FR2721872A1 - Head-up display device for producing additional image of road ahead - Google Patents
Head-up display device for producing additional image of road ahead Download PDFInfo
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- FR2721872A1 FR2721872A1 FR9408138A FR9408138A FR2721872A1 FR 2721872 A1 FR2721872 A1 FR 2721872A1 FR 9408138 A FR9408138 A FR 9408138A FR 9408138 A FR9408138 A FR 9408138A FR 2721872 A1 FR2721872 A1 FR 2721872A1
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- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004297 night vision Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/20—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/22—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle
- B60R1/23—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle with a predetermined field of view
- B60R1/24—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle with a predetermined field of view in front of the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/20—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/30—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles providing vision in the non-visible spectrum, e.g. night or infrared vision
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/20—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used
- B60R2300/205—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used using a head-up display
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/80—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement
- B60R2300/804—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for lane monitoring
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Instrument Panels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DISPOSITIF D'AMELIORATION DE LA VISION D'UNE
SCENE ROUTIERE
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'aide à la conduite des véhicules routiers. Plus précisément, elle concerne un dispositif destiné à améliorer la vision de la scène routière.DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE VISION OF A
ROAD SCENE
The present invention relates to the field of driving assistance for road vehicles. More specifically, it relates to a device intended to improve the vision of the road scene.
Pour améliorer la vision de la scène routière dans des conditions de conduite difficiles (nuit, brouillard ou autres intempéries), il est connu de présenter au conducteur une image vidéo de la scène routière, captée à l'aide d'une caméra, et restituée en affichage tête haute (Head Up Display), ou sur un écran d'affichage spécifique.To improve the vision of the road scene in difficult driving conditions (night, fog or other bad weather), it is known to present to the driver a video image of the road scene, captured with the aid of a camera, and reproduced in Head Up Display, or on a specific display screen.
La publication FR 2 674 198, au nom de la demanderesse, propose notamment un procédé d'amélioration de la vision automobile de nuit, consistant à éclairer la route et les objets qui s'y trouvent à l'aide de deux projecteurs de longue portée émettant des rayons de longueur d'ondes déterminée, à capter une image de la chaussée éclairée par ces deux projecteurs, et à restituer au conducteur une image résultant de cette prise de vue. La restitution de l'image "améliorée" de la scène routière élaborée conformément à un tel procédé peut s'effectuer sur un écran situé à proximité du champ de vision habituel du conducteur, mais contraignant dans tous les cas ce dernier à détourner son regard de la scène routière. La projection d'une image "améliorée" en vison tête haute sur le pare-brise du véhicule permet de supprimer cet inconvénient, mais s'accompagne inévitablement d'un décalage de l'image projetée, par rapport à la scène routière reelle. Par suite, il n'est pas aisé pour le conducteur d'établir la correspondance entre les détails de la scène routière et ceux de l'image vidéo.The publication FR 2 674 198, in the name of the applicant, proposes in particular a method for improving automobile night vision, consisting of lighting the road and the objects therein using two long-range searchlights emitting rays of determined wavelength, to capture an image of the roadway lit by these two projectors, and to restore to the driver an image resulting from this shooting. The restitution of the "improved" image of the road scene developed in accordance with such a process can be carried out on a screen located near the driver's usual field of vision, but in all cases compelling the latter to look away from the road scene. The projection of an "improved" image in head-up vision on the windshield of the vehicle eliminates this drawback, but is inevitably accompanied by a shift in the projected image, compared to the real road scene. Consequently, it is not easy for the driver to establish the correspondence between the details of the road scene and those of the video image.
La demande de brevet français FR 9 400 463 au nom de la demanderesse et non publiée à ce jour décrit un dispositif destiné à présenter au conducteur des informations visuelles superposées à une image réduite de la scène routière. Cependant, ce dispositif permet uniquement d'afficher sur celle-ci des indicateurs lumineux d'aide à la conduite et n'améliore pas sa visibilité.French patent application FR 9 400 463 in the name of the applicant and not published to date describes a device intended to present to the driver visual information superimposed on a reduced image of the road scene. However, this device only makes it possible to display on it light indicators for driving assistance and does not improve its visibility.
La présente invention a pour but d'améliorer la vision d'une scène routière en toutes circonstances, grâce à la restitution au conducteur, d'une image réduite optimisée de oelle-ci. The present invention aims to improve the vision of a road scene in all circumstances, thanks to the restitution to the driver, of an optimized reduced image thereof.
Elle concerne un dispositif embarqué d'amélioration de la vision d'une scène routière par projection d'une image optimisée de celle-ci dans le champ de vision habituel du conducteur. Ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de réduction de la scène routière réelle observée, des moyens électroniques de prise de vue de traitement et de restitution de la même scène, et un mélangeur assurant la superposition de l'image réduite et de l'image restituée, dans un même plan de projection.It relates to an on-board device for improving the vision of a road scene by projecting an optimized image thereof into the driver's usual field of vision. This device is characterized in that it comprises means for reducing the actual road scene observed, electronic means for taking pictures processing and restoring the same scene, and a mixer ensuring the superimposition of the reduced image and of the restored image, in the same projection plane.
Le fonctionnement d'un tel dispositif suppose une bonne visibilité des éléments contenus dans chacune des deux images superposées.The operation of such a device requires good visibility of the elements contained in each of the two superimposed images.
Conformément à l'invention, il est prévu dans ce but de munir le dispositif, de moyens assurant le réglage de la luminosité relative des deux images superposées, afin que l'une d'elles ne disparaisse pas au profit de l'autre.According to the invention, it is provided for this purpose to provide the device with means ensuring the adjustment of the relative brightness of the two superimposed images, so that one of them does not disappear in favor of the other.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, la réduction de la scène routière est assurée par une lentille divergente, et la prise de vue et la restitution de celle-ci sont assurées par une caméra, un boîtier électronique de traitement et un afficheur lumineux tel qu'un afficheur vidéo.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the reduction of the road scene is ensured by a divergent lens, and the shooting and the restitution thereof are provided by a camera, an electronic processing unit and a display bright such as a video display.
De façon préférentielle, les moyens de réglage de luminosité sont constitués par un filtre à transmittance variable, pouvant notamment être intégré dans l'élément semi-réfléchissant ou la lentille divergente.Preferably, the brightness adjustment means are constituted by a variable transmittance filter, which can in particular be integrated into the semi-reflecting element or the diverging lens.
Un autre aspect de l'invention consiste à proposer un système optique garantissant une superposition exacte des deux images. Another aspect of the invention consists in proposing an optical system guaranteeing an exact superposition of the two images.
Elle prévoit pour cela d'utiliser comme mélangeur un miroir plan semi-réfléchissant, ou en variante, un miroir convexe semiréfléchissant assurant simultanément l'agrandissement de l'image restituée par l'afficheur lumineux, et son mélange avec l'image réduite de la scène routière.It provides for this to use as a mixer a semi-reflecting plane mirror, or alternatively, a semi-reflecting convex mirror simultaneously ensuring the enlargement of the image reproduced by the light display, and its mixing with the reduced image of the road scene.
Par ailleurs, il est important que le dispositif d'amélioration de la vision ne gêne pas le conducteur.Furthermore, it is important that the vision improvement device does not interfere with the driver.
L'invention propose à cet effet d'intégrer au dispositif un prisme à arête horizontale, disposé à proximité de l'élément semiréfléchissant, de façon à dévier les rayons lumineux issus de celui-ci, en direction du conducteur.To this end, the invention proposes integrating into the device a prism with a horizontal edge, disposed near the semireflective element, so as to deflect the light rays coming from the latter, in the direction of the conductor.
Le dispositif pourra dans ce cas être réglable en orientation autour d'un axe horizontal parallèle à l'arête de ce prisme.The device may in this case be adjustable in orientation around a horizontal axis parallel to the edge of this prism.
L'objectif de l'invention consiste notamment à obtenir une vision améliorée de la scène routière.The objective of the invention consists in particular in obtaining an improved vision of the road scene.
Pour atteindre cet objectif, il est prévu que les moyens de prise de vue de la scène routière soient plus sensibles que l'oeil humain dans une partie ou dans la totalité du spectre visible et/ou en dehors du spectre visible.To achieve this objective, it is expected that the means of shooting the road scene will be more sensitive than the human eye in part or all of the visible spectrum and / or outside the visible spectrum.
L'image restituée par l'afficheur lumineux pourra en outre être enrichie de symboles élaborés à partir d'informations fournies par des capteurs additionnels, tels que des capteurs d'environnement ou de proximité.The image reproduced by the light display may also be enriched with symbols developed from information supplied by additional sensors, such as environmental or proximity sensors.
Ces symboles pourront notamment être utilisés pour matérialiser sur l'image projetée, une distance de sécurité à respecter vis-à-vis des autres véhicules.These symbols could in particular be used to materialize on the projected image, a safety distance to be respected vis-à-vis other vehicles.
Enfin, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, on peut envisager que l'image restituée par l'afficheur lumineux ne comporte que ces symboles et/ou que ceux-ci puissent être déplacés sur l'image, en fonction des informations fournies par les capteurs additionnels. Finally, without departing from the scope of the invention, it can be envisaged that the image reproduced by the light display includes only these symbols and / or that these can be moved over the image, according to the information provided by additional sensors.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation particulier de oelle-ci, en liaison avec les dessins annexés sur lesquels - les figures 1 à 4, 6 et 7 représentent schématiquement différents
modes de réalisation de l'invention, - la figure 5 illustre le réglage en orientation du dispositif proposé,
et - la figure 8 est un exemple d'image améliorée par un tel dispositif,
projetée au conducteur dans son champ de vision habituel.The present invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a particular embodiment thereof, in conjunction with the appended drawings in which - Figures 1 to 4, 6 and 7 schematically represent different
embodiments of the invention, FIG. 5 illustrates the adjustment in orientation of the proposed device,
and FIG. 8 is an example of an image improved by such a device,
projected to the driver in his usual field of vision.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une lentille divergente 1, placée entre le pare-brise 2 et l'oeil 8 du conducteur. La lentille 1 forme pour l'oeil 8 une image virtuelle réduite 9 de la scène routière 11.In Figure 1, there is shown a diverging lens 1, placed between the windshield 2 and the eye 8 of the driver. The lens 1 forms for the eye 8 a reduced virtual image 9 of the road scene 11.
Cette image est située sensiblement dans le plan focal de la lentille 1, dès que la distance d entre la scène 1 1 et la lentille 1 devient supérieure à la distance focale fl de la lentille 1. Si fl est inférieur à lm, cette condition est remplie dès que d dépasse quelques mètres.This image is located substantially in the focal plane of the lens 1, as soon as the distance d between the scene 1 1 and the lens 1 becomes greater than the focal distance fl of the lens 1. If fl is less than lm, this condition is filled as soon as d exceeds a few meters.
L'image de la scène routière 11 est par ailleurs captée par une caméra 3, traitée électroniquement par un boîtier 5, et restituée par un afficheur vidéo 4 de type courant. La lentille convergente 6, forme une image virtuelle agrandie 10 de l'image vidéo 4, tandis qu'un élément semi-réfléchissant, par exemple un miroir 7 plan semi-réfléchissant, assure la combinaison, pour l'oeil 8, des images virtuelles 10 et 11.The image of the road scene 11 is moreover captured by a camera 3, electronically processed by a box 5, and reproduced by a video display 4 of common type. The converging lens 6 forms an enlarged virtual image 10 of the video image 4, while a semi-reflecting element, for example a semi-reflecting plane mirror 7, ensures the combination, for the eye 8, of the virtual images 10 and 11.
La distance focale f6 de la lentille convergente 6 ainsi que la disposition relative de l'afficheur 4, de la lentille convergente 6 et de l'élément semi-réfléchissant 7 sont choisies de façon à ce que l'image virtuelle 10 de l'image vidéo 4' soit située à la même distance du centre de l'élément réfléchissant 7, que l'image virtuelle 9 de la scène routière. Pour l'oeil 8 de l'observateur, l'image vidéo 10 vue au travers de l'élément semi-réfléchissant 7 et de la lentille convergente 6 se trouve dans le même plan que l'image 9 de la scène routière 11. Elle est donc superposée à celle-ci.The focal distance f6 of the converging lens 6 as well as the relative arrangement of the display 4, the converging lens 6 and the semi-reflecting element 7 are chosen so that the virtual image 10 of the image video 4 'is located at the same distance from the center of the reflecting element 7, as the virtual image 9 of the road scene. For the observer's eye 8, the video image 10 seen through the semi-reflecting element 7 and the converging lens 6 is in the same plane as the image 9 of the road scene 11. It is therefore superimposed on it.
L'échelle de l'image virtuelle 10 réfléchie sur l'élément 7 est déterminée par l'objectif de la caméra 3, la taille de son élément sensible, le traitement de l'image dans le boîtier électronique 5, les dimensions de l'écran d'affichage 4 et le grossissement de la lentille convergente 6. Conformément à l'invention, il est prévu que l'échelle de l'image virtuelle 10, agrandie par la lentille convergente 6 en sortie de l'afficheur 4, soit la même que celle de l'image virtuelle 9 réduite par la lentille divergente 1, donc que ces deux images se superposent exactement pour l'observateur 8. Ce dernier dispose donc d'une image réduite composée, résultant de la superposition d'une réduction optique de la scène routière, et d'une image vidéo de celle-ci.The scale of the virtual image 10 reflected on the element 7 is determined by the lens of the camera 3, the size of its sensitive element, the processing of the image in the electronic unit 5, the dimensions of the display screen 4 and the magnification of the converging lens 6. According to the invention, it is provided that the scale of the virtual image 10, enlarged by the converging lens 6 at the output of the display 4, is the same as that of the virtual image 9 reduced by the diverging lens 1, therefore that these two images are superimposed exactly for the observer 8. The latter therefore has a reduced reduced image, resulting from the superposition of an optical reduction of the road scene, and a video image of it.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation de l'invention illustré par la figure 1, l'image vidéo agrandie 10 est perçue par l'oeil 8 du conducteur après réflexion sur l'élément semi-réfléchissant 7. L'inversion d'image résultant de cette réflexion est bien entendu corrigée par une autre inversion, obtenue de façon simple au niveau de la caméra 3, ou du boîtier 5, notamment en inversant le sens du balayage vidéo.In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 1, the enlarged video image 10 is perceived by the driver's eye 8 after reflection on the semi-reflecting element 7. The image inversion resulting from this reflection is of course corrected by another inversion, obtained in a simple manner at the level of the camera 3, or of the housing 5, in particular by reversing the direction of the video scanning.
Comme indiqué sur la figure 2, la correction mentionnée ci-dessus peut être assurée par un miroir supplémentaire 7', placé sur le trajet des rayons lumineux issus de l'afficheur 4, entre ce dernier et la lentille convergente 6.As indicated in FIG. 2, the correction mentioned above can be ensured by an additional mirror 7 ′, placed on the path of the light rays coming from the display 4, between the latter and the converging lens 6.
La figure 3 illustre un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, selon lequel, la superposition des images 9 et 12 de la scène 11, obtenues respectivement par voie optique, et à partir de la caméra 3, est effectuée avant sa réduction par la lentille divergente 1. L'image 4' fournie par l'afficheur 4 est située au voisinage du plan focal de la lentille convergente 6, de sorte que son image virtuelle 12 au travers de celle-ci en est suffisamment éloignée pour pouvoir être superposée sur l'élément semi-réfléchissant 7, à l'image réduite 9 vue au travers de la lentille divergente 1. FIG. 3 illustrates a particular embodiment of the invention, according to which, the superimposition of the images 9 and 12 of the scene 11, obtained respectively by optical means, and from the camera 3, is carried out before its reduction by the divergent lens 1. The image 4 'provided by the display 4 is located in the vicinity of the focal plane of the convergent lens 6, so that its virtual image 12 through it is sufficiently far from it to be able to be superimposed on the semi-reflecting element 7, in the reduced image 9 seen through the diverging lens 1.
Comme précédemment, les lentilles 1 et 6, ainsi que l'emplacement relatif de tous les éléments intervenant dans les deux chaînes d'images seront choisis de façon à obtenir une superposition pratiquement parfaite de l'image réduite par voie optique 9 et de l'image vidéo agrandie 12.As before, the lenses 1 and 6, as well as the relative location of all the elements involved in the two image chains will be chosen so as to obtain a practically perfect superposition of the reduced image optically 9 and of the enlarged video image 12.
Conformément à la figure 4, il est possible d'ajouter au dispositif décrit ci-dessus un prisme 13 à arête horizontale, à proximité de l'élément semi-réfléchissant 7, de façon à dévier les rayons lumineux issus de celui-ci en direction de l'observateur 8. Cette disposition permet d'obtenir le même résultat que précédemment, sans être tenu de placer le système optique de réduction d'image (lentille 1) sur le trajet direct conduisant de l'oeil 8 à la scène routière 11. Grâce au prisme 13, il est possible de placer le dispositif d'amélioration de la vision d'une scène routière proposé par l'invention, dans la partie inférieure du pare-brise.In accordance with FIG. 4, it is possible to add to the device described above a prism 13 with a horizontal edge, near the semi-reflecting element 7, so as to deflect the light rays coming from the latter in the direction of the observer 8. This arrangement makes it possible to obtain the same result as previously, without being required to place the optical image reduction system (lens 1) on the direct path leading from the eye 8 to the road scene 11 Thanks to the prism 13, it is possible to place the device for improving the vision of a road scene proposed by the invention, in the lower part of the windshield.
La figure 5 montre que cette déviation peut avantageusement être réglée en faisant pivoter le prisme 13 autour d'un axe horizontal parallèle à son arête. Cette disposition permet d'adapter le dispositif proposé à l'emplacement de l'oeil 8 de chaque conducteur empruntant le véhicule. Le réglage du prisme 13 pourra bien entendu être manuel ou motorisé.Figure 5 shows that this deviation can advantageously be adjusted by rotating the prism 13 about a horizontal axis parallel to its edge. This arrangement makes it possible to adapt the proposed device to the location of the eye 8 of each driver using the vehicle. The adjustment of the prism 13 could of course be manual or motorized.
La figure 6 fait apparaître dans le dispositif un filtre optique 14. Ce filtre 14 est introduit sur le chemin optique de la scène routière perçue au travers de la lentille divergente 1, en vue d'atténuer la luminosité de l'image transmise par celle-ci, et d'équilibrer cette luminosité avec celle de l'afficheur 4. Bien entendu, la luminosité de l'afficheur 4 peut également être contrôlée par des moyens électroniques classiques. Le filtre optique 14 pourra avantageusement être un filtre à transmittance variable, soit de type passif (par exemple en matériau photochrome, dont la transmittance s'adapte automatiquement à la luminosité ambiante soit de type actif (par exemple en matériau électrochrome dont la transmisttance est déterminée par l'intensité d'un courant électrique d'alimentation ou un filtre à cristaux liquides dont la transmittance est réglable au moyen de signaux électriques). Selon une disposition avantageuse, le filtre à transmittance variable 14 et l'élément semi-réfléchissant 7 pourront être confondus. De même, on peut envisager de réaliser la lentille divergente 1 elle-même, en matériau à transmittance variable.FIG. 6 shows in the device an optical filter 14. This filter 14 is introduced on the optical path of the road scene perceived through the diverging lens 1, with a view to attenuating the brightness of the image transmitted by it. ci, and to balance this brightness with that of the display 4. Of course, the brightness of the display 4 can also be controlled by conventional electronic means. The optical filter 14 could advantageously be a variable transmittance filter, either of the passive type (for example of photochromic material, the transmittance of which automatically adapts to the ambient light) or of the active type (for example of electrochromic material of which the transmisttance is determined by the intensity of an electric supply current or a liquid crystal filter whose transmittance is adjustable by means of electrical signals. According to an advantageous arrangement, the variable transmittance filter 14 and the semi-reflecting element 7 can Likewise, it is possible to envisage making the divergent lens 1 itself, from a material with variable transmittance.
Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, il est possible de remplacer tout ou partie des éléments réfractifs tels que les lentilles par des éléments optiques réflectifs tels que des miroirs sphériques convexes ou concaves. La figure 7 illustre à ce sujet un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention selon lequel la lame semi-réfléchissante 7 et la lentille convergente 6 ont été remplacés par un miroir semiréfléchissant convexe 15 qui remplit ces deux fonctions.Without departing from the scope of the invention, it is possible to replace all or part of the refractive elements such as the lenses with reflective optical elements such as convex or concave spherical mirrors. FIG. 7 illustrates on this subject a particular embodiment of the invention according to which the semi-reflecting plate 7 and the converging lens 6 have been replaced by a convex semi-reflecting mirror 15 which fulfills these two functions.
La présente invention permet d'enrichir en toutes circonstances une image réduite de la scène routière obtenue par voie optique en superposant à celle-ci une image vidéo de la même scène. Cette superposition permet en effet d'améliorer la visibilité de la scène grâce au traitement de l'image vidéo. Selon les cas et les paramètres du traitement de l'image vidéo, cette amélioration peut être globale, ou se limiter à la mise en relief de certains éléments de celle-ci. I1 est en effet possible de rendre la caméra 3 plus sensible que l'oeil humain dans tout ou partie du spectre visible, ou sensible en dehors de celui-ci. On peut notamment envisager l'utilisation de caméras intensifiant l'image et de caméras sensibles aux proches infrarouges, ou aux infrarouges thermiques. Enfin, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, la source d'image pourra encore être constituée par un radar millimétrique ou par un lidar à balayage.The present invention makes it possible to enrich in all circumstances a reduced image of the road scene obtained by optical means by superimposing on it a video image of the same scene. This superimposition makes it possible to improve the visibility of the scene thanks to the processing of the video image. Depending on the case and the parameters of the video image processing, this improvement may be global, or be limited to highlighting certain elements of it. It is indeed possible to make the camera 3 more sensitive than the human eye in all or part of the visible spectrum, or sensitive outside of it. One can in particular consider the use of cameras intensifying the image and cameras sensitive to near infrared, or to thermal infrared. Finally, without departing from the scope of the invention, the image source may also be constituted by a millimeter radar or by a scanning lidar.
Dans tous les cas, le contraste de l'image vidéo est susceptible d'être rehaussé par un traitement électronique approprié, au sein du boîtier 5. Le traitement électronique de l'image vidéo peut, en outre, être sélectif, de façon à ne retenir sur l'écran que certains éléments de la scène routière, tels que les lignes blanches, les bords de la chaussée, ou d'autres véhicules. L'invention prévoit de plus d'exploiter dans ce traitement d'image, des informations fournies par des capteurs d'environnement interne ou externe spécifiques, tels que des capteurs d'humidité, de vitesse, des moyens de détection d'une cible, etc..., ou encore des capteurs de proximité détectant la présence d'obstacles potentiels sur la scène routière, tels que d'autres véhicules. Dans ce cadre, elle prévoit notamment d'intégrer dans l'image vidéo une barre horizontale, ou tout autre symbole approprié, dont l'emplacement, calculé à partir de la vitesse du véhicule est représentatif d'une distance minimale de sécurité à respecter vis-à-vis des autres véhicules.In all cases, the contrast of the video image is capable of being enhanced by an appropriate electronic processing, within the housing 5. The electronic processing of the video image can, moreover, be selective, so as not to remember on the screen that certain elements of the road scene, such as white lines, the edges of the roadway, or other vehicles. The invention also provides for using, in this image processing, information provided by specific internal or external environment sensors, such as humidity, speed sensors, means for detecting a target, etc ..., or even proximity sensors detecting the presence of potential obstacles on the road scene, such as other vehicles. In this context, it plans in particular to integrate into the video image a horizontal bar, or any other appropriate symbol, the location of which, calculated from the speed of the vehicle, is representative of a minimum safety distance to be observed. -to other vehicles.
Selon une disposition particulièrement avantageuse, la barre horizontale où les symboles mentionnés précédemment sont superposés à une image vidéo "dépouillée", ne contenant que certains éléments significatifs, de la scène routière. Conformément à la figure 8, illustrant de façon non limitative ce type de disposition, il est intéressant de ne retenir de l'image vidéo captée par la caméra 3 que les lignes de marquage au sol 16, enrichies par exemple d'indicateurs 17 de couleurs ou de luminosité spécifiques indiquant en surimpression sur les lignes 16, la distance de sécurité.According to a particularly advantageous arrangement, the horizontal bar where the symbols mentioned above are superimposed on a "stripped down" video image, containing only certain significant elements, of the road scene. In accordance with FIG. 8, illustrating in a nonlimiting manner this type of arrangement, it is advantageous to retain from the video image captured by the camera 3 only the ground marking lines 16, enriched for example with indicators 17 of colors or specific luminosity indicating in overprint on lines 16, the safety distance.
En variante, l'invention prévoit que l'image 4' générée par l'afficheur ne comporte que la barre ou les symboles matérialisant la distance de sécurité. Ces indicateurs se superposent alors avec l'image directe 9 de la scène routière 11, et la distance de sécurité est visualisée dans de très bonnes conditions de visibilité. Dans ce cas, l'afficheur vidéo 4 peut avantageusement être remplacé par d'autres types d'afficheurs générant simplement la barre ou les symboles 17 mentionnés ci-dessus. L'image fournie par un tel afficheur apparaît dans le même plan que l'image 4' de l'afficheur vidéo 4 des exemples de réalisation précédents. Enfin, on peut décider que l'image fournie par un tel afficheur soit capable de se déplacer dans ce plan par voie mécanique, optique ou électrique, de façon à restituer au conducteur les variations de la distance de sécurité. Alternatively, the invention provides that the image 4 'generated by the display includes only the bar or the symbols materializing the safety distance. These indicators are then superimposed on the direct image 9 of the road scene 11, and the safety distance is displayed in very good visibility conditions. In this case, the video display 4 can advantageously be replaced by other types of display simply generating the bar or the symbols 17 mentioned above. The image provided by such a display appears in the same plane as the image 4 ′ of the video display 4 of the previous exemplary embodiments. Finally, it can be decided that the image provided by such a display is capable of moving in this plane by mechanical, optical or electrical means, so as to restore to the driver the variations in the safety distance.
En conclusion, le dispositif d'amélioration de la vision d'une scène routière proposé par l'invention, permet d'attirer en toutes circonstances l'attention du conducteur sur certains éléments de celle-ci, le traitement d'image mis en oeuvre assurant l'obtention d'un contraste et d'une luminosité satisfaisantes, ainsi que la mise en valeur de certains éléments sélectionnés et/ou l'enrichissement de l'image par des symboles particuliers. Grâce à l'invention, le conducteur dispose à chaque instant d'informations complémentaires à la simple observation de la scène routière, consultables sans quitter des yeux cette dernière. In conclusion, the device for improving the vision of a road scene proposed by the invention, makes it possible to draw the driver's attention in all circumstances to certain elements thereof, the image processing implemented ensuring the obtaining of a satisfactory contrast and brightness, as well as the enhancement of certain selected elements and / or the enrichment of the image by particular symbols. Thanks to the invention, the driver has at all times additional information to the simple observation of the road scene, which can be consulted without taking his eyes off the latter.
Claims (18)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR9408138A FR2721872B1 (en) | 1994-07-01 | 1994-07-01 | DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE VISION OF A ROAD SCENE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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FR9408138A FR2721872B1 (en) | 1994-07-01 | 1994-07-01 | DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE VISION OF A ROAD SCENE |
Publications (2)
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FR2721872A1 true FR2721872A1 (en) | 1996-01-05 |
FR2721872B1 FR2721872B1 (en) | 1996-08-02 |
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FR9408138A Expired - Fee Related FR2721872B1 (en) | 1994-07-01 | 1994-07-01 | DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE VISION OF A ROAD SCENE |
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WO2024009027A1 (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-11 | Safran Electronics & Defense | Compact observation device configured to overlay an image of an observed scene and a processed image of the observed scene |
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