FR2755291A1 - Data transmission cable - Google Patents

Data transmission cable Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2755291A1
FR2755291A1 FR9612978A FR9612978A FR2755291A1 FR 2755291 A1 FR2755291 A1 FR 2755291A1 FR 9612978 A FR9612978 A FR 9612978A FR 9612978 A FR9612978 A FR 9612978A FR 2755291 A1 FR2755291 A1 FR 2755291A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
polyolefin
conductors
structure according
sheath
stuffing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9612978A
Other languages
French (fr)
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FR2755291B1 (en
Inventor
Marcel Girard
Daniel Prudhon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Filotex SA
Original Assignee
Filotex SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Filotex SA filed Critical Filotex SA
Priority to FR9612978A priority Critical patent/FR2755291B1/en
Priority to EP19970401868 priority patent/EP0824257B1/en
Priority to DE1997607605 priority patent/DE69707605T2/en
Publication of FR2755291A1 publication Critical patent/FR2755291A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2755291B1 publication Critical patent/FR2755291B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)

Abstract

A data transmission cable (I) comprises at least two conductors, each being isolated by a sheath comprising a non-halogenated material with a low dielectric constant (II), in a filling (III) of flameproof polyolefin with an oxygen limit index of at least 40%, and surrounded by a screen in Al or Al/polyester and an external sheath (IV) comprising a flameproof polyolefin with an oxygen limit index of at least 35%.

Description

STRUCTURE DE CABLE DE TRANSMISSION DE DONNEES
La présente invention concerne une structure de câble de transmission de données. En particulier l'invention a pour but de proposer un câble pour réseau local informatique à bonne tenue au feu et ne contenant aucun matériau halogéné dont la combustion produit des gaz nocifs.DATA TRANSMISSION CABLE STRUCTURE
The present invention relates to a data transmission cable structure. In particular the invention aims to provide a computer network cable for good fire resistance and containing no halogenated material whose combustion produces harmful gases.

On connaît des câbles résistant bien au feu utilisant des résines fluorés ou même des PVC, mais ces matériaux sont halogénés, donc dégagent des gaz toxiques en cas d'incendie. Fire resistant cables using fluorinated resins or even PVC are known, but these materials are halogenated, thus giving off toxic gases in case of fire.

L'invention a donc pour but de proposer une structure de câble résistant bien au feu, ne contenant aucun matériau halogéné et conservant de bonnes performances de transmission compatibles avec des fréquences élevées. Il est ainsi nécessaire que l'isolant des conducteurs ait à la fois une permittivité relative faible : sr < 2,3 et pratiquement indépendante de la fréquence, et un très faible angle de perte à fréquence élevée : tg 6 < 0,004 à 1 Mhz et < 0,01 à 100 Mhz. The invention therefore aims to provide a cable structure resistant to fire, containing no halogenated material and maintaining good transmission performance compatible with high frequencies. It is thus necessary that the conductor insulation has both a low relative permittivity: sr <2.3 and practically independent of the frequency, and a very low loss angle at high frequency: tg 6 <0.004 to 1 Mhz and <0.01 to 100 Mhz.

L'invention a ainsi pour objet une structure de câble de transmission de données comprenant au moins deux conducteurs, chaque conducteur étant isolé par une gaine isolante en un matériau non halogéné, à faible constante diélectrique, caractérisé en ce que lesdits conducteurs isolés sont situés au sein d'un bourrage de polyoléfine ignifugé ayant un indice limite d'oxygène (ILO) d'au moins 40, entouré d'un écran en aluminium ou en aluminium/ polyester, puis d'une gaine externe en polyoléfine ignifugée ayant un indice limite d'oxygène (ILO) d'au moins 35 W.  The invention thus relates to a data transmission cable structure comprising at least two conductors, each conductor being insulated by an insulating sheath of a non-halogenated material, with a low dielectric constant, characterized in that said insulated conductors are located at within a flame-retarded polyolefin stuffing with an oxygen limit number (OIT) of at least 40, surrounded by an aluminum or aluminum / polyester screen, and then an outer flame-retardant polyolefin sheath having a limiting index of oxygen (ILO) of at least 35 W.

On utilise par exemple pour le bourrage 3 une polyoléfine chargée de kaolin ou de craie dans une proportion comprise entre 60 et 85 W en masse. For example, for filling 3, a polyolefin filled with kaolin or chalk is used in a proportion of between 60 and 85 W by weight.

Cette disposition permet à la fois de conserver de bonnes performances de transmission tout en assurant une bonne ignifugation et en constituant un câble non polluant, non toxique et à faible dégagement de fumée en cas d'incendie.  This arrangement allows both to maintain good transmission performance while ensuring good fireproofing and constituting a non-polluting cable, non-toxic and low smoke in case of fire.

La difficulté consistait en ce que, les matériaux connus utilisables en câblerie sont, les matériaux halogénés étant exclus, les polyoléfines beaucoup plus combustibles que les PVC et que l'ignifugation consiste à y inclure des impuretés qui dégradent les caractéristiques électriques. La solution trouvée consiste donc à isoler les conducteurs par une gaine isolante en un matériau à faible constante diélectrique tel que du polyéthylène non chargé, et ceci bien que sa tenue au feu soit médiocre, afin de maintenir de bonnes qualités de transmission électrique, et d'assurer la tenue au feu par les autres couches : le bourrage, l'écran et la gaine externe. The difficulty was that the known materials used in cabling are, the halogenated materials being excluded, polyolefins much more combustible than PVC and that fireproofing includes the inclusion of impurities that degrade the electrical characteristics. The solution thus found consists in isolating the conductors by an insulating sheath made of a material with a low dielectric constant such as unfilled polyethylene, and this although its resistance to fire is mediocre, in order to maintain good electrical transmission qualities, and ensure fire resistance by the other layers: the stuffing, the screen and the outer sheath.

On va maintenant donner la description des deux exemples de mise en oeuvre de l'invention en se référant au dessin annexé dans lequel
la figure 1 montre, en section, une structure de câble à deux conducteurs selon l'invention,
la figure 2 montre, en section, une structure de câble à deux quartes de conducteurs, selon l'invention.We will now give a description of the two examples of implementation of the invention with reference to the appended drawing in which
FIG. 1 shows, in section, a two-conductor cable structure according to the invention,
Figure 2 shows, in section, a cable structure with two quads of conductors, according to the invention.

En se référant à la figure 1, le câble comprend deux conducteurs de cuivre 1. Chaque conducteur a, par exemple, un diamètre de 0,62 mm et est isolé avec une gaine isolante 2 en matériau à faible constante diélectrique tel qu'une polyoléfine, du polyéthylène par exemple. On utilise par exemple l'isolation appelée : " foam-skin " constituée d'une première couche en polyoléfine expansée et d'une seconde couche en polyoléfine massive. Le diamètre extérieur de l'isolant est par exemple de 1,2 mm. L'ensemble des deux conducteurs isolés est noyé au sein d'un bourrage 3 de polyoléfine chargée de composés hydratés ayant un indice limite d'oxygène (ILO) supérieur à 40 W et un faible allongement à la rupture : inférieur ou égal à 50 W. On prendra par exemple du polyéthylène chargé de craie ou de kaolin en une teneur comprise entre 60 et 85 W en masse. With reference to FIG. 1, the cable comprises two copper conductors 1. Each conductor has, for example, a diameter of 0.62 mm and is insulated with an insulating sheath 2 made of a material with a low dielectric constant such as a polyolefin , polyethylene for example. For example, the so-called "foam-skin" insulation consisting of a first expanded polyolefin layer and a second solid polyolefin layer are used. The outer diameter of the insulation is for example 1.2 mm. The set of two insulated conductors is embedded in a polyolefin stuffing 3 loaded with hydrated compounds having an oxygen limit index (OIT) greater than 40 W and a low elongation at break: less than or equal to 50 W For example, polyethylene filled with chalk or kaolin will be used in a content of between 60 and 85 W by weight.

Autour de ce bourrage 3 est disposé un écran 4 en aluminium ou en aluminium/polyester. Cet écran a un rôle d'écran électrostatique vis-à-vis des perturbations externes. Il a en outre une fonction de barrière anti-feu par réflexion des ondes thermiques. Around this jam 3 is disposed a screen 4 of aluminum or aluminum / polyester. This screen has a role of electrostatic screen vis-à-vis external disturbances. It also has a function of fire barrier by reflection of thermal waves.

Enfin, l'ensemble est entouré d'une gaine externe 5 en polyoléfine chargée. Il s'agit par exemple d'un mélange de polyéthylène, de carbonate de calcium avec ou sans réticulant de type " silane ", il s'agit de produits classiques que l'on trouve dans le commerce, par exemple sous les marques "Megolon S300" ou "Megolon S340" de la société Lindsay et Williams. Les fabricants ne donnent pas la composition précise mais garantissent un ILO. Cette gaine a un indice limite d'oxygène de 35 W minimum et une faible épaisseur : de 0,2 à 0,8 mm. Le bourrage 3 a une fonction de tenue au feu et d'écartement des deux conducteurs 1 de l'écran 4 en aluminium. Finally, the assembly is surrounded by an outer sheath 5 charged polyolefin. This is for example a mixture of polyethylene, calcium carbonate with or without crosslinking agent of the "silane" type, these are conventional products that are commercially available, for example under the trade names "Megolon S300 "or" Megolon S340 "from Lindsay and Williams. The manufacturers do not give the precise composition but guarantee an ILO. This sheath has an oxygen limit of 35 W minimum and a small thickness: 0.2 to 0.8 mm. The stuffing 3 has a function of fire resistance and spacing of the two conductors 1 of the screen 4 aluminum.

La figure 2 montre un autre exemple de structure de câble selon l'invention qui ne diffère de celui de la figure 1 que par le fait qu'au lieu d'avoir deux conducteurs isolés 1-2, on a deux quartes de conducteurs isolés : une première quarte de conducteurs isolés 1-2 et une deuxième quarte de conducteurs isolés 1A-2A. Une quarte est composée d'une torsade de quatre conducteurs isolés : 1-2 pour la première et 1A-2A pour la seconde. Les deux quartes sont juxtaposées parallèlement. On retrouve le bourrage 3, l'écran 4 et la gaine externe 5. Le bourrage 3 entoure les deux quartes en les séparant. FIG. 2 shows another example of a cable structure according to the invention which differs from that of FIG. 1 only in that instead of having two insulated conductors 1-2, there are two quads of isolated conductors: a first quarter of insulated conductors 1-2 and a second quarter of insulated conductors 1A-2A. A fourth is composed of a twist of four isolated conductors: 1-2 for the first and 1A-2A for the second. The two quads are juxtaposed in parallel. We find the jam 3, the screen 4 and the outer sheath 5. The stuffing 3 surrounds the two quads by separating them.

Dans cette réalisation à deux quartes de conducteurs, le bourrage 3 a en plus, un rôle de maintien mécanique de la géométrie de chaque quarte, améliorant ainsi la diaphonie dans la quarte (entre les deux paires d'une même quarte) en outre, le bourrage a aussi une fonction d'écartement des quartes ce qui améliore la diaphonie entre paires de quartes différentes.  In this embodiment with two quads of conductors, the stuffing 3 has in addition, a role of mechanical maintenance of the geometry of each quarte, thus improving the crosstalk in the quarter (between the two pairs of the same quarter) in addition, the tamping also has a function of spacing the fourths which improves the crosstalk between pairs of different quads.

Claims (7)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Structure de câble de transmission de données comprenant au moins deux conducteurs, chaque conducteur étant isolé par une gaine isolante (2) en un matériau non halogéné à faible constante diélectrique, caractérisé en ce que lesdits conducteurs isolés sont situés au sein d'un bourrage (3) de polyoléfine ignifugé ayant un indice limite d'oxygène (ILO) d'au moins 40 %, entouré d'un écran (4) en aluminium ou en aluminium/polyester puis d'une gaine externe (5) en polyoléfine ignifugée ayant un indice limite d'oxygène (ILO) d'au moins 35 k.  1) Data transmission cable structure comprising at least two conductors, each conductor being insulated by an insulating sheath (2) made of a non-halogenated material with a low dielectric constant, characterized in that said insulated conductors are situated within a filling (3) flame retardant polyolefin having an oxygen limit index (OIT) of at least 40%, surrounded by a screen (4) aluminum or aluminum / polyester and an outer sheath (5) polyolefin flame retardant with an oxygen limit number (LOI) of at least 35 k. 2/ Structure selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le bourrage (3) est en polyoléfine chargée de kaolin ou de craie dans une proportion comprise entre 60 et 85 W en masse. 2 / Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the stuffing (3) is polyolefin loaded with kaolin or chalk in a proportion between 60 and 85 W by mass. 3) Structure selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite gaine isolante (2) est en polyoléfine. 3) Structure according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said insulating sheath (2) is polyolefin. 4) Structure selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite gaine isolante (2) en polyoléfine se divise en une couche interne en polyoléfine expansée et en une couche externe en polyoléfine massive. 4) Structure according to claim 3, characterized in that said insulating sheath (2) of polyolefin is divided into an inner layer of expanded polyolefin and an outer layer of massive polyolefin. 5/ Structure selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que lesdites couches interne et externe de ladite gaine isolante (2) sont en polyéthylène. 5 / structure according to claim 4, characterized in that said inner and outer layers of said insulating sheath (2) are polyethylene. 6) Structure selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit bourrage (3) et ladite gaine externe (5) sont à base de polyéthylène. 6) Structure according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said stuffing (3) and said outer sheath (5) are based on polyethylene. 7) Structure selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend deux quartes de conducteurs (1,îA), chaque quarte étant constituée par une torsade de quatre conducteurs (l,lA), chaque conducteur étant isolé, ledit bourrage (3) entourant les deux quartes et les séparant.  7) Structure according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises two quads of conductors (1, IA), each quarter being formed by a twist of four conductors (l, lA), each conductor being isolated said stuffing (3) surrounding the two quads and separating them.
FR9612978A 1996-08-12 1996-10-24 DATA TRANSMISSION CABLE STRUCTURE Expired - Fee Related FR2755291B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9612978A FR2755291B1 (en) 1996-10-24 1996-10-24 DATA TRANSMISSION CABLE STRUCTURE
EP19970401868 EP0824257B1 (en) 1996-08-12 1997-08-04 Data transmission cable structure
DE1997607605 DE69707605T2 (en) 1996-08-12 1997-08-04 Data transmission cable structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9612978A FR2755291B1 (en) 1996-10-24 1996-10-24 DATA TRANSMISSION CABLE STRUCTURE

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FR2755291A1 true FR2755291A1 (en) 1998-04-30
FR2755291B1 FR2755291B1 (en) 1998-11-27

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2009488A (en) * 1977-12-02 1979-06-13 Bicc Ltd Electric cables
US4412094A (en) * 1980-05-21 1983-10-25 Western Electric Company, Inc. Compositely insulated conductor riser cable
DE3228119A1 (en) * 1982-07-28 1984-02-02 AEG-Telefunken Kabelwerke AG, Rheydt, 4050 Mönchengladbach Halogen-free, flame-resistant cable which retains its function for a certain time in the event of fire
DE3633056A1 (en) * 1986-09-29 1988-04-07 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Extrudable mixture for halogen-free, highly flame-resistant coverings (sheaths)
EP0324054A2 (en) * 1987-11-25 1989-07-19 kabelmetal electro GmbH Manufacturing process of an optical cable
EP0333514A1 (en) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-20 Mortile Industries Ltd Low toxicity, fire retardant thermoplastic material
DE4332914A1 (en) * 1993-09-23 1995-03-30 Siemens Ag Flame-resistant electrical cable

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2009488A (en) * 1977-12-02 1979-06-13 Bicc Ltd Electric cables
US4412094A (en) * 1980-05-21 1983-10-25 Western Electric Company, Inc. Compositely insulated conductor riser cable
DE3228119A1 (en) * 1982-07-28 1984-02-02 AEG-Telefunken Kabelwerke AG, Rheydt, 4050 Mönchengladbach Halogen-free, flame-resistant cable which retains its function for a certain time in the event of fire
DE3633056A1 (en) * 1986-09-29 1988-04-07 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Extrudable mixture for halogen-free, highly flame-resistant coverings (sheaths)
EP0324054A2 (en) * 1987-11-25 1989-07-19 kabelmetal electro GmbH Manufacturing process of an optical cable
EP0333514A1 (en) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-20 Mortile Industries Ltd Low toxicity, fire retardant thermoplastic material
DE4332914A1 (en) * 1993-09-23 1995-03-30 Siemens Ag Flame-resistant electrical cable

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Publication number Publication date
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