FR2802572A1 - Diesel engine exhaust particle filter regenerator uses fuel post-injection during expansion phase and heater immediately before filter - Google Patents

Diesel engine exhaust particle filter regenerator uses fuel post-injection during expansion phase and heater immediately before filter Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2802572A1
FR2802572A1 FR9916172A FR9916172A FR2802572A1 FR 2802572 A1 FR2802572 A1 FR 2802572A1 FR 9916172 A FR9916172 A FR 9916172A FR 9916172 A FR9916172 A FR 9916172A FR 2802572 A1 FR2802572 A1 FR 2802572A1
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Prior art keywords
filter
temperature
engine
post
particles
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FR9916172A
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French (fr)
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FR2802572B1 (en
Inventor
Bertrand Figueras
Joel Michelin
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ECIA Equipements et Composants pour lIndustrie Automobile SA
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ECIA Equipements et Composants pour lIndustrie Automobile SA
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Priority to FR9916172A priority Critical patent/FR2802572B1/en
Priority to DE10085316T priority patent/DE10085316T1/en
Priority to PCT/FR2000/003109 priority patent/WO2001046568A2/en
Priority to AU15281/01A priority patent/AU1528101A/en
Publication of FR2802572A1 publication Critical patent/FR2802572A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
    • F02D41/402—Multiple injections
    • F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The regenerator for a particle filter (22) in a vehicle diesel engine exhaust pipe (18) has an injector (14) for an additive to lower the combustion temperature of the soot and a system for raising the temperature of the exhaust gases. The latter comprises a post-injection unit (28) for delivering fuel to the engine cylinders during the expansion phase and a heater (24) located immediately before the particle filter, both activated at the same time. The post-injector is designed to raise the exhaust gas temperature to between 200 and 300 deg C, with the heater raising it to over 500 deg C. The exhaust system also incorporates an oxydising catalyzer (16) between the outlet from the engine (10) and the filter, contaiming a precious metal charge of between 0.35 and 1.77 g/l.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de régénération d'un fil tre <B>à</B> particules d'une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur Diesel, du type com portant<B>:</B> moyens d'injection d'un additif adapté pour abaisser la tempé rature combustion des suies <B>;</B> et moyens d'élévation de la température des gaz d'échappement en amont filtre<B>à</B> particules. The present invention relates to a device for regenerating a particulate filter from an exhaust line of a diesel engine, of the type comprising the following: ## EQU1 ## injection of an additive adapted to lower the soot combustion temperature <B>; </ B> and means of raising the temperature of the exhaust gas upstream filter <B> to </ B> particles.

Afin préserver l'environnement, il est souhaité de nos jours que véhicules automobiles équipés d'un moteur Diesel disposent de moyens dépollution gaz d'échappement.<B>A</B> cet effet, un filtre<B>à</B> particules est ins tallé sur la ligne d'échappement afin de retenir sur sa face amont les parti cules de sui produites par le moteur. In order to preserve the environment, it is desired nowadays that motor vehicles equipped with a diesel engine have means for abatement of exhaust gases. <B> A </ B> this effect, a filter <B> to </ B particles is installed on the exhaust line in order to retain on its upstream face the sui particles produced by the engine.

<B>Il</B> convient, lors du fonctionnement du véhicule, de procéder<B>à</B> régénération périodique du filtre<B>à</B> particules afin d'éviter un colmatage une obturation du filtre<B>à</B> particules qui, s'il n'est pas régénéré, crée baisse importante des performances du moteur. <B> It </ B> is suitable, during the operation of the vehicle, to proceed <B> to </ B> periodic regeneration of the filter <B> to </ B> particles in order to avoid clogging a clogging of the filter < B> to </ B> particles that, if not regenerated, creates significant drop in engine performance.

Pour procéder<B>à</B> une telle régénération, il est connu de prévoir en amont filtre<B>à</B> particules une source de chaleur constituée, par exemple, d'une resistance électrique permettant, par un apport local de chaleur sur la face amont du filtre de provoquer une auto-inflammation des suies au voisi nage immediat des points chauds, puis une propagation de la combustion par auto-inflammation sur toute la surface amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules. To proceed <B> to </ B> such a regeneration, it is known to provide upstream filter <B> to </ B> particles a heat source consisting, for example, of an electrical resistance allowing, by a contribution Heat local on the upstream face of the filter to cause self-ignition of soot in the immediate vicinity of hot spots, then a spread of combustion by auto-ignition over the entire upstream surface of the filter <B> to </ B> particles.

Afin faciliter la régénération du filtre, il convient d'ajouter au carbu rant alimentant le moteur un additif permettant d'abaisser la température de combustion suies. En particulier, cet additif permet de réduire la tempé rature combustion d'environ<B>150'C,</B> amenant celle-ci<B>à</B> une température proche 50011C. To facilitate the regeneration of the filter, it is necessary to add to the fuel supplying the engine an additive to lower the combustion temperature soot. In particular, this additive makes it possible to reduce the combustion temperature by approximately <B> 150 ° C., <B> bringing it <B> to </ B> a temperature close to 500 ° C.

Toutefois, un agencement tel que décrit ci-dessus nécessite, pour qu'il<B>y</B> ait une auto-inflammation des suies, une couche de suies d'une épaisseur suffisante, cette épaisseur étant de plus variable en fonction de température des gaz d'échappement. Ainsi, on constate que, lors de la re- génération <B>à</B> une température moyenne, de l'ordre de<B>250'C,</B> l'efficacité du dispositif de<B>70 à 90 %.</B> De plus, l'efficacité de la régénération est très médiocre et notamment inférieure<B>à 50 %,</B> lorsque la température des d'échappement est inférieure<B>à</B> 1500C, température constatée lors d'une lisation urbaine du véhicule. However, an arrangement as described above requires, for it <B> y </ B> to self-ignite soot, a soot layer of sufficient thickness, this thickness being moreover variable depending temperature of the exhaust gas. Thus, it is found that, during the regeneration <B> at </ B> an average temperature, of the order of <B> 250'C, </ B> the efficiency of the device <B> 70 at 90%. </ B> In addition, the efficiency of the regeneration is very poor and in particular <50% lower, </ B> when the temperature of the exhaust is lower <B> than </ B > 1500C, temperature observed during an urbanization of the vehicle.

<B>Il</B> a par ailleurs été envisagé un autre dispositif de régénération filtre<B>à</B> particules. Celui-ci comporte également des moyens d'ajout d'un ditif permettant d'abaisser la température de combustion des suies dans le carburant alimentant le moteur. Ce dispositif comporte en outre des moyens d'injection de carburant dans le moteur en phase de détente. <B> It </ B> has been considered another device regeneration filter <B> to </ B> particles. It also includes means for adding a ditif for lowering the combustion temperature of the soot in the fuel supplying the engine. This device further comprises means for injecting fuel into the engine during the expansion phase.

Pour permettre une auto-inflammation des suies, lorsque le filtre<B>à</B> particules est recouvert d'une épaisseur suffisante de suies, le dispositif comporte en outre un catalyseur d'oxydation installé en sortie du moteur en amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules. Ce catalyseur d'oxydation crée une post- combution supplémentaire traitant les hydrocarbures imbrûlés issus de la post-injection. Ainsi, la post-injection, combinée<B>à</B> l'action du catalyseur d'oxydation, crée une élévation de la température des gaz d'échappement comprise entre<B>200'C</B> et 250'C, Toutefois, pour obtenir une telle augmenta tion de température, la charge en métaux précieux du catalyseur d'oxydation doit être très importante. En particulier, celle-ci doit être supérieure<B>à 3,53</B> <B>(100</B> g/pied <B>3).</B> To allow self-ignition of the soot, when the filter <B> to </ B> particles is covered with a sufficient thickness of soot, the device further comprises an oxidation catalyst installed at the outlet of the engine upstream of the filter <B> to </ B> particles. This oxidation catalyst creates an additional post-treatment treating the unburnt hydrocarbons resulting from the post-injection. Thus, the post-injection, combined <B> with </ B> the action of the oxidation catalyst, creates an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas between <B> 200'C </ B> and 250 However, to achieve such a temperature increase, the precious metal charge of the oxidation catalyst must be very high. In particular, it must be greater than <3.53 </ B> (100 </ b> g / foot <B> 3). </ B>

De plus, on constate que, dans le cas d'une utilisation exclusivement urbaine du véhicule, ou encore lors d'un fonctionnement particulier de celui ci lorsque la température des gaz d'échappement n'excède pas<B>150'C</B> il n'est pas possible de procéder<B>à</B> une régénération du filtre<B>à</B> particules, la température des gaz<B>y</B> circulant n'étant pas suffisante. In addition, it can be seen that, in the case of an exclusively urban use of the vehicle, or even during a particular operation thereof when the temperature of the exhaust gas does not exceed <B> 150 ° C </ B> it is not possible to proceed <B> to </ B> a regeneration of the filter <B> to </ B> particles, the temperature of the gases <B> y </ B> circulating not being sufficient .

Ainsi, le filtre se charge progressivement en suies, ce qui engendre une contre-pression importante<B>à</B> l'échappement, occasionnant une baisse importante performances du moteur et une augmentation de la<B>-</B> sommation specifique du moteur. Thus, the filter is gradually loaded into soot, which generates a significant back-pressure <B> to </ B> the exhaust, causing a significant drop in engine performance and an increase in the <B> - </ B> specific summation of the engine.

Ainsi, premier dispositif décrit ci-dessus n'est pas véritablement satisfaisant le second dispositif envisagé ne fonctionne pas dans certai nes conditions, notamment lorsque les gaz d'échappement en sortie du moteur sont<B>à</B> de basses températures, ce qui interdit son utilisation. L'invention a pour but de proposer un dispositif de régéneration d'un filtre<B>à</B> particules assurant une régénération efficace du filtre a particules quelles soient les conditions d'utilisation du moteur. Thus, the first device described above is not really satisfactory, the second device envisaged does not operate under certain conditions, in particular when the exhaust gas leaving the engine is <B> at </ B> low temperatures, which prohibits its use. The purpose of the invention is to propose a device for regenerating a filter <B> to </ B> particles ensuring an efficient regeneration of the particulate filter whatever the conditions of use of the engine.

<B>A</B> effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de régéneration d'un filtre<B>à</B> particules d'une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur Diesel, du type précité, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens d'élévation de la température des gaz d'échappement comportent<B>:</B> moyens activables de post-injection de carburant dans le mo teur en phase de détente pour provoquer une post-combustion dans les cy lindres<B>-</B> <B>-</B> moins une source de chaleur disposée immédiatement en amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules<B>;</B> et <B>-</B> des moyens d'activation simultanée des moyens de post injection et de la source de chaleur. <B> A </ B> Indeed, the subject of the invention is a device for regenerating a filter <B> to </ B> particles of an exhaust line of a diesel engine, of the aforementioned type, characterized in that said means for raising the temperature of the exhaust gases comprise <B>: </ B> activatable means of post-fuel injection into the engine in the expansion phase to cause an afterburner in the cy linders <B> - </ B> <B> - </ B> minus a heat source immediately upstream of the <B> to </ B> particle <B>; </ B> and <B> - </ B> simultaneous activation means of the post injection means and the heat source.

Suivant des modes particuliers de réalisation, le dispositif de régéné ration comporte l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes<B>:</B> il comporte un catalyseur d'oxydation placé sur la ligne d'échappe ment sortie du moteur et en amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules<B>-,</B> <B>-</B> la charge en métaux précieux du catalyseur d'oxydation est com prise entre<B>0,35</B> et<B>1,77</B> g/l <B>(10</B> et<B>50</B> g/pied) <B>;</B> <B>-</B> lesdits moyens de post-injection sont adaptés pour injecter une quantité de carburant suffisante pour obtenir une augmentation la tempé rature gaz d'échappement comprise entre<B>200'C</B> et<B>300'C</B> ; <B>-</B> ou chaque source de chaleur est adaptée pour obtenir une aug mentation de la température des gaz d'échappement dans la région de la face amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules située en regard de chaque source jusqu'à une valeur supérieure<B>à 500'C.</B> According to particular embodiments, the regeneration device comprises one or more of the following characteristics: it comprises an oxidation catalyst placed on the exhaust line leaving the engine and upstream of the <B> to </ B> Particles <B> -, </ B> <B> - </ B> charge the precious metal of the oxidation catalyst is between <B> 0.35 </ B> and <B> 1.77 </ B> g / l <B> (10 </ B> and <B> 50 </ B> g / foot) <B>; </ B> <B> - </ B> said post-injection means are adapted to inject a sufficient quantity of fuel to obtain an increase in the exhaust gas temperature between <B> 200 ° C </ B> and <B> 300 ° C < / B>; <B> - </ B> where each heat source is adapted to obtain an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas in the region of the upstream face of the filter <B> to </ B> particles located opposite each source up to a value greater than 500'C. </ B>

L'invention sera mieux comprise<B>à</B> la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement<B>à</B> titre d'exemple et faite en se réferant <B>à</B> la<B>fi-</B> gure unique qui est une vue schématique d'un moteur Diesel d'une ligne d'échappement équipée d'un dispositif selon l'invention. The invention will be better understood by reading the description which will follow, given only as an example and made by referring to <B> to </ B> the <B> fi - </ B> single gure which is a schematic view of a diesel engine of an exhaust line equipped with a device according to the invention.

Sur la figure<B>1</B> est représenté un moteur Diesel<B>10</B> formé par exemple par un moteur de propulsion d'un véhicule automobile. Ce moteur est ali- menté depuis un réservoir de carburant 12. Le réservoir est équipé moyens 14 d'injection dans le carburant d'un additif permettant d'abaisser température de combustion des suies. Les moyens 14 assurent le maintien d'une concentration adaptée de l'additif dans le carburant. L'additif est exemple du cérium. In the figure <B> 1 </ B> is shown a diesel engine <B> 10 </ B> formed for example by a propulsion engine of a motor vehicle. This engine is fed from a fuel tank 12. The tank is equipped with means 14 for injecting into the fuel an additive that makes it possible to lower the soot combustion temperature. The means 14 ensure the maintenance of a suitable concentration of the additive in the fuel. The additive is an example of cerium.

Immédiatement en sortie du moteur<B>10,</B> c'est-à-dire en sortie de culasse de celui-ci est installé un catalyseur d'oxydation<B>16</B> contenant métaux précieux tels que le platine. Le catalyseur d'oxydation est faiblement <B>3</B> chargé en métaux précieux, sa charge étant comprise entre<B>10</B> et<B>80</B> g/pied <B>.</B> la ligne d'échappement notée<B>18</B> prolongeant le catalyseur d'oxy dation est disposé un volume d'échappement 20<B>à</B> l'intérieur duquel prévu filtre<B>à</B> particules 22. Au moins une source de chaleur 24 est tallée <B>à</B> l'intérieur du volume d'échappement 20 en regard de la face amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules est. La ou chaque source de chaleur 24 est formée exemple une résistance électrique. Chacune des sources de chaleur commandee par une unité centrale de pilotage<B>26.</B> Immediately at the output of the engine <B> 10, </ B> that is to say at the outlet of the cylinder head thereof is installed an oxidation catalyst <B> 16 </ B> containing precious metals such as the platinum. The oxidation catalyst is weakly <B> 3 </ B> charged with precious metals, its charge being between <B> 10 </ B> and <B> 80 </ B> g / foot <B>. < / B> the exhaust line marked <B> 18 </ B> extending the oxidation catalyst is arranged an exhaust volume 20 <B> to </ B> within which provided filter <B> to Particles 22. At least one heat source 24 is taller <B> than </ B> within the exhaust volume 20 opposite the upstream face of the filter <B> to </ B> particles is. The or each heat source 24 is formed for example an electrical resistance. Each of the heat sources controlled by a central control unit <B> 26. </ B>

En outre, des moyens<B>28</B> de post-injection de carburant dans le teur en phase de détente sont installés sur le moteur<B>10.</B> Ces moyens d'in jection<B>28</B> sont reliés<B>à</B> l'unité centrale de pilotage<B>26.</B> In addition, fuel injection post-injection means <B> 28 </ B> are installed on the engine <B> 10. </ B> These injection means <B> 28 </ B> are linked <B> to </ B> the central control unit <B> 26. </ B>

Dans la pratique, ces moyens d'injection sont formés par les injec teurs du moteur associés<B>à</B> une logique de commande adaptée pour<B>-</B> mettre une injection supplémentaire de carburant<B>à</B> des instants détermines du fonctionnement du moteur. Ces instants déterminés se trouvent pendant la phase de détente du moteur. In practice, these injection means are formed by the associated engine injectors <B> to </ B> a control logic adapted to <B> - </ B> put an additional fuel injection <B> to </ B> determined times of engine operation. These determined moments are during the engine expansion phase.

L'unité centrale de pilotage<B>26</B> est adaptée pour activer simultané ment moyens d'injection<B>28</B> et la source de chaleur 24 lors des phases de régenération du filtre<B>à</B> particules. The central control unit <B> 26 </ B> is adapted to simultaneously activate the injection means <B> 28 </ B> and the heat source 24 during the regeneration phases of the filter <B> to < Particles.

Le dispositif décrit ici fonctionne de la manière suivante. The device described here operates as follows.

Lors d'une phase de régénération du filtre<B>à</B> particules, alors que le moteur<B>10</B> est en fonctionnement, les moyens<B>28</B> procèdent<B>à</B> une post injection de carburant dans les cylindres du moteur, lors des phases de tente de celui-ci. Cette post-injection provoque une augmentation de la pérature des gaz en sortie du moteur. Simultanément, les sources de cha- leur 24 sont mises en action, augmentant également la température des immédiatement en amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules. La température des d'échappement est alors suffisante pour créer une auto-inflammation suies sur sa surface amont, cette auto-inflammation se propageant sur semble la surface du filtre<B>à</B> particules. During a regeneration phase of the filter <B> to </ B> particles, while the engine <B> 10 </ B> is in operation, means <B> 28 </ B> proceed <B> to </ B> a post injection of fuel in the cylinders of the engine, during the tent phases of it. This post-injection causes an increase in the gas temperature at the output of the engine. Simultaneously, the heat sources 24 are activated, also increasing the temperature of the immediately upstream of the <B> to </ B> particles. The exhaust temperature is then sufficient to create self-ignition soot on its upstream surface, this auto-ignition propagating on appears the surface of the filter <B> to </ B> particles.

exemple, lorsque le moteur<B>10</B> fonctionne en dehors des phases de régenération du filtre<B>à</B> particules avec des températures de gaz d'échap pement inférieures<B>à 1500C,</B> le dispositif permet, par la post-injection asso ciée <B>à</B> l'action du catalyseur d'oxydation, d'augmenter la température gaz de<B>250'C</B> dans la ligne d'échappement<B>18.</B> Ces gaz sont alors<B>à</B> 400'C. Les sources de chaleur 24 apportent localement l'énergie calorifique quante pour provoquer l'auto-inflammation des suies sur la face amont filtre<B>à</B> particules, cette dernière étant obtenue<B>à</B> environ 500"C du fait l'alimentation du moteur avec un carburant auquel est ajouté l'additif abais sant la température de combustion des suies. for example, when the <B> 10 </ B> engine is operating outside the Regeneration Phase of the <B> to </ B> Particle Filter with lower exhaust gas temperatures <B> at 1500C, </ B the device allows, by the post-injection associated with the action of the oxidation catalyst, to increase the gas temperature of <B> 250 ° C in the line of Exhaust <B> 18. </ B> These gases are then <B> at </ B> 400'C. The heat sources 24 locally provide heat energy quante to cause the self-ignition of soot on the upstream face filter <B> to </ B> particles, the latter being obtained <B> to </ B> about 500 "C because the engine supply with a fuel to which is added the additive lowering the soot combustion temperature.

Plus généralement, les moyens de post-injection sont adaptés pour injecter une quantité de carburant suffisante pour obtenir une augmentation de la température des gaz d'échappement comprise entre<B>200'C</B> et<B>300'C.</B> More generally, the post-injection means are adapted to inject a sufficient quantity of fuel to obtain an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas between <B> 200 ° C </ B> and <B> 300 ° C. </ B>

même, la ou chaque source de chaleur est adaptée pour fournir localement une énergie calorifique d'environ<B>1,5</B> kVV, ce qui permet d'obtenir une augmentation de la température des gaz d'échappement dans la région de la face amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules située en regard de chaque source, jusqu Le une dispositif valeur supérieure décrit ici présente <B>à</B> 500 < 'C. les <B>-</B> avantages suivants, La combustion des suies s'effectue avec une efficacité améliorée par rapport aux deux dispositifs de l'état de la technique pris séparément. even, the or each heat source is adapted to locally provide a heat energy of approximately <B> 1.5 </ B> kVV, which makes it possible to obtain an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gases in the region from the upstream side of the <B> to </ B> particle located next to each source, up to a higher value device described herein has <B> to </ B> 500 <'C. the following advantages, The combustion of soot occurs with improved efficiency compared to the two devices of the state of the art taken separately.

En effet, alors que l'un marche de manière non satisfaisante et l'autre ne fonctionne pas pour de faibles températures des gaz en sortie moteur, le dispositif selon l'invention fonctionne de manière satisfaisante la totalité la plage de températures de fonctionnement du moteur. Indeed, while one operates unsatisfactorily and the other does not work for low engine exhaust gas temperatures, the device according to the invention operates satisfactorily the entire operating temperature range of the engine .

diminution de la contre-pression dans la ligne d'échappement est constatee. Celle-ci permet un gain de consommation. Une diminution de la masse de suie nécessaire<B>à</B> la régénération du filtre<B>à</B> particules est possible par mise en #uvre de l'invention, ce qui per- d'augmenter la durée de vie du filtre. decrease in the back pressure in the exhaust line is observed. This allows a gain in consumption. A decrease in the mass of soot necessary for the regeneration of the filter to particles is possible by implementing the invention, which increases the duration filter life.

En particulier, on constate que, avec une source de chaleur disposée amont du filtre mais sans post-injection de carburant lors de l'initiation de la régénération du filtre<B>à</B> particules, il convient, pour que le taux de régéné ration soit bon, que la masse de suie retenue sur le filtre<B>à</B> particules soit très importante. In particular, it is found that, with a heat source disposed upstream of the filter but without post-fuel injection during the initiation of the regeneration of the filter <B> to </ B> particles, it is appropriate, for the rate Regeneration is good, so the mass of soot retained on the filter <B> to </ B> particles is very important.

Par exemple, une masse de 45<B>g</B> de suie dans un filtre<B>à</B> particules de taille standard permet d'obtenir sans post-injection, uniquement par activa tion de la source de chaleur amont, un taux de régéneration supérieur<B>à</B> même si la température des gaz d'échappement n' que de l'ordre de <B>200'C</B> en entrée. For example, a mass of 45 <B> g </ B> of soot in a filter <B> to </ B> particles of standard size allows to obtain without post-injection, only by activation of the heat source upstream, a regeneration rate greater than <B> to </ B> even if the temperature of the exhaust gases is only of the order of <B> 200'C </ B> as input.

En revanche, pour une masse de suie de<B>30g</B> dans un filtre identique précédent, et même avec des gaz d'échappement<B>à</B> température de l'ordre de<B>280'C,</B> le taux de régénération n'est que d'environ<B>30%.</B> On the other hand, for a soot mass of <B> 30g </ B> in a previous identical filter, and even with exhaust gases <B> at </ B> temperature of the order of <B> 280 ' C, </ B> the regeneration rate is only about <B> 30%. </ B>

Par mise en #uvre de l'invention, c'est-à-dire par activation conjointe d'une source de chaleur et d'une post-injection de carburant lors de la phase de régénération, un taux de régénération supérieur<B>à 90 %</B> pour un filtre<B>à</B> particules de taille standard est obtenu même avec des températures initia les de l'ordre de 200"C et une quantité de suie de<B>30 g.</B>By implementing the invention, that is to say by joint activation of a heat source and a fuel post-injection during the regeneration phase, a higher regeneration rate <B> at 90% </ B> for a <B> to </ B> particle of standard size is obtained even with initial temperatures of the order of 200 "C and a soot amount of <B> 30 g. </ B>

Claims (1)

<B><U>REVENDICATIONS</U></B> <B>1.-</B> Dispositif de régénération d'un filtre<B>à</B> particules d'une ligne d'échappement<B>(18)</B> d'un moteur Diesel<B>(Il 0)</B> du type comportant -. <B>-</B> des moyens (14) d'injection d'un additif adapté pour abaisser la température de combustion des suies <B>;</B> et moyens d'élévation de la température des gaz d'échappement en amont filtre<B>à</B> particules (22), caractérise en ce que lesdits moyens d'élévation de la température des d'échappement comportent: <B>-</B> des moyens activables <B>(28)</B> de post-injection de carburant dans moteur<B>0)</B> en phase de détente pour provoquer une post-combustion dans les cylindres -, <B>-</B> moins une source de chaleur (24) disposée immédiatement amont filtre<B>à</B> particules (22)<B>;</B> et moyens<B>(26)</B> d'activation simultanée des moyens de post- injection <B>(28)</B> et de la source de chaleur (24). 2.- Dispositif selon la revendication<B>1,</B> caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un catalyseur d'oxydation<B>(16)</B> placé sur la ligne d'échappement<B>(18)</B> en sor tie du moteur<B>(10)</B> et en amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules (22). <B>3.-</B> Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la charge en métaux précieux du catalyseur d'oxydation est comprise entre<B>0,35</B> et <B>1,77</B> g/l <B>(10</B> et<B>50</B> g/pied <B>3) </B> 4.- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de post-injection <B>(28)</B> sont adaptés pour injecter une quantité de carburant suffisante pour obtenir une aug mentation la température des gaz d'échappement comprise entre<B>200'C</B> et<B>300'C.</B> <B>5.-</B> Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé ce que la ou chaque source de chaleur (24) est adaptée pour obtenir une augmentation de la température des gaz d'échappement dans la région de la face amont du filtre<B>à</B> particules située en regard de chaque source jusqu'à une valeur supérieure<B>à</B> 500"C. <B> <U> CLAIMS </ U> </ B> <B> 1 .- </ B> Device for regeneration of a filter <B> to </ B> particles of an exhaust line <B > (18) </ B> of a diesel engine <B> (Il 0) </ B> of the type comprising -. <B> - </ B> means (14) for injecting an additive suitable for lowering the soot combustion temperature <B>; </ B> and means for raising the temperature of the exhaust gas upstream filter <B> to </ B> particles (22), characterized in that said means for raising the temperature of the exhaust include: <B> - </ B> activatable means <B> (28) ) </ B> post-fuel injection into engine <B> 0) </ B> in the expansion phase to cause post-combustion in the cylinders -, <B> - </ B> minus a heat source (24) arranged immediately upstream <B> to </ B> particles (22) <B>; </ B> and means <B> (26) </ B> simultaneous activation of the post-injection means < B> (28) </ B> and the heat source (24). 2.- Device according to claim <B> 1, </ B> characterized in that it comprises an oxidation catalyst <B> (16) </ B> placed on the exhaust line <B> (18) ) </ B> when leaving the <B> (10) </ B> engine and upstream of the <B> to </ B> particle filter (22). <B> 3 .- </ B> Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the precious metal charge of the oxidation catalyst is between <B> 0.35 </ B> and <B> 1.77 </ B> g / l <B> (10 </ B> and <B> 50 </ B> g / foot <B> 3) </ B> 4.- Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said post-injection means <B> (28) </ B> are adapted to inject a sufficient quantity of fuel to obtain an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas between <B> 200'C < / B> and <B> 300'C. </ B> <B> 5 .- </ B> Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or each heat source (24) is adapted to to obtain an increase in exhaust gas temperature in the area from the upstream face of the <B> to </ B> particle located next to each source to a value greater than <B> to </ B> 500 "C.
FR9916172A 1999-12-21 1999-12-21 DEVICE FOR REGENERATING A PARTICLE FILTER OF AN EXHAUST LINE OF A DIESEL ENGINE Expired - Fee Related FR2802572B1 (en)

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FR9916172A FR2802572B1 (en) 1999-12-21 1999-12-21 DEVICE FOR REGENERATING A PARTICLE FILTER OF AN EXHAUST LINE OF A DIESEL ENGINE
DE10085316T DE10085316T1 (en) 1999-12-21 2000-11-08 Device for regeneration of a particle filter in an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine
PCT/FR2000/003109 WO2001046568A2 (en) 1999-12-21 2000-11-08 Device for regenerating a particle filter of an exhaust line of a diesel engine
AU15281/01A AU1528101A (en) 1999-12-21 2000-11-08 Device for regenerating a particle filter of an exhaust line of a diesel engine

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FR2872208A1 (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-30 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa SYSTEM FOR AIDING THE REGENERATION OF DEPOLLUTION MEANS INTEGRATED IN AN EXHAUST LINE
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EP1426592A2 (en) * 2002-11-28 2004-06-09 HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. An exhaust gas purification device
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FR2872214A1 (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-30 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE REGENERATION OF MEANS OF DEPOLLUTION
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WO2006005870A1 (en) * 2004-06-23 2006-01-19 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa System for assisting regeneration of pollution management means in an exhaust line
US7493755B2 (en) 2004-06-23 2009-02-24 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa System for assisting the regeneration of depollution means for a motor vehicle engine
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US7716923B2 (en) 2004-06-23 2010-05-18 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa System for assisting regeneration of pollution management means in an exhaust line

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AU1528101A (en) 2001-07-03

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