FR2742273A1 - CHARGING DEVICE FOR A BATTERY VEHICLE - Google Patents

CHARGING DEVICE FOR A BATTERY VEHICLE Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2742273A1
FR2742273A1 FR9614866A FR9614866A FR2742273A1 FR 2742273 A1 FR2742273 A1 FR 2742273A1 FR 9614866 A FR9614866 A FR 9614866A FR 9614866 A FR9614866 A FR 9614866A FR 2742273 A1 FR2742273 A1 FR 2742273A1
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France
Prior art keywords
battery
voltage
charging
traction
assembly
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Granted
Application number
FR9614866A
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French (fr)
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FR2742273B1 (en
Inventor
Otmar Bitsche
Klaus Krischan
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Steyr Daimler Puch AG
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Steyr Daimler Puch AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/52—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de charge pour un véhicule à batteries comportant au moins une batterie de traction (1) pour actionner un moteur électrique et au moins une batterie de bord (2) pour alimenter un réseau de bord, ledit dispositif étant constitué par un montage hacheur (5) commandé et pouvant être connecté, par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de commutation (12), au choix à la batterie de traction (1) ou, au moyen d'un montage redresseur (3), à un réseau d'alimentation. Pour créer des conditions de construction favorables, il est proposé qu'un convertisseur de tension (4) électronique, comportant un dispositif de commande (18), soit monté de manière connue en soi en amont du montage hacheur (5) activé avec un taux d'impulsions prédéterminé, ledit dispositif de commande activant la tension d'entrée du montage hacheur (5) par l'intermédiaire du convertisseur de tension (4) dans la position de commutation du dispositif de commutation (12) correspondant à la charge de la batterie de traction (1) en fonction de la tension de charge et du courant de charge, et dans la position de commutation correspondant au mode de traction, en fonction de la tension de la batterie de bord (2).The invention relates to a charging device for a battery-powered vehicle comprising at least one traction battery (1) for actuating an electric motor and at least one on-board battery (2) for supplying an on-board network, said device consisting of a chopper assembly (5) controlled and which can be connected, via a switching device (12), optionally to the traction battery (1) or, by means of a rectifier assembly (3), to a power network. To create favorable construction conditions, it is proposed that an electronic voltage converter (4), comprising a control device (18), be mounted in a manner known per se upstream of the chopper assembly (5) activated with a rate of predetermined pulses, said control device activating the input voltage of the chopper assembly (5) via the voltage converter (4) in the switching position of the switching device (12) corresponding to the load of the traction battery (1) as a function of the charging voltage and charging current, and in the switching position corresponding to the traction mode, as a function of the voltage of the on-board battery (2).

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de charge pour un véhicule àThe present invention relates to a charging device for a vehicle with

batteries comportant au moins une batterie de traction pour l'actionnement d'un moteur  batteries comprising at least one traction battery for actuating a motor

électrique et au moins une batterie de bord pour l'alimen-  electric and at least one on-board battery for power

tation d'un réseau de bord, constitué par un montage  on-board network, consisting of an assembly

hacheur commandé et pouvant être connecté, par l'intermé-  controlled chopper which can be connected via

diaire d'un dispositif de commutation, au choix à la batterie de traction ou, au moyen d'un montage redresseur, à un réseau d'alimentation, ledit montage hacheur étant  diary of a switching device, optionally to the traction battery or, by means of a rectifier assembly, to a supply network, said chopper assembly being

adjacent, côté sortie, à l'enroulement primaire d'un trans-  adjacent, outlet side, to the primary winding of a trans-

formateur dont les enroulements secondaires permettent de charger d'une part la batterie de traction pouvant être connectée au moyen du dispositif de commutation, et d'autre  trainer whose secondary windings make it possible to charge on the one hand the traction battery which can be connected by means of the switching device, and on the other hand

part la batterie de bord.apart from the on-board battery.

Si un véhicule à batteries présente, outre la batterie de traction destinée à actionner un moteur électrique, une batterie de bord destinée à alimenter un réseau de bord, ces batteries peuvent être chargées depuis un réseau d'alimentation au moyen de dispositifs de charge séparés, mais ceci implique un coût correspondant. Pour éviter le coût de dispositifs de charge séparés, il a déjà été proposé d'effectuer la charge de la batterie de traction ainsi que de la batterie de bord au moyen d'un  If a battery-powered vehicle has, in addition to the traction battery intended to actuate an electric motor, an on-board battery intended to supply an on-board network, these batteries can be charged from a supply network by means of separate charging devices, but this implies a corresponding cost. To avoid the cost of separate charging devices, it has already been proposed to charge the traction battery as well as the on-board battery by means of a

transformateur commun comportant deux enroulements secon-  common transformer with two secondary windings

daires, de telle sorte que la batterie de traction puisse être chargée au moyen de l'un, et la batterie de bord au moyen de l'autre des enroulements secondaires. Alors que la batterie de bord peut rester connectée en permanence à l'enroulement secondaire associé du transformateur, la batterie de traction n'est reliée au transformateur, au moyen d'un dispositif de commutation, que pour le mode de charge. Pour alimenter le transformateur avec des impul- sions de tension à haute fréquence, il est prévu un montage hacheur, pouvant être raccordé au choix, au moyen du35 dispositif de commutation, à la batterie de traction ou, au moyen d'un montage redresseur, au réseau d'alimentation. La régulation de tension pour le transformateur est effectuée au moyen d'un dispositif de commande du montage hacheur en fonction d'une part de la tension de charge et du courant de charge de la batterie de traction, et d'autre part de la tension de la batterie de bord, suivant la position du dispositif de commutation. En mode de charge, la batterie  daires, so that the traction battery can be charged by means of one, and the onboard battery by means of the other secondary windings. While the on-board battery can remain permanently connected to the associated secondary winding of the transformer, the traction battery is connected to the transformer, by means of a switching device, only for the charging mode. To supply the transformer with high frequency voltage pulses, a chopper assembly is provided, which can be optionally connected, by means of the switching device, to the traction battery or, by means of a rectifier assembly, to the power network. The voltage regulation for the transformer is carried out by means of a device for controlling the chopper assembly as a function on the one hand of the charging voltage and the charging current of the traction battery, and on the other hand of the voltage on-board battery, depending on the position of the switching device. In charging mode, the battery

de traction est donc chargée à partir du réseau d'alimenta-  traction is therefore charged from the power supply network

tion, en tenant compte du courant de charge et de la tension de charge. Par la commutation du mode de charge en mode de traction, la batterie de traction est séparée du transformateur et connectée au montage hacheur, de sorte que la batterie de bord peut être chargée à partir de la batterie de traction au moyen du transformateur, en fonction de sa tension. L'enroulement secondaire pour la charge à la fois de la batterie de traction se trouve alors en circuit ouvert. Un tel dispositif de charge permet certes une charge à la fois de la batterie de traction et de la batterie de bord, séparées galvaniquement, au moyen d'un transformateur commun, mais le montage hacheur doit être manipulé moyennant un coût relativement élevé pour la commande de tension, du fait que les tensions d'entrée du  tion, taking into account the charging current and the charging voltage. By switching from charging mode to traction mode, the traction battery is separated from the transformer and connected to the chopper assembly, so that the on-board battery can be charged from the traction battery by means of the transformer, depending of his tension. The secondary winding for charging both the traction battery is then in open circuit. Such a charging device certainly allows charging of both the traction battery and the on-board battery, galvanically separated, by means of a common transformer, but the chopper assembly must be handled at a relatively high cost for the control. because the input voltages of the

mode de charge et du mode de traction sont très différen-  charging mode and traction mode are very different

tes, des modifications du taux d'impulsions pouvant avoir des conséquences défavorables sur le rendement et le dimensionnement du transformateur et du commutateur du  tes, changes in the pulse rate which may have unfavorable consequences on the efficiency and sizing of the transformer and the switch of the

montage hacheur.chopper assembly.

En outre, il est connu (AT-B-400 555), pour charger une batterie de traction d'un véhicule à batteries, de charger un circuit de commutation intermédiaire au moyen  Furthermore, it is known (AT-B-400 555), to charge a traction battery of a battery-powered vehicle, to charge an intermediate switching circuit by means

d'un dispositif de réglage vers le haut commandé et adja-  of an upwardly controlled adjustment device and adjja-

cent, côté entrée, à un montage redresseur, en fonction du courant de charge et de la tension de charge de la batterie de traction, de telle sorte que la charge de la batterie puisse être effectuée de manière simple au moyen dudit circuit intermédiaire. En tout état de cause, ce dispositif de charge n'est adapté qu'à la charge de la batterie de traction. L'invention a donc pour but d'améliorer un dispositif de charge pour un véhicule à batteries de la technique décrite au début, de manière à permettre, avec une commande simple, une charge avantageuse de la batterie de traction ainsi que de la batterie de bord, tout en  cent, input side, to a rectifier assembly, depending on the charging current and the charging voltage of the traction battery, so that the charging of the battery can be carried out in a simple manner by means of said intermediate circuit. In any event, this charging device is only suitable for charging the traction battery. The object of the invention is therefore to improve a charging device for a battery-powered vehicle of the technique described at the start, so as to allow, with a simple command, an advantageous charging of the traction battery as well as of the edge while

garantissant une exploitation optimale du transformateur.  ensuring optimal operation of the transformer.

L'invention atteint ce but en prévoyant qu'un convertisseur de tension électronique, comportant un dispositif de commande, est monté de manière connue en soi  The invention achieves this aim by providing that an electronic voltage converter, comprising a control device, is mounted in a manner known per se

en amont du montage hacheur activé avec un taux d'impul-  upstream of the chopper assembly activated with a pulse rate

sions prédéterminé, ledit dispositif de commande activant la tension d'entrée du montage hacheur par l'intermédiaire du convertisseur de tension dans la position de commutation du dispositif de commutation correspondant à la charge de la batterie de traction en fonction de la tension de charge et du courant de charge, et dans la position de commutation correspondant au mode de traction, en fonction de la  predetermined positions, said control device activating the input voltage of the chopper assembly via the voltage converter in the switching position of the switching device corresponding to the charge of the traction battery as a function of the charge voltage and of the load current, and in the switching position corresponding to the traction mode, depending on the

tension de la batterie de bord.on-board battery voltage.

Dans le cas d'une activation correspondante du convertisseur de tension électronique, le montage hacheur peut recevoir une tension d'entrée prédéfinie telle que des tensions ou des courants déterminé(e)s peuvent être  In the case of a corresponding activation of the electronic voltage converter, the chopper assembly can receive a predefined input voltage such that determined voltages or currents can be

prélevé(e)s sur les enroulements secondaires du transforma-  taken from the secondary windings of the transformer

teur, sans devoir procéder à une intervention de commande supplémentaire par une modification du taux d'impulsions du montage hacheur. Le montage hacheur peut en conséquence être mis en fonctionnement avec un taux d'impulsions constant prédéfini, ce qui permet une exploitation optimale du transformateur. L'activation du convertisseur de tension  without having to carry out an additional control intervention by modifying the pulse rate of the chopper assembly. The chopper assembly can therefore be operated with a predefined constant pulse rate, which allows optimal operation of the transformer. Activation of the voltage converter

électronique peut alors être supprimée de manière relati-  electronics can then be deleted relatively

vement simple, car en mode de charge pour la batterie de traction, il suffit d'obtenir une dépendance correspondante de la tension de sortie du convertisseur de tension par rapport à la tension de charge ou au courant de charge de la batterie de traction. Par un choix approprié du taux  This is very simple, because in charging mode for the traction battery, it suffices to obtain a corresponding dependence on the output voltage of the voltage converter with respect to the charging voltage or the charging current of the traction battery. By an appropriate choice of rate

d'impulsions, on peut en outre obtenir du réseau d'alimen-  of pulses, it is also possible to obtain from the supply network

tation une absorption de courant comportant peu d'harmoni-  current absorption with little harmonization

ques. Pendant le mode de traction, c'est-à-dire lorsque la batterie de traction est déconnectée du transformateur, une tension d'entrée peut être prédéfinie au moyen du convertisseur de tension électronique du montage hacheur, ladite tension d'entrée assurant une tension adaptée à la tension du réseau de bord à l'enroulement secondaire du transformateur associé à la batterie de bord. A cette fin, la tension de la batterie de bord ou du réseau de bord peut être détectée, et conduite au dispositif de commande pour le convertisseur de tension électronique. Du fait que les  ques. During traction mode, that is to say when the traction battery is disconnected from the transformer, an input voltage can be predefined by means of the electronic voltage converter of the chopper assembly, said input voltage ensuring a voltage adapted to the on-board network voltage at the secondary winding of the transformer associated with the on-board battery. To this end, the voltage of the on-board battery or the on-board network can be detected, and taken to the control device for the electronic voltage converter. Because the

enroulements secondaires du transformateur ont une configu-  secondary windings of the transformer have a configuration

ration correspondant aux tensions de charge maximales admissibles de la batterie de traction ou de la batterie de bord, on obtient pour la tension de sortie du convertisseur de tension une plage au moins sensiblement constante aussi  ration corresponding to the maximum admissible charge voltages of the traction battery or the on-board battery, the range of output of the voltage converter is also at least substantially constant

bien pour le mode de traction que pour le mode de charge.  both for traction mode and for charging mode.

Sur la figure unique du dessin annexé est illus-  In the single figure of the attached drawing is illus-

tré l'objet de l'invention à l'aide d'un exemple, avec un schéma fonctionnel représentant un dispositif de charge  very object of the invention using an example, with a block diagram representing a charging device

suivant l'invention pour véhicule à batteries.  according to the invention for battery vehicle.

Le dispositif de charge représenté est associé à une batterie de traction 1 d'un véhicule à batteries non représenté en détail, équipé, outre la batterie de traction 1, d'une batterie de bord 2 séparée pour alimenter un réseau de bord. Ce dispositif est constitué essentiellement par un montage redresseur 3, qui alimente, au moyen d'un convertisseur de tension 4 électronique, un montage hacheur , auquel est connecté côté sortie l'enroulement primaire 6 d'un transformateur 7. A l'enroulement primaire 6 du transformateur 7 est à chaque fois associé un enroulement secondaire 8, 9 pour les deux batteries 1 et 2. Alors que l'enroulement secondaire 9 est connecté en permanence, au moyen d'un montage redresseur constitué par deux diodes 10 et un condensateur de filtrage 11, à la batterie de bord 2, un dispositif de commutation 12 est prévu entre la batterie de traction 1 et l'enroulement secondaire 8 connecté également à un montage redresseur constitué par deux diodes et un condensateur de filtrage 11, ledit dispositif de commutation connectant la batterie de traction 1 au choix soit à l'enroulement secondaire 8 soit à l'entrée du convertisseur de tension 4 électronique par l'intermédiaire  The charging device shown is associated with a traction battery 1 of a battery vehicle not shown in detail, equipped, in addition to the traction battery 1, with a separate on-board battery 2 for supplying an on-board network. This device consists essentially of a rectifier assembly 3, which supplies, by means of an electronic voltage converter 4, a chopper assembly, to which the primary winding 6 of a transformer 7 is connected on the output side. To the primary winding 6 of the transformer 7 is each time associated with a secondary winding 8, 9 for the two batteries 1 and 2. While the secondary winding 9 is permanently connected, by means of a rectifier assembly constituted by two diodes 10 and a capacitor filter 11, on the on-board battery 2, a switching device 12 is provided between the traction battery 1 and the secondary winding 8 also connected to a rectifier assembly constituted by two diodes and a filtering capacitor 11, said device switching connecting the traction battery 1 as desired either to the secondary winding 8 or to the input of the electronic voltage converter 4 via

d'un condensateur 13. Au moyen de ce dispositif de commuta-  of a capacitor 13. By means of this switching device

tion 12, pouvant être activé par une commande de réglage associée 14, le montage redresseur 3 peut en outre être appliqué à un réseau d'alimentation au moyen d'un montage de filtrage 15, pour pouvoir charger la batterie de  tion 12, which can be activated by an associated adjustment command 14, the rectifier assembly 3 can also be applied to a supply network by means of a filtering assembly 15, in order to be able to charge the battery of

traction 1 à partir du réseau d'alimentation.  traction 1 from the supply network.

A cette fin, le commutateur 12 passe de la position de commutation (dessinée ici) correspondant au mode de traction à la position de commutation correspondant au mode de charge, de sorte que le montage redresseur 3 est adjacent au réseau d'alimentation, et que la batterie de  To this end, the switch 12 passes from the switching position (shown here) corresponding to the traction mode to the switching position corresponding to the charging mode, so that the rectifier assembly 3 is adjacent to the supply network, and that the battery of

traction est reliée à l'enroulement secondaire 8 du trans-  traction is connected to the secondary winding 8 of the trans-

formateur 7. Au moyen du convertisseur de tension 4 alimenté par le montage redresseur 3, un condensateur 16  trainer 7. By means of the voltage converter 4 supplied by the rectifier assembly 3, a capacitor 16

est chargé de telle façon qu'une tension de charge corres-  is charged in such a way that a charging voltage corresponds

pondante s'établit pour la batterie de traction 1, du fait du taux d'impulsions constant prédéfini du montage hacheur , sur l'enroulement secondaire 8 du transformateur 7. Cette tension de charge est détectée au moyen d'un codeur de tension 17 et conduite à un dispositif de commande 18 recevant également le courant de charge détecté au moyen d'un codeur de courant 19, de sorte que le convertisseur de tension 4 peut être commandé, en fonction du courant de charge et de la tension de charge, de telle sorte que la charge de la batterie de traction 1 soit effectuée en  laying is established for the traction battery 1, due to the predefined constant pulse rate of the chopper assembly, on the secondary winding 8 of the transformer 7. This charging voltage is detected by means of a voltage encoder 17 and leads to a control device 18 also receiving the detected charging current by means of a current encoder 19, so that the voltage converter 4 can be controlled, depending on the charging current and the charging voltage, from so that the traction battery 1 is charged in

fonction d'une caractéristique de charge prédéfinie.  function of a predefined load characteristic.

Différentes configurations peuvent être utilisées pour le convertisseur de tension. Des conditions particulièrement simples résultent d'un convertisseur de tension 4 réalisé sous la forme d'un dispositif de réglage vers le haut, tel qu'il est représenté sur le dessin, avec une interconnexion entre une bobine de self 20, un transistor 21 et une diode 22. Une activation appropriée du transistor 21 au moyen du dispositif de commande 18 permet non seulement de commander le processus de charge de la batterie de traction 1, mais également d'assurer une absorption de courant sinusoïdale,  Different configurations can be used for the voltage converter. Particularly simple conditions result from a voltage converter 4 produced in the form of an upward adjustment device, as shown in the drawing, with an interconnection between a choke coil 20, a transistor 21 and a diode 22. Appropriate activation of the transistor 21 by means of the control device 18 makes it possible not only to control the process of charging the traction battery 1, but also to ensure absorption of sinusoidal current,

comportant peu d'harmoniques, à partir du réseau d'alimen-  with few harmonics, from the power supply network

tation. Suivant l'exemple de réalisation, le montage hacheur 5 est réalisé sous la forme d'un montage en pont en push-pull comportant quatre transistors 23 et quatre diodes 24 qui court- circuitent lesdits transistors 23. Le taux d'impulsions de ce montage en pont en push-pull est prédéfini de manière fixe par un dispositif de commande associé 25, de sorte que la tension de sortie n'est pas déterminée par le taux d'impulsions, mais par la grandeur  tation. According to the embodiment, the chopper assembly 5 is produced in the form of a push-pull bridge assembly comprising four transistors 23 and four diodes 24 which bypass said transistors 23. The pulse rate of this assembly in push-pull bridge is fixedly predefined by an associated control device 25, so that the output voltage is not determined by the pulse rate, but by the magnitude

de la tension appliquée au condensateur 16 côté entrée.  of the voltage applied to the capacitor 16 on the input side.

Etant donné que les enroulements secondaires 8 et 9 du transformateur 7 sont configurés de telle sorte que les tensions de charge maximales admissibles sont obtenues à la fois pour la batterie de traction 1 et la batterie de bord 2, en mode de charge on obtient aussi pour la batterie de traction 1 une alimentation correspondante de la batterie de bord 2 ou du réseau de bord. En mode de traction, on peut alors prendre en compte notamment les conditions régnant dans le réseau de bord, car dans ce cas la batterie de traction 1 est séparée du transformateur 7 et le convertisseur de tension 4 est alimenté au moyen de la batterie de traction 1 en une tension continue qui, en fonction de la tension de la batterie de bord 2 détectée par un codeur de tension associé 26, peut être mise à une tension correspondante, à la sortie du convertisseur de tension 4, cette dernière tension prenant en compte l'état de charge respectif de la batterie de bord 2. A cette fin, le dispositif de commande 18 doit bien entendu être  Since the secondary windings 8 and 9 of the transformer 7 are configured in such a way that the maximum admissible charging voltages are obtained for both the traction battery 1 and the on-board battery 2, in charging mode one also obtains for the traction battery 1 a corresponding supply of the on-board battery 2 or of the on-board network. In traction mode, it is then possible to take into account in particular the conditions prevailing in the on-board network, because in this case the traction battery 1 is separated from the transformer 7 and the voltage converter 4 is supplied by means of the traction battery 1 into a DC voltage which, as a function of the voltage of the on-board battery 2 detected by an associated voltage encoder 26, can be set to a corresponding voltage, at the output of the voltage converter 4, this latter voltage taking into account The respective state of charge of the on-board battery 2. To this end, the control device 18 must of course be

alimenté en fonction de la position du commutateur 12.  powered according to the position of switch 12.

L'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisa-  The invention is not limited to the embodiment

tion qui vient d'être décrit, mais englobe au contraire toute variante reprenant, avec des moyens équivalents, les  tion which has just been described, but on the contrary includes any variant taking up, with equivalent means, the

caractéristiques essentielles énoncées ci-dessus.  essential characteristics set out above.

Claims (1)

REVENDICATIONCLAIM Dispositif de charge pour un véhicule à batteries comportant au moins une batterie de traction pour actionner un moteur électrique et au moins une batterie de bord pour alimenter un réseau de bord, constitué par un montage  Charging device for a battery-powered vehicle comprising at least one traction battery for actuating an electric motor and at least one on-board battery for supplying an on-board network, constituted by an assembly hacheur commandé et pouvant être connecté, par l'intermé-  controlled chopper which can be connected via diaire d'un dispositif de commutation, au choix à la batterie de traction ou, au moyen d'un montage redresseur, à un réseau d'alimentation, ledit montage hacheur étant adjacent, côté sortie, à l'enroulement primaire d'un transformateur dont les enroulements secondaires permettent de charger d'une part la batterie de traction pouvant être connectée au moyen du dispositif de commutation, et d'autre  diary of a switching device, optionally to the traction battery or, by means of a rectifier assembly, to a supply network, said chopper assembly being adjacent, on the output side, to the primary winding of a transformer the secondary windings of which allow the traction battery which can be connected by means of the switching device to be charged on the one hand and part la batterie de bord, caractérisé en ce qu'un conver-  the onboard battery, characterized in that a conver- tisseur de tension (4) électronique, comportant un disposi-  electronic tension weaver (4), comprising a device tif de commande (18), est monté de manière connue en soi en  control unit (18), is mounted in a manner known per se amont du montage hacheur (5) activé avec un taux d'impul-  upstream of the chopper assembly (5) activated with a pulse rate sions prédéterminé, ledit dispositif de commande activant  sions predetermined, said control device activating la tension d'entrée du montage hacheur (5) par l'intermé-  the input voltage of the chopper assembly (5) via diaire du convertisseur de tension (4) dans la position de commutation du dispositif de commutation (12) correspondant à la charge de la batterie de traction (1) en fonction de la tension de charge et du courant de charge, et dans la position de commutation correspondant au mode de traction,  diary of the voltage converter (4) in the switching position of the switching device (12) corresponding to the charge of the traction battery (1) as a function of the charging voltage and the charging current, and in the position of switching corresponding to the traction mode, en fonction de la tension de la batterie de bord (2).  depending on the voltage of the on-board battery (2).
FR9614866A 1995-12-11 1996-12-04 CHARGING DEVICE FOR A BATTERY VEHICLE Expired - Fee Related FR2742273B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0199995A AT405227B (en) 1995-12-11 1995-12-11 CHARGING DEVICE FOR A BATTERY-POWERED VEHICLE

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AT405227B (en) 1999-06-25
ATA199995A (en) 1998-10-15
FR2742273B1 (en) 1999-01-08

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