FR2719775A1 - Safety needle device for syringe comprising such a device. - Google Patents

Abstract

Syringe safety needle device (1), for assembly to a syringe body (3), having a first end region (32), a second end region (33) and a cavity (31) , between said regions (31, 32), for the capacity of the product to be injected, said device (1) comprising a needle (10), a cylindrical ring (11) and a cylindrical sleeve (2), said cylindrical ring (11) comprising a first face (12) and a second face (13), opposite to the first face (12), the two faces (12, 13) being orthogonal to the generatrices of said ring (11), the needle (10) being mounted orthogonally on the first face (12) of said ring (11), and the sleeve (2) sliding in the direction of said needle (10), around said ring (11), between a retracted position in which the needle (10) is usable and a deployed position in which the needle (10) is protected. The length, depending on the direction of the needle (10), of the assembly consisting of the ring (11) and the needle (10) mounted thereon, is less than or equal to the length of the sheath (2) .

Description

SAFETY NEEDLE DEVICE FOR SYRINGE AND

  SYRINGE COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE.

  The invention relates to a safety needle device for a syringe and a syringe body suitable for mounting such a device, the assembly consisting of said device and said syringe body forming a syringe. Recent diseases such as AIDS or hepatitis, which can be transmitted by blood, force medical personnel to throw away syringe needles after first use, the syringe body being able to be kept and the needle replaced. In their rapid handling, the medical personnel performing the injection are

  exposed to a puncture on the tip of the needle.

  To limit these drawbacks, US Pat. No. 4,631,057 in the name of Dolores A. Smith discloses a syringe comprising a cylindrical sheath integral with the syringe body and sliding around it, between a retracted position in which the needle is accessible, and a deployed position in which the needle is protected. This invention however has the disadvantage of not allowing protection

  of the needle when replacing it.

  Patent WO 87/02254 in the name of Physionic Gesellschaft FUr Medizin und SystemTechnik Gmbh discloses similar syringes whose sheath is integral with the syringe body and having the same drawback. For certain devices also disclosed in this patent and in patent No. FR - 2 618 075 in the name of Public Assistance, the needle is not replaceable, which presents a cost disadvantage, the complete syringe having to be

discarded after use.

  Patent no GB - 2,178,322 in the name of National Research Development Corporation discloses a safety device comprising a needle on a housing and a sheath integral with said housing and sliding around it, said housing being pressed on a syringe body for constitute a syringe. The sheath being longer than the needle to protect it, but shorter than the housing on which it slides, the syringe according to this invention is bulky and inconvenient,

because of great length.

  An object of the invention is to provide a safety needle device for a disposable, inexpensive syringe separable from the syringe body intended to be reused, said device comprising the needle and a system for protecting the latter, l size of the syringe consisting of the syringe body and of the device according to the invention, not being substantially greater than that

of a syringe of a conventional type.

  To this end, the invention relates to a safety needle device for a syringe, intended to be assembled to a syringe body, comprising a first end region, a second end region and a cavity between said regions, for the capacity of the product to be injected, said device comprising a needle provided with an injection channel, a cylindrical ring and a cylindrical sheath, said cylindrical ring comprising a first face and a second face, opposite the first face, the two faces being orthogonal to the generatrices of said ring, the needle being mounted orthogonally on the first face of said ring, and the sheath sliding in the direction of said needle, around said ring, between a retracted position in which the needle is usable and a deployed position in which the needle is protected, which device is characterized in that the length, in the direction of the needle, of the assembly consisting of the ring and the needle mounted thereon, is less than or substantially equal to the length of the sheath. Preferably, the sleeve is integral with the ring: a) the sleeve is hollow cylindrical and comprises a first end region and a second end region, said first end region comprising a stop surface, in a plane of section orthogonal to the direction of the generatrices of said hollow cylinder forming said sheath, said abutment surface having an opening for the passage of the needle, said second end region being open so as to introduce the syringe body therein and comprising, in a peripheral region of the interior of the sheath, a stop rib; b) the ring slides in the hollow cylindrical sheath, between the retracted position, in which the first face of the ring abuts against the abutment surface, and the deployed position, in which the second face of the

  ring is in abutment against the abutment rib.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the second face of the cylindrical ring comprises a recessed part of cylindrical shape, the internal periphery of which is provided with a first assembly means, cooperating with a second assembly means arranged in the first region end of the syringe body, said recessed part being dimensioned so as to insert a projecting part of said first end region and

  communicating with the needle injection channel.

  According to an embodiment corresponding to the reversal of the means, the second face of the cylindrical ring comprises a projecting part of cylindrical shape, provided with a hollow region, the external periphery of said projecting part comprising a first means of assembly, cooperating with a second assembly means disposed in the first end region of the syringe body, said projecting part being dimensioned so as to fit into a hollowed part of said first end region and said hollow region communicating with the needle injection channel. According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the hollow cylindrical sheath comprises at least one rib according to one of its generatrices and the cylindrical ring comprises at least one first recess according to one of its generatrices, said rib being complementary to said first recess in which it slide, so as to constitute a guide of the sheath between the retracted position and the position

deployed.

  According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, at least one rib of the sheath has a first end in the first end region of the sheath and a second end in the second end region of the sheath and the cylindrical ring has at least one second recess along one of its generatrices, said second recess being arranged along a portion of the length of said ring, between the first face and a solid end in the direction of the second face, said rib being complementary to said second recess in which said rib slides until its second end abuts against the solid end of said second recess, so as to lock the sheath

in the deployed position.

  The invention also relates to a syringe of the type consisting of a syringe body, a syringe plunger and such a syringe safety device, in which the sheath slides on the ring, around the

syringe body.

  According to one embodiment, the syringe body comprises a projecting part of cylindrical shape, provided with a hollow region, the external periphery of said projecting part comprising a second assembly means, cooperating with the first assembly means of the internal periphery of the cylindrical hollowed-out part of the cylindrical ring, said projecting part being inserted and assembling in said hollowed-out part, said hollow region communicating on the one hand with the cavity of the syringe body and somewhere else with the

needle injection channel.

  According to another embodiment, corresponding to the reversal of the means, the syringe body comprises a hollow part of cylindrical shape, the internal periphery of which is provided with a second assembly means, cooperating with the first assembly means of the external periphery of the cylindrical projecting part of the cylindrical ring, said projecting part fitting and assembling in said recessed part, which communicates on the one hand with the cavity of the syringe body and on the other share with the canal

needle injection.

  Advantageously, the hollowed-out portion of cylindrical shape comprises a portion of hollow cylindrical tube, at its center, parallel to its generatrices, fitting with slight play into the hollow region of the protruding portion, when the latter is assembled to the recessed part, so that said tube constitutes a channel for the passage of the product from the body cavity

  syringe to the needle injection channel.

  Other features and advantages will emerge from

  the following description of the accompanying drawings in which:

  * Figures 1-A to 1-D are different views of the ring and the needle mounted on this ring, according to the invention, * Figures 2-A to 2-E are different views of the syringe body and the piston, according to the invention, * Figure 3-A is a section along AA of the syringe in which the sheath is locked in the deployed position, * Figure 3-B is a section along BB of the syringe in which the sheath is in the retracted position, the safety needle device for syringe and the syringe comprising such a device, in accordance with the invention and as illustrated, by way of example, in the figures of series 1 to 3, is specifically intended for a use in fast conditions, in medium to

  risk of contamination of diseases by blood.

  To respond to such characteristics, the device 1 according to the invention comprises a ring 11 and a needle 10 illustrated in FIG. 1-A to 1-D. In the following, the direction of the needle is a longitudinal direction. The lengths are distances in this direction. The generators of all cylindrical parts are parallel to this direction, which is

  also a main axis A of the syringe.

  The ring 11, generally made of plastic, is molded onto the injection needle 10. It is cylindrical in shape, with a main axis A and has a first face 12 and a second face 13, orthogonal to the axis A and opposite one another. Needle 10 comes out

  orthogonally of the first face 12.

  The second face comprises a projecting part 14 of cylindrical shape, of main axis A and of diameter smaller than the diameter of the ring 11. Said projecting part 14 comprises a hollow region 15, cylindrical of main axis A, in communication with the injection channel of the needle 10, through an orifice at the bottom of said hollow region, in a plane parallel to the second face 13. The external periphery 15 of said protruding part 14 comprises a means of assembly 16 to the body of

syringe 3.

  In FIGS. 2-A to 2-E, the syringe body 3 and the

  plunger 4 are similar to those of conventional syringes.

  The piston 4 is identical. The syringe body 3 is cylindrical with a main axis A and comprises a first end region 32, a second end region 33, opposite the first on the axis A, and a cavity 31 delimited by a cylinder between the two said regions

  end for the capacity of the product to be injected.

  The second end region 33 has an opening for the introduction of the piston 4 and actuating ears 37, arranged in a plane orthogonal to

  axis A, in a radial direction from the cylinder.

  The thumb of the practitioner's hand presses on the piston and the index and middle fingers of the same hand hold the syringe body 3 by action on these ears 37, opposite to

thumb action.

  The first end region 32 is different from that of a conventional syringe body: it is adapted to the assembly of the ring 11. For this purpose, it comprises a cylindrical region of recessed axis A 34, the diameter of which is suitable for inserting the projecting part 14 of the ring 11 with little play. Said hollowed part 34 comprises, on its internal periphery 35 a second assembly means 36, cooperating with the first assembly means 16 arranged on the outer periphery 15 of the

  protruding part 14 of the ring 11.

  The first 16 and the second assembly means 36 constitute an assembly by screwing. In the embodiment of the syringe body 3 presented in FIG. 2-D, the second assembly means 36 is a thread of the internal periphery 35 of the recessed part 34. In the embodiment of the ring 11 presented in FIGS. 1- A to 1D, the first assembly means consists of two thin strips 16 arranged radially over a diameter in the plane of the region opening

  hollow 17 of the projecting part 14 of the ring 11.

  Many variants of these means can be envisaged, such as the cooperation of complementary threads, lugs or tongues in a thread, bayonets in hollows of various shapes having locking positions, without going beyond the scope of the invention. The inversion of the means, in particular the projecting part 14 and the hollowed out part 34, between the ring 11 and the syringe body 3 remains within the scope of the invention. Advantageously and in order to eliminate the risks of leakage of the product to be injected, by constituting a baffle, the hollowed-out part 34 of the syringe body comprises a portion of cylindrical tube 30 of main axis A. This tube has a smaller diameter than that of the hollow part 34 which contains it. It communicates with the cavity 31, of which it constitutes the outlet channel. Its diameter is suitable for insertion with little play, or even stamping, in the hollow region 17 of the projecting part 14 of the

  ring 11. After assembly by the means described above

  above, one end of said tube 30 faces the orifice of the injection channel of the needle 10 at the bottom of said hollow region 17. The tube 30 constitutes a channel from the cavity 31 of the syringe body to the channel of injection of

needle 10.

  In FIGS. 3-A and 3-B, the device 1 with a safety needle for a syringe has a sheath 2 consisting of a hollow cylindrical body with a main axis A, of internal diameter suitable for sliding around the ring 11 and the syringe body 3 assembled therewith, between a so-called retracted position and a so-called deployed position. The inside diameter of the cylindrical sheath 2 is therefore substantially the outside diameter of the ring 11 and is greater than the diameter of the syringe body 3. This cylindrical sheath 2 has a first 28 and a second end region 29 opposite on the axis A. Like the syringe body 3, the sheath has an opening in a plane, orthogonal to axis A, of the second end region 29, so as to insert therein the syringe body 3 to be assembled to the ring 11 which slides in said sleeve 2. Two actuating ears 27 are arranged radially on the same diameter in a

  plane parallel to the plane of the opening.

  The first end region 28 is closed by a stop surface 24 orthogonal to the axis A. This stop surface 24 has an opening 26 for the passage of

needle 10.

  In the retracted position, shown in FIG. 3-B, the needle 10 passes through the opening 26 and the first face 12 of the ring 11 is in abutment against the abutment surface 24 of the sleeve 2. In the deployed position, shown in FIG. 3 -A, the sheath 2 contains the ring 11 and the needle 10. The sheath 2 is therefore of a length greater than that of the assembly consisting of the ring 11

and needle 10.

  The sleeve 2 is made integral with the ring 11, by an abutment rib 25 disposed on the internal periphery of the latter in a plane orthogonal to the axis A. In the deployed position of the sleeve, the second face 13 of the

  ring 11 abuts against this rib 25.

  l The sleeve 2 also comprises two guide ribs 21 arranged longitudinally along generatrices opposite a diameter of the sleeve 2. These ribs extend between a first end 22, in the first end region 28 of the sleeve 2 , and more particularly against the abutment surface 24, and a second end 23, in a second end region 29 of the sleeve 2, between the abutment surface 24

and the stop rib 25.

  In FIG. 1-A, the ring 11 comprises two first recesses 18 arranged longitudinally along generatrices opposite a diameter BB of said ring 11. The rib 21 of the sleeve 2 being complementary to said first recess 18 in which it slide, so as to constitute a guide for said sheath 2 between the

  retracted position and deployed position.

  The ring 11 also includes two second recesses 19 arranged longitudinally along generatrices opposite a diameter AA of said ring 11. These second recesses 19 are not arranged over the entire length of the ring 11, but over a limited portion about half of it, from the first face 12 of the ring 11, to a solid end of the recess, in the direction of the second face 13. The rib 21 of the sleeve 2 is complementary to said second recess 19 in which it slides until the second end 23 of said rib 21 abuts against the solid end of the recess 19. In this position in abutment of the rib 21, the sleeve 2

  is locked in the deployed position.

  To improve locking by a ratchet effect, the invention provides a thickened zone of the rib 21 cooperating with a thinned zone of the second recess 19, when the second end 23 of said rib 21 is in abutment against the solid end of said second recess 19. The same pawl effect could be obtained by reversing the thinned and thickened regions on the rib 21 and the second recess 19. The first 18 and the second recesses 19 are alternated on the periphery of the ring 11 and are formed by pairs of contiguous recesses, a pair comprising a first recess 18 and a second recess 19 at a distance from each other identical for the two pairs. Each of these pairs of recesses is arranged in an arc A-B of the periphery of the ring 11, delimited by the axes A-A and B-B. On this arc A-B, between the first 18 and the second recess 19, the length of the ring 11 is advantageously reduced, for example by a quarter. This proportion must be sufficiently less than the length of the second recess 19, so that said recess 19 does not merge with the recess thus produced on the arc A-B. The distance between the abutment rib 25 and the second end 23 of the guide rib 21 is less than the distance from the first face 12 to the second face 13 of the ring 11 but greater than the length of the outer periphery of the ring on the arc AB, in such a way that the rotation of the ring, when the sheath is deployed, is limited to an angular sector between a first position in which each guide rib 21 is aligned on a first recess 18 of a pair , and a second position in which said guide rib 21 is aligned with the second recess 19 of the same pair. This limited rotation of the ring 11 in the sheath 2 makes it possible to assemble the syringe body 3 on the ring 11, since the rotation of the syringe body 3 does not infinitely cause the ring 11. The recesses 18, 19 of a pair are arranged relative to each other so that the direction of rotation for assembly drives the ring 11 in the first position relative to the sleeve 2, in which the guide ribs 21 can slide in the first recesses 18 to retract the sheath 2 and use the needle 10 and in such a way that the direction of rotation for disassembly drives the ring 11 in the second position relative to the sheath 2, in which the guide ribs 21 can slide in the second recesses 19 to lock the sheath 2 in

  extended position and protect the needle 10.

  Many improvements, in particular material recesses as shown in the figures, can be made without departing from the scope of the invention which discloses a safety needle device for syringe, disposable, inexpensive, separable from the syringe body intended to be reused, said device comprising the needle and a system for protecting the latter, the size of the syringe consisting of the syringe body and of the device according to the invention, not being appreciably greater than that of a syringe 'a classic type.

Claims (16)

  1. Device (1) with syringe safety needle, intended to be assembled with a syringe body (3), comprising a first end region (32), a second end region (33) and a cavity ( 31), between said regions (31, 32), for the capacity of the product to be injected, said device (1) comprising a needle (10) provided with an injection channel, a cylindrical ring (11) and a cylindrical sheath (2), said cylindrical ring (11) having a first face (12) and a second face (13), opposite to the first face (12), the two faces (12, 13) being orthogonal to the generatrices of said ring ( 11), the needle (10) being mounted orthogonally on the first face (12) of said ring (11), and the sheath (2) sliding in the direction of said needle (10), around said ring (11) , between a retracted position in which the needle (10) can be used and a deployed position in which the needle (10) is protected aegean, which device (1) is characterized in that the length, in the direction of the needle (10), of the assembly consisting of the ring (11) and the needle (10) mounted thereon, is less than or substantially equal to the length of sheath (2).   2. Device (1) with safety needle for syringe, according to claim 1, characterized in that the   sheath (2) is integral with the ring (11).   3. Device (1) with safety needle for syringe, according to claim 2, characterized in that: a) the sheath (2) is hollow cylindrical and comprises a first end region (28) and a second region of end (29), said first end region (28) having an abutment surface (24), in a plane of section orthogonal to the direction of the generatrices of said hollow cylinder forming said sheath (2), said abutment surface (24 ) comprising an opening (26) for the passage of the needle (10), said second end region (29) being open so as to introduce the syringe body (3) therein and comprising, in a peripheral region of the inside the sheath (2), a stop rib (25); b) the ring slides in the hollow cylindrical sheath (2), between the retracted position, in which the first face (12) of the ring (11) is in abutment against the abutment surface (24), and the deployed position, in which the second face (13) of the ring (11) abuts against the stop rib (25).   4. Device (1) with safety needle for syringe,   according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in   that the second face (13) of the cylindrical ring (11) comprises a recessed portion of cylindrical shape, the internal periphery of which is provided with a first assembly means (16), cooperating with a second assembly means ( 36) disposed in the first end region (32) of the syringe body (3), said recessed part being dimensioned so as to insert therein a projecting part of said first end region and communicating with the channel needle injection (10).   5. Safety device (1) for syringe,   according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in   that the second face (13) of the cylindrical ring (11) comprises a projecting part (14) of cylindrical shape, provided with a hollow region (17), the external periphery (15) of said projecting part (14 ) comprising a first assembly means (16), cooperating with a second assembly means (36) disposed in the first end region (32) of the syringe body (3), said projecting part (14) being dimensioned so as to fit into a recessed part (34) of said first end region (32) and said hollow region (17) communicating with the needle injection channel (10).   6. Device (1) with safety needle for syringe, according to one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the first means (16) and the second assembly means (36) has a threaded part, the other means cooperating with this part   threaded for assembly.   7. Device (1) with safety needle for syringe,   according to one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in   that at least one of the first means (16) and the second assembly means (36) comprises at least one bayonet, the other means cooperating with this at   minus a bayonet to carry out the assembly.   8. Device (1) with safety needle for syringe,   according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in   that the hollow cylindrical sheath (2) has at least one rib (21) along one of its generatrices and that the cylindrical ring (11) has at least one first recess (18) along one of its generatrices, said rib ( 21) being complementary to said first recess (18) in which it slides, so as to constitute a guide for the sheath (2) between the retracted position and the deployed position. 9. Device (1) with safety needle for syringe, according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one rib (21) of the sheath (2) has a first end (22) in the first end region ( 28) of the sleeve (2) and a second end (23) in the second end region (29) of the sleeve (2) and in that the cylindrical ring (11) comprises at least a second recess (19) in a of its generatrices, said second recess (19) being arranged along a portion of the length of said ring (11), between the first face (12) and a solid end in the direction of the second face (13), said rib ( 21) being complementary to said second recess (19) in which said rib (21) slides until its second end (23) abuts against the solid end of said second recess (19), so as to produce locking the   sleeve (2) in the deployed position.   10. Device (1) with syringe safety needle, according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one rib (21), the second end (23) of which abuts against the solid end of a second recess (19), has a thickened region, respectively thinned, near said second end (23) and cooperating by ratcheting in a thinned region, respectively thickened, of said second recess (19), arranged   near its full end.   11. Safety needle device (1) for syringe,   according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in   that the hollow cylindrical sheath (2) comprises, in the second end region (29), at least one actuating lug (27), diverging in a radial direction, from the external surface said sheath (2).   12. Syringe consisting of a syringe body (3), a syringe plunger (4) and a syringe safety device (1), according to one of   claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the   sleeve (2) slides on the ring (11), around the syringe body (3).   13. Syringe according to claim 12, characterized in that the syringe body (3) comprises a projecting part of cylindrical shape, provided with a hollow region, the external periphery of said projecting part comprising a second means of assembly (36), cooperating with the first means of assembly (16) of the internal periphery of the hollow part of cylindrical shape of the cylindrical ring (11), said projecting part inserting and assembling in said hollow part , said hollow region communicating on the one hand with the cavity (31) of the syringe body (3) and on the other hand with the channel needle injection (10).   14. Syringe, according to claim 12, characterized in that the syringe body (3) comprises a recessed part (34) of cylindrical shape, the internal periphery (35) of which is provided with a second assembly means (36 ), cooperating with the first assembly means (16) of the external periphery (15) of the projecting part (15) of cylindrical shape of the cylindrical ring (1:!, adi: e projecting part (15) s '' inserting and assembling in said recessed part (35), which communicates on the one hand with the cavity (31) of the syringe body (3) and on the other hand with the injection channel of the needle (10 ).   15. Syringe according to one of claims 13 to 14,   characterized in that the hollow part (35) of cylindrical shape, comprises a portion of hollow cylindrical tube (30), in its center, parallel to its generatrices, fitting with little play in the hollow region (17) of the projecting part (14), when the latter is assembled with the recessed part (34), in such a way that said tube (30) constitutes a channel for the passage of the product from the cavity (31) of the syringe body (3 ) at the injection channel of the needle (10).   16. Syringe according to one of claims 12 to 15,   characterized in that: a) the ring (11) has as many first recesses (18) as there are second recesses (19), said first recesses (18) and second recesses (19) being alternated on the periphery of the ring (11 ), a first recess (18) and a second contiguous recess (19) constituting a pair of recesses (18, 19); b) the length of the ring (11), between the first (18) and the second recess (19) of a pair, over a radial distance greater than or equal to the thickness of the rib (21) of the sleeve (2 ), is less than or equal to the distance between the stop rib (25) and the second end (23) of the guide rib (22), so that said rib (21) is always   aligned between the two said recesses (18, 19).   c) the disassembly of the device (1) and the syringe body (2) takes place by rotation of one relative to the other, d) the first recess (18) and the second recess (19) d a pair are arranged in such a way that, when the sheath (2) is in the deployed position, the rotation for disassembly of the device (1) and of the syringe body (3), causes the displacement of the second end (23) of the guide rib (21) towards a position aligned with the second recess (19), for locking the protection and the rotation for assembling the device (1) and the syringe body (3), causes the displacement of the second end (23) of the guide rib (21) towards a position aligned with the first recess (18),   to unlock the protection.