FR2788819A1 - Fracture apparatus for breaking metallic connecting rod used in internal combustion engine has two stops in contact with internal wall of rod collar and attached to jaw - Google Patents

Abstract

Metallic rod (1) has elongated body (2) with butt (3) and cylindrical aperture (4) guiding jaws (13, 14) into correct position. Fracture apparatus (10) includes two stops (22, 23) in contact with external wall of collar (3a) of rod and attached to one jaw. Rod is sectioned into half-circular collar (3a) and additional section (3b) attached to elongated body.

Description

The present invention relates to a device

  for breaking a single piece, breakable metal rod.

  The breakable metal rods, for example for internal combustion engines, are generally produced by forging using a forging press, provided with tools making it possible to obtain a monobloc rod from

of a draft.

  The connecting rods obtained have an elongated body provided at one end with a head through which a passage passes.

cylindrical.

  To allow the mounting of this type of connecting rods on a crankshaft, it is known to break the connecting rod head

  along a diameter of the cylindrical passage.

  For this, it is known to use a device

  of breaking which comprises two jaws intended to be position-

  born in the cylindrical passage of the head and separable

  each other by means of a spacer for cas-

  ser the connecting rod according to a diameter of the passage in, on the one hand, a semicircular cap and, on the other hand, in a part

  complementary fork-shaped integral with the extended body

  ge. In the breaking devices used up to

  present, when the connecting rod breaks, the stresses

  gendrés in the rod body are important which

  can cause cracks in this body and even the rup-

  due to the reaction to the breaking torque of the branches

  ches connecting the two elements to be separated. In addition, the case-

  wise one of the branches of the big end can lead

  a deformation at the level of the other branch.

  In these devices, the jaw spacing member is formed by a wedge which penetrates between the two jaws and which is generally displaceable in translation on an intermediate guide system using a jack which

  has the disadvantage of complicating the device and increasing

ter its cost price.

  Finally, in known connecting rod breaking devices, the guidance of the movable jaw is in most cases imprecise, which makes the point of application of random

  the effort on the connecting rod cap.

  The object of the invention is to avoid these inconveniences.

  by proposing a reliable and simple breaking device

  ple to implement. The invention therefore relates to a device for

  breaking of a single piece, breakable metal rod, comprising

  both an elongated body provided at one end with a tra-

  poured by a cylindrical passage intended for the positioning of two jaws separable from each other by means of a spacer member to break said connecting rod along a diameter of the passage into a semicircular cap and into a complementary integral part of the elongated body, characterized in that it comprises two oscillating stop elements in contact with the external face of the cap of the connecting rod and integral

of one of said jaws.

  According to other characteristics of the invention: - the device also comprises two oscillating abutment elements, lateral and opposite, in contact with the external face of the body of the connecting rod, - the two abutment elements in contact with the external face of the cap extend perpendicular to the plane of separation of said cap from the complementary part of the connecting rod, - the two abutment elements in contact with the external face of the body of the connecting rod extend parallel to the plane of separation of the cap from the complementary part of the connecting rod, - the abutment elements are arranged in the plane of said connecting rod, - one of the jaws is fixed and the other of said jaws is movable, - the two abutment elements in contact with the external face of the cap are integral with the movable jaw, the stop elements can be moved in translation under the action of a control member between a retracted position and a projecting position in contact with the connecting rod ,

  - the control member of each bu element

  Tee is formed by a jack, the piston rod of which has a pushing piece that can be moved parallel or perpendicular to

  adjustment to the separation plane of the hat of the com- part

  of the connecting rod and provided with an inclined cooperating pan

  with an inclined face formed on the corresponding stop element

  dant, - each stop element has a fixed or oscillating tip, - the movable jaw is movable in translation by means of a rail, - the spacer is formed by a wedge

  mounted directly on a piston rod of a cylinder.

  The invention will be better understood on reading

  the description which follows, given by way of example and

  made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: - FIG. 1 is a schematic view from above

  a device for breaking a connecting rod, in accordance with the invention

  tion, - Fig. 2 is a schematic side view and partially in section of the device before breaking the connecting rod, - FIG. 3 is a sectional view along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, - Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the control member of a stop element on the cap of the connecting rod, - FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the control member of a stop element on the body of the connecting rod, - FIG. 6 is a schematic side view and partially in section of the device during the breaking of

the connecting rod.

  In Fig. 1, there is schematically shown a device designated as a whole by the reference 10 and which is intended to break a metal rod 1 piece

and breakable.

  Conventionally, such a connecting rod 1 is forged using a forging press, provided with tools making it possible to obtain a one-piece connecting rod from a blank. The connecting rod 1 has an elongated body 2 provided with

  one end of a head 3 crossed by a cylindrical passage

  drique 4 and at the other end, a foot 5 crossed by a cylindrical passage 6 parallel to the cylindrical passage 4 of

head 3.

  In order to mount this connecting rod 1 on a crankshaft

  quin, it is known to break the head 3 along a diameter D of the passage 4 into, on the one hand, a cap 3a in a semicircle and, on the other hand, a complementary part 3b in the form of

  fork integral with the elongated body 2.

  For this and as shown in the figures, the breaking device 10 of the connecting rod 1 consists of a frame 11 on which are mounted support means and

breakage of the connecting rod 1.

  These means comprise an axis 12 intended to be positioned in the cylindrical passage 6 of the foot 5 of the connecting rod 1 and two jaws, respectively 13 and 14, intended to be positioned in the cylindrical passage 4 of the head 3

of said connecting rod 1.

  These jaws 13 and 14 each have the shape of a half

  circle, as shown in Fig. 1.

  In the embodiment shown in the figures, the jaw 13 is fixed and the jaw 14 is movable in

  translation relative to the fixed jaw 13.

  For this purpose, the jaws 13 and 14 are separated from each other by a conical joint plane 15 thus allowing

  the introduction between these jaws 13 and 14 of a spacer

  16 to move the movable jaw 14 in one direction

opposite the fixed jaw 13.

  The fixed jaw 13 is integral with the frame 11 and the movable jaw 14 is, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, fixed on a support 17 which is itself mounted on a rail 18 by means of fixing members 19, such as for example screws. The assembly constituted by the movable jaw 14, the support 17 and the rail 18 is linearly displaceable on the frame 11 which for this purpose has a groove lia of shape

complementary to rail 18.

  The spacer 16 is formed by a wedge

  which is mounted directly on a piston rod 20 of a

rin 21 hydraulic or pneumatic.

  The breaking device 10 comprises elements

  elements for holding the connecting rod 1 during the separation of the cap 3a from the complementary part 3b secured to the

connecting rod body 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the device comprises two stop elements 22 in contact with the

  outer face of the cap 3a of the connecting rod 1.

  In the embodiment shown in the

  Fig. 1, the abutment elements 22 are integral with the jaw

bile 14.

  The stop elements 22 are each movable in translation under the action of a control member designated by the general reference 30 between a retracted position and a projecting position in contact with the external face of the

cap 3a of the connecting rod 1.

  As shown in more detail in FIG. 4, each control member 30 is formed by a jack 31 whose piston rod 32 is movable parallel to the plane of separation of the cap 3a of the complementary part 3b of the connecting rod 1 while the stop element 22 is displaceable

  perpendicular to this separation plane.

  For this, the piston rod 32 includes a pushing piece 33 movable in a slide 34 provided in the support 17 and which is provided with an inclined pan 33a cooperating with an inclined pan 22a formed on the element of

  corresponding stop 22 to move it between the two posi-

  by sliding in a slide 35 provided in the-

says support 17.

  Each stop element 22 has a tip 23

fixed or oscillating.

  The device also has two elements

  lateral and opposite abutments 25, in contact with the face ex-

dull body 2 of rod 1.

  The abutment elements 25 are each movable in translation under the action of a control member designated by the general reference 40 between a retracted position and a projecting position in contact with the external face of the

body 2 of the connecting rod 1.

  As shown in more detail in FIG. 5, each control member 40 is formed by a jack 41 whose piston rod 42 is movable perpendicular to the plane of separation of the cap 3a from the complementary part

  3b of the connecting rod 1 while the stop member 25 is

  can be placed parallel to this separation plane.

  For this, the piston rod 42 includes a pushing piece 43 movable in a slide 44 provided

  in the frame 11 and which is provided with an inclined face 44a coo-

  running with an inclined face 25a formed on the corresponding stop element to move it between the two positions

  by sliding in a slide 45 provided in said base

ti 11.

  Each stop element 22 has a tip 26

fixed or oscillating.

  The two abutment elements 22 in contact with the external face of the cap 3a extend perpendicular to the

  separation plan of this hat 3a from the complementary part

  keep silent 3b and the two abutment elements 25 in contact with the

  external face of the body 2 of the connecting rod 1 extend parallel-

ment to said separation plan.

  In addition, the abutment elements 22 and 25 are arranged in the same plane which is that defined by the plane

of the connecting rod 1.

  According to a variant, each stop element comprises

  carries an oscillating endpiece which is displaceable in translation when the connecting rod is fitted and which is kept in contact against the corresponding part of said connecting rod by a return member such as for example a spring or the like.

be the appropriate body.

  To break the rod 1, i.e. separate the

  cap 3a of the complementary part 3b using the device

  sitive 10 previously described, the connecting rod 1 is positioned on this device by introducing, on the one hand, the axis 12 in the cylindrical passage 6 of the foot 5 and, on the other hand, the jaws 13 and 14 in the cylindrical passage 4 of head 3 of

the connecting rod 1.

  Then, the stop elements 22 are applied to the external face of the cap 3a and the stop elements are applied to the external face of the body 2 of the

  connecting rod 1 by actuating the jacks 31 and 41.

  Under the action of the jacks 31, each thrust piece 33 moves in a slide 34 in order to move the corresponding stop element 22 by means of the

inclined faces 22a and 33a.

  Similarly, under the action of the jacks 41, each pushing piece 43 moves in a slide 44 in order to

  move the corresponding stop element 25 by means of

  diary of the inclined faces 25a and 44a.

  After positioning the connecting rod 1, the jack 21 is actuated so as to introduce the wedge 16 between the

fixed jaw 13 and the movable jaw 14.

  Thus, this movable jaw 14 moves away from the fixed jaw

  13 and the displacement of this movable jaw 14 is guided linearly.

  by the support 17, the rail 18 and the groove lia mena-

in the frame 11.

  The spacing of the jaws 13 and 14 causes the case-

  sage of the rod 1 at the diameter D so as to separate

  the cap 3a of the complementary part 3b secured

of the foot 2 of said connecting rod 1.

  The combined action of the stop elements 22 and makes it possible to limit the stresses in the body of the

connecting rod 1.

  Indeed, when the first branch, for example-

  ple 3c, breaks, the stop element 22 on the side of the broken branch 3c exerts a force on the latter. The lateral stop element 25 on the side opposite to the broken branch 3c then causes a reaction which limits the stresses passing through the

body 2 of the connecting rod 1.

  Consequently, the combined action of the stop elements 22 and 25 causes the second branch to break.

  3d almost instantaneously and allows to limit the con-

  tracks in the body 2 of the rod 1 which causes less deformation of the 3d branch before

it does not break.

  Furthermore, the fact that the movable jaw 14 is guided by a rail ensures good precision in the movement of said movable jaw 14 as well as a point

  constant application of the force on the cap 3a.

  Alternatively, the movable jaw can be arranged in place of the fixed jaw and vice versa and in this

  case, the stop elements 22 are placed on the fixed jaw.

  The breaking device according to the invention pre-

  feels the advantage of being reliable and simple to implement

  in particular because the spacer is mounted directly

  on the piston rod of the cylinder.

  Another advantage lies in the fact that the reaction of the breaking torque of the second branch after the breaking of the first branch does not have repercussions on the foot, but is closer to the separation zone between the cap and the complementary part. , which limits

  the stresses in the body of the connecting rod.

Claims (13)

  1. Device for breaking a metal connecting rod (1) which is integral and breakable, comprising an elongated body (2)   provided at one end with a head (3) through which the passage passes   cylindrical sage (4) intended for positioning two jaws (13; 14) separable from each other by means of a member   spacer (16, 20, 21) to break said connecting rod (1)   with a diameter of the passage (4) in a cap (3a) in half   circle and in a complementary part (3b) integral with the elongated body (2), characterized in that it comprises two abutment elements (22, 23) in contact with the external face of the cap (3a) of the connecting rod (1) and in solidarity with one said jaws (13; 14).   2. Device according to claim 1, character-   laughed at in that it also has two stop elements   (25, 26) lateral and opposite, in contact with the face ex-   dull body (2) of the connecting rod (1).   3. Device according to claim 1, character-   laughed in that the two stop elements (22, 23) in con   tact with the outer face of the hat (3a) extend per-   pendulum to the plane of separation of said cap (3a) of   the complementary part (3b) of the connecting rod (1).   4. Device according to claim 1 or 2, ca-   characterized in that the two abutment elements (25, 26) in contact with the external face of the body (2) of the connecting rod (1) extend parallel to the plane of separation of the cap   (3a) of the complementary part (3b) of the connecting rod (1).   5. Device according to any one of the res-   dications previous, characterized in that the stop elements (22, 23; 25, 26) are arranged in the plane of the connecting rod (1).   6. Device according to claim 1, character-   laughed in that one (13) of the jaws (13; 14) is fixed and   the other (14) of said jaws is mobile.   7. Device according to any one of the res-   above, characterized in that the two elements   stop elements (22, 23) in contact with the external face of the   cap (3a) are integral with the movable jaw (14).   8. Device according to any one of the res-   dications previous, characterized in that the stop elements (22, 23; 25, 26) are movable in translation under   the action of a control member (31; 41) between a position   retracted position and a projecting position in contact with the connecting rod (1).   9. Device according to claim 8, character-   laughed at in that the control member of each bu-   tee (22, 23) is formed by a jack (31), the piston rod (32) of which comprises a pushing piece (33) movable parallel to the plane of separation of the cap (3a) of the complementary part (3b) of the connecting rod (1) and provided with an inclined face (33a) cooperating with an inclined face (22a)   on the corresponding stop element (22, 23).   10. Device according to claim 8, charac-   terized in that the control member of each stop element (25, 26) is formed by a jack (41), the piston rod (42) of which comprises a thrust piece (43) movable perpendicular to the plane of separation of the cap (3a) of the complementary part (3b) of the connecting rod (1) and provided with an inclined face (44a) cooperating with an inclined face (25a)   on the corresponding stop element (25, 26).   11. Device according to any one of the res-   previous instructions, characterized in that each element   stop (22; 25) has a fixed or os- bright.   12. Device according to claim 6, charac-   terized in that the movable jaw (14) is movable in   translation by means of a rail (18).   13. Device according to claim 1, charac-   terized in that the spacer is formed by a wedge   (16) mounted directly on a piston rod (20) of a rin (21).