couleur ou de forme d'une pilule.2) Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the twin pill comes either from another pharmaceutical specialty, or from another dosage of the prescribed pill, or from an artificial modification of color or shape of a pill. 3) Appareil selon les revendications 1 et 2 recouvert d'une feuille plastique transparente sur laquelle le patient doit entourer les pilules qui lui ont été prescrites ainsi que la. posologie qui lui aura été recommendée pour chaque pilule.3) Apparatus according to claims 1 and 2 covered with a transparent plastic sheet on which the patient must surround the pills which have been prescribed as well as the. recommended dosage for each pill. 4) Appareil selon les revendications 1, 2 et 3 caractérisé par le fait que l'emplacement sur la planche du jumeau par rapport à la pilule prescrite est dicté par leur degré de ressemblance. Le jumeau est collé d'autant plus près de la pilule prescrite qu'ils se ressemblent.4) Apparatus according to claims 1, 2 and 3 characterized in that the location on the board of the twin relative to the prescribed pill is dictated by their degree of resemblance. The twin is stuck the closer to the prescribed pill they look alike. 5) Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'une photographie couleur d'échelle 1/1 de cette planche de connaissance du traitement peut en elle-même constituer un appareil de test de connaissance du traitement.5) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a 1/1 scale color photograph of this treatment knowledge board can in itself constitute a treatment knowledge test device.
FR0007807A 2000-06-19 2000-06-19 APPARATUS FOR MEASURING KNOWLEDGE OF MEDICINAL TREATMENT Expired - Fee Related FR2810235B1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1195534A (en) * 1966-07-18 1970-06-17 John Rae Drug Packs
EP0710917A1 (en) * 1994-11-04 1996-05-08 Eli Lilly And Company Method and apparatus for administering clinical trial material
US5572421A (en) * 1987-12-09 1996-11-05 Altman; Louis Portable medical questionnaire presentation device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1195534A (en) * 1966-07-18 1970-06-17 John Rae Drug Packs
US5572421A (en) * 1987-12-09 1996-11-05 Altman; Louis Portable medical questionnaire presentation device
EP0710917A1 (en) * 1994-11-04 1996-05-08 Eli Lilly And Company Method and apparatus for administering clinical trial material

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FR2810235B1 (en) 2002-08-30

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