FR2709316A1 - Process for producing artificial reefs and products obtained - Google Patents
Process for producing artificial reefs and products obtained Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2709316A1 FR2709316A1 FR9310376A FR9310376A FR2709316A1 FR 2709316 A1 FR2709316 A1 FR 2709316A1 FR 9310376 A FR9310376 A FR 9310376A FR 9310376 A FR9310376 A FR 9310376A FR 2709316 A1 FR2709316 A1 FR 2709316A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- concrete
- artificial reef
- module according
- modules
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000276 sedentary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/046—Artificial reefs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/26—Artificial reefs or seaweed; Restoration or protection of coral reefs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé pour réaliser des récifs artificiels, ainsi que les produits obtenus. Le procédé consiste à assembler des éléments longitudinaux (3) et éventuellement transversaux (4) et/ou verticaux, et à maintenir l'ensemble au moyen de deux massifs (6) de béton coulé emprisonnant les extrémités des éléments longitudinaux, pour former des modules empilables, tous ces éléments étant constitués de poteaux en béton désaffectés, du type utilisé pour les lignes électriques, coupés à la longueur adéquate. Ces dispositifs sont destinés à protéger certaines côtes ou digues, et/ou à favoriser dans les zones menacées, le maintien et la survie de la faune sous-marine.The present invention relates to a process for producing artificial reefs, as well as the products obtained. The method consists in assembling longitudinal (3) and possibly transverse (4) and / or vertical elements, and in maintaining the assembly by means of two blocks (6) of poured concrete trapping the ends of the longitudinal elements, to form modules stackable, all of these elements being made of disused concrete poles, of the type used for power lines, cut to the correct length. These devices are intended to protect certain coasts or dykes, and / or to promote, in threatened areas, the maintenance and survival of underwater fauna.
Description
PROCÉDÉ POUR RÉALISER DES RÉCIFS ARTIFICIELS
ET PRODUITS OBTENUS
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé pour réaliser des récifs artificiels, ainsi que les produits obtenus.METHOD FOR REALIZING ARTIFICIAL REEFS
AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED
The present invention relates to a method for producing artificial reefs, as well as the products obtained.
Ces dispositifs sont destinés à protéger certaines côtes ou digues, et/ou à favoriser dans les zones menacées, le maintien et la survie de la faune sous-marine. These devices are intended to protect certain coasts or dikes, and / or to promote in endangered areas, the maintenance and survival of underwater fauna.
Les récifs artificiels sont en général pourvus de nombreuses cavités susceptibles d'héberger et de protéger les poissons, crustacés ou autres. Artificial reefs are generally provided with numerous cavities capable of harboring and protecting fish, crustaceans or others.
Leur matériau constitutif doit permettre aux espèces sédentaires telles que les mollusques de se fixer, et c'est entre autres la raison pour laquelle ils sont le plus souvent réalisés en blocs de béton de formes spécifiques très diverses. Le prix de revient de ces blocs, fabriqués spécialement pour cet usage, rendent le coût des récifs artificiels assez élevé, ce qui limite le nombre de réalisations envisageables. Their constitutive material must allow sedentary species such as molluscs to attach themselves, and this is among the reasons why they are most often made of concrete blocks of very different specific forms. The cost price of these blocks, made especially for this purpose, makes the cost of artificial reefs fairly high, which limits the number of achievable achievements.
Or, pour préserver l'environnement, les responsables de la distribution électrique ont mis sur pied, en particulier en France, des programmes importants visant à remplacer un grand nombre de lignes aériennes moyenne et basse tension par des câbles souterrains. Dans la plupart des cas, ces lignes sont portées par des poteaux en béton; ces derniers, après avoir été coupés au ras du sol, sont en général acheminés vers des entreprises chargées de les concasser pour les réduire en sable ou en gravier. Les frais nécessités par ces opérations sont pris en charge par les compagnies de distribution électrique qui versent une somme déterminée par poteau à éliminer. In order to protect the environment, electricity distribution authorities have set up, particularly in France, major programs to replace a large number of medium and low voltage lines with underground cables. In most cases, these lines are carried by concrete posts; the latter, after being cut to the ground, are generally sent to companies that crush them to reduce them to sand or gravel. The costs required by these operations are borne by the power distribution companies which pay a fixed amount per pole to be eliminated.
La présente invention permet d'utiliser les poteaux en béton de récupération pour réaliser des récifs artificiels parfaitement adaptés à leurs fonctions, et ceci à un prix de revient nettement plus faible qu'avec les procédés habituellement utilisés. The present invention makes it possible to use the concrete columns of recovery to realize artificial reefs perfectly adapted to their functions, and this at a cost considerably lower than with the methods usually used.
Le procédé consiste à assembler des éléments longitudinaux et éventuellement transversaux et/ou verticaux, et à maintenir l'ensemble au moyen de deux massifs de béton coulé emprisonnant les extrémités des éléments longitudinaux, pour former des modules empilables, tous ces éléments étant constitués de poteaux en béton désaffectés, du type utilisé pour les lignes électriques, coupés à la longueur adéquate. The method consists in assembling longitudinal and possibly transverse and / or vertical elements, and in maintaining the assembly by means of two cast concrete beds enclosing the ends of the longitudinal elements, to form stackable modules, all of which consist of posts out of concrete, of the type used for the electric lines, cut to the adequate length.
Sur les dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs de formes de réalisation de l'objet de l'invention:
la figure 1 montre, vu de dessus, un module de récif artificiel de type "barrière", caractérisé par une section verticale transversale triangulaire,
la figure 2 est une coupe transversale suivant les flèches A-A de la figure précédente,
la figure 3 représente dans les mêmes conditions une variante de module de type "barrière" avec éléments verticaux anti-filets,
la figure 4 est une vue en bout de modules de type "barrière" empilés,
la figure 5 représente, vu de dessus un module de récif artificiel de type "grille" constitué d'une seule couche d'éléments longitudinaux, et
la figure 6 est une vue latérale de modules de type "grille" empilés.In the accompanying drawings, given as non-limiting examples of embodiments of the subject of the invention:
FIG. 1 shows, seen from above, an artificial reef module of the "barrier" type, characterized by a triangular transverse vertical section,
FIG. 2 is a cross-section along the arrows AA of the preceding figure,
FIG. 3 represents, under the same conditions, a variant of a "barrier" type module with vertical anti-thread elements,
FIG. 4 is an end view of stacked "barrier" modules,
FIG. 5 represents, seen from above, an artificial reef module of "grid" type consisting of a single layer of longitudinal elements, and
Figure 6 is a side view of stacked "grid" modules.
Le dispositif, figures 1 à 6, est constitué d'éléments longitudinaux 3, éventuellement complétés par des éléments transversaux 4 ou verticaux 5 entrecroisés, maintenus ensembles de manière à former un volume constituant un module de récif artificiel comportant de nombreux interstices communicants dans lesquels les poissons peuvent évoluer ou se réfugier. The device, FIGS. 1 to 6, consists of longitudinal elements 3, possibly supplemented by transverse elements 4 or vertical 5 intersecting, held together so as to form a volume constituting an artificial reef module comprising numerous interstices communicating in which the fish can evolve or take refuge.
Ces éléments 1, 2 et 3 sont constitués de poteaux de récupération en béton, sectionnés à des longueurs bien déterminées, assemblés et maintenus grâce à deux massifs 6, 6' en béton coulé emprisonnant les extrémités des éléments longitudinaux 3. Ces massifs auront des angles et des arêtes arrondis pour ne pas endommager les petits filets de pêche. These elements 1, 2 and 3 consist of concrete recovery columns, cut to specific lengths, assembled and maintained by two massifs 6, 6 'poured concrete trapping the ends of the longitudinal elements 3. These masses will have angles and rounded edges to avoid damaging small fishing nets.
Les éléments verticaux 3 sont destinés à jouer le rôle d'anti-filets dans les cas où les récifs artificiels doivent empêcher l'accès d'une zone déterminée aux pêcheurs professionnels pratiquant le chalutage. The vertical elements 3 are intended to act as anti-nets in cases where artificial reefs must prevent access to a given area by professional fishermen practicing trawling.
Les modules de récifs artificiels pourront avoir une forme quelconque permettant leur empilage. The artificial reef modules may have any form for stacking.
Cependant deux types déterminés sont particulièrement adaptés aux diverses utilisations envisagées: le type "barrière" et le type "grille".However, two specific types are particularly suitable for the various uses envisaged: the "barrier" type and the "grid" type.
Les modules de type "barrière" 1 (figures 1 à 4), d'une longueur voisine de six mètres et de section transversale triangulaire, sont constitués typiquement de trois ou quatre couches d'éléments longitudinaux 3 séparés par deux ou trois couches d'éléments transversaux 4. Ils comporteront éventuellement des éléments verticaux 5 répartis sur leur longueur. Le nombre d'éléments longitudinaux par couche est dégressif et déterminé pour permettre de réaliser des empilements en retournant un module sur deux (figure 4). Les massifs 6 en béton coulé auront la forme de tétraèdres. The "barrier" type modules 1 (FIGS. 1 to 4), whose length is close to six meters and of triangular cross-section, are typically composed of three or four layers of longitudinal elements 3 separated by two or three layers of transverse elements 4. They will possibly include vertical elements 5 distributed along their length. The number of longitudinal elements per layer is decreasing and determined to enable stacks to be made by returning one module out of two (FIG. 4). The solid masses 6 poured concrete will have the form of tetrahedrons.
Les modules de type "grille" 2 (figures 5 et 6) sont formés d'éléments longitudinaux parallèles, écartés les uns des autres, et disposés en une seule couche. Leurs extrémités sont reliées par deux massifs en béton coulé 6' en forme de poutres. La largeur de ces modules est sensiblement égale à leur longueur, ce qui permet de former des empilement stables en les croisant à 90 degrés (figure 6). The "grid" type modules 2 (FIGS. 5 and 6) are formed of parallel longitudinal elements spaced from each other and arranged in a single layer. Their ends are connected by two massifs of cast concrete 6 'in the form of beams. The width of these modules is substantially equal to their length, which makes it possible to form stable stack by crossing them at 90 degrees (FIG. 6).
Ces deux types de modules, éventuellement combinés entre eux, permettent de réaliser des récifs artificiels de configurations très diverses répondant à la plupart des besoins. Ils permettent en particulier, grâce aux éléments verticaux 6 de créer des zones réservées à la pêche artisanale effectuée avec des petits filets, dont la pratique ne risque pas de diminuer dramatiquement le nombre de représentants d'une espèce donnée. These two types of modules, possibly combined with one another, make it possible to create artificial reefs of very different configurations that meet most needs. In particular, they make it possible, thanks to the vertical elements 6, to create zones reserved for artisanal fishing carried out with small nets, the practice of which does not risk drastically reducing the number of representatives of a given species.
Le positionnement des divers éléments constitutifs donne à l'objet de l'invention un maximum d'effets utiles qui n'avaient pas été, à ce jour, obtenus par des dispositifs similaires. The positioning of the various constituent elements gives the object of the invention a maximum of useful effects that had not been obtained so far by similar devices.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9310376A FR2709316B3 (en) | 1993-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | Process for making artificial reefs and products obtained. |
PCT/FR1994/001020 WO1995006168A1 (en) | 1993-08-24 | 1994-08-23 | Method for building artificial reefs or breakwaters, and resulting products |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9310376A FR2709316B3 (en) | 1993-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | Process for making artificial reefs and products obtained. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2709316A1 true FR2709316A1 (en) | 1995-03-03 |
FR2709316B3 FR2709316B3 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
Family
ID=9450458
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9310376A Expired - Fee Related FR2709316B3 (en) | 1993-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | Process for making artificial reefs and products obtained. |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2709316B3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995006168A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2855370A1 (en) * | 2003-05-26 | 2004-12-03 | Snc Pve | Marine fauna colonizing device, has base units whose central branch has set of slots extending between openings to constitute assembly unit with level of partitioning units |
CN112154956A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 北京师范大学 | Artificial fish reef monomer interval regulation and control system based on stichopus japonicus population structure characteristics |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1054019A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1998-02-24 | Soken Kogyo Kk | Artificial sands nourishment method of seashore making use of lattice-like frame wave dissipation construction material and construction method thereof |
CN101766136B (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2012-12-05 | 大连水产学院 | Star-like radial allocation method for artificial reefs |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58195613A (en) * | 1982-05-10 | 1983-11-14 | Minoru Shimoda | Stable constructing method of banking and the like |
US4856935A (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-08-15 | Haras William S | Beachfront wave energy dissipation structure |
FR2635545B2 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1991-10-11 | Augias Francis | ARTIFICIAL REEF MODULES FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE SEA |
FR2622224B1 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1991-08-30 | Augias Francis | ARTIFICIAL REEF MODULE FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE SEA |
JPH0217066U (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1990-02-02 | ||
JP2608621B2 (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1997-05-07 | 株式会社クボタ | Wave-dissipating caisson |
JPH05346011A (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 1993-12-27 | Shimizu Shokai:Kk | Underwater construction material and fishing bank constructing method |
-
1993
- 1993-08-24 FR FR9310376A patent/FR2709316B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-08-23 WO PCT/FR1994/001020 patent/WO1995006168A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2855370A1 (en) * | 2003-05-26 | 2004-12-03 | Snc Pve | Marine fauna colonizing device, has base units whose central branch has set of slots extending between openings to constitute assembly unit with level of partitioning units |
CN112154956A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 北京师范大学 | Artificial fish reef monomer interval regulation and control system based on stichopus japonicus population structure characteristics |
CN112154956B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-02-25 | 北京师范大学 | Artificial fish reef monomer interval regulation and control system based on stichopus japonicus population structure characteristics |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1995006168A1 (en) | 1995-03-02 |
FR2709316B3 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
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