FR2704966A1 - Apparatus with light or sound signaling system controlled by electronic photoreceptors. - Google Patents

Abstract

Signaling, advertising, synoptic or other device, using "differential photoresistors" to trigger commands animating indicator lights, characterized by the use of a single "compensation photoresistor" in front of numerous "active photoresistors" delivering, these commands in turn, and never simultaneously, thanks to a unit acting as a sequencer dividing time like a clock, separating these same commands which have become independent, with LEDs with staggered lighting, overlays being avoided in order to reduce current consumption, this which also makes it possible to use that supplied by solar cells to make it autonomous, it has capacities allowing to carry out operational tests by using a phenomenon made possible by the use of the described differential system and also those to ensure its own security by an internal arrangement of the cited device.

Description

The device, described in this text, takes particular
the appearance of a painting, although this did not constitute a
strict obligation. Arranged according to the service expected, it
will serve in a wide variety of fields, from advertising to advertising
education, presentation of flowcharts or diagrams and synoptics
animated, passing, among other things, by signage to indicate
places, offices on the floors of a town hall, a ministry,
the shelves in department stores, hospital departments or
rooms in a museum, for example. The front of this device, strictly
similar to that described in Patent NO 8106629 filed in Paris,
April 2, 1981 and reproducing externally the same phenomena
luminous caused by the same photoresistors solicited from my
identical, could therefore be delivered, within sight of the interested parties
without the invention being deemed disclosed; the difference in function
tction, object of this text, resulting from the electrical design
completely renewed taper, meeting totally demanding requirements
distinct, remaining safe from curiosity inside the painting.

Externally, which differentiates the functioning of the system,
it's faster response, greater reliability,
and a significant widening of the limits of the lighting ranges which become usable. The new re-arrangement makes it possible to capture an extremely weak source of lighting. This is what makes the big difference
between the two conceptions; opposing them almost by the same oc
casion. This facade is animated by luminous markers or "indicators"
(incandescent micro-lamps or "LED" light-emitting diodes) LEDs
They are preferable; when energized, they light up by flashing, thus obeying the electronic background of the control unit, to which they are linked in the table. The lighting of the LEDs is controlled by "pho
differential resistors "which, unlike photoresist
ordinary resistances (PR), consist of two photoresistors
PR of equal values and capacities. 5th boxes containing the two PR
gathered exist in the trade. However, we will remember in the pre
feels a "differential" consisting of two separate PRs
real and strictly similar. Although similar these two PR will have
contradictory functions: the one watching for a moment of incapacity of the other to capture the ambient light to give the alert. To distinguish them, they should be named differently. The first of these "PR" will be the "active PR": specially assigned to the requests of the interested party seeking information in the table and the second will be the "compensation PR". These two PRs only work in pairs to constitute a "differential". In the present case, the
"Compensation PR" remains the only one vis-à-vis active ICTRs "numerous in the u
nity of order where they are integrated together. A table could
conceal several control units. Each unit, being circumscribed
in a circuit, constitutes a module. A table could contain more
several modules. These modules are what interests us more
proudly. They are the same; repetitive. It is an industrial product
triel, as such. Mass production lowers costs
of production. It is interchangeable in all answering devices
from the following technical description. Apart from the presence of a simple PR, for annexed internal use, all the others must be presented in pairs, using a "compensating PR", to form couples. However, there is only one "compensation PR" in the unit for all of the "active PRs". It will combine, in turn, with each of the "active PRs", to form couples ephemera. Thanks to this interesting feature, each time an "active PR" is requested, there will hardly be a single "LED" to light up. The "siBple photoresistor" already mentioned above, is reserved for the safety of the device. In case of vandalism on the public highway, we will come back to this later. The problem is secondary, but very topical.

"Differential photoresistor" reacts to a difference in e
clearly acting on one of the two independent photoresistors
your who constitute it for a brief moment. As soon as there is a difference
the level of light between the two cells, this imbalance will trigger a command
from the "differential PR" while the torque is being formed. In fact
quence, by closing the "active PR", depriving it of the light coming
of ambient lighting which continues to act on the "PR of compensati
on ", we infallibly provoke the reaction which is exploited here.
reducing to a single "compensation PR" is an appreciable saving factor
The command mentioned above, issued during an imbalance in the level
of illumination, will light up the LED (s) appearing on the front and which
depend on the "active PR requested. The signal of this indicator light
neux, landmark or seeing, will result in a light which would appear con
In reality, it will be an extremely fast, diffi
perceptibly visible to the human eye. It denotes an enslavement in
dispensable to the functioning of the system. Indeed, if by a means
whatever, we masked together all the PRs of a module, all the
LEDs that depend on it would light up in what would only be an illu
simultaneity. But that would only be an illusion; because these LEDs
will never light up together. Their light signals will all be
in relation to each other. It is in the intervals where the
LEDs go out, when they emit light intermittently
what their neighbors will light up at an extremely fast rate
The "compensation PR" will therefore have formed a couple with an "active PR" each time an electrical emission resulting in a brief flash in the LED has occurred. This results from a cycle imposed by a clock system electronic. The extreme economy of current which is the consequence, makes the process interesting. Not in terms of operating costs, but because it finally allows the practical use of photovoltaic cells, to ensure the supply of the device , if we wanted to make it autonomous. It is well known that solar cells are very parsimonious in terms of current production. It would have been necessary to have considerable surfaces, at the prices where the solar cells are currently, to supply the current necessary for the supply of a device which would not benefit from the trick mentioned. What makes this possible, determining a continuous and rapid rhythm, is the intervention of the comparator, the astable oscillator and the "ring mounted counters". The use of a system using pairs of cells acting so as to constitute the differential system was mentioned in the patent N06106629 already cited. The phenomenon is known to specialists. Each pair having the mission, by masking the "active PR" which forces the "compensating PR" to manifest its role in order to thus issue a command by a current emission. But the similarity, here too, is only apparent. The described assemblies were carried out with components supplied by the industry in the state of the art and art of the time; it was in 1981.

With great progress having been made, this text makes it possible to take advantage of it. The producers of photoresistors had clearly pointed out that the differential photoresistors gave greater sensitivity to the assemblies, which had led to verify and cite the phenomenon. However, the prices reached by a system which required two photoresistors (PR), per control station, being prohibitive, were radically opposed to its adoption. If a table representing, for example, a City Map, with luminous hands on the front, or a synoptic table with luminous markers, or other, using the alternatives mentioned in Patent N08106629, without using the differential system, should be used , it would have been necessary to display it imperatively in the light of day, on the public highway. The device, to function would have been dependent on a powerful illumination, failing which, the signals hoped for could not function.

In the dark, very early in winter; in the middle of the afternoon, for example, it became unusable. Consequently, it became obvious, that only the differential photoresistances, bringing a satisfactory solution, could be retained. But the right components were missing
Operating irregularly in overcast weather, depending on the level of lighting. In addition, a "twilight switch" was used to prevent all the light cues from working at the same time, if all the photoresistors were subjected to the effect of darkness or even penumbra. On a sunny beach in the middle of summer, it would have worked perfectly; which considerably reduced the scope of the invention.

However the bases were established for a later study in order to perfect the acquired results. The new components developed over the past few years have fulfilled the expectations invested in the creation of such a device, operating under optimal conditions. This results in results obtained in levels of illumination which are evaluated in "lux" or in "candela"; they turn out to be extremely favorable. So much so that such paintings can work inside a gallery, or a store, in a metro or train wagon, in dimly lit underground corridors. The prospects for use suddenly become endless, with however a differential system, double cell!
How could it have been made possible? As we have seen, tips led to significant savings and surprisingly more noticeable results than before. The twilight switching itself has disappeared. The photoresistors are still the same as before; it is the new generations of components that have enabled these results. Arrived at this stae, it is no longer necessary to look further, because we strictly ask for no more. What was not possible at the end of the seventies, is today in an exemplary fashion.

The electronic background required for each photoresistor is completely changed. A single compensation photoresistor, in the system of so-called differential cells, is sufficient for all of the "active cells" thanks to suitable components which trigger only one light signal at a time. If all these photoresistors were masked at once, the light signals would all work, of course, but in intermittent pulses, with all the precautions to avoid that there are two at the same time that light up. As a result7 the current consumption is very reduced and the replacement of the old light markers by other types of indicator, reduces it even more. The luminescent "flashes" being evaluated in millisecondsl the phenomenon of the persistence of the image in the receptor centers of the eye and the brain gives the illusion of its permanence. On the other hand, "flashing lights" are much more durable than the old luminous markers: which does not spoil anything, on the contrary. These indicator lights, these "indicators", are also less expensive.

 Advertising City Map, as described in the previous patent, or indication of a counter on the floor of a Department Store or, even, that of a stand in an exhibition or a Trade Show, or synoptic table to demonstrate the progression of scientific phenomena during any demonstration in a university or hospital hall, everything is now possible and the examples cited are by no means limiting, as we can easily understand. Thus the system lends itself to both an infinite range of possibilities ranging from an ordinary geographic or topographical location to a use in the educational field, via the nomenclature of floors, and their occupants in a professional or residential building. A town hall, for example, has many external ancillary services that should be pointed out and possibly located on a map of the city it controls? And these are only very limited examples The purpose of the description which follows is to allow to develop a table whose use will depend on the user, provided to ask the manufacturers of this panel to arrange and design it so that it can actually use it according to its own needs . The principle of the assemblies remaining the same for all the uses that one would like to make of it. One of these mounts can in turn be operated as a unit. If we do not wish to embark on the construction of arrays using the price ive described, with an infinity of cells, which remains possible, as we have seen, we could always use a combination of several units which, by their cumulation, would give the same result. Consequently, we are moving towards the design of a multi-purpose unit, the manufacturing of which will be repetitive, without however being limited to this single solution, because with the same principle, we could very well move on to the making of more significant in number of control stations and indicators. Conversely, by disconnecting the luminescent lights, they could be reduced to a number lower than that already provided for in the use of a unit. The system therefore remains very flexible and could thus meet very varied needs.

We will now move on to the complement of the previous patent whose purpose
sought is essentially based on the acquisition of a sen
greater sensitivity in responding to requests, the increase
lifespan mentation, reduced consumption
while running, replacing the photoresistor controlling the
twilight switching that appears on the surface of the panel
by a similar cell which is used as a com cell
thinking, by its internal electronic arrangements for the
all control stations thanks to a clock system
electronic which makes it a watch for all posts
of command-e, its use in the dark, the adoption of LEDs supporting repetitive pulses well, in place of the old markers Their abundance with little current and little voltage and also
a much longer lifespan at this level also
The old seers could be the prey of untimely breakdowns; the
choice having finally focused on light sources of a different type of warmth, i1 follows from the practical results which
necessarily smooth over the characteristics of the array as
such and that will be described in what follows.

The purpose of the assembly studied, after innumerable tests, is
to use a single compensation cell: this will be 12 photos
resistance PR26. It will serve as a compensation cell in re
gard of "x" other cells, acting according to the phenomenon of
functioning of "differential cells". These "x" others
cells will be within reach of the curious, the barge, or the per
sounds eager to seek information provided by the ta
bleau; these photoresistors, from PR1 to PR24, in the exe module
cut which has at the level of tests and experiences less than twenty-five control stations but which can be increased in name
Brie. as we have seen, (has no other objective than to prove it,
its "feasibility", operational model in support,) serves
therefore relevant to the normal operation of the switchgear that it is intended
born in advertising or synoptic tables, or other, as desired.

In the new design of the assembly, there is no longer any cir
electronic baking acting as a twilight switch,
or, as it is an "all or nothing" phenomenon, of com
mutator of darkness because the pair of cells, formed in turn
turn, by each of them from PR1 to PR, which we designate-
as a whole by PRx, successively associated with the
function assumed by PR26: the photoresistor remaining on guard
to ensure the phenomenon of differential cells, that is PRX-
- PR26, mounted on a potentiometric divider bridge will always give
the same output voltage regardless of the illumination at which el
are subject to the condition that its level is approximately i
dentistry on the two elements of the couple thus formed during the
duration of the operating sequence. This is indeed a
differential system. (PR6 hidden the "indicators" stop working.)
Photoresistors, numbered from PR1 to PR24, on the pro
jet, identical, in its operation, to the operational model
the laboratory, are scanned sequentially, with always
assistance from the same compensation unit: Photoresistor
PR26. This makes it possible to end up with the differential system. What has
notable advantage of minimizing consumption while
are subjected to brutal and optimal lighting. Like the sun
in summer, at midday, without taking into account the changes ho
seasonal raires as is the case in Paris or the variations
of brightness due to the effects of changes in latitude
At that time, in full light, the ohmic value of the cells
is very low (around Kil)
Due to the above, food only "sees" one
single pair of cells at a time. As a result,
in theory, the food being very little requested, that one can ~
mount as many cells as desired, one after the other
others, with the electronic background which
will be specific to each of them. The use of repetitive, intermittent luminescence indicators, in place of the old light indicators requires a different approach to the problem. This is tra
firstly has a definite advantage in the field of consumption
current, because they are content with very little. Else
apart from that they are practically indestructible, compared to the first ones
tees, qusnd well even these would be guaranteed for a
100,000 hour lifespan. Classic lamps can always
days skip even if they arrived at a high degree of fi
ability; these are accidents that can always happen. There are none
is not the same with luminescent lights which have the ability to
well lend themselves to a permanent regime of intermittent flickering. Their lifespan is considered unlimited if one respects the specifications of the producer. The use of this type of steering wheel has as a corollary an increase in the life of the device requiring an internal upheaval, in the electronic field with a very different approach to the problem which with the phenomenon of intermittent "flashes" also changes the typemême of the table although called with an identical use of that previously described, in the Patent N 81 06629, in the part concerning the application of the differential system. The signals themselves will be modified. In any event, for electroluminescent lights to appear on the surface, in public view, it is also necessary to use an appropriate electronic background, content with very easy current consumption. The limits of this consumption, themselves, imply the choice of electro-lurrinescen- "lights which, in their turn, totally modify, by their use, the very type of the device as well as the kind of Corsican light lights laying To date, we do not know a table representing, for example, indications on a town plan, using such a weak diet, this ass could only be obtained thanks to the rear - adequate electronic plan; this required major research and development efforts
Because with a supply of less than five volts we could supply these dozens of cells. spread over a large area: a wall for example.

The power supply of these electroluminescent lights is sequenced for two main reasons:
a) If two cells are hidden simultaneously in that
we will temporarily agree to call a "unit" of vint
four signaling stations, and therefore twenty four LEDs
Electro-luminescent> scintlllants, this of course results in an al-
two LEDs light together.
so that these two "LEDs" do not light up simultaneously
because the "sequential scanning" of the photoresistors
PR1 to PR24 also acts on the control of all the indicators Vis-à-vis the power supply, there is only one indicator at the
times, who claims him-aware. In this case, it is not surprising
that consumption is reduced in an extraordinary way
re and truly exceptional.

b) This device being intended to attract the eye of the person
requesting the desired information, recourse was had to
knowledge of security engineers, working in different
trades, especially regarding signa tags
in abnormal situations, a danger thus identifiable, by
example. The best existing light signaling
to attract attention visually lies in the
mission of a flash of lightning of a recurrence of 3.3 Hz, that is
a spacing, in this case, between two flashes of about one
third of a second in all
The scan sequence to trigger the lightning in the
"seer" in the above conditions is therefore useful
sée with a certain trick. In addition, this sudden broadcast of
current in this same light, as short as it is, present
the advantage of being clearly visible from several meters away,
in broad daylight: placed in the axis of the light point, with a con
extremely minimal summation, for a brief fraction of a second,
registers a brightness of 500 millicandela.

The technology used in this device is of the Metal type
Silicon oxide which a person skilled in the art knows well under the abbrevia
"M.0.S.". This type of component does not inherently consume
no current, it is insensitive to variations in voltage
power supply) and its very good immunity to electrical noise,
to parasites of various origins, make its use away
particularly interesting in the field currently chosen.

For the realization of this "unit" having twenty-four
control stations, by means of photoresistors PR1 to PR24, it
was used an oscillator with logic inverters C M.0.S. (Cornle-
mentary MOS) .The frequency of oscillation is determined by a resistance and
a corldensator, ie R2 and C1, with the following formula fo5c: 2.5 xlx C
- (R2 = 51 Kfl and C1 = O, lF) giving a number of "Hz". Another resis
tance R1 ten times greater than R2 ensures frequency stability of the bone
cillator whatever the supply voltage between 3 and 15 V.

This oscillator attacks the "CPO" (Clock Pulse) point, the zero input of the COmD
tor, made up, in fact, of three meters mounted in a ring (IC3, IC4, ICg '
to get the twenty four command posts. The counter advances at each time Il times LI
that once its input "sees" a low-high transition, or
rising edge "when the latter is in the" low "state.
counters providing eight commands, resulting in a total of 24 basic commands. Note, however, that a twenty-fifth, could, by trick, still be exploited in the last set counter. What does not exclude the ad
junction of other counters to further increase the non-zabre of orders with accessory components similar to
those used to assist the first three counters. But
for demonstration purposes, it was temporarily ad -
put that one arbitrarily limited the latter to the confec
tion of a unit of twenty four control stations which, at its
tower could, as a unit, be associated with several other
to obtain identical results, with however a food
tation specific to each of them in this specific case. Cu1ll
there are three meters in a unit or ten or twenty or more, the last meter with a free outlet could be converted into a 9 com station
just like the others. Consequently if we mention a unit this
twenty four control stations, the remaining free outlet could be used
This feature remains constant; even if we align ten cu
twenty meters in series, according to the principle demonstrated. Each account
tor has eight usable outputs with, in addition, one will
additional tie usable in the last counter.Other ... ent
says, a dozen counters, mounted one after the other
very, in a ring, would deploy eighty-one positions of ~ oC.an-
of light signals and not just four speed
In all of the above, it has been observed that only one indicator
corresponded to a -photoresistance (PR). The device concealed
however, additional benefits, which can be very
some useful examples of this.

could illustrate them, without constituting limits, because the
system could give rise to applications so m '-'- -
More than you could practically use the term "unlimited".

Indeed, what relationship could there be between the above and
the production of real control panels, keyboards
towlectronics and others that remain in the area of possibilities
among all other feasible applications and cue o
could not, exhaustively, list here.

We will therefore only point out five ideas among others, for
to illustrate the scope of this research in this area. If in the vlan
of a city there are several post offices: signposted by
LEDs, it is also possible for each of them to be approx -
manage the indication of the locations where the bof are located
to the letters which depend on it. On a table representing the
urban metro network, each station could, by ordering,
indicate the correspondences to pass from a line to a

Extremely clever combinations could be exploited
tees in this area. In an advertising board, of the "City Map" type which, as we know, is a plan surrounded by spaces indicating the coordinates and specialties of the advertisers; we for
Could imagine reflectors in each of these spaces, located under the transparent plate placed on the surface and carrying the advertisement.

Each of these reflectors could constitute a store of small
luminescent lights. These could be led by a
"chaser" effect. With an opto-electronic keyboard we could control "indicator lights on a board. However these being able to be multiplied we could thus form letters and consequently approach a way of delivering messages. By delaying the signals we would give them time A linear arrangement of these cells on a board would make it possible to locate ni
calves of liquids, pulverulent or granular products. Hau
different quantities, would determine different quantities and a
such a device, comparable to a series of "gauges", would allow, when the fixed levels are reached, to trigger, by electrical impulses, signals or to block shut-off valves. Saw the
variety of these applications nn cannot set a limit.

How does it become possible with so few means? In the advertising board taken as an example. at the start, we headed towards a relatively simple principle: we animate a "light or luminescent indicator" to indicate the seat of the advertiser on a
"City map" by masking a corresponding photoresistor (PR). Or we could use a "call" type "chaser" in each of the spaces acquired by the advertiser. As also each metro station would be, on an adequate plan, capable of indicating the route of the correspondence interesting the user and allowing the change of line. Or also the indication of mailboxes depending on any post office. It is possible with the device described to insert a ten-stage counter-decoder of the IC3 type, between the decoder and the oscillator IC1 (A and B) in order to multiply the frequency of oscillations. By ten, for example1 in this specific case for q counter-deco
their solicitor. It will be necessary to add to each output of this decoder counter, ten power adapters and their ten LEDs, each of them, in order to materialize the signals. It must be remembered that this Subset being, itself, "multiplexel there would be no increase in current consumption. The" flashes "being this
during sumultiplies, it could result, to a certain extent, in a decrease in brightness.

The above therefore constitutes a subset, or sub-module
for a given advertiser: it can be theoretically exploited by
the other advertisers also. As there are "LED" in
three or more colors, we could also customize a
subset.

The examples cited are not limiting and the device is
reveals eclectic. There is already an operational model
A "high value" on the MR (Master Reset) resets the counter
to zero, thus regaining independence from CF0 inputs
and CP1 (low transition). The capacitors "C": "3", "4" and "5" are
intended to round, by their action, the "fronts", in use
to avoid accidental counts in the IC3 assembly,
IC4 and IC5, constituting the unit described, thus causing anarchy.

IC2- A and B circuits allow the three counters to act
health in concert, as one, to ensure the sequences so
consistent and progressive. These counters only taken as an example,
have 24 exits, without prejudice to the possibilities of increasing them
their number. The twenty-four decoded outputs will "attack", each
in turn, the photoresistor from PR1 to PR24 insured individually
dual against the phenomenon of signal feedback by dio
des, from D1 to 024. Without this precaution we would see per
turbations and scrambling of well-defined and clean sequences
with each pulse, thus the requested photoresistor cannot be manipulated
will celebrate only by a solitary effect, without its similar inter
come thus causing the disorders which one sought to avoid.

It has been calculated that "flashes will only occur
for a few milliseconds, whenever the turn to dispose
tif in ring will have been accomplished.The phenomenon being accelerated, the eye
does not even perceive this luminescent intermittence; le tour com
full of such a unit taking only a small fraction of a second.

This phenomenon should be called "the sequential scanning of the
photoresistor ". The one that is common to all the other photos
resistors, to ensure the necessary compensation, claims what-
division pe to separate, the sequential scrutinies, some,
others. The set of photoresistors will have cell by cell
the, with a few dispersions and for a global illumination don
born, the same ohmic value. For the human eye the "flashe" lumines
100 will have the appearance of permanence, since it cannot really distinguish the phenomenon of accelerated intermittence according to what has been said.

 VDD being the power supply of the divider device, at the decoded output of the sequencer, will be divided roughly by halves since it serves both the compensation cell and that which is requested. By masking the latter, what will be called the "Data Bus" (BD) will be unbalanced with respect to the ambient lighting and the voltage will be too high in relation to the capacities of the cell remaining in "vigil": PR26. The decoded output "V3 ,, of the voltage will decrease as much as possible, towards zero Volts" A diode in series, with photoresistor PR26 ensuring the phenomenon of differential cells throughout the unit, assists it at this level to compensate the voltage drop of the signal non-return component; this is diode 052.

 The photoresistors being explored, analyzed, one by one and never together, we will find, in the time elapsed on the same "BD", all the values of VS of each divider device successively and by cumulation. Each time a potentiometric divider device is triggered by a decoded output, a corresponding indicator lamp is associated with it. As a result of "multiplexing, a phenomenon well known to specialists, the indicator concerned, corresponding to the PR cell, will emit intermittent luminescence by accelerated pulses, provided that this photo-resistant FR cell is removed from ambient lighting and insofar as the transistor controlling the indicator light is itself controlled by the same counter output which "activates" the corresponding photoresistor.

An operational amplifier 1C6 whose quiescent current is lrj 5, regulated by a resistor Rg, comprising a divider - potentiometric bridge created by the resistor R7, the adjustable resistor P1, and the resistor R8 produces the reference threshold at which can be compared to the "BD" data bus. Each time the value Vs of the data bus drops below the reference threshold, the output of comparator 1C6 goes to the "high" state. This signal is associated = another small inhibition signal in a gate IC2 deriving from the network: C2 (a capacitor.), a diode D 51 and a resistor R3. This signal comes from the sequencer. Thus the output ll2 "of IC1, keeping it low for a delay corresponding to the material reaction time of the photoresistors associated with the operational amplifier acting as comparator and which has its own response time per inhibits 1: illumination of the corresponding indicator light. This will prevent the masked photoresistor and therefore being requested to illuminate the indicator reserved for the effects of the neighboring photoresistor. Thus, at the output of the relevant door of the integrated circuit IC2, there is a logic inverter IC1 (D ) which will put the signal in the right direction to attack immediately a MOS transistor, channel "P", acting as a power adapter bearing the mark T26
The LEDs are found in a "sandwich" between the power adapters T1 to T24 (M.û.S. channel "N") and T2. This simple detail explains why only one LED is powered at a time
Resistor R4 limits the current to 100 mA in the LEDs.

These lights, made luminescent during the rapid time of the aforementioned light, remain off twenty three times longer.

 In reality, only 10 to 20 mA are passed through an indicator, while the producer of these indicators authorizes a direct current of 100 mA. The tails themselves of the components act, under these conditions, as a radiator to dissipate the calories generated by the passage of such a weak current.

It is possible to increase the frequency of system oscillations
multiplying it by ten. This would give the impression of seeing the lights lit continuously: this is another device of this system which results from the means offered by this assembly allowing divisions into shorter sequences again. We could by other means succeed in reducing even the necessary voltage, but having managed not to exceed the threshold of five volts, for such an assembly, we can consider that it achieves a very appreciable result. The supply is ensured in this case by four rechargeable batteries, l V, 2, which allows to think of the use of photocells already mentioned in the previous patent N08106629.

These same batteries will be associated with a capacitor which will act as an energy reservoir.

In the dark, in order to "mop up" the dispersions of the ohmic values of the photoresistors, a potentiometric bridge was provided (R5, R6> on the 8 Dl. It was calculated so as not to reduce too much the "dynamic "how R works at dusk, for example
Such a device, intended to be in the service of the public interest in being protected against vandalism. A circuit has been planned, which can be
nement, be integrated at the edge of the previous system. This circuit has the advantage of being suitable for several types of alarms.

 A photosensitive alarm is the first alternative.

The photoresistor PR'1 with high sensitivity, to visible light, is subjected to an untimely tripping filtering
which may be caused by parasites or the like. This filtering
is provided by the capacitor C'1. The whole is connected to a
"potentiometric balancing divider bridge": "R'2 - R'3, which reaches and then crosses another set of three resistors
these, one of which is adjustable: R'5, P'1, R'4, which allows con
select "the voltage comparison reference level". This has-
terminates at the positive terminal of the programmable current comparator
power supply "IC'1" assisted by a programming resistor
of the current consumed: R'6. Input "7" of IC'1 is connected
on the positive terminal of the power supply - via a
capacitor C'2: "IC'1" is an operational amplifier.

The action of this amplifier, in turn, crosses a comoiflal-
its formed of components such as resistors, capacitors and
diodes assisting the IC-'2 integrated circuit, broken down into sections
A, B, C, D. At level "D", in the immediate vicinity of the inverter Sl''Arre'-m = ~ che '
the resistor R'-7, the capacitor C'3 delay the start-up.
Between levels "A" and "B", the resistance R'10 and the conden-
sator C'4 are intended to delay after detection, ie "Tp 2"
Between levels "B" and "C" are located the resistance R'11 and the
capacitor C'5. By their intervention, they constitute the elé
elements of the actual alarm delay, ie "T-3".

We thus arrive at the final phase of the operation of the device i-
tif of the alarm itself, that is, the optical signals and or
acoustics, or other kinds of electrical events
triques, like commands from other devices, as we can see
ra further and also elements ensuring the frequency of the cillator which conditions this alarm. The integrated circuit "I-3
in its "A" and "B" levels, with assistance, dtune Résistan
this R'13 and the capacitor C'7 provide for the latter function
tion. It is in this section that the trem are connected
bleurs: the "buzzers" which can reach eighty deci
bels during signal, which have the effect of small alarm sirens.

If the "feasibility" test was carried out with a single "buzzer",
the assembly provides for the addition of a second shaker of the same pus-
sance. In this same feasibility test, he was also assistant
luminescent lights that work in concert with the buzzers. The test shows that several trmbleurs could be added.

 One can, of course, inhibit one for the benefit of the other whichever would be best, by simply unplugging the type of signal that has become useless. The circuit also lends itself to many other improvements, as has already been said, which allow other types of alarm, as we will see.

The electro-mechanical "Stop-Run" inverter "S1" located at level "D" of IC'2, could be replaced by its lockable counterpart with key "52"
The network Rr8, Rr92Dr2 and D'3 inhibit the monostables in the "Off" position
This circuit can, in itself, be used for other kinds of alarms, whether it is the switchboard itself that in the field of security in general. PR'1 could be replaced by sensors of a very different kind.

 There are some which work with magnetic contacts (reversers with wire exit) or with mechanical contacts. There are some with normally open contact "N.0." At rest. And also counterweight shock detectors. A panel fitted with the latter system, attached to a display case, would serve both to protect the painting and the display case itself. This is why its use goes beyond our main purpose: device security. This should not constitute a complexity in the present text, since one normally follows from the previous.

 Its use being very flexible, we could use this circuit completely independently in the field of security in general. We could, for example, connect it to a contact mat: it would signal the presence of someone standing on it. An inertial detector could easily be adapted to it. By replacing the buzzers with a 12 V relay.

we would activate a horn type rr horn "or also the lights of a car. Conversely, we could put a circuit breaker or cause a short circuit, either localized or at the battery.

 The photoresistor PR'1, hidden inside the device.

being kept in the internal darkness of the latter, would trigger, in all cases, the buzzers as soon as it is exposed to light, by the very opening of this device. However, once opened, the device will be immediately at the mercy of any additional act of vandalism: it would be too late to react. On the other hand, the numerous examples of other adaptations cited, the enumeration of which is in no way limiting, could undoubtedly be more effective, since they would trigger the alarm before the panel is opened. This multipurpose circuit gives rise to a system of great flexibility in the particular field of device security in particular and of security in general. As it lends itself to many applications and this text covers its partial or total use, that is to say in other sectors as well as the protection of the painting, since the two alternatives go together, it could also make an independent career by also exploiting it in fields as different as building accesses or in the anti-theft devices of cars while passing by the detection of the opening of a safe or a simple cupboard with products regulated in a pharmacy.

 The switchboard is only complete with a security system ensuring its inviolability. This system can also be extended in the same circuit of the switchboard with light signals. It is its protection which led to the reflections which led to the development of this type of alarm with multiple uses. Consequently, its possible uses, outside the device or deriving outside the device itself, if they are accessory or ancillary, nonetheless open up independent and individual perspectives, very interesting than it should be covered by this text.

 In patent N 81 06629, mention is made of a roller rotating at syncopated speed by means of a motor controlling a gear. This scroll delivered a message during its cult stations. In the current state of the art and technique, if the system seems to be out of date and if the other alternative to liquid crystals already mentioned must be favored in its place, the fact remains that the double motor system: one slaving the other by a set of notched cams and rotating at different or equivalent speeds, can be used in a vertical column that can serve as a rotating base, according to the same phenomenon, for su - wear the table carrying photoresistors to be solicited by masking and delivering a luminescent signal by indicator lights linked to each of these photoresistors.

 With three similar tables, one could geometrically form a prism, mounted on such a rotating and syncopated base.

The internell electronic central unit opening up to be common to the three panels according to what has been previously described. In terms of communications, the advertising effect of such a medium would be attractive
Obviously, this triangular arrangement of the panels is in no way limiting. Only the use of the system
electronics described, in any arrangement is concerned in this proposal.

In an advertising panel, the aim being to attract the eye, we often use various means. A simple mirror integrated on the support encourages people to look at it; a clock would attract attention. However, there is currently a type of quartz clock, operating thanks to solar cells, the use of which is retained to ensure the autonomy of the operation of the electronics of the switchboard; if his whole and his scus-
sets do not consume too much current. Otherwise the power would be provided by rechargeable batteries, simple batteries, or the mains current passing through a transformer to reduce it to the desired voltage. The clock is of the Solems type.

 Such a clock could be added to the board. We could very well add its mechanism to rotate needles on its facade. The City Plan itself, occupying a central position on the board can be used for such use. As a plan is designed in several colors and it is most often rectangular or quadrangular, one can very well "reserve" spaces devoid of colors, or edged by their tint, to mark the hours on the periphery.

The pivots of the needles would cross the center of the plane which would not suffer a great damage from it and would not constitute a
great embarrassment for those who would consult it. These amorphous silicon solar cells are direct current generators, of low intensity, transforming light radiation into energy.

Their two major disadvantages are that they use a lot of space to the detriment of that reserved for advertising and their
low current production with their low voltage. This alternative is perfectly usable in the present case, since thanks to the new electronic design, we have managed to considerably reduce the current requirements. This clock could, of course, be placed on another part of a support using the electronic system described. The examples given do not constitute any limitation to its possible addition to a system comparable to that which has been cited in the suggested uses. Illustrated by the existence of an operational model covering a fairly wide range of uses, the prospects for operating the system do not seem to know any precise limits; it would only have to be adapted to the various uses for which it is intended. Indeed, whether we proceed to the masking of a cell, on a device, like those which are mentioned in this text, whether this is done with the finger, or with the level of an opaque product filling a transparent container, it doesn't matter. What must be remembered, of course, is the multiplexed system in this particular application and more specifically in the fields of advertising, synoptic tables, landmarks, demonstrations in the educational field, topographical indications or particular locations in a storey floor or an event such as an exhibition, for example, where you have to look for a stand or a counter.

 This text is the essential complement to patent NO ai 06629 which it completes by improving it notably. The various uses mentioned have only been mentioned as an indication and cannot constitute limits to the operation of the me system. By adapting it to the various uses for which it is intended to be intended, its applications are multiple.

 In this type of device which can be very flat and very light, the only foreseeable improvement lies in the development of an integrated circuit bringing together all of the ring counters with an internal oscillator, but this requires a separate study of long duration and particularly expensive. Its possible appearance would in no way modify the present demonstration.

which is characterized by a very special approach to the use that is made of photoresistor and the phenomenon of compensation by the cell called "differential'1, common to all" active cells ". electronic is essential to achieve this. The extension of the circuit by its own protection system is justified because it will, in most cases a device exposed to vandalism. That this same protection system is clever enough to be able to Being able to use it in different ways and even being able to use it independently does not detract from its performance. Models in working order currently exist. They confirm the "feasibility" of this type of device, including both paired systems.

 We will proceed, in what follows, to the nomenclature of the various phases of their operation as illustrated in the diagrams "a" and "b" with symbols in Roman numerals.

a) Block diagram of the optical signaling system according to "a" in FIG. 2/2:
I - 24-stage counter-decoder: IC2 (A and B), IC3, IC.IC5.

There remains a twenty-fifth possibility of eventual exploitation.
tually.

II- Astable multivibrator with positive reaction: IC1 (A and E
III- Creation of the non-lighting time of the luminescent lights by
intermittent to promote compensation and time this re
photoresistor response: IC1 (C) -> C2 + D51-> R3.

IV- Diode and regulation in the event of the use of pho
topiles for charging batteries.

- V - Power supply by rechargeable batteries totaling 4.8 Volts:
from B1 + to EB4-
VI- Analog signal non-return diodes D1 to D24 or possible-
ment D25 if we add a twenty-fifth post.

 VII- Adjustment of the comparator quiescent current by the resistor Rg.

VIII- Reference of the comparison threshold adjustable by the potentome-
tre "P1" assisted by resistors R7 and R8.

IX- Power supply from the 1-10 or 220 Volts sector
transformer, rectifier and regulation, if the choice is made
on this solution.

X - Power supply filtering through capacitors C6 and C7,
constituting a reservoir of energy on the other hand.

XI- Twenty-four photoresistors for detecting "black", ie
PR1 to PR24; or up to PR25 if this option is chosen.

XI bis- Observer compensation photoresistor

 XIX- Power adapter "T26" common to the whole.

 XX- Logical inversion of the control signal by integrated circuit "IC1 (D).

Note: The section "XI r mentions twenty four or twenty five photos
resistances. They range from PR1 to PR24 or PR25; for practical reasons we
will designate them, as a whole by PRX. The section "XI bis" mentions the
photoresistor PR26. This last photoresistor, PR26, forms a couple
differential with each of the cells included in PRx. And this successi
vement: separately and in turn. Headings XI and XI bis therefore go
hand in hand, even if they have to be distinguished from each other.

b) Block diagram of the security alarm with several exploitable functions FIG. 2/2
XXI- Photoresistor with high sensitivity to visible light: PR r
XXII- Reference level of comparison in tension: Potenticmè-
tre P'1 and resistors R'4and R'5.

XXIII - Time delay "Tp.2" after detection by monostable.Cir
integrated IC'2 (A'and B ') as well as R'lo - Ct
XXIV- 9 Volt DC power supply by battery or other; wire
trage by capacitor C'6. In the patent '81 06629 we saw
how we could proceed to raise the tension by a cir
cooked converter in Fig. 4 / IV. This solution would
supply 9V. using that.

lower, of the whole table as described.
being called to act exceptionally would only solicit
little current. This alternative would therefore be viable.

XXV- Little buzzer type siren (high efficiency shaker!
80 decibels per meter. This buzzer "B'1,, works in 9V.
system provides for the addition of a second buzzer "E'2".

XXVI- Capacitor C'1 acting as an anti-tripping filter in
tempestives (parasites ...) XXVII- Programmable comparator in supply current: IC'1.

XXV III-Tp.3 time delay by monostable: IC'2 integrated circuit (B and
C), Resistor R'11, Capacitor C'5
XXIX- Inhibition of monostables in the "off" position par. cir
integrated IC'2 (level D), Resistance R ', R' and Dio-
of D'2 and D 3.

XXX- Oscillator blocked alarm and power control by cir
integrated IC'3 (A 'and B'), C'7 capacitor and resis
tances R'12 and R'13
XXXI- Potentiometric balancing divider bridge: Resistors
R'2 and R'3
XXXII- Programming resistance of consumed current: "R'6 XXXIII-, Stop-start inverter, electro-mechanical:" S1 "
XXXIV- "Tp.1" start-up delay by the trained network
by the resistor R'7 and the capacitor C'3.

XXXV- High efficiency luminescent indicators as well as limitation
current through Resistors R'14 and R'15 and diodes D'4 to D 3.

Conclusions:
a ') City map, synoptic table and others ...:
10 Power was provided in the feasibility model
by rechargeable batteries with reduced dimensions of a voltage of / IP.

20 We could modify the values of resistance R4 and con
C6 densifier to adapt the power supply between 4V. and 1SV., which
illustrates the great flexibility in the use of the system.

30 Consequently, the batteries can be recharged with mains current
or that from the use of solar cells, which would make
the system perfectly autonomous.

40 At night2 unsolicited, the device dormant, under 4.8 Vn 'auraiz
minimal and negligible consumption.
solicited, in the standby state, would consume a single milliampere / hour
The system put into activity would consume during the ignition of
a 5mA luminescent indicator per pulse, in a 24/25 station unit.

50 The luminescent "flash-light" provides a brightness of five
hundred millicandela.

60 "PR" photoresistors operate during an illuminated
ambient ranging from 10 lux to il0,000 lux (full sun, '.

70 In the arrangement of the "ring" counters 2 it is recalled
that we have 24 outputs, with normal function, but there remains 1'21-
ternative to add a twenty-fifth possibility allows
so much to add to it a twenty-fifth luminescent indicator of if
generalization, thanks to its own components.

80 The photoresistor PR26 successively forms a "couple" a
with each of the active photoresistors of PRx; either 24 or 25 pho-
resistors. This is why they appear in the two ruWri-
ques neighbors "XI" and "XI bis". By hiding "PRx" all the indicator lights
intermission intermittently; it will be the same if we violently illuminate the
Photoresistor PR26: This constitutes a test. It will be the same in the cé
opposite operation: PR26 masked.-would prevent the LEDs from emitting their signals.

90 Components chosen from the industrial range, work
from -200C to more (+) 700 C Below or above, it is necessary to have recourse to components known as "of military quality", at high prices.

100The system makes full use of the so-called MOS (Metal Oxide) technology
Silicone) which is characterized, at the same time, by its insensitivity to disturbances likely to hinder other types of components with functions deemed analogous and by a very low current consumption.

 ? 1By an internal adjustable resistance, the sensitivity of the control elements can be adjusted as best as possible during the operating tests.

 12In recharging, the set of batteries providing a voltage of 4.8 V. can be self-sufficient for a certain period depending on whether the device is "dormant or in the waking state during operation. On average, in the first two cases this a) unloaded imentation would last one month. If a photoresist cell was continuously stressed, which would cause the operation of a luminescent LED delivering its signal, continuously, the supply would last five days.

As a result, recharging is necessary to compensate for leaks or normal consumption. The reduced voltage allows the use of solar cells for this purpose.

b ') Multi-function alarm system ...: 130 The alarm is based on the use of a photoresistor posted as a "sentry" inside the device where darkness prevails. The system is connected before the device is closed and will only be sensitive to light intrusion after a short delay allowing conditions favorable to detection to be set up. When the device is open, the alarm is triggered, if it is not immediately disconnected after a short delay it will manifest itself by sound and / or optical signals. All an electronic circuit allows this photoresistor sensitive to light to transmit its "instructions" to "buzzers", sirens or "seers'
This circuit will be coupled with the first. Called to operate rarely, but powerfully, for a short time, it will use a common power supply. The complementarity of the two systems thus becomes obvious: the device exposed to the public has in itself its own protection system. which, moreover, is included in the same printed circuit and supplied with the same sources.

140In place of the photoresistor, we could connect other types of sensors commonly sold on the market, such as those with normally open contact (NO) at rest, the circuit lends itself perfectly. We could for example obtain system triggers by:
10) Weights shock detectors
20) Magnetic or mechanical contacts
If the device is fixed on a showcase, forming part of a glazed assembly of store front, for example, one could by branches, connect the two preceding examples on e.

seems of all the showcases with a device to be added and inspired by the multiplexing mentioned above. In any case, an air vent on the showcase supporting the device and allowing the installation of the detection system, would protect the showcase itself even by an audible alarm and, in addition, warning lights5 would deliver a light signal, on a control panel, inside the company. In any case, the circuit described will allow the materialization of the alarm.

30) Still with leads we could use a tapit
high security contact.

40) Similarly, we could adapt an inertial detector which if
would cause displacements of elements thus equipped.

 150The audible signal can be amplified by connecting, instead of the "buzzers", a 12 V relay which, in turn, could control a "horn" type siren.

 The latter alternative could be used on a demonstration vehicle, equipped with panels on its sides. We could then use the horn of this vehicle.

 l7 By the same means, it would be possible to trigger the warning lights or the headlights. Or also cause a short circuit or only cause the circuit to break in a place chosen in advance, discreetly located.

18even if its essential role is to ensure the security of the switchboard or of the vehicle carrying this switchboard for demonstrations to potential customers, the individual capabilities of the system cannot be ignored. Its presence would already protect the display case to which one would be taken to fix it, as we have already seen. It could also function independently, with its own power supply and make a career on its own. The examples quoted, for information only, are by no means limiting. The partial or total use of the system is covered by this text. In the same stride, we could give another example
very simple: the photoresistor detection system for
should be dissociated from the whole and yet contribute to the pro
tection of the device during the commercial prospecting required
both a demonstration of the paintings. If we covered the vehicle
with a dust cover, the system
fixed inside being in the dark, the alarm would react if el
was connected, under the effect of light, by removing this
cover. There is thus always a relationship between the tables themselves
same and their anchor, the protection of the two ranging from
peer. But if the tables, being fixed on the sides of the vehicle,
were to be removed and deposited elsewhere, the detection system
tion, having remained inside, would still be in working order ner? ...

The luminous signals of the device and the reaction of the
security system is a strictly identical phenomenon
even if their manifestations diverged. Furthermore the set being
compact and made up of signaling or alarm systems necessarily forms a whole. The two being combined together in this circuit exploit a similar phenomenon inside the same device; this is why the alarm is included in this text.

For convenience, reference has been made to the animated city plan, the synoptic or signaling table or any other application which can use the phenomena described, by a single word: the device. The security system is often called: the alarm. For the luminous markings, or indicators which could be light-emitting diodes "LED" or of the filament and in micro-lamps
candescence, the term "clairvoyants" has often been used.
the astable reader is also a multivibrator. The counters "mounted in a ring, are a series of counter-decoders - connected one after the other to have a large number of outputs to meet the needs of a device with such a large number By photoreceptor, we mean all electronic components such as photodiodes, photocouples, etc., capable of picking up light and transforming it into an electrical signal, and they are covered by this text where we speak of another member of this family: photoresistors.

The invention therefore relates to an apparatus with "light or luminescent lamps" controlled by photoresistors (or PR) which, temporarily associating in pairs, form ephemeral couples, at the end of cycles, rapid and repeated, during very short but continuous durations. Giving the illusion of permanence during optical manifestations, (in the witnesses of the PR). The purpose of these PRs is to detect an imbalance in the lighting acting concurrently on each of the two simple PRs (constituting these pairs). Characterized in that the first of these two "PRs" called "active PR", in the couple thus fleetingly formed at the end of each cycle, is specially reserved for the stresses on the front of this device. masking of the effect of the ambient lighting acting on it. It triggers, by there, a command by this rupture, after having cooperated on this occasion, with the second PR called "PR of compensation". This latter characterizes itself even in that it remains unique in each unit. It is common, in turn, to all couples thus constituting any unit bringing together several commands in the same device. (Which is likely, in turn, to contain several In order to trigger the lighting of the optical indicators which they control thanks to the intervention of an integrated circuit acting as an "analog comparator" ensuring the "sequencing" of the comparison steps with the support a "logic inverter oscillator" attacking several "ring-mounted" counters which divide time into regular sequences, like a clock. Thus punctually constraining, at each cycle, and each in turn, the "active PR" chosen. Allowing them, at the end of the cycle, to trigger individual commands animating the witnesses who depend on it. They occur as soon as the non-optical signals compared have brought out the difference in the lighting acting on the two PRs making up this couple by means of the system which controls them and this after each cycle leading to the designated clock front. The device is also characterized in that although cooperating with a single "compensation PR" all the "active PR" listed here of
PR1 & PR25 in the example proposed for the demonstration, using this single "compensation PR" will, each using non-return diodes, counted from D1 to D25, intervening here to prevent the formation of a anarchic and inextricable network (series / parallel) and to maintain a total independence each one vis-à-vis its fellow men who remain alone, and each of its side, to control the indicator lights which are subject to them in its own right, even if several " Active PR "which, while retaining their total independence from each other, are all subject to the effect of darkness, while the" compensating PR "continues to remain lit. The device is also characterized in that upstream of the "compensation PR" common to all the successive differential couples, formed in turn with the "active PR", there is an "astable oscillator", itself even plugged into a "decoder counter", acting like a clock, dividing time into sequences, to regularly manage these, assigning them to the mission assigned to them in chronological order which translates, at the level indicator lights, by an extremely fast and regular blinking, of the lights resulting from the fact that said "active PR" are sequentially scanned, with an imposed offset and this at each triggering and each in turn, without the immutable rhythm of the sequences and that of the cycle revolution, leading to the clock front, are disturbed; which ensures, for each potential order, the right to act and, each to its particular sequence, without taking into account the sequences not used for orders nevertheless counted in a regular and permanent progression.

Claims (6)

10 Apparatus with "indicator lights or luminescent" controlled by photoresistors (PR) which associate temporarily in pairs thanks to the system described to form ephemeral couples at the end of rapid and repeated cycles thus constituting for very short but continuous durations giving the illusion of permanence during their optical manifestations in tees  less "PR" which have as their object the detection of an imbalance at the level of the lighting acting concurrently on each of the two simple "PR" which constitute them, being characterized in that the first of these two "PR" called "PR active "in the couple thus fleetingly formed at the end of each cycle and specially reserved for the stresses on the front of this device by masking the effect of the ambient lighting acting on it and thereby triggering a command which by this break cooperates on this occasion with the second "PR" called "compensation PR" which is characterized in that it remains unique in each unit and common in turn to all the couples thus constituting any unit bringing together several commands in the same device likely in turn to contain several units in order to trigger the lighting of the optical indicators which they control thanks to the intervention of an integrated circuit é acting as an "analog comparator" ensuring the "sequencing" of the comparison stages with the support of a "logic oscillator-inverter" attacking several "ring-mounted" counters which divide time into regular sequences like a clock by punctually punctuating each cycle and each in turn the "active PR" chosen to allow at the end of the cycle the triggering of the individual commands animating the witnesses which depend on it and occurring as soon as the non-optical signals compared have done highlight the difference in illumination acting on the two "PR" components of a couple by the will of the system which controls them and this after each cycle leading to the designated clock front. 20 The apparatus according to the preceding claim is characterized in that although cooperating with a single and unique "PR" compensation "all" active PR "listed here from PR1 to PR25 in the example proposed for the demonstration using  this single "compensation PR" each go using the di  non-return devices counted from D1 to D2S intervening here to em  fish the formation of an anarchic and inextricable network series /  parallel and keep total independence each with respect to its  alike who stay alone and each on their side to order  the indicator lights which are subject to them directly and this  even if several "active PR" which while keeping their total  independence from each other are all together  subject to the effect of darkness while the "PR of compensated  tion "continues to stay lit  30 The apparatus according to any of the preceding Revendica  tions is characterized in that upstream of the "compensation PR"  common to all successive differential couples formed in turn  role with "active PR" is an "astable oscillator"  itself plugged into a "counter-decoder" acting as a clock  lodge splitting time into sequences to manage regularly  the latter by assigning them to the mission which was impar to them  tied in chronological order which is reflected in the witnesses  luminous by an extremely fast and regular flashing of the readings  eurs resulting from the fact that said "active PR" are sequential  scanned with an imposed offset and this each time triggers  each in turn without the unchanging rhythm of the sequences  these and that of the cycle revolution culminating in the hor front  lodge are disturbed which ensures each of the poten commands  the right to act and each in its particular sequence without respecting  counts sequences not used for commands nevertheless  counted in a regular and permanent progression.  40 The device according to any one of the preceding Revendica  tions is characterized in that several meters combined "in year  neau "form only one with several outputs connected to  "active PR" thus making it possible to examine in turn the  say "PR" and each separately after a period equal to the duration to  tale assigned to the complete turn of this exploration to succeed  for the particular effects of the single control station requested by  obturation sa "active PR" while preserving complete independence  era of each position even if several positions are solicited  simultaneously because each station will only react to its own sequence.  50 The device according to any one of the preceding Revendica  tions is characterized in that the warning lights come on via inter  mittences of equal durations according to a very fast rhythm imposed by the oscillations of the "multivibrator-oscillator allowing a dis  regular tribution of his orders when the "scruta-  sequential "while the meters mounted in a ring"  tirelessly perform their duties so as not to ultimately allow  lumer as the only indicator light subject to the command which takes advantage of the ar  turn of its own turn to be triggered by inhibiting at the same time  the effects of other commands waiting for their own turn this cui  significantly reduces the power requirements of this device  60 The apparatus according to any of the preceding Revendica  tions is characterized in that it can be powered by cells  photovoltaic because its electricity needs are reduced  that only one control station operates at a time for  that it is connected because the others remain inhibited while it is walking.  70 The apparatus according to any of the preceding claims is  characterized in that a counter-decoder "can be inserted" to  several additional stages between "the astable oscillator" and the  input of its "counter-decoder" in order to multiply the frequency of  oscillations allowing the multiplication of solidai LEDs  res of each control station depending on an "active PR" for sen-  rer of additional light signals which can still be overdriven  multiplied by adding similar means because time can be di  aimed at infinity until saturation  80 The apparatus according to all of the preceding claims is  characterized in that a last decoded output can be used in the "counters mounted in a ring at the end of its complete turn.  90 The apparatus according to all of the preceding claims is characterized  in that another station using a simple uncoupled "PR" is  arranged in the same circuit but turned towards the interior of  this device to ensure its safety by capturing any possible  light entry to determine if there is a break-in.  10 The apparatus according to the preceding claim is characterized  in that it includes an integrated alarm system deriving from the same  assembly to ensure its own security but it is also characterized  in that the above system authorizes the replacement of the "pop" by  other types of sensors which may within the limits of the circuit co  order other types of alarms such as shakers (Buzzers;  and other sound or optical systems without other modifications than  the values and capacities of the components using amplifier  crackers and relays to possibly use a siren or other  whose appearance would require a readjustment of the voltage level.