FR2782688A1 - Derailment detection device, comprises a wheel mounted detection bar - Google Patents

Abstract

The detector (13) comprises a wheel mounted body (14) on a bearing (27). A bar (16) extends out from the main body in front of the wheel (10) and is set at a distance (17) above the rail (9). Contact with the rail and the bar completes a circuit and sends a signal to a notification means via a cable (21). An Independent claim is included for a derailment signaling procedure

Description

The invention relates to a derailment detection device, a

  derailment reporting system, a railway vehicle and a derailment reporting method. In general, the invention therefore relates to safety in railway vehicles such as trains, trams

or metropolitan.

  Very recently, accidents have occurred on fast trains, due to derailment of one or more axles. In some of these accidents, the train driver could not be alerted to this derailment, making any intervention impossible.

human on his part.

  The invention therefore aims in particular to solve this technical problem, without having to provide an expensive installation on the track, or heavy, bulky equipment and

  expensive on the railway vehicle.

  To this end, a first object of the invention relates to a device for the physical detection of an axle derailment intended for a rail vehicle such as a train,

metropolitan or tram.

  According to one characteristic, the device comprises: - a body with means for mounting the device on a railway vehicle axle support; - An arm of the body intended to be arranged so as to project at a predetermined distance and in line with the top of a rail, when the axle is in the normal operating position; - at least one deformation zone on the arm, allowing deformation or possibly rupture of the latter when the axle is derailed; an electrically conductive loop, inside the arm and passing through the deformation zone, so that in the event of deformation, at least one rupture of the loop occurs to open the electrical circuit formed by this loop; and - electrical signal transmission means, firstly connected to the input and output loop, and secondly intended to be within a derailment signaling system fitted to the vehicle

rail.

  According to one embodiment, the body is made of material

metallic and / or composite.

  According to another characteristic, the body comprises a housing extended transversely and opening out to a longitudinal elevation face forming part of the fixing means, this housing being capable of ensuring the axle end cover and being able to receive a

rotation speed measurement.

  In one example, the longitudinal elevation face of the fixing means is provided with transverse fixing members and / or transverse fixing orifices, by

example by screwing.

  According to yet another embodiment, the head of the body is fixed to the

  bogie and / or at the axle end.

  According to one embodiment, means of transmission or connection to a derailment signaling system are arranged on the body, for example on a front or rear face of a head of the body, the arm of this body projecting from this same face forward or backward,

respectively.

  According to one embodiment, the body comprises: - a body head intended to be connected either directly to a static part of the vehicle such as a bogie, or indirectly to a static part of the vehicle such as a bogie by means of links, the body head being intended to be connected to the axle by means of a bearing or the like, so that the axle can pivot about its axis freely relative to the head; - an arm with at least two projecting sections and

  arranged one at the end of the other, for example at an elbow.

  According to another characteristic, the arm comprises a distal and so-called end portion, substantially extended transversely, intended to be extended to the right and to the

  predetermined distance mentioned above from the top of the rail.

  According to yet another characteristic, the arm comprises an intermediate part, disposed between a body head and an end part, this intermediate part being substantially extended in a longitudinal direction of the device, for example outside transversely of the

rail right.

  In one embodiment, the device comprises a body head, a part of the so-called starting arm, substantially extended in a direction of elevation, an intermediate part extended from the starting part substantially longitudinally, and an extended end part. from the middle part, substantially

transversely.

  In one embodiment, the deformation zone comprises a preferential deformation section such

  that weakening and / or a breakthrough.

  In one embodiment, the device and in particular the arm comprises a deformable member capable of preventing the fall of the arm in the event of accidental rupture of the latter detaching it from the body, and a resilient part. In one embodiment, at least a part of the arm, and for example the whole of the latter, comprises a hollow profile, for example of polygonal section, such that

square.

  One characteristic provides that the conductive loop has substantially the same profile as the arm, this loop being produced at least in part using a resilient conductor, in particular at the level of the deformation zone. Another characteristic provides that the predetermined distance, for example of the order of 130 mm, is less than the height of the rail, this height being

example of the order of 145 mm.

  A second object of the invention is a derailment signaling system, which comprises: - at least one physical derailment detection device as set out above; - a circuit conducting electrical signals connecting the conductive loops of each of the detection devices, for example in series to form a cascade; and - a rupture detection arrangement of at least one

  loop and signal generator.

  For example, the signal generator is audible and / or luminous and / or causes a safe command, while the arrangement is, for example, a box arranged in a signaling drawer near the cabin.

steering the vehicle.

  According to a characteristic of this system, at least part of the devices are connected in cascade, while the signal generator comprises for example a lamp and / or an audible alarm such as siren perceptible by the

  driver of the vehicle to be equipped by the system.

  A third object of the invention is a rail vehicle, such as a train, metropolitan or tram, comprising at least one physical derailment detection device and / or a signaling system for

derailment as mentioned.

  According to one characteristic, most of the axles of the vehicle can be equipped with a physical derailment detection device and for example all of the

  axles of this vehicle are equipped with such a device.

  A fourth object of the invention relates to a method of signaling derailment of an axle of a railway vehicle, using a device and / or a

  system and / or a vehicle as mentioned above.

  This method provides, in the event of derailment of at least one axle: - that an arm comes into contact with the rail having previously supported this axle, so that this arm supports the load initially supported by the axle, temporarily ; - that under the effect of this carrying, a part of the arm is deformed or possibly broken, causing the opening of an electrically conductive loop of a derailment detection device; - that the rupture of this loop is detected by an arrangement, for example in the cockpit of the vehicle, which generates a safety signal transmitted to a generator; and - upon receipt of this safe signal, the generator emits an audible and / or control and / or light signal

derailment code.

  As can be understood, the invention makes it possible to signal to the pilot of a railway vehicle of which one of the axles

  at least would be derailed that such an accident occurred.

  This allows the pilot to take the necessary action

  within a short time and in particular to slow down its speed.

  While it is also possible to provide automated programmed procedures for the rail vehicle, such as automatic speed deceleration

  programmed and / or braking or the like.

  It is therefore understood that the invention makes it possible to solve the problem mentioned above in a particularly way.

simple and efficient.

  The invention will be better understood from the appended drawings, which represent embodiments given by way of

example.

  In the drawings, Figure 1 is a schematic view in

longitudinal section of a vehicle.

  FIG. 2 illustrates a rail vehicle bogie, in schematic front side perspective, each axle of which is equipped with a physical derailment detection device. Figure 3 is a partially sectional elevation view of an axle detail equipped with a derailment detection device according to the invention, the axle being shown in normal position (lines

  full) and in the derailment position (dashed).

  Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of transverse front elevation of a physical derailment detection device, from which is hung an electrical connection cord of a conductive loop, a

  rail section being shown.

  FIG. 5 is a partial view in cross section of elevation along line V of FIG. 4, of an arm of the derailment detection device according to the invention, and in particular near a deformation zone allowing derailment, breaking a loop

conductive.

  Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of front transverse elevation of such a conductive loop. In the figures, three mutually orthogonal directions L, T and E are shown. The direction L, known as longitudinal, corresponds to the main direction of movement of a vehicle

railway on its rails.

  When these rails are in a straight line, the longitudinal direction L is coincident with that of the rails. We

  presumes, to simplify the description, that management

longitudinal L is horizontal.

  The direction T, also assumed to be horizontal, is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L and corresponds, for example, to the general direction of a

  crosses in a conventional railroad track.

  The transverse T and longitudinal L directions jointly define a plane corresponding to that on

  which the railway vehicle is traveling.

  Direction E, called elevation, is, to simplify,

considered vertical.

  The terms "front" and "rear" are used here with reference to the longitudinal direction L. The terms "interior" and "exterior" are used here with respect to the transverse direction T. The terms "lower" or "bottom" and "upper" or "upper", refer to the direction of elevation E. In FIG. 1 is shown a railway vehicle 1 which notably comprises a leading car 2, at least one

  wagon 3, and a tail car 4.

  Conventionally, a cockpit or cockpit 5 of the rail vehicle 1 is provided in the lead car 2

at least.

  It is common for such a cockpit 5 to be provided with display equipment 6 allowing

  check the operating condition of the vehicles.

  The rail vehicle 1 comprises several bogies 7, conventionally having several axles 8, for example

  example two axles, as shown in figure 2.

  Each axle 8 of a bogie 7 or of the railway vehicle 1 carries wheels which circulate while being guided on a

pair of parallel rails 9.

  In the event of derailment, the wheels of at least one axle 8 leave the rails 9 and a tread 10 comes into contact, either as shown in FIG. 3 with the surface located between the rails 9, or as in a case not illustrated , outside the railway line area

by the two rails 9.

  For the wheels of at least one axle, one of the treads 10 is thus located inside, while the other tread 10 is located outside the

  area of the railway track bordered by the two rails 9.

  Each axle 8 has a transverse axis 11, an external section 12 of which projects transversely towards the outside of the axle 8. This section 12 allows the reception of an axle box secured to a plate connecting to the bogie 7. In Figures 2 to 4, at this same location, is arranged

  a physical derailment detection device 13.

  In the examples illustrated, this device 13 is also

  partly integrated in the axle box.

  The derailment detection device 13 contributes to the safety of the railway vehicle 1 so that, in the event of derailment of one or more axles 8, the driver of the

  rame be alerted to this derailment.

  This device 13 allows physical detection of a

  axle derailment 8 of the rail vehicle 1.

  In FIG. 4, it can be seen that the device 13 comprises: - a body 14 with means 15 for mounting the device 13 on an axle support of the rail vehicle 1; an arm 16 of the body 14 intended to be arranged so as to project at a predetermined distance 17 and in line with the top 18 of a rail 9 when the axle 8 is in the normal operating position, position corresponding to the solid lines on the Figure 3; - At least one deformation zone 19 of the arm 16, allowing a deformation or possibly a rupture of this arm 16 when the axle 8 is in the derailed position, position corresponding to the dashes in FIG. 3; an electrically conductive loop 20, inside the arm 16 and passing through the deformation zone 19, so that in the event of deformation, at least one rupture of the loop occurs to open the electrical circuit formed by this loop 20; and - electrical signal transmission means 21, on the one hand connected to the loop 20 at input 22 and at output 23, and on the other hand intended to be integrated into a derailment signaling system 24 fitted to the vehicle

rail 1.

  In a particular embodiment, on the area 19, an electrical conductor is deposited on a resilient substrate. FIG. 4 shows an electrical contact socket 43,

  which allows the electrical disconnection of the device.

  The body 14 can be made of metallic and / or composite material. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the body 14 comprises a housing 25 extended transversely and opening out to a face 26 of longitudinal elevation forming part of the mounting means 15. This housing 25 is capable of ensuring the end cover d and protect the axle end bearing such as bearing 27

visible in figure 3.

  In this embodiment, the elevation face 26 of the mounting means 15 is provided with transverse orifices 29 for fixing, here by screwing, for the reception of members

  transverse fixing not shown.

  It is also noted that the transmission or connection means 21 are arranged on the body 14, on a rear face 28 of the head 30, the arm 16 projecting from

this same face 28.

  In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the device 13 comprises: - the head 30 intended to be connected on the one hand to a static part of the vehicle such as bogie 7, and / or on the other hand to the end d 'axle via bearing and connecting rods so that the axle can pivot freely about its axis 11 relative to the head 30; an arm 16 with at least two projecting sections and

  arranged in an elbow end to end of the other.

  More specifically, the arm 16 comprises a distal portion 31 called the end portion, substantially extended transversely, intended to be extended at right angles and at the predetermined distance 17 from the top 18 of the rail 9 in normal position

of the axle in question.

  In addition, the arm 16 comprises an intermediate part 32,

  disposed between the head 30 and the end part 31.

  This intermediate part 32 is substantially extended in the longitudinal direction L, outside

  transversely of the rail right 9.

  In this embodiment, the device 13 therefore comprises a head 30, a part 33 of the so-called starting arm (substantially extended in a direction of elevation E), the intermediate part 32 extended from the starting part 33 substantially longitudinally, and the end part 31 extended from the intermediate part 32,

substantially transversely.

  Furthermore, the deformation zone 19 includes a preferential deformation section such

  that weakening and / or a breakthrough.

  The entire arm 16 has a hollow section with a square section. As shown in FIG. 6, the conductive loop 20 can have substantially the same profile as the arm 16. This loop is produced using a resilient conductor 38, in particular at the area of

deformation 19.

  The predetermined distance 17 can be of the order of 130 mm and is less than the height 39 of the rail 9, of the order of mm. FIG. 1 illustrates the derailment signaling system 24, which comprises: at least one physical device 13 for derailment detection as described above; a circuit for conducting electrical signals 40 connecting the conductive loops of each of the detection devices 13, in series to form a cascade; and, at the front of the vehicle 1, an arrangement 41 for detecting rupture of at least one loop 20 and a generator for

signal 42.

  In the schematic embodiment, this generator of

signal 42 is audible.

  It is bright and / or causes a safe command

in other realizations.

  In FIG. 1, all the devices 13 are connected in cascade, while the signal generator 42 includes an audible alarm such as a siren perceptible by the pilot of the

vehicle 1.

  It is understood that this vehicle 1 can be a train, a

metropolitan or a tram.

  In such a vehicle, generally all of the axles 8

  are fitted with such devices 13.

  The operation according to the invention provides, in the event of derailment of at least one axle 8: - that the arm 16 comes into contact with the rail 9 having previously supported this axle 8, so that this arm 16 supports the load initially supported by the axle, temporarily; - That under the effect of this portage, the part called the deformation zone 19 of the arm 16 is deformed, causing the opening of the electrically conductive loop 20 of the device 13 for detecting the derailed axle 8; - That the rupture of this loop 20 is detected by the arrangement 41, which generates a safety signal transmitted to the generator 42; and - on receipt of this safety signal, the generator

  42 beeps for derailment.

  In the embodiments presented above, the derailment detection devices are arranged on one or two sides of at least one axle, each wheel of the axle being able to carry an independent device or electrically connected in series to other devices arranged on

other axles.

  In another embodiment, not shown, an electric loop starts from a wheel and goes to the opposite wheel of a given axle, the part to be broken or deformed for the detection of the derailment connecting the two wheels of the axle. Such an electric loop can be mounted alone or in series with other loops of the same type provided on

other axles.

Claims (14)

  1. Device (13) for physical detection of an axle derailment (8) intended for a rail vehicle (1) such as a train, metropolitan or tramway, characterized in that it comprises: - a body (14) with mounting means (15) of the device (13) on an axle support (7) of the rail vehicle (1); - an arm (16) of the body intended to be arranged so as to project at a predetermined distance (17) and in line with the top (18) of a rail (9) when the axle is in the normal operating position; - At least one deformation zone (19) on the arm (16), allowing deformation or possibly rupture, of the latter (19) when the axle (8) is derailed; - an electrically conductive loop, inside the arm (16) and passing through the deformation zone (19), so that in the event of deformation, at least one rupture of the loop (20) occurs to open the electric circuit formed by this loop (20); and - electrical signal transmission means (21), on the one hand connected to the loop (20) at the input (22) and at the output (23), and on the other hand intended to be within a derailment signaling system (24) fitted to the rail vehicle (1).   2. Device (13) according to claim 1, characterized in that the body (14) is made of metallic material and / or composite.   3. Device (13) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the body comprises a housing (25) extended transversely and opening out to a longitudinal elevation face (26) forming part of the mounting means (15), this housing being capable of ensuring the axle end cover and capable of receiving a sensor for rotation speed measurement.   4. Device (13) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that means for   transmission or connection (21) to a derailment signaling system (24) are arranged on the body (14), on a front or rear face of a body head, the arm (16) projecting from this same face (28)   forward or backward, respectively.   5. Device (13) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the body (14)   comprises: - a body head intended to be connected either directly to a static part of the vehicle such as a bogie (7), or indirectly to a static part of the vehicle such as a bogie (7) by means of rods, the head of body being intended to be connected to the axle (8) by means of a bearing or the like, so that the axle (8) can pivot about its axis (11) freely relative to the head (30 ); - An arm (16) with at least two projecting sections (31, 32) and arranged one at the end of the other, for example at an elbow. 6. Device (13) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the arm (16)   has a distal part (31) to the body and said end, substantially extended transversely, intended to be extended at right angles and at distance   predetermined (17), from the top of the rail.   7. Device (13) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the arm   comprises an intermediate part (32), disposed between a head (30) and an end part (31), this intermediate part (32) being substantially extended in a longitudinal direction L, for example outside   transversely from the right of the rail (9).   8. Device (13) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a   head (30), a portion (33) of the so-called starting arm (16), substantially extended in an elevation direction E, an intermediate portion (32) extended from the starting portion (33) substantially longitudinally, and a portion end extended from the intermediate part (32), substantially transversely.   9. Device (13) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the area of   strain (19) has a preferential strain section such as weakening and / or a primer rupture.   10. Device (13) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one   part of the arm (16) has a hollow profile, of polygonal section, while the conductive loop (20) has substantially the same profile as the arm (16), this loop being produced at least in part using a resilient conductor (38), in particular in the area of deformation (19).   11. Derailment signaling system (24) for a rail vehicle (1), characterized in that it (24) comprises: - at least one physical device for detecting   derailment according to any one of claims 1 to   ; - a circuit conducting electrical signals connecting the conductive loops of each of the detection devices (13), for example in series to form a cascade; and - an arrangement (41) for detecting rupture of at least one loop (20) and a signal generator (42) for example, the signal generator (42) is sound and / or light and / or causes a command safe, while the arrangement (41) is for example a housing arranged in an anti-slip drawer near the cabin (5) vehicle control (1).   12. S è.me (24) according to claim 11, characterized in that at least a part of the devices (13) are connected in cascade, while the signal generator (42) comprises for example a lamp and / or an audible alarm such as a siren perceptible to the driver of the vehicle (1)   to be equipped by this system (24).   13. Railway vehicle (1), such as train, metropolitan or tram, comprising at least one device (13) for physical derailment detection according to any one   of claims 1 to 10 and / or a system (24) of   derailment reporting according to any of   claims 11 to 12, characterized in that most   axles (8) of the vehicle (1) are equipped with a physical derailment detection device (13), and for example all of the axles (8) of this vehicle (1)   are fitted with such a device (13).   14. Method for signaling derailment of an axle (8) of a rail vehicle (1), using a   device (13) according to any one of claims 1   to 10 and / or a system (24) according to any one of   claims 11 to 12 and / or a vehicle (1) according to the   claim 13, characterized in that it provides, in the event of derailment of at least one axle: - that an arm (16) comes into contact with the rail (9) having previously supported this axle (8), so that this arm (16) supports the load initially supported by the axle (8), provisionally; - that under the effect of this carrying, a part or zone (19) of the arm is deformed or possibly broken, by causing the opening of an electrically conducting loop (20) conducting a derailment detection device (13) ; - That the rupture of this loop (20) is detected by an arrangement (41), for example in the cockpit (5) of the vehicle (1), which generates a safety signal transmitted to a generator (42); and - on receipt of this safety signal, the generator (42) emits an audible and / or control signal and / or   bright derailment indicator.