FR2717827A1 - High-grade aluminum alloy in Scandium and process for producing this alloy. - Google Patents

Abstract

Metallurgical aluminium alloys for use in the semi-finished product manufacturing industry as construction materials for aircraft, spacecraft, ships, cars and rolling stock. Aluminium alloy compositions providing excellent material strength characteristics by means of added scandium, zirconium, cerium and vanadium have been developed, thus enabling stronger welds and assemblies and lighter welded structures to be achieved.

Description

AuAGi D9'ALUMINIOUM AT HIGH LEVELS SCANIUM AND PROCESSES

  MANUFACTURING OF SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS.

  The invention relates to the field of metallurgy alloys ahlmnim. The aluminum alloys of the invention contain scandium and are combined with magnesium, copper, zinc, silicon, lithium, one or more transition metals of the group of

  rare earth. These alloys are intended to be used in the semiconductor product manufacturing industry.

pressed or rolled finishes.

  According to the known prior art, it is known that aluminum alloys do not have sufficiently high resistance characteristics, in particular on:

  * the fluidity limits in the annealed state.

  * the fluidity limits in the state of hot deformation

  : the fluidity limits of heat-treated alloys.

  The widespread method of production of semi-finished aluminum alloy products is as follows: aluminum alloy ingots obtained by a continuous process in a sliding crystallizer are subject to: * homogenization of 520 to 550 ° C * hot rolling or pressing after heating ingots before deformation of 480 C to 500 C * cold rolling and intermediate annealing

  * heat treatment of semi-finished products.

  The object of the present invention relates to the development of compositions of an aluminum-based alloy guaranteeing high characteristics of resistance of the materials in the annealed state, in hot deformation or in heat treatment (soaking + aging), as well as the increase resistance of welds retaining deformability properties during treatment

under pressure.

  The goal is achieved not only by the introduction into the proposed combination of scandium, zirconium, cerium, vanadium and the distribution of components (see Table 1.1), but

  also by the manufacturing technology of semi-finished products.

  The invention makes it possible to increase the resistance of welds as well as that of constructions and to reduce the weight of welded constructions of different types and in different fields.

applications.

  The object of the present invention is obtained by the process of manufacturing semi-finished products which consists of: * molding ingots at the cooling rate during crystallization higher than 0.5 C * homogenization of the ingots of 430 C to 450 C * hot rolling or pressing at a start of deformation temperature (430 C to 450 C)

and end of deformation (300 C).

  Cold deformation and intermediate annealing at 400 C (deformation rate less than 100 s)

  * heat treatment of semi-finished products.

  The defect of the widespread method applied to scandium aluminum alloys is that the fact of using a high temperature homogenization and hot rolling as well as high rates of deformation causes the appearance in the structure of the alloy large secondary precipitates of the ScA13 phase (diameter greater than 200 nm) and also the

structural hardening.

  The widespread method closest to the proposed method was chosen as a method

  prototype: casting of aluminum alloys in a crystallizer with a cooling rate at the crystallization rate greater than 0.5 C / s makes it possible to obtain ingots

  of solid solution alloys supersaturated with scandium.

  homogenization of the ingots at a temperature of 430 ° C. to 450 ° C. leads to the decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution and to the formation of secondary precipitates of the ScAI3 phase of

diameter 5 to 60 nm.

  subsequent deformation of the hot ingot at the same temperatures (from 430 C to 450 C) and average deformation rates of 20 to 30 m / min. contributes to the formation around ScAI3 secondary precipitates of a polygonized substructure, resistant to the development of recrystallization processes

  Subsequent technological warming must not contribute to the significant change

  of the morphology of the secondary precipitates of the ScAI3 phase and of the

disorientation of the sub-grains.

  The use of low cooling rates of 5 to 10 C / min. during molding will only allow

  not to have ingots in the state of a solid supersaturated solution of scandium in raminium.

  The use of high homogenization temperatures (over 450 ° C) and hot deformation as well as high deformation rates will result in the formation of secondary precipitates

  of the ScA13 phase of more than 100 nm and the weakening of the resistance characteristics.

  The use of low heat treatment temperatures of the ingots lower than 300 C will cause a partial decomposition of the supersaturated solute solution of scandium in aluminum, the decrease in the volume fraction of the secondary precipitates of the ScAI3 phase and as a consequence, the low values of resistance characteristics. The improvement of the strength characteristics of the aluminum alloys according to the treatment method is ensured by the introduction of the scandium of 0.15 to 0.5% and zirconium of 0.05 to 0.3%. The alloys can have in their composition one or more elements of the group: Silicon 0,5-12 * Magnesium 0,5-10 to Copper 0,5 - 10 ò Zinc 0,5 - 10 * Lithium 0,5 - 5, 0 Silver 0.5 - 10.0 Curing by the elements listed above is obtained by the alloying process of the solid solution and by the release of the corresponding phases of the hardeners during

aging.

  The complementary improvement of all the mechanical properties of the scandium aluminum alloy semi-products is linked to the alloying process by at least one or more elements of the group: Manganese 0.30-2.50 T litane 0, 05-0.50 Cerium 0.05-0.30 Chromium 0.10-1.00 30. Vanadium 0.05-0.30 Molybdenum 0.05-0.30 Cobalt 0.05-0.30 Nickel 0.10-1.50 The introduction of these elements produces a modification of the ingot structure (grain refinement), the increase of the temperature of the recrystallization start and the aging temperature * (, o) - mass ,% The decrease in the content of these elements below the indicated limit causes neither modification of the structure of the ingot nor the increase of the temperature of the beginning of

  recrystallization, nor improvement of the mechanical properties.

  The increase in the content of the indicated elements results in the formation, in the structure, of large quantities of intermetalloids, embrittlement of the alloys and weakening of the

resistance characteristics.

  The invention will be better understood with the help of illustrative examples.

  Below the invention of scandium aluminum alloy in four variants with their

  characteristics and their applications.

  Variant N 1 The conditions and results are reported in Table 1.1) The additions in the prototype alloy of scandium and vanadium in combination with at least one metal of the group containing manganese, chromium, titanium harden the alloy by formation of secondary intermetalloids of dispersion and determine the appearance of a structural effect in the hot-deformed semi-product; this effect is the conservation of the non-recrystallized structure which

in addition hardens the alloy.

  The addition of beryllium protects the roxidation alloy during molding, welding, which contributes

  to increase the strength of the alloy and welds.

  The addition of cerium decreases the dissolved hydrogen content in the alloy by hydride formation, which contributes to the increase of the density of the weld (decrease of the gas porosity). The maximum positive effect is obtained if scandium, vanadium, cerium and beryllium are introduced together into the alloy containing magnesium and one or more metals of the group.

  (zirconium, manganese, chromium, titanium).

  Variant N2 (The conrositions and the results are reported in TaIb u 1.2) The additions in prototype-proton of scandium and zirconium and vanadium in combination with at least one metal of the group containing manganese, chromium, titanium harden formation-forming secondary intermetalloids of dispersion and determine the preservation of a structural effect in a semi-annealed product, the preservation of the non-recrystallized structure, which hardens in addition the alloy. Additions of cerium harden the alloy by

  formation of hydrides and oxides and decrease the content of gaseous impurities in solid solution.

  The maximum effect is obtained by the joint introduction of the constituents (see Table 1.2).

  Variation 3 The compositions and results are reported in Table 13. The additions in the prototype alloy of scandium, vanadium, cerium and zirconium in combination with at least one metal of the manganese, chromium and titanium containing group harden alloy by formation of secondary intermetalloids of dispersion and determine a report of a structural effect in the hot-deformed semi-product. This effect is the conservation of the structure

  not recrystallized, which in addition hardens the alloy.

  The addition of cerium also decreases the content of dissolved hydrogen in the alloy by

  formation of the hydrides, which contributes to the reduction of the gaseous porosity of the alloy.

  The maximum positive effect (see Table 1.4) is obtained if, in the aluminum alloy containing cuiTe and magnesium, scandium, vanadium, cerium

  zirconium in combination with transient metals: manganese, chromium, titanium.

  Variant 4 (The results and results are reported in Fabieau 1.4) The introduction into the prototype alloy of zirconium, vanadium and at least one metal of the chromium, titanium and molybdenum group hardens the alloy by secondary precipitates of dispersion of intermetalloids of transient metals and formation in joining a polygon structure

  resistant to the development of recrystallization processes.

  The maximum positive effect is obtained by joint introduction of the components (see Table 1.4).

EXEMPS

  To try out the four proposed variants, several mergers have been prepared.

FUSIONK 1

  The compositions of the alloys prepared are shown in Table 2. The alloys 1 to 3 represent the proposed alloy with a content of the constituents: minimum (1),

optimal (2), maximum (3).

  The compositions 4 to 7 are those with the optimum content of the constituents and with manganese instead of zirconium (4), chromium instead of zirconium (5), titanium instead of zirconium (6).

  Composition 7 represents the proposed alloy with an optimum content of all constituents.

  Composition 8 represents a prototype alloy with an average content of the constituents, it is

  given in Table 2 for comparison.

  Pressed rods of 10 mm diameter and 2 mm thick sheets were manufactured with alloys of all the compositions of Table 2. The bars in the state of hot pressing and in the annealed state as well as the sheets in annealed state were tested at room temperature. In addition the sheets in the annealed state were welded by arc welding in the lingon and the welds were tested at room temperature. The test results of the proposed alloy and prototype alloy are

  presented in Tables 3 and 4.

  As can be seen from the data in Tables 3 and 4, the proposed bonding and welds of the proposed alloy have high strength characteristics. The proposed alloy is

  much more resistant than known alloys based on thermally noncured aluminum.

  The use of the proposed alloy will increase the construction strength and reduce the weight of welded constructions of different types and in different areas

applications.

Fusion2

  Ingots of different compositions were cast with the proposed alloy (see Table 5). Bars of 10 mm in diameter were made from ingots of all compositions. The

  Limit flow velocities of the metal were defined at the time of pressing.

  Bars of 10 mm in diameter were tested at room temperature in the annealed state.

  Table 6 presents the results of testing the compositions of the proposed alloy. The

  characteristics of the AMG2 prototype alloy (composition 6) are given for comparison.

  As can be seen from the data in Table 6, the proposed alloy has high strength characteristics. In the annealed state, a resistance limit of 2.5 to 4.5 kg / mm 2 is higher and a flow rate of 2.5 to 8.6 kg / mm 2 is higher than that of the alloy. prototype. The characteristics of the deformability of joining proposed to the pressure treatment are more

  higher than that of prototype-rallying.

  The use of the proposed alloy will increase the strength of the constructions in

  different areas of the industry.

FUSIONJ3

  Several alloys have been prepared: alloy-prototype with medium chemical composition (1), proposed alloy with a minimum content of the components (2), with medium chemical composition (3), with a maximum content of the components (4), with chemical composition medium including manganese (5), medium chemical composition including chromium (6), medium chemical composition including titanium (7), medium chemical composition containing the following elements

  manganese, zirconium, chromium, titanium (8).

  The chemical composites of the alloys are shown in Table 7.

  Cold rolled sheets (lmm) were made from the alloys of all compositions

  of Table 7. These heat-treated sheets were tested at room temperature.

  Heat treatment regimes: T - soaking in water, after heating for 2h from 496 C to 505 C; natural aging - 1 month; Tl - water soaking and natural aging in T + artificial aging regime for 14h to C. Table 8 presents the results of comparative tests of alloys of different compositions

of Table 7.

  As seen in the data of Table 8, the proposed alloy has high resistance characteristics relative to the prototype alloy. The proposed rallying application will allow to increase the build strength and decrease the weight of the sets in the domains

aeronotic and space.

Fusion4

  Several alloys have been prepared: * alloy-prototype with medium chemical composition (1) * alloy proposed with a minimum content of the components (2) * alloy with medium chemical composition (3) * alloy with a maximum content of the components (4) * medium-chemical alloy including chromium in place of manganese (5), titanium in place of chromium (6), molybdenum instead of manganese (7) * medium chemical alloy including manganese, chromium , titanium, molybdenum (8)

  The chemical compositions are shown in Table 9.

  0.1 mm diameter cold drawn wire was made from the alloys of all the compositions of Table 9. The wire in the annealed state (at 320 C for 1 h) was tested at room temperature, the results are presented in Table 10. The electrical resistance of the prototype alloy (1) is p = 3.2 microhm / cm 2, electrical resistance of

  The alloys studied are p = 2.70 to 2.76 microhm / cm 2.

  As can be seen in Tables 9 and 10, the proposed alloy has high resistance characteristics keeping an electrical resistance value equal to that of aluminum. The alloy can

  be used as a conductive element in multiple devices.

EXEMPTU OF THE REAú5LIS fIO90

DE L54 MET (hODE.

  1. Justification of the need to use considerably high cooling rates during the crystallization of ingots of alloys

of aluminum containing scandium.

  In a sliding crystallizer were cast ingots of alloy Al-6.5Mg-0.4Sc-0, 1Zr, the

  ingot diameter is between 70 and 600 mm, molding speed of 1 to 5.5 m / h.

  From the median part of the ingot were taken cuts; using a method of microspectrographic X-ray analysis the scandium content in the solution was determined

  solid. The results are given in Table 11.

  The scandium, having not entered a solid solution supersaturated aluminum, emerges as

  ScAI3 phase in the composition of the unbalanced eutectic.

  Considering that scandium, forming the supersaturated solid solution during crystallization, plays a major role in the curing process, then the decrease in the molding speed and the increase in the diameter of the ingot cause the decrease in the content. in scandium in the supersaturated solid solution and consequently the lowering of the characteristics

  resistance of semi-products as shown in Table 13.

  2. Rationale for the need for lowering temperature

  homogenization and hot deformation of 430 to 450 C.

  The optimum thermal homogenization regimes of the AMG2 type alloys are from 560 C to

  580 C, .AMG6 465 C for the first stage and 500 C to 515 C for the second stage.

  The use of these diets for scandium aluminum alloys leads to the weakening of the resistance characteristics of the semi-finished products because of the increase of the precipitates

  of the ScA13 phase of the supersaturated solid solution during crystallization.

  The ingot of the alloy AI-6.5MNg-O, 4Sc-O, 1Zr, with a scandium content in the solid solution of 0.38%, was cast in a crystallizer at a speed of 5.5 m / h.The treatment of the ingot was carried out in 2 regimes: Regime 1> Homogenization at optimal speed of 480 to 500 C, hot pressing after

  ingot heating from 480 to 5000C.

  Regime 2 => Homogenization from 430 C to 450 C, hot pressing after heating up

ingot from 430 C to 450 C.

  The properties of the alloy in hot-pressed state and annealed state are shown in Table 12.

  As can be seen in the table data, the use of low homogenization and hot pressure treatment regimes increases the

  resistance of scandium aluminum alloys from 7 to 8 kg / mm2, fluidity limit - 9 kg / mmi2.

  3. Justification for the necessity of the use of the strain rate ú <100 s1.

  During rolling of aluminum and its alloys, the deformation rate varies between s = 1 to

  sl; in pressing and drawing from 0.01 to 10 μm; in this range the rate of deformation does not

  does not influence the structure and resistance characteristics of scandium aluminum alloys.

  However, the use of 103s-1 deformation rates leads to the lowering of the resistance characteristics of aluminum alloys to scandium. The rings of the AI-6.5Mg-0.4Sc-0.1Zr alloy had cb = 36 kg / mm 2, 0.2 = 22 kg / cm 2; deformation rate = 103 s-1 because of the processes

of recrystallization "in situ".

  As seen in the data of Table 13, the increase in molding speed up to 5.5 m / h and the lowering of the homogenization and reheating temperature before deformation from 430 ° C. to 450 ° C., reuse of deformation rates up to 100 sl significantly improve the strength characteristics of aluminum alloy semiproducts scandium yb = 8 to 15 kg / nmn2; o0, 2 = 6 to 15 kg / mm2 which is conditioned by the hardening effect of the secondary precipitates of the ScAI3 phase and by formation during hot deformation of a polygonized substructure resistant to the development of recrystallization processes. The use in many areas of the industry of semi-products manufactured according to the method applied to the alloys proposed, thanks to their characteristics, will reduce

  the weight of buildings and reduce energy consumption.

WATER 1l1 Variant 1

  Composi: i: ii :: binding-p rtot: ie A! Iage: prpp :::; :: -.

  h- - - t -, imique: - (...... the uspro h e pr ..... _ ---- p

  : i :: .- ::::::: - :: .. ::::::. ::::::::::: -: - ::::: -: :::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: - :::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .........

- e - - -----

  -: Magnesium: -: 4,50 -7,00 5,80 - 7,20Toles, various products

  - - .. - - - - - - - - - - - -...-.-.-.-... ....-.-..-

  :: -: m :: -: - 0.010-0.05 duitspres.es.

  ......-.-- - - - - - - -.- - - - - - - - - - - -.................... ... DTD: Zi: '' i: - -; - ::: -: c ::: c .- :::! - :: - :: ---, - 50- 05 1, 50 -: - :: - -.- :: ---: -: -: -: -: -: -: -: -: -: -: - ---: -: ---: ---: - : -------- or :: i?.:? :: i ---: --- -------: '--- :. --------- i 'Wristwatches

  -, -------- ----. -. -.-..-.. -------- --- --- - ---- ----

  - M n - ::: -0, n --- - :: û, .. i :; 10 o-0.60 at least one metal of large size Chro. 0.05 - 0.50 selected in this group operating at -. -. 0,05 -0,25 0,05 - 0,30 miieux aggress Zirum 0 - û, 05 0,250,05 -0,30plane body

  : -:.:. ::.: -: L, -,.;, .-. : - ---- - -. : -.:.,

  - -cam-0,15 - 0,50 welded V: nadiumi 0,05 - 0,30

  - :::: i :: m: - :: i: 0,05 - 0,30.body of the boat-hy-

  - iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

  : .Ii ?; ii. i:! ::: 'U-': ii: fi. ::; ::! .. :: ... ::. ::. ::.

--....----- -------the rest-

  reservoir of ......... -.-- ----------------------------------- - -.-- - - - - -. Ad ---: i-tion - fuel fusees

  ---: Ad d- - ........! ------- ::: - ::: - :: - -

-d.s - the devices

  - - - ---- - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  - e.r <û0.5 0.4 spatious, etc. er50 - 1.50 (1.) ... Tem..aur d tai Cosscun. u.C 4 (1) Working temperature up to 150 C

TABLE 1.2

Variant 2

  Magnesium: 2.80-3.0%, 3.80 Tons, d.rn.t.

  -..... .........................

  - y: l-ty :::: - ::::: 0,01 -0,05 0,001 - 0,005 pressed products.

  Zin: 0.40 - 0.70: ---- - - ::: -.-- --- - - -Weldable constructions

  .................. Con ........ o .. ... DTD:: g an2ese - 0,25 - 0,50 at least one large size metal -: m: .e. :: Chrom -: - i! ::: -: 0,02 - 0,10 selected from this group operating in media T --- :: - .. ... 0.05-0.40 aggressive and under .. - - - - radioactive irradiation: di $; t - 0.20 -0.50 ---- i -iqum: -0.05 - 0.30 Reservoir of :: ..... :: ---- .05 - 0,30 carburettors -: Zio ni.- 0,05 - 0,30 and rockets

ii; :: i: - - - - --.

  ... ",: ,, ::.: ... DTD:!:.:. :::. ::: - :: .... ----- The first wall of the A22: - - - The rest of the synthesis reactors: -ii'.i !. : '::: i! ii: i :::! i!: ii;:! i! iiiii':!: i: i: -iiii -:. :: thermonuclear

---.... ------

--.... ... ..------- ------

  -: --- Adi s ---.-.- To--. system tubes - -. - Reactors

  ie- - - - -------- --- --- - - - - -

  - .2 --80 .-- 3.8 ..- - 3.0, 4è, dféet

  D er: Yi * DE 00,5001-0,4 atomic petc.

0:40?: -? :: 0;: ', 70 :::::::: 0.4

TABLE 1.3

Variantt 3

  ; ---. -----: ': -: "-'--. :::' .-- 'X'. :::: --- - ::. ::: ----- ': ::::: '--'- :::::: ------ ::::: - :::::: --- -:' '' '' '::; :: -: -: '' '::::' - '::::' '-: -X-: - ::;

  : -: CompositionAfluage-p e Alliag ------ --- Types .......

  cshimic (nearest to p .........

  -... - - --- - ... --- --- --- - -----. ---- .-- ---

-i t tT, ......- .., .........

  C o .. b.!.-.......! .. -, ..-.-.-: -...: - :::.

  . -.-......... - .. - ----------- --- --...

  - ;! Copper: ':.: ...- 4,40 2,80 - 4,50 Riveted constructions ign: m :: - 1,50 1,80 - 2,50 large sizes - running on - h -: i ium :, 15 - 0,60 high temperatures: -Vandium: ---: - :. 0.05-0.30 175 C ::; - Cerium::::::::. -: -: -: -. 0.05 - 0.30 Z .... --- oni- -m -: - ---- .05 -0.30

  - - - -. -... - - -. - - - -. -.................

  - Manganese 0.60 at least one metal selected from this group Tita -; t-ne0.05 ::: - 0.50

- -------. ----.-..----

--- Aluminm --- the rest

-... - - -

---. d n .................. - .......

  C .................... 2 .........: .....- .. '2.2'.2 ..... ....-- - -

  ..-...... * ....: ... * .-. .................. DTD:: ad m!: Ibles:

-....: ..: ..: .. ::: ::::: ..- -.. - ::

- .. -...

-: - -..-; - "; -------- X - '' 0.4

* - -... ---: -, -.- .. 0.4

:: '-' :: iu m-: -: -'-'- ': 0: - 0.4

TAB, AT 1.4

/ Ariary 4

  : .-: --.- ---------- ..... ---- ...-... -.----- .. ...................

  -----: - :: ........................................ ..

  - - -...---, - -.-..-. -.-.- -....-.-...-. - --..-.-. -............

  .................................................. .- .-: - .. DTD:: Compositit: c {} me :: :: Ai ::: i: lAiag (-PrZmtOty: p ::: i; i :::::;}} AIiag; a'o :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: - :: - (pro pro-- e proisL About

  .........-. -., ............................................... ......... DTD: - -: 0: --- 1: - to the aliaeprpsé):

  .................................................. ..... 5 ............. DTD: 1: Seandiuim -.0,20-0,50 0,15.-0,60 Fi] for cables

  -. . . . ....-.-........-.-.-... --- ...... -.... - ..-...-.--.

  E :: - C: iium. = 0.05 - 0.30 0.05 - 0.30 of the elements

  i to p ---- ------------------- -. - -.

drivers of

  . 1 i ':: :: ::)! ::: C f-f-f.!. ?: iL i ::? i:.:?: i :::: operating systems

  :::: -:?!:! 'Zirionium: - 0,05 - 0,30 nant under Tadiation

  t - ---- - - -----------------------------

  V -: - - - Y.anadium-- ---- I 0.05 - 0.30 of neutron: - !!: ii :: .. -.: '::: i.: -. :: :::: - :. i: -.I --- ---------- p = -2.76

. -... .. ..

  i -: - i: -: - ::: -: - l ----- :::::.-.-: -. :: -.----: - mi.crohm / cm2 - -: -: - fanganse: -: at least one Chrome.- metal - selected from this group

------ - -X m- ----- -.....

--An F X - 0.05 - 0.80

  -i-. -.... -; i- ::: - 'i.-i': X ------------------------ -: -: -: - ---- ----

  - - - - --- - - - - - --- - ---- --- ------- -------

1-- ---- ---- - ---- -

  ! :: ..:...... :::::: ::: ::: '::: ::: ::::: - ::::: - :: ::::::::::

: .i: - :: - ::: - the resuiim ::: i: --- te:

  ! i ... -: --- i! -. :: i ;. --------------- --------------------------

  : 1 :: '---': ":: 'Alqminiuni.-.-: * :::' -: - ':': '" "::":': '::' :.

-.r. ---------- -------.---

E - - - - - - - -

  1; :::. ': -: -. -. - .:}: - :: - :: -: - ':! - .: - ::? :: i ::: .-:.!: -! - ::: - i ::: -: 0

  i: -ii: i :: - /: I - i :: - i: i ili:. ". ::.: ..:. ::.:. - ---- -..- -.

- AdditXis admissi: - -

  ---..... -, 0 - 0-3 -, - 0-3 of the elements

  ..-.....-.-... DTD: - - ------ .. ap ae0 fo cin

- - - -.-. ---.-........

0.45-03 d eto Silicon 0.45-08

TABLE 2 N0 de si- i ~ i ~ i ~ tion of amagë: e a.- :: - :: - :: - - :::>

  1: " '" "" "::' ':' '::::': ':" :::::::::::::::::::::: : =====: = '=============== ===' ==== '=: =: =:' = '==' = '=' = : =: ==: =: =: ==: =: =: =: ====== == ====== '=' ==== '=': = - = '= - == - = '== = - = -: = - =' == = - = == - = = -: = - = - == '=: ='

  --- NX -: - -ú- - - - -> - - - - - - - v ..........-: - - - -

  [;; i: i =: - 5.8 - - - 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.15 0.001

I ................

  :: '- ::.:.' - :; ## EQU1 ##. ! :: i: i'3: !! i! i :: 7,2 - - - 0,3 0,3 0,30 0,50 0,105: -: i :: -:; I ::!?: -.6,5 00,2 - - - 0,10 0,10 0,35 0,025 - :! 5-6: 0.2: 0.10 0.35 0.025 1-: 1: -: -: - - - 6.5 - 0.2 - 0.10 0.10 0.30 0.025

  - 7: -: !!.!.! ::: 7 !!: !!!! :::! 6.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.10 0.10 0.10 0, 35 0.025

  -.:- 8 8: 5.5 1.0 0.35 0.28 0.28 0.15 0.15

TABL.AU 3

* RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPOSED ALLOY

  (10MM DIAMETER BAR IN HOT PRESS (PC) AND IN ANNEW (R) CONDITION)

N0 N of ompoe-- -ttCrtrstqe e bag

tion-.--

  . ---. - -.-- .. -.... - - -, - - - - - - - - - - -...

  ... DTD: - ::! :: i :: '- i: -! i-: i:; ::::: i - Limit of resistance Limit of fluidity

  --...............................................- - - ---- - - -

  i: -: {'i! I ii:' i: ---- !. {::: -: -: - :: - :: - :: -: -: -: - :::: : -h kg / mm2 S 0_kg / mm2 r! 2! - P: - C-! - - 45.0 28.0

  -. '. -. -.- - w. - - '. -.... - - - -..-

R6.5: - :: - 42.0 01, 1 03526.1

  ----: .--! --- - --- - :: PCi -: - 49,1 39,5! :::: -: -: 2.ii: - -: Z! !: i! iii! iiiiiiiiii! i - - -. - -. --.-..-, -.-.-. - -, .-----? i!:! ii:! i:! :: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:

- 0 0.3R - 42.4 32.1

-: -. ::::::::: 50022 :::: 5n: 2 42, 5.0

R ::::: - :: 47.0 34.1

  :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 6 ::: 5: 4 5 , 2 0 1 1 0354.02

::::::::::::: 1 47.0 33, 0

- - .. 4- 31.3 .. -

  . -. - - ".-........... - - -.- -., .--, - - - .. - I -, - - -

  - --..---. --.-.-.-.- - -I --- - - - - -

- - - - --C-K-- .. 45.2 34.8

N O -, .-- .. a. -------- --- -

- - ---..-.... 46.9 34.4

  :: -:.: -:,: '': '::::::: - ::' :: -: ':::::::::::::,. ::::: : -. ::: ............

  :: - ::: '::::::::::::::::::' ::::::: :::: v: :::: - ::.. :::: -: -: -: -: -: -: -: - :::: 4.29

418 2 9.

  : - ::::::: - ::::: - :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 35,0 ::: :::::::::: - :: -: -: - :, 35,0

  t - ::: - ::: - :::::::::: - :::::::: - :::::::::::::: - :::: - ::::::::::::::: - ::::: 4 6, 34,1 r

- 46-- -, 7 :. 34.1

  - - --- - - - --.----------------

  : - ::::: - -: == - ===== = -: -.: .... -: P ::: .. 36.3 21.0

  - - -.: ..:.:.: .. -......:. :: .... 3. 2 2

  t:. :: -: -: -: - :: :: = - ============: -: -: - :::::::: --- :: ::: - :::

  :::::::: 4 ::::::: - ::::: - ::: - 35,5 20,2

r -.. -.-..-......,.

TABlEAU 4

  CHARACTERISTIC OF RESISTANCE OF THE PROPOSED ALLOY

  (RECOVERED 2 MM THICKNESS, WELDING)

-., -, do

  Limie ---- d- - - - - --Li ede fluidt ---

  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  _- :: _: _ ::: _: _- :: I:!: - --------- 39,525, 0 38,1

  ........... DTD: :: -: - 2 .: 42.1 28.3 39.5

  ---- 3 :::: ---: - i: -3 ===== - ====.:. :: - 44.0 29.4 40.4

- --4.- - ----: - 43.327.0 40.1

--- .. -.- -42.9 26.3 39.9

: - :: ---- - - 41,226,7 39,7

  !:.!: - :: -i7 :: !! :::: i ': -: 43,330,1 40,1 a - --- S ::. - - 34.9-21.1 31.5 i: i :: i- !. ': I: -. ::.' 8:!: Ii ::: i'i: i. .: ..: ..: ..:. ' 3

TAB! UAU 5

  . . .. . . . ........ .. ----- - = .................

  : wi -?: - :: de - ::: ii :: - Compti; ----: - - 1, -: 0,

  .................................................. ........ DTD: tion of Iti t - --.- ---- M

  - .. t .........-. -.-.-. :: - :::::: - ::::: - ::. ::::::::: ::::::::: .. -. - .- ..

  ................................ -. - ..-..-.. - .-- - ... DTD: -...... - .-. -... -. - - - - - -....--

: ......: --- :: -, - -

  - 1.8 0.05 .-- -0.05 0.05 0.05 0.20 0.001

  : - :::::::::: 2,8 00,2 - 0,10 2 0,10 0,10 0,20 0,003

  :. :::: 3 ::::. :: 3,8 0,4 - - 0,3 0,3 0,30 0,50 0,005

  4,8- 0,2 - 0,1 01 01 - 0, 0,10 0,100, 35,003

  7- - 5 2.8- 0, 2 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.35 0.003

TAABLAU 6

  RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPOSED ALLOY AND

  PRESSING DEFORMABILITY CHARACTERISTICS.

  (10 MM DIAMETER BARS IN RECEIVED CONDITION)

  No & -so m F- --q - "- -. ..............

  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .........,

  :. '' '' ": '' i '' '' '' '::::::::, ::' :::::::::::::::::::: ':::: - :::::::::::::': ':: 1' '' - '' ':: -' :::::: - :: '::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '::' "" "": "" "'-:" "" '' ::::

  - wh ................. - - - - - :: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

  ::: I -! -: -.! I ::! I.:i!!!-ii:--:-22,5 13,5 55, 0

  :: 2 ::: -: - ::: - 2: -.: -: -: - :: 23.5 18.5 40.0

: 3: -: - 24.5 19.6 25.0

  4: -:. ::! - 4iii: ii :: -: i: ': 23,0 15,3 35,0: - i: - ii. ::. :: 23,2 15, 38.0. :: 6? ::::!: I: 20.0 11.0 20.0

  :: - :. 6.:- :: 2 802 00 10 2.00 0 0.20 003

TABLE 7

  | N ° of compo5î- Coptic thiiqu ei -% -

  --- 0 ------------------------------

   . - - - '-; . :: - ..1 -.....:. .. -.-'- -.Z -'--- E * '. Z --- 'N; - .- Z -' Z ..'...-....-...-....-.-......- '.. ....-....-.....

  : '- ------. -: -: - -i ::: - :: - /: -: - -: - ::: -: - ::::: - ::::::::::::::: : /: -: - ::: -? :::: -: -: - ::? - -? - ???:?:? t ::.:? -----? - ?:!: i :: 1:. :: i ::. ::. :. :: i :: il :: - :::::: Tei ':::::: l: X ::::: i <! ::: <: ---- -: -:? : l ::. -e * ::: i ::::::: I /: - ::: 'i i :::; ::: w ::::::' - :;

alia I-. -

  ____ ---, ............. 20.5 0, 050,050,154,8

  ____________, 1 ___ 0,10_ __ _ / _ _ 0,10] 0,30 4,0

  : 'i:':!: 4! i!:. il2,5- - - -0,5 [0,30 / 0,30 / 0,604,5

  : 5 :: ':::. 2, - 00.3 - 5 -: --- / ,, 0.10 / 0.10 / 0.304, 0

  6 E 2.0- I 0.18 - - 0.100,100.30 4.0

  E -:} ::: -}:! :: 7 -. 2.0 - 0.18 - 0.100.10.0.304.0

  : 8 :::: - :! 32,00,30,150,15 0,150,100,10 0.30 4.0

TA! .Water

  P of composi- --- t Cat--.ie:-- resited

  2 .------ -. -, 0., 0 --- 5 -1 2 --- ..... 8 ..

  V: a: om i6! L:; ::: i: .- -: i :: i - ::: - :: i- ii- - :: - i. :: i. ii :::? :::::. 1 -'6 = - = - ==: == = ::::: == ::: ==== :: ======== :: ===== ::::: ======= :::::: =: ======== ::: ===== :::: = = == :: ........ - : - :: - ::: .-:?: "::::: - i? i (::: i: -ii :: i: - = .--. = ====== = - .-. === ::: == -: =: = ::::::: = - = - = :::: = :: =: = :., :: = ::: ==: : = = ::::::: :: = ::: =: ================================ =========! :: !!: - i-: -: -: - ??. ::::: -:! '-?' .-; i - ': -: - -i-: -L?; - er. - ??! ---- i. .ib .. --- .---? ...... iii: i !!!!!! ..?; !! iiiii.? ..; !!!:! F ::::! :::::::::::::::::. :::; ::::: ::::: -: i ::::::::::::. :::: i ::::::::! ::::: Li mitodei '' r'- ""; i! i!; !!!!!!: i: i :; i [:::::::::::::::::::::: - '::' :::: ':' ':: :::::::::::: it !!:; ;;;!: i

: - - I: 2-: T -: - 46.0 28.0

2 03 -1 - .. -.--. 38.0 31.0

":: ii: T ':: i: i: 2 :: 48.0 34.0

- -. 28 - 01, 03 40

:? ____ 2 0: _ :: - ::: 42.0 33.8

--..--- -: T.54.0 38.4

i. -.- .. -t - - -ů ....

  L: ... ':' :: '::.'. :: '. :: -:' ':: .. ::: -:': "- :: .-:

:: - ::::::::::: - :: - :. T:. :: 47.0 38.0

  1 ':! -: - :: -: -: -: - -: -:!:; :::::::: - iii ::: i: .i: -' :: i- :. i ::: 52, 37, i! - .. - .. 52,037.2

  .....-- ------ ---- --- :: - --... DTD:!: -! i :: .--: X :: .- -! -: - :::::.: - lii.::::::: :: - :: -: -

: -: -: - T - :: -: - 48.0 32.0

- -. _ -. -. -...........

  [.................. ----- ---- --------- ----: ...-

--- ::::::. :: T40,0 35,0

- T- - -47.8 30.0

  ... -----------------. ------ ..---- .. DTD: 1: -: ': - :: -: -' 6:.: - :: - ::: - :: - :::::: n 1Q

  6 [['-' '' '-'-----''--! --- 40,132, --- 4

t - t - -T - -47.2 31.0

--------: --- 1: T .--- 41.0 32.0

  1: '': ':': ':': ':': ':': '-' '::' .. 1 '.: ...... -: -....... '.....

  ....... DTD: F- - - - --- - -} - -T-- - 55.0 39 2

E X - - 1 ----------

  1i - -: i: - i:? ': - - :: - ::: - :::': - ::::: - 1 :: - :: - :: - -:. :::::: -

  T ::: !!: -: "- ::!; | I: - Ti :: 1 :: i48.0 39.0

TABEAU 9

  E 'N of composi'i --- - :: Comiue: e: t:' :::: -: -. I :. : ':' ': -' :::: i: .i ::::::::::: ':::::::::::: - ::::::::: :::: - :::::::::::::::: - :::::::::: - ::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: -:

tiNo delc ai ag ---- (------ I).

M. Mn.:e V .. r- -. -

  : I "- 0 ...........-...--, 0.10 - 0.40 ...

  ! :: - 2 :: --- 0.05 - - 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.15

  - ---: ---. 3- --- -: 0,20 -0,15 0,10 0,10 0,40

- :: - 4-t0.80 - 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.60

IE --- - 0.10 - 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.40

  -E - --- ---- 6 - -....- I - - 0,10,10 0, - 0,10 0,40

  iii: - :::: '! 5 :: i! ii! i! i! i! i ':: ": J ..........- - - - - - - --- - - ..

  o, .5. / O, .O ... DTD: 0.8101 0.40 2.::::::::iiiiii -J - -, 0 /, o, 1o o, 15o o Io, 0, 10-0.2015 0.10 0.10 0.40%,,,,,,,,,, , 10 - / - / 0.15 0.10 1 0.10 04

0.10 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.40

0.10 0.150.1 10 040

  8 [0,10j0,20 0,10-8, 0,100,15 0,10 0,10 0,40

TABLE 10

E ....... - ....-----------

  : .. i - -: -: - ::: (-.:::::::::.i?-::. ':::. ::. :::::::::: , - ::::: ;; i ':: C a mC, If j ie ::' i ::, - ::::::: -:,. :::::. ::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

  Carauctér - i - -tiq e d --- an-oe ---.----------- --- --- ---

  Alignment: Li.:::::::~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ '- ::::: ::::.

. ::. -... - - - - ------

i 1 15.3 9.30

2 25.4 16.7

3 29.1 25.3

4 31.0 26.1

28.8 24.5

6 29.1 25.1

7 27.9 21.1

8 32.5 27.1

A.BLUE 11

  I8FLUUCCU qYES tEI9kF5 ES If (LQuSrS LIOZ Sllf = LS fqT (5C59 "DW Z> 5 ºS SOLUS [OSO S85Q) PEL> ALtlMJU <J

  ! - -: Dimtre'dtd lingo ::: esse: d :::::. ":: -: Ten ::::::.: - Vi '..: de ::: - === = ====== - ====: .....: - -----------------

  t: - :: .. :: ': i- i ::::. '::... ::: - ::::::: ::::: - :::::::: - ::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: I5 0 - 5 5 0 3

  -a e ..........................-- ---- ---.......- - - ---- --.- --.- rn-c ..

  - ::. {{: .................................- -

  lio: é r in ge, - .. lé ife i .......... o..d.

-100 3.0- 3.8 0.30

  - -! :: - 0: .. "---- 1,2 - 1,3 0,28 I .....................

  4j - - ----- - - -. ----- --- ---. --- .......

153 4.2-5.5 0.38

2:! 0: - -:.: .-:.: 003,4- 4,2 0,28

2.1-3.4 0.28

  ":::.:. - -.--:. ::. ::: -: -: .- .. - -.- 2.1 - 34 0.28

E-400. -...: 1.5 - 2.5 0.20

  -1, J-, J ............. --- .................

  ___. ## EQU1 ## 1.5 2.50.16

  _ :: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 0, 10

TABLE 12

  PROPERTIES OF5 BRW .S PRESTS DE -LLIAGE

AL-6.5MG-0O, 4Sc-O, 1ZR

  -..-.......-. -................. ç ............................... .........

  .................... - .. -....... DTD: - ..: -.-: ........ .................. -i.::.......................:-

----- R --------------

  F - -t-er - kills Liifd-esst-c Limit delidt

  - - -. - - - ':. - ----- ---. - - - '- :. '::. --- '' '' '' '' '' '' -. -; .........-.......-........ ......... ----z ....-.-. -: - - - .- ,,.-.-..........-. - .......

  :::: i 23.: ... :: ....: i: i:;: .. :: -. -: -. -P ies ......... 2: - :: -; essea. -3824

  ----- -----------. - .----- t.-.-.- - --.--. -. - - - - ------ - - -

  -:} !! --i !! Resgime! il-! t! --- --ha - :: -! :: / ----- - ud ---: i: i: t: - ::: - r - i ---- Pessë a: - - 45 33!: ..: .Regimne2. -. c-haiud

  I ........................ ... . . ...............-.-

1.::- - ::::: -:.: -: - 43 32

  :: '-;: -: .-' :::::: - ::.:. :::. '. ::.:': .- ..: ': .. - :::. :::: -:. - ......:. :::::. :: -: -. ::: i '::. i: - :: 3

  : -.- ..: ...: .. - ..:.: ...: .......: ... -.:....--...-:-

  I .............- - - - e C - - - - - - -

....... DTD:

  ..............................-- ----- .. DTD: TABLE 13

  & OQRIFUES DYES BRES OF AL-6, SMG-0,4Sc-O, 1ZR OBTEUS R, DIF FEW. z_ IMTrS (FIT T FET R EGIM-s5 MOLD AND SCREW

  -.- ----- - - - -.-...--- - - - - - - - - - - - -, - - - - - - ---.--

  i: i.iii ti: iii: i: iiii! i -:!: ii :: ii i .. -... .........

  ................................... ii! i ii ........ DTD:

  ...........-- - - - -.-- - -..- - .. DTD: :::: dul.n .....-: -.... ... - ::::: ::: -: th :::: rmiq: d ::: ------...... Lm.t..and ... ............................... d. ::.

  -. d-orm - i.-és-stde e.fluidit ......

  ...........................--- .. DTD: ---:.:.!.: /:?:? /:;!: // ========= = ::: -.-.: .. -: - ::::: .- ::::: -:!: -: i ::: i :: .- :::: i i. ::::::::::::::: - ::::. :::::::::::::. ::: .-: -: -: -: - ::: ---: -: - -----------....... ::::::::: ::: t ::: of -! n: ':: -}: -:? i ::: -' :: - i :: ': j ::::: - :: - i: -: : the mi :: -: i! n ::: - ::::}:.! :::::, ::: - :::::. ::. :::: '::' :: :: '': - :: - ': - 1 ::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .ii :: -li} i:! i:! i- -'-. Homogenization <100 S-38 24 -:, -: iiiiii at 480 C - 520 C

Warming up before

  1!: Ij0 :::::::: - 5,5 :: jsi.,! -: '::. :: training at 500oC> 100 s-i 30 18

  j -.- ::: - - -.-. :: ---: ---: -.: -: -: -: -: - --- --- ---- --- - ----: -.-: ----.-: - ----................

  : -. -. - '-:, -, -, - Homogenization 45 33 t'.-.....: - -:: --.- -: -: -: - I - - - - '' -: 1 :::.: '-, and warm up before ---- :: -: - ::::. ---.-...: ... d.for ... Hmoniation <1.s: '!' ': .-: - --- at 480 C - 520 C

  : -.-; -.R: c :: -: - '..':, - '::' '..-: ..- :. Warming up before

  -.:i :: 604: '-; i}:] :: ij0: 9. :::::: training at 500 C> 100 s-1 32 18

  ...............-. -.-.-............. DTD: -.l: e., ::,: Homogenization - 38 27

-.-..- .. - -.--.- --- ---, -.

---, - and warming up

  .....-............ ... DTD: -: deformation -: - :: '.-: -': - -: ':' - " at 430 C - 450 C> 100s-1 32 21

--- - - 21- - - - - - - - - -

  REYIvI! ICATION S 1. Aluminum alloy essentially comprising scandium, vanadium, zirconium and cerium characterized in that it contains (mass%): Scandium 0.15 - 0.60 Vanadium 0.05 - 0 , Zirconium 0.05 - 0.30 Cerium 0.05 - 0.30 Each of the additional elements selected 0.00 - 7.20 among magnesium and / or beryllium, and / or manganese and / or chromium eVt / or titanium

and / or copper eV / or molybdenum.

  2. Alloy according to claim (1) characterized in that the additional elements are magnesium, manganese, chromium, titanium and beryllium with the following distribution of the components (mass in%): * Magnesium 5.80 7.20 0. Manganese or chromium or titanium 0.05 - 0.30 * Beryllium 0.01 - 0.05 3. Alloy according to claim (1), characterized in that the additional elements are magnesium, manganese, chromium, titanium, and beryllium with the following distribution of components (mass in%) * Magnesium 1.80 3.80 * Beryllium 0.001 - 0.005 * Manganese or chromium, or titanium 0.050 - 0, 400 4. Alloy according to claim (1), characterized in that the additional elements are magnesium, manganese, chromium, titanium, and copper with the following distribution of components (mass%) * Copper 2.80-4.50 * Magnesium 1.80-2.50 * Chromium or titanium or manganese 0.05-0.50 5. Alloy according to claim (1), characterized in that the additional elements are manganese, chromium , titanium and molybdenum with the following distribution of components (mass%):

  * Manganese or chromium, or titanium, or 0.05 - 0.80 molybdenum.

  An alloy according to any of claims (1) to (5) is characterized in that

  elements may be accompanied by silicon and / or zinc and / or silver and / or lithium and / or cobalt and / or nickel and / or iron from 0.05% to 12% and / or one or more metals from the group of

rare earth.

  7. Process for manufacturing the alloy according to any one of claims (1) to (6) consists of:

  * to mold the ingot in a crystallizer sliding at a cooling rate during crystallization greater than 0.5 C / s homogenization of the ingots at a temperature of 430 C to 450 C hot deformation (rolling or pressing) after heating the ingot from 430 ° C. to 450 ° C., end of deformation at 300 ° C * cold deformation at intermediate annealing at a temperature of 400 ° C.,

  deformation rate of less than 100s-1 and the heat treatment of semi-

products.