FR2703459A1 - Dark turbidimeters - Google Patents
Dark turbidimeters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2703459A1 FR2703459A1 FR9300771A FR9300771A FR2703459A1 FR 2703459 A1 FR2703459 A1 FR 2703459A1 FR 9300771 A FR9300771 A FR 9300771A FR 9300771 A FR9300771 A FR 9300771A FR 2703459 A1 FR2703459 A1 FR 2703459A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- turbidimeters
- obscure
- monitored
- instrument
- aquatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
- G01N21/8507—Probe photometers, i.e. with optical measuring part dipped into fluid sample
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Turbidimètres obscurs
Les problèmes posés par la pollution des eaux marines et douces exigent un contrôle en continu pour la détermination non seulement de l'état de ces eaux en des moments déterminés de prélèvements d'échantillons, mais encore pour enregistrer le décours temporel en permanence de l'évolution des états successifs de ces eaux.Obscure turbidimeters
The problems posed by the pollution of marine and fresh waters require a continuous control for the determination not only of the state of these waters at determined moments of sampling, but also to record the permanent temporal course of the evolution of the successive states of these waters.
Cela revient à implanter des capteurs en des lieux choisis d'eaux dormantes ou circulantes de surface souvent éclairée-ou de fonds dont les phréatiques. xes capteurs et les chaînes de mesure associées généralement utilisés pour mesurer les contaminations opalescentes en chronique sont : 1/ de tailles encombrantes; 2/ d'un poids total ne facilitant pas les opérations; D/.alimentés en courant alternatif de voltage domestique ce qui est d'une part une contingence et, d'autre part, potentiellement dangereux lors de manipulations en présence d'eau; 4/ souvent d'étendues de mesures (des centaines de NTU) qui sont excessives puisque ce qui doit entre contrôlé cl est le début d'une pollution turbide et, à partir de là, les fluctuations jusqu'à des valeurs où l'évidence d'examen oculaire suffirait pour le moins et sans capteurs à déclencher une action de décontarnination; 5/ de prix élevé. This amounts to installing sensors in selected places of standing or circulating water of often lit surface - or of funds including the phreatics. xes sensors and associated measurement chains generally used to measure opalescent contamination in chronic are: 1 / bulky sizes; 2 / a total weight that does not facilitate operations; D /. Supplied with alternating current of domestic voltage which is on the one hand a contingency and, on the other hand, potentially dangerous during handling in the presence of water; 4 / often ranges of measurements (hundreds of NTUs) which are excessive since what must between controlled cl is the beginning of a turbid pollution and, from there, the fluctuations until values where the evidence eye examination would be sufficient at the very least and without sensors to trigger a decontarnination action; 5 / high price.
Le turbidimètre obscur type, objet du présent brevet, est, lui : 1/ de faible encombrement (le diamètre de la cellule de mesure faisant avantageusement corps avec le câble, la perche, la canne, à titre indicatif, de jonction et de mise en place, estd'environ iomm ); 2/ de faible poids ne dépendant proportionnellement dans certains montages que de la longueur de la jonction considérée, elle-meAme fonction de la profondeur d'eau à sonder ou de la topographie du lieu où se trouve cette eau; 3/ de prix réduit. Ces caractéristiques résultent de la conceptualisation fondamentale et ergonomique qui préside à la structure fonctionnelle du capteur type, objet du présent brevet. The standard obscure turbidimeter, which is the subject of this patent, is itself: 1 / compact (the diameter of the measuring cell advantageously being integral with the cable, the pole, the rod, for information only, junction and setting place, is about iomm); 2 / low weight depending proportionally in certain assemblies only on the length of the considered junction, itself a function of the depth of water to be probed or the topography of the place where this water is found; 3 / reduced price. These characteristics result from the fundamental and ergonomic conceptualization which presides over the functional structure of the typical sensor, object of this patent.
Ce capteur est constitué d'un dispositif optronique infra-rouge travaillant avantageusement et à titre non limitatif dans les 880nm; cet ensemble est logé dans un tube rigide,de petit diamètre pour les turbidimètres obcurs de petites tailles, ce, due part et d'autre d'un système asymétrique de fenêtres prenant assises sur les génératrices du cylindre tubaire lui-même. C'est par ces ouvertures que pénètre l'eau à examiner qui est ainsi traversée par le flux lumineux allant du générateur à la cellule photoélectrique qui lui fait vis-à-vis, ces composants étant reliés à une source de courant continu bas voltage, c'est-à-dire, à titre indicatif, 4,5-5V, obtenu à partir de toutes sources d'énergie électrique, soit piles, accumulateurs, batteries solaires, réducteurs de tension notamment. This sensor consists of an infrared optronic device working advantageously and without limitation in the 880nm range; this assembly is housed in a rigid tube, of small diameter for obscure turbidimeters of small sizes, this, due on both sides of an asymmetric system of windows sitting on the generatrices of the tubular cylinder itself. It is through these openings that the water to be examined penetrates which is thus traversed by the light flux going from the generator to the photoelectric cell which makes it opposite, these components being connected to a low voltage direct current source, that is to say, for information, 4.5-5V, obtained from all sources of electrical energy, namely batteries, accumulators, solar batteries, voltage reducers in particular.
te présent brevet couvre en totalité la famille des turbidimètres obscurs quelles que soient leurs tailles et leurs configurations. C'est ainsi qu'il peut y-etre adapté un dispositif de remise à O et qutonZpeut se servir du turbidimètreen mesures analogitues ou numériques visuelles, ou en continu permanent comme sériel en fonction du minutage donc éventuellement d'une minuterie; on peut aussi faire que les valeurs mesurées soient transmises par radio télémétrie(notamment.en modulations de fréquence) ou par un procédé optique. The present patent fully covers the family of obscure turbidimeters whatever their sizes and configurations. This is how it can be adapted a reset device to O and qutonZ can use the turbidimeter in analogical or digital visual measurements, or continuously permanent as serial depending on the timing and therefore possibly a timer; it is also possible to have the measured values transmitted by radio telemetry (in particular in frequency modulation) or by an optical process.
te turbidimètre obscur, objet de la présente invention, peut eAtre embarqué sous un faible encombrement sur une bouée flottante1 immergée ou sur perche et il a aussi l'avantage d'être implantable- au mieux dans les anfractuosités des rives. Il est à noter que le présent capteur optronique n'émettant pas de lumière visible ne perturbe pas la faune et la flore de l'environnement, ce qui est un avantage particulier en pisciculture et pour les pecheurs. te turbidimeter obscure, object of the present invention, can eAtre embarked in a small footprint on a buoy floating1 submerged or on pole and it also has the advantage of being implantable - at best in crevices of the shores. It should be noted that the present optronic sensor does not emit visible light does not disturb the flora and fauna of the environment, which is a particular advantage in fish farming and for fishermen.
Il faut remarquer que les turbidimètres obscurs, objets du présent brevet, travaillent de façon linéaire entre O et 500.NfU, étalonnés avec de la formazine, et qu'ils peuvent se ternir au long de leur fonctionnement d'o une baisse sensible de la transmittance optique, signal qui indique que les surfaces du dispositif optronique doivent être nettoyées, mais cette signalétique contribue par là-m8me à connaître aussi la pollution en fonction de son temps d'apparition et de sa nature (polluants gras colloïdaux neutres...). It should be noted that the obscure turbidimeters, which are the subject of this patent, work in a linear fashion between 0 and 500.NfU, calibrated with formazine, and that they can tarnish during their operation, resulting in a significant drop in the optical transmittance, signal which indicates that the surfaces of the optronic device must be cleaned, but this signage thus contributes to knowing also the pollution according to its time of appearance and its nature (neutral colloidal fatty pollutants ...) .
Les turbidimetres obscurs, objets de la présente invention, couvrent notamment tous les emplois de l'opacimétrie de terrain : les eaux, les liquides autres, les gaz comme ceux des fumées d'incendie ou de cheminées tant domestiques qu'industrielles. En particulier, un turbidimètre obscur peut être placé dans les nappes phréatiques, dans les retenues et effluents de barrages, mais aussi dans les zones de déchets (égouts, tanneries, laiteries, porcheries, abattoirs, laveries...) ou, au contraire, dans les zonesd'aquaculture. Egalement, un turbidimètre obscur trouve un emploi dans les installations de chauffage et, remarquablement, dans les industries de fermentation (croissance microbienne dans les industries d'antibiotiques; industries de boissons). The obscure turbidimeters, objects of the present invention, cover in particular all the uses of field opacimetry: water, other liquids, gases such as those from fire smoke or chimneys, both domestic and industrial. In particular, an obscure turbidimeter can be placed in the water tables, in dams and effluents, but also in waste areas (sewers, tanneries, dairies, pigsties, slaughterhouses, laundries ...) or, on the contrary, in aquaculture areas. Also, an obscure turbidimeter finds use in heating installations and, remarkably, in fermentation industries (microbial growth in antibiotic industries; beverage industries).
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9300771A FR2703459A1 (en) | 1993-01-27 | 1993-01-27 | Dark turbidimeters |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9300771A FR2703459A1 (en) | 1993-01-27 | 1993-01-27 | Dark turbidimeters |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2703459A1 true FR2703459A1 (en) | 1994-10-07 |
Family
ID=9443381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9300771A Pending FR2703459A1 (en) | 1993-01-27 | 1993-01-27 | Dark turbidimeters |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2703459A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3319514A (en) * | 1962-06-13 | 1967-05-16 | Jr Decker G Mcallister | Submersible turbidity detector unit |
US3551670A (en) * | 1968-07-03 | 1970-12-29 | Bowser Inc | Sludge level detector using an infrared source and detector |
US3876312A (en) * | 1973-08-13 | 1975-04-08 | Fishmaster Products Inc | Water turbidity measuring apparatus |
FR2245945A1 (en) * | 1973-09-27 | 1975-04-25 | Wiksell Hans | Measuring suspended solids content in liquid media - by infrared pulsating light beam from light-emitting diodes |
US4499376A (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1985-02-12 | Paul T. Frost | Hydraulic oil counting device and water separator |
DE3715507A1 (en) * | 1987-05-09 | 1988-11-17 | Berufsgenossenschaft Nahrungsm | Measurement of dust conc. in gas or solid particle conc. in liquid - opto-electronically measuring intensity of light pulses passed through medium |
-
1993
- 1993-01-27 FR FR9300771A patent/FR2703459A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3319514A (en) * | 1962-06-13 | 1967-05-16 | Jr Decker G Mcallister | Submersible turbidity detector unit |
US3551670A (en) * | 1968-07-03 | 1970-12-29 | Bowser Inc | Sludge level detector using an infrared source and detector |
US3876312A (en) * | 1973-08-13 | 1975-04-08 | Fishmaster Products Inc | Water turbidity measuring apparatus |
FR2245945A1 (en) * | 1973-09-27 | 1975-04-25 | Wiksell Hans | Measuring suspended solids content in liquid media - by infrared pulsating light beam from light-emitting diodes |
US4499376A (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1985-02-12 | Paul T. Frost | Hydraulic oil counting device and water separator |
DE3715507A1 (en) * | 1987-05-09 | 1988-11-17 | Berufsgenossenschaft Nahrungsm | Measurement of dust conc. in gas or solid particle conc. in liquid - opto-electronically measuring intensity of light pulses passed through medium |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
MESSEN PRUFEN 1 Mai 1981, pages 284 - 289 BONFIG ET AL. 'UNTERSUCHUNG DER DURCHLICHTINTENSITATEN,ETC.' * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Cullen et al. | Optical detection and assessment of algal blooms | |
DeRegnier et al. | Viability of Giardia cysts suspended in lake, river, and tap water | |
Carruthers et al. | Measurement of light penetration in relation to seagrass | |
Sampedro et al. | Turbidimeter and RGB sensor for remote measurements in an aquatic medium | |
KR102215071B1 (en) | crude oil and green and red tide detection apparatus | |
Singh et al. | Seasonal variability in CDOM absorption and fluorescence properties in the Barataria Basin, Louisiana, USA | |
Cheung et al. | Metal concentrations in tissues of rabbitfish (Siganus oramin) collected from Tolo Harbour and Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong | |
EP0811842B1 (en) | Biosensor and method for controlling the water quality | |
Barron et al. | Quantifying solar spectral irradiance in aquatic habitats for the assessment of photoenhanced toxicity | |
Zandagba et al. | Assessment of the physico-chemical pollution of a water body in a perspective of integrated water resource management: case study of Nokoué Lake | |
Cranford et al. | Phytoplankton depletion by mussel aquaculture: high resolution mapping, ecosystem modeling and potential indicators of ecological carrying capacity | |
KR101663163B1 (en) | green tide and red tide remote monitoring apparatus | |
FR2703459A1 (en) | Dark turbidimeters | |
Olowu et al. | Determination of heavy metals in crab and prawn in Ojo Rivers Lagos, Nigeria | |
Pal et al. | Colour optimization of the secchi disk and assessment of the water quality in consideration of light extinction co-efficient of some selected water bodies at Cooch Behar, West Bengal | |
Gitelson et al. | Quantitative near‐surface remote sensing of wastewater quality in oxidation ponds and reservoirs: a case study of the Naan system | |
Ray et al. | Environmental monitoring of estuaries: Estimating and mapping various environmental indicators in Matla estuarine complex, using Landsat TM digital data | |
Painting et al. | Marine water quality at Diego Garcia: a preliminary study of pollution levels in coastal and lagoon waters | |
Schafer et al. | Chlorinated hydrocarbons in marine mammals | |
Riska et al. | Association Between Mangrove Types and Some Mangrove Crab Species in West Lombok Sheet Mangrove Ecosystem | |
Severi et al. | Use of electric fishing for fish fauna survey in Southern Brazil | |
Williams | Optical properties of the ocean | |
Agustina et al. | Analysis of Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) Content in Sediments and Faunus ater at Bale Lhoknga Aceh Besar District | |
Dey et al. | Geospatial assessment of seasonal water quality of Malad creek, Mumbai, India: An impact of sewage discharge | |
Lehmusluoto | Some aspects on the classification of natural waters by algal assays (AGP), prelude |