FR2776871A1 - INFORMATION TRANSMISSION METHOD AND DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

Method of transmitting information made up of numerous signs by a transmission installation (1) to a reception installation (2), the information having to be displayed on a display installation (5) of the reception installation (2), this display installation having a display matrix formed of a large number of predetermined display matrix elements, capable of displaying a sign. The information is generated in the transmission installation (1) and one or more control signs are associated with the information, these signs fixing a tree structure of elements that must necessarily be displayed and of elements whose display is optional. The information and the control signs are transmitted, the format for displaying the information in the receiving facility (2) is fixed and the information on the display facility (5) is indicated.

Description

STATE OF THE ART The present invention relates to a method of

  transmission of information composed of numerous signs,

  by a transmission installation to a transmission installation

  reception, the information to be displayed on a display installation of the reception installation, this display installation having a display matrix formed

  a large number of display matrix elements, predefined

  completed, each element of the matrix being able to display a

sign.

  The invention also relates to a device for

the implementation of this process.

  Although the transmission processes

  of information apply to any technical system

  that the present invention and the problem which it poses will be described in more detail in their application to the transmission of information from a computerized information system.

  road traffic for motor vehicles.

  The growing demand for information transmission

  as well as the increase and diversity of services offered by the transmission of information increases the

  need for optical display means to display the information

  training. However, specifically, in the mobile domain,

  display means for transmitting information are often

  wind very small while, if the receiver is installed permanently, the display means are generally more

large and thus more flexible.

  Usually lines of related text are displayed

  long information on different screen sizes. This applies especially to information services using pages, such as Quix and Skyper services as well as traffic telematics systems where RDS / TMC information is displayed for GSM traffic information services viewing the location in navigation systems,

  as well as for mobile phones for which

  displays short GSM information (SMS service), in particular by

cell broadcast.

  The present invention relates generally

  raises the problem of comprehensively displaying even relatively long lines that are part of the information to be transmitted, on a large number of presentation devices with different representation capacities. To optimize the text on small screens, such as that of a car radio which may have only one line and eight columns, the display of the same texts on larger screens is not satisfactory. For reverse optimization of texts intended for large screens, the results on small screens are no longer generally understandable. In addition, it is often not possible or interesting to optimize the lines of text to be displayed, in particular depending on the screen used or the display. Such a situation exists for example with the transmission of lines of text, if the geometrical data of the screen are absolutely not known or cannot be

taken into account.

  An example is the transmission of texts to different

  radio receivers. The texts sent by a GSM cell broadcast, concerning the disturbances of the

  traffic, can thus be received by different terminals

  ranging from a simple mobile phone to a driving assistance information system on a large screen. If now we had to establish and issue,

  for each type of display or screen, information

  posed in a special way, the means to be implemented

  would be very important and radio communication would be

excessively overloaded.

  Another example is the indication of locations-

  on digital maps in navigation systems

  tion for different systems on the screens.

  State of the art offers only solutions

  unsatisfactory to the problem of information representation

  depending on the screen. In principle, three different procedures are applied. All these processes have in common

  that the algorithms for the execution of the process reside globally

balancing in the transmitting device.

  The first and simplest method is clipping. The text transmitted by the transmitter is cut to the left or right depending on the size of the screen, if the text exceeds this size. An example would be to cut the information "the fast brown fox" on a display to

  eight columns giving "the fox".

  The second method is to modify the lines.

  Long lines of text are automatically converted to several shorter lines. These shorter lines are then displayed. But this process can only be applied if the screen has enough time to show

  simultaneously several lines of information on the screen.

  For example, the text "fast brown fox" would be

  verti in the display with eight columns and three rows in

  "the fox", "quick brown" "from". Usually, the con-

  version is done at the end of the words which cannot however be done for very long words. This is how

  words may be cut, which complicates considerable-

  reading. Divide the phrase "the brown fox ra-

  pide "in four lines would be simpler, but would require

four lines.

  The third process is that of the leaves. Through

  the particular control functions of the screen or

  of the issuer or, where applicable, of the

  We indicate different time segments with different segments of a line of text. For example, the text "fast brown fox" will be flipped in a time-controlled manner on an eight-column display. At the first second appear the words "the fox"; in the second second appear "fast brown" and in the third second appear "de" etc. All these methods are applied to different terminals. We can collect information that

  the smaller the screen size of the device, the smaller

  the possibilities for implementing algorithms will be

complex in such a device.

  The disadvantage of the proposals mentioned above

  above is that the image of the information text that appears on the terminal screen cannot be controlled from the transmitter. As a result, there is a loss of understanding and

comfort for the user.

  In data technology, we can certainly

  find two different ways to define text

  depending on the output device, whether it is a printer or a screen as is done for example in

  TeX programming languages, the "Rich-Text-" format

  Format "(RTF), the language" Hypertext Markup Language "(HTML) or the language" Structured General Markup Language "

  (SGML). These languages, however, have an intricate complexity.

  prohibiting their use in page systems or

  very simple terminals. In addition, there are no specific programming language elements that are necessary for displaying lines of text on output devices.

  dimensions as small as possible.

  Advantages of the invention For this purpose the invention relates to a method of

  transmission of information of the type defined above, charac-

  terized by the following stages: - information is generated in the transmission installation,

  - one or more command signs are associated with information

  tion, these signs fixing a tree structure of constituent elements that must necessarily be displayed

  and elements whose display is optional, information

  tion, according to the display matrices, - the information and the control signs are transmitted, and - the information display format is fixed in

  the reception installation taking into account the

  control and display matrix fitted to the reception installation, and this is indicated so

  corresponding information about the installation of affi-

  chage. The invention also relates to an information transmission device characterized by a reception installation for receiving and processing information, this installation comprising: - a processing installation for processing the command signs and fixing the current display format, and - a display installation to display information

in the fixed display format.

  Thus, the method and the device for transmitting

  Information according to the invention has the advantage, with respect to known proposals, of making it possible in a simple manner to transmit lines of text by a transmitter to a large number of different output devices, allowing their sensible appearance on screens and displays of very different sizes, the number of signs appearing in a line as well as the number of lines available can be modified in a very large proportion. This has the advantage of being able to represent information in such a way that it is still easy to read and understand.

  for the user of a screen with a low display capacity

tation.

  The idea underlying the present invention

  is to provide each information with control signs of if-

  Gnification defined explicitly or implicitly between the transmitter and the receiver. These control signs are

  simultaneously transmitted by the transmitter to the receivers.

  These command signs predefine for each information

  tion, decomposition and possible shortcuts, that is

  say elements that are either necessary or optional, that is to say that they appear according to the possibilities of the output device. In the output device, the actual appearance is preceded by an algorithm which breaks down the lines of text received into partial representations

  possible. The different partial representations constitute

  kill a set of possible broadcast line formats.

  The output device algorithm selects and issues the

  possible output line formats.

  According to other advantageous characteristics of the invention: - the control signs are integrated into the information between the signs thereof, - in the reception installation, the tree structure is traversed from start to finish and from all ways

  possible and, for each possible route thus obtained in-

  be the beginning and the end, a display format is made possible on the display installation,

  - the effective display format is fixed using the lar-

  line manager of the display installation, - a constituent element must be displayed on the display installation if it belongs in all cases to the paths traveled between the start and the end, and / or a display is displayed. optional component if it is on the path traveled between the start and the end, and / or two components are selectively displayed if one or the other is on the path between the start and the end,

  - the installation includes an intermediate memory for

  receive the information or the exploited parts of the information, the processing installation includes a parsing program to process the control signs

  characterizing the constituent elements of information.

  According to a preferential development, the control signs are integrated into the information signs and one can form a group of constituent elements of

  information between two control signs and a nested

  tion of control signs. This results in the advantage that the method has a very wide field of application and that

  the information (the original) may receive the signs of

  requests very quickly and efficiently, before it is issued.

  According to another preferential development, for

  determine the display format, we determine all the

  possible display format developments by layout

  control signs, and then we select the opti-

  display format male for each display installation. So the shape of the display format is very

  well adaptable to the respective display matrix, i.e.

  tell the number of rows and columns in the installation

  display, to adapt to the representation of signs.

  This systematic determination of the optimal form of

  information intended for display is made possible only

  LEMENT by the method of the invention.

  According to another preferential development, one af-

  form obligatorily a component part on the installation

  display if this part should go through all

  the journey from start to finish, and / or part of it

  tive is displayed optimally if it can pass on the route from start to finish, and / or two constituent parts are displayed selectively if either one must

  go on the journey from start to finish.

  Drawings Examples of embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and will be described below in more detail. So:

  - Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment

  tion of the device for implementing the method of the invention, - Figure 2 is a schematic view of a decomposition

  information to be transmitted using signs of

  request transmitted simultaneously, according to the method of the invention,

  Description of the exemplary embodiments

  The transmitter 1 transmits along the arrow information of a certain length with control signs, as will be described later, to the receiving device 2

(more simply receiver).

  The receiver 2 includes a processing unit 3

  for the reception and processing of information, a pro-

  syntax analysis gram 4 to analyze information, and

  an outlet installation 5 with a long outlet line

  predetermined feeder used for display for the output of the information analyzed by the parsing program

  4. Memory 6 makes it possible to temporarily receive information

  the results and analysis of the pro-

  syntax analysis gram 4. Other components of the receptor

  tor 2 were not shown in order not to clutter the

figure 1.

  The transmitter 1 and the receiver 2 of this embodiment are distributed between different devices, for example two GSM mobile telephones for which one of the transmitters works in short communication SMS and the other receives this short SMS communication and transmits it to

display.

  The entire text of the information to be transmitted-

  be received, before transmission, certain additional information to control the output on screens or

  displays. This additional information will be called

  The following are general signs of control.

  The information is then transmitted with the control signs and

  is received in receiving device 2 to be recorded

  entered in memory 6 in the form of strings of nu-

  meric and be analyzed by the syntactic analysis program 6, i.e. be interpreted sequentially

by analysis.

  Command signs divide the line of text

  in different partial blocks or tokens made up of different

  your chains of signs (parts). On the output matrix of

  display installation 5 finally appears a sub-

  set predetermined by the control signs, i.e.

  say a subset of the line that best matches the signs of the text with maximum amplitude, like

  original information. The control signs are not

not shown.

  To analyze the information reviewed with the control signs, the following steps are carried out: (1) Receiving the information contained in the control signs and storing it in memory 6

  (2) Interpretation by analysis of the text line and breakdown

  position of the latter in constituent elements or "tokens" corresponding to the command signs contained

in the text line.

  (3) The tokens are structured sequentially and in arbo-

  rescence, as a list. The list is stored in the memory.

  moire 6. The set of possible routes between the start and the end along a line operating route, as it results from the interpretation of the signs of

  therefore forms the basis for the selection of the

  emission factor chosen as optimal

  later for display installation 5.

  A token, during this passage, has the same mandatory property if, in all cases, it must traverse the

  path from the beginning to the end of the line.

  For this passage, a token has the property of being optional if it can pass from the beginning to the end of the line without

this is mandatory.

  Two tokens have the property of being alternative if either one or the other must travel the path from start to

the end.

  Tokens can in principle be nested like this

will be explained later.

  (4) Selection, internal to the device, of a suitable path for the representation by a certain screen geometry

  existing and the composition of the lines from the je-

  tones being passed in this way between the beginning and the end.

(5) Transmission of the text on the screen.

  These operations are repeated in the same way for each of the different lines of text received. This is analogous to the operations according to which when reading input (syntactic analysis) of a source text, a translation program in a programming language (Compiler) is applied. By command signs, we also define a simple programming language to decompose texts

  transmitting. These consist of two different parts

your.

  In a first conventional part, we re-

  unites the set of signs and the control signs used for the programming language. The conventional part can be done explicitly by a block of agreement, preferably at the start of information or a

  line or implicitly. In the example of rea-

  reading described later, an implicit convention ap-

  fold the ISO 8859/2 sign set. In the convention part, we gather the concrete binary values as well as the signs for the language elements of the programming language. An example of selection of command signs and their respective meanings is given in the following table: Element of Representation language as Meaning programming command signs Start option Beginning of an optional constituent element

of the chain of if-

  genes End option] End of an optional component

of the chain of if-

  gnes Starting group {Start of a series of signs intended for display and which must be combined End group End of a series of signs intended for display and which _________ _ must be combined

Operator OR Characterizes the alter-

  native of the interpretation branch of

the structure of i-

  tones Escape operator \ Cancel the following command sign Character All other si- Signs to represent genes of the information sign set

ISO 8859 2

  To ensure simplicity we chose, as if-

  genes of command, simple signs to represent. There is

  however, there are also several possible signs for an

  language ment such as "<opt>" and "</opt>" as

  control signs for the elements StartOption and EndOp-

  l! tion. In addition, it may be agreed to use signs not

  likely to be represented (binary code) for students

  language elements, for example the binary sign 02 (STX),

  as part of the starting group.

  In the implicit convention mentioned above, the transmitter 1 and the receiver 2 know how the elements of

  language are copied to a command sign. In the agreement

  explicit statement, we issue the command signs, before the

  proper purpose of the convention, to the output device, and these signs on the configuration of the parsing program 4. In a syntax based on HTML, such a block of convention could be emitted as the following line of text : <StartOption = "["> <EndOption = "]"> <Startgroup = "{"> <EndGroup = "}"> <OrOperator = "1"> <EscapeOperator = "\"> <CharacterSet = "ISO8859_2"> For the sake of simplification, the same control signs have been chosen as in the above example of a

implicit agreement.

  Agreements can also be registered.

  entered in a non-volatile parameter memory, in a separate zone from memory 6 of receiver 2, in order to be able to

be changed.

  The elements of programming language, defi-

  There are also structures in information that are made up of different components, generally successive signs of information (original), information. The

  components may have a different length.

  The constituent element structures or structures of i-

  tones are advantageously generated for the different li-

  original information. The different language elements indicated above have the following functions in addition to the indications provided in the table: The StartOption and EndOption command signs

  define the start and end of an optional token. The I-

  tones after the StartOption sign and just before the En- sign

  dOption, can be removed from lines of text like by

example "[fast]".

  The StartGroup and EndGroup command signs define groups of signs in the form of tokens. The StartGroup and EndGroup signs are defined with the OR operator to define alternative branches to browse on the list of tokens, such as "{one I two}". So you can display either one or two if

  both are not surrounded by straight clips,

ie constitute options.

  The Escape operator interprets the following sign directly not as a command sign, but as a sign intended for display; it is thus "devalued" such as for example "\], which can lead to the display of a right bracket.

  A possible output line consists of different

  successive tokens; each token has a specific length

  mined, required for display. The token structure is processed, before being issued by the issuer, by writing the information of the issuer in the lines. Before issuing, we then use the token structure so that

  the outlet width provided for the respective outlet line

  tive is best used by the tokens thus defined.

* In the following, we will refer again to the fi-

  gures 1 and 2 which show a schematic representation of a breakdown of information to be transmitted, using command signs to be transmitted simultaneously, according to the

  method of the invention, and this for the example of an informa-

  tion from a road traffic information system. The receiver 2 which is here a car radio, includes in the parsing program 4, an algorithm

  which, as described above, breaks down

  places the received text line or information in different separate lines. The different parts then constitute a set of possible output lines. With any algorithm present in the car radio, select from the possible output lines a line that will be transmitted

display installation 5.

  For this, it is necessary to issue information

  surrounding a motorway junction, on the display 5 of the car radio, that is to say on "screen", in the form of a text. The text to be transmitted to transmitter 1 is, for example, the following: "A42 / E52 Anschlu8stelle 43 Frankfurt am Main Friedberger Landstrage" (branch point 43 in Frankfurt / Main / rue de Friedberg)

  This German text is 66 characters long.

  Informing tokens by command signs is a problem executed automatically or manually by

  transmitter 1 independently of receiver 2.

  For this, we attribute to the information in the transmitter 1, the following signs: "A42 [/ E52] [{{ASIAnschluBstelle} \ [43}] F [[rankfurt] am Main]" This message in German is converted by parsing program 4 after reception, like

  information, in a token structure like the one

  schematically presented in Figure 2. According to this Figure 2, there is the beginning and the end and, between these two moments, there are all the alternatives of the token journey. A token is represented each time in the form of a rectangular block

Tl ... T9 with its length in signs.

  In this token structure, we all use

  possible language elements, defined above.

  Mandatory tokens (Tl, T7) and optional tokens (T2-T6, T8, T9), which are also nested, form groups or are present in a group formation with the operator OR. The representation of the control signs in the form of a text, appears by the use of

the Escape operator.

  On the display installation 5, this token structure requires, for display, at least 5 signs, that is to say Tl and T7 and at most 44 signs, that is to say Tl- T9. This difference in results comes from the fact that, in the structure of FIG. 2, at the points of the nodes K1, K5 of the lines, there are different paths to arrive from the starting node represented on the left at the start of the line, until at the end node on the right at the end of the line. If one takes into account the possibilities of combining the different alternatives, one thus arrives at the following paths to resolve the structure: Nr Length Lines appearing on the screen

1 5 A42F

2 9 A42 / E52 F

3 12 A42 AS [43 F

4 18 A42 / E52 AS [43 F

  24 A42 connection point [43 F 6 28 A42 / E52 connection point [43 F 7 13 A42 Frankfurt 8 17 A42 / E52 Frankfurt 9 20 A42 AS [43 Frankfurt 24 A42 / E52 AS [43 Frankfurt 11 32 A42 connection point [43 Frankfurt 12 36 A42 / E52 connection point [43 Frankfurt 13 21 A42 Frankfurt / Main 14 25 A42 / E52 Frankfurt / Main 28 A42 AS [43 Frankfurt / Main 16 32 A42 / E52 AS (43 Frankfurt / Main

  17 40 A42 connection point [43 Franc-

strong / hand

  18 44 A42 / E52 connection point [43 Franc-

strong / Main In display installation 5, you can

  expensive 16 signs for lines 1, 2, 3 and 7. Receiver 2 decides for itself the lines chosen. In the rule which one can consider as "simple" and which consists in "making maximum use of the locations in the display matrix", one would have in this example N 7 the information

"A42 Frankfurt".

  The method according to the invention for transmitting information, thus allows comprehensible transmission on an output device of any format; transmitter 1 does not have to know the number of columns available for

  display in the display matrix. Despite this igno-

  information is displayed line by line to

  appear to the reader as optimally readable.

  Although the present invention has been described above using a preferred embodiment, it is not limited to this example but can be modified

in many ways.

  The transmitter 1 and the receiver 2 can for example

  ple can be combined in the same device, for example a device

  RDS / TMC radio receiver according to which the transmitter stores the list of localities stored in a smart card. Unity

  processing 3 is then an internal interface to the device.

  In particular, according to the principle,

  above, special signs from another set of signs or image information with a structure based on

pixels.

  The method and the device according to the invention are particularly suitable if the text is transmitted by an aerial interface, such as for example the GSM brief information service, to the output device, or if the text lines are introduced into the terminal at

  using a data carrier. One such case is that of sys-

  navigation temes with a usable data CD

  generally, for example an "Atlas TV" placed in a

special navigation system.

  List of drawing references: 1 Transmitter 2 Receiver 3 Processing unit 4 Parsing program Output installation 6 Memory Tl - T9 Ki tokens - K5 Nodes

Claims (5)

R E V E N D I C A T I ON S   1) Method of transmitting information composed of numerous signs, by a transmission installation (1) to a   reception facility (2), information to be displayed   plugged into a display installation (5) of the reception installation (2), this display installation having a display matrix formed of a large number of elements   display matrix, predetermined, each element of the matrix   which can display a sign, characterized by the following stages: information is generated in the transmission installation (1), - one or more control signs are associated with the information, these signs fixing a tree structure of constituent elements that must necessarily be displayed and elements whose display is optional, information, according to the display matrices, - the information and the control signs are transmitted, and - the format d is fixed display of the information in the reception installation (2) taking into account the control sign (s) and the display matrix fitted to the reception installation (2), and correspondingly indicated information on the display installation (5).  2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the control signs are integrated into the information between the signs of it.   3) Method according to claim 2, characterized in that - in the receiving installation, the tree structure is traversed from start to finish and in all ways   possible and, for each possible route thus obtained in-   at the beginning and at the end, a display format is made possible on the display installation (5), and   - the effective display format is fixed using the lar-   display installation line controller (5).   4) Method according to claim 3, characterized in that a constituent element is necessarily displayed on the display installation (5) if it belongs in all cases to the paths traveled between the start and the end, and / or one displays an optional constituent element if it is on the path traveled between the start and the end, and / or one selectively displays two constituent elements if one   or the other is on the path between the beginning and the end.    ) Device for implementing the method according to one   any of claims 1 to 4,   characterized by a reception installation (2) for receiving and processing information, this installation comprising: - a processing installation (3, 4) for processing the command signs and fixing the current display format, and   - a display installation (5) for displaying the information   mation in the fixed display format.   6) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the installation comprises an intermediate memory (6) for receiving the information or the exploited parts of the information. 7) Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the processing installation (3, 4) comprises a syntactic analysis program (4) for processing the control signs   characterizing the constituent elements of information.