FR2779615A1 - Fumigation of foodstuffs using organic sulfides derived from allium - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for treating foodstuffs with active materials derived from Alliums, particularly methyl, propyl, allyl, and 1-propenyl sulfides, disulfides, polysulfides, thiosulfinates and thiosulfonates. The active materials may be from natural sources or synthetic. The extraction of the natural active material is preferably carried out as shown in the figure. The allium is placed in a sealed hopper (1) and passes through a crusher (3) to rotating drum (8). Synthetic methyl disulfide is stored in an external container (6) is injected into the apparatus, together with carbon dioxide from another external container (9). The residual solids leave via the exit (11) and active gas, enriched with methyl disulfide via exit (12). Some gas may be recycled through exit (13) and ventilator (5).

Description

-I - The present invention relates to a new method for treating

  commodities to replace current methods. Indeed, traditional fumigation techniques mainly use Methyl Bromide, a very effective gas but also very harmful to the environment, especially for the ozone layer. It is used for the insecticide, fungicide, acaricide and helicide nematicide treatment of foodstuffs. clothes ... The method according to the invention eliminates the need to use methyl bromide or any other gas that is also polluting but retains the same ease of use. It is exposed by

  the curves and diagrams referenced FIG 1, FIG 2, FIG 3 and FIG 4.

  The process consists of chemical substances from the odors of plants of the genus Allium as well as their obtaining and their application in the fields concerned. First of all, it is necessary to describe the active products. These are odors consisting of the following volatile sulfur derivatives: - thiosulfinates which spontaneously rearrange into sulfides, disulfides, polysulfides and thiosulfonates containing methyl groups. propyl, allyl and 1-propenyl, the disulfides being

quickly the most abundant.

  We show the pesticidal activity of all these substances as well as structural analogues having any alkyl, alkenyl and aryl group in the attached diagrams (FIG 1 and FIG 2). For example, the numerous species of treated insects have shown roughly the same sensitivity understood, for the LD 50 at 24 h, depending on the products between 0.1 and 0.5 microliters of liquid product per liter of treated air. This concentration of 0.5 microliters represents

  also a suitable nematicidal, acaricidal and fungicidal activity.

  -2- This pesticidal activity of the disulfides and thiosulfinates is identical by using crushed Allium bulbs to emit these substances, possibly enriched, for example, synthetic methyl disulfide which can be introduced into the treatment circuit. This pesticidal activity is accompanied by a repellent activity on all the insects tested. These substances are extracted and spread on the foodstuffs to be treated by a grinding process under closed chambers and their effectiveness developed by exposure in a

rotating drum, ventilated.

  It should be noted that this process can be further optimized by adding CO 2 to the circuit. Experimentation has shown that the addition of CO2 to the air inside the

  circuit is enough to divide the LD 50 of the product by two. see the diagram referenced FIG 3.

  The installation is made up according to the attached diagram (FIG 4) of a hopper (1) closed by a sealed hatch (2) and connected to a crusher (3). This grinder leads to a sheath (4) into which the air is pulsed by a fan (5) and into which can be injected synthetic methyl disulfide stored in (6). The sheath is connected by a rotary joint (7) to a rotary drum (8) in which the foodstuffs to be treated are placed. C02 can be injected into this drum. CO, stored in (9). A second rotary joint (10) is located at the end of the drum which leads to a drain sheath (l 1) comprising an outlet for the emitted gases (12) which can be recycled in the same circuit by the sheath (13) which directly connects the drum (8) to

fan (5).

  Given the effectiveness of the products involved, their simplicity of obtaining and placing

  in use, this process is particularly indicated for all pesticide applications.

-3 -

Claims (4)

  1) Process composed of a product and a system intended to treat foodstuffs   or not under attack from insects, mites. nematodes, molds.   larvae and other parasites. 2) Method according to claim N I characterized in that the active products are derived from Alliums and are formed of sulfides, disulfides. polysulfides. thiosulfinates and thiosulfonates to   methyl and propyl groups. allyl and 1-propenyl see FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.   3) Method according to claims N I and N 2 characterized in that the active product can be   reinforced in its effects by an addition of C02 in the treatment circuit, see FIG.3.   4) Method according to claims N l, N 2 and N 3 characterized in that the active product is   extracted by an allium shredder in a mechanical system (FIG 4) composed of a hopper (1) closed by a watertight hatch (2) and connected to a shredder (3) itself opening onto a sheath (4) on which opens a fan (5) and into which can be injected synthetic methyl disulfide stored in an external tank (6), this sheath is connected by a rotary joint (7) to a rotary drum (8) in which can be injected with C02 stored in an external tank (9) and out of another drain (10) a drain sheath   products (1) comprising an outlet for the emitted gases (12).