FR2697914A1 - Non-destructive control of metal sections by ultrasonics - in bulkheads using sections of great length - Google Patents

Non-destructive control of metal sections by ultrasonics - in bulkheads using sections of great length Download PDF

Info

Publication number
FR2697914A1
FR2697914A1 FR9213640A FR9213640A FR2697914A1 FR 2697914 A1 FR2697914 A1 FR 2697914A1 FR 9213640 A FR9213640 A FR 9213640A FR 9213640 A FR9213640 A FR 9213640A FR 2697914 A1 FR2697914 A1 FR 2697914A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
sections
frequency
length
destructive
bulkheads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9213640A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
FR2697914B1 (en
Inventor
Lassince Philippe
Carton Alain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Constellium Issoire SAS
Original Assignee
Pechiney Rhenalu SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pechiney Rhenalu SAS filed Critical Pechiney Rhenalu SAS
Priority to FR9213640A priority Critical patent/FR2697914B1/en
Publication of FR2697914A1 publication Critical patent/FR2697914A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2697914B1 publication Critical patent/FR2697914B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
    • G01N29/0609—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays
    • G01N29/0618—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays synchronised with scanning, e.g. in real-time
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/041—Analysing solids on the surface of the material, e.g. using Lamb, Rayleigh or shear waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
    • G01N29/0609—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays
    • G01N29/0618—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays synchronised with scanning, e.g. in real-time
    • G01N29/0627—Cathode-ray tube displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/30—Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/341—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/348—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with frequency characteristics, e.g. single frequency signals, chirp signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/042—Wave modes
    • G01N2291/0423—Surface waves, e.g. Rayleigh waves, Love waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/048—Transmission, i.e. analysed material between transmitter and receiver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
    • G01N2291/2691—Bolts, screws, heads

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

A non-destructive method for controlling the surface condition of metal section bulkheads using ultrasonic techniques comprises (a) placing an emitting probe specific to the material to test on the lateral surface of the bulkhead to be controlled, in the immediate neighbourhood of its free end and in contact with it via a coupling medium, (b) emitting a set of ultrasonic signals of a convenient frequency (f) for a duration of between 50 nanosecs. and 100 microsecs. and at a given recurrent frequency (fr), (c) sensing the reflected echoes on the fault and the other end of the section, and (d) translating the position of the initial signal and the echoes from the fault and/or the end on a cathodic screen. The section has a length of greater than 10 metres. The frequency of the ultrasound waves is between 0.1 and 10 MHz. The recurrence frequency is less than C/2L, where C is the speed of propagation of the ultrasound waves and L is the length of the sections. USE/ADVANTAGE - Used for the non-destructive control of the surface condition of bulkheads fabricated from metal sections using ultrasonic techniques. Allows an integrated control of all of the walls of the sections of the same assembly without any material losses. It can be applied for sections of 30-50 metres in length and for most metallic materials including aluminium and its alloys. The method is simple, rapid and non-destructive as well as being reliable. It allows the detection of crossing and non-crossing surface cracks having a depth over or equal to about 20 microns.

Description

METHODE DE CONTROLE PAR ULTRASONS DE PROFILES METALLIQUES CREUX A CLOISONS
ET DE GRANDE LONGUEUR
L'invention concerne une méthode de contrôle non destructif par ultrasons de surface de profiles métalliques creux de grande longueur possedant des cloisons longitudinales.METHOD FOR ULTRASONIC CONTROL OF HOLLOW PARTITION METAL PROFILES
AND OF LONG LENGTH
The invention relates to a method of non-destructive ultrasonic testing of the surface of long hollow metal profiles with longitudinal partitions.

La méthode habituelle de contrôle de la continuité des cloisons internes de tels profiles ou de la présence de fissures superficielles, de directions généralement transversales, consiste en une méthode d'observation visuelle limitée à quelques mètres de longueur.The usual method of checking the continuity of the internal partitions of such profiles or the presence of surface cracks, in generally transverse directions, consists of a visual observation method limited to a few meters in length.

Pour les profilés de grande longueur (L k 10 m), on est donc conduit à un contrôle statistique, en prélevant un (ou plusieurs) profilé(s) par lot et en les sectionnant en longueurs inférieures ou égales à quelques mètres pour examen visuel de chaque tronçon.For very long profiles (L k 10 m), we are therefore led to a statistical control, by taking one (or more) profile (s) per batch and by cutting them into lengths less than or equal to a few meters for visual examination of each section.

La méthode selon l'invention permet au contraire de contrôler intégralement toutes les parois des profilés d'un même lot, sans perte de matière.The method according to the invention on the contrary makes it possible to fully control all the walls of the profiles of the same batch, without loss of material.

Elle met en oeuvre les ondes ultrasonores superficielles, encore appelées "ondes de Rayleigh".It uses superficial ultrasonic waves, also called "Rayleigh waves".

Cette methode consiste 1. A placer une sonde émettrice spécifique du matériau à tester sur la
surface latérale de l'une des cloisons à contrôler, au voisinage
immédiat de son extrémité libre, et en contact avec celle-ci, par
l'intermédiaire d'un milieu couplant.This method consists of 1. placing a specific emitting probe of the material to be tested on the
lateral surface of one of the partitions to be checked, in the vicinity
immediately of its free end, and in contact with it, by
through a coupling medium.

2. A émettre une suite de signaux ultrasonores de fréquence f convenable
pendant une durée de 50 nanosec à 100 rsec et à une fréquence de
récurrence fr donnée. 2. To emit a series of ultrasonic signals of suitable frequency f
for a duration of 50 nanosec at 100 rsec and at a frequency of
recurrence fr given.

3. A capter les échos reflechis sur le défaut s'il y en a, et sur l'autre
extrémité de la cloison.3. To capture the echoes reflected on the defect if there is one, and on the other
end of the partition.

4. A traduire la position du signal initial et des échos du défaut et/ou de
l'extrémité sur un écran cathodique,
méthode caractérisée en ce que - la longueur du profilé est supérieure à 10 m - la fréquence des ultrasons est comprise entre 0,1 et 10 MHz - la fréquence de récurrence est inferieure à C/2L (Hz), C étant la vitesse
de propagation des ondes ultrasonores et L la longueur du profilé.4. To translate the position of the initial signal and the echoes of the fault and / or
the end on a CRT screen,
method characterized in that - the length of the profile is greater than 10 m - the frequency of ultrasound is between 0.1 and 10 MHz - the frequency of recurrence is less than C / 2L (Hz), C being the speed
propagation of ultrasonic waves and L the length of the profile.

Cette méthode permet de contrôler des profilés metalliques de l'ordre de 30 m de long et pouvant aller jusqu'à 50 m de long.This method makes it possible to control metal sections of the order of 30 m in length and up to 50 m in length.

Elle s'applique à tous les matériaux métalliques et en particulier à l'Al et ses alliages.It applies to all metallic materials and in particular to Al and its alloys.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de l'exemple suivant, relatif à des profilés en alliage d'Al 6061 état T5 (selon les désignations de l'Aluminum Association) dont la section transversale est reportée à la fig. 7, et de 27 m de longueur, comportant 3 cloisons internes.The invention will be better understood using the following example, relating to Al 6061 alloy profiles in T5 state (according to the designations of the Aluminum Association), the cross section of which is given in FIG. 7, and 27 m in length, comprising 3 internal partitions.

- La fig. 1, 3 et 5 représentent les aspects obtenus sur l'écran
cathodique, a étant le signal initial, b l'écho de défaut, c l'écho de
l'extrémité de la cloison.- Fig. 1, 3 and 5 represent the aspects obtained on the screen
cathodic, a being the initial signal, b the defect echo, c the
the end of the partition.

- La fig. 2 représente une vue en long d'une cloison de profilés au
grandissement 0,3 et les fig. 4 et 6 representent des coupes
macrographiques dans le sens long/travers-court au grandissement x 100
des zones de défaut detectées. - Fig. 2 shows a long view of a partition of profiles at
magnification 0.3 and fig. 4 and 6 represent sections
macrographic in the long / cross-short direction at magnification x 100
fault zones detected.

- La fig. 7 représente la coupe transversale du profilé testé.- Fig. 7 shows the cross section of the profile tested.

Les contrôles ont été effectués avec une sonde à coin de Plexiglas (marque déposée de la sté ROHM) adaptée au sondage par ondes ultrasonores superficielles de l'Al, émettant des signaux ultrasonores de fréquence 1 MHz pendant 10 rsec. The checks were carried out with a Plexiglas wedge probe (registered trademark of ROHM) suitable for probing by surface ultrasonic waves of Al, emitting ultrasonic signals of frequency 1 MHz for 10 rsec.

L'appareil de contrôle utilisé est un appareil Krautkramer type USK7S, dont la frequence de recurrence a été adaptée à 30 Hz.The control device used is a Krautkramer type USK7S, the recurrence frequency of which has been adapted to 30 Hz.

Le liquide de couplage utilisé peut être très varié (huile, glycol, eau, colle, etc...)
L'appareil est étalonné par création sur un profile sain de même longueur que les profilés à contrôler, d'un défaut artificiel transversal constitué par exemple par un depôt d'un filet du milieu couplant utilisé sur une grande face externe du profilé.The coupling liquid used can be very varied (oil, glycol, water, glue, etc.)
The apparatus is calibrated by creation on a healthy profile of the same length as the profiles to be checked, of a transverse artificial defect constituted for example by depositing a thread of the coupling medium used on a large external face of the profile.

Après étalonnage, on peut alors contrôler les 3 parois de chacun des profilés.After calibration, the 3 walls of each of the profiles can then be checked.

Les résultats obtenus sur des profiles pour lesquels les conditions de filage ont été volontairement déréglées pour obtenir des defauts sont les suivants - détection et localisation du defaut sur l'écran de l'oscilloscope (voir
fig.l, 3 et 5) - contrôle macrographique (destructif) de la zone defectueuse detectée
(voir fig.2, 4 et 6).The results obtained on profiles for which the wiring conditions were deliberately adjusted to obtain faults are as follows - detection and localization of the fault on the oscilloscope screen (see
fig. 1, 3 and 5) - macrographic (destructive) check of the faulty area detected
(see fig. 2, 4 and 6).

Cette méthode est simple, rapide, non destructive et sensible. Elle permet de detecter des fissures superficielles traversantes et non traversantes ayant une profondeur supérieure ou égale à 20 rm. This method is simple, fast, non-destructive and sensitive. It allows to detect through and non-through surface cracks having a depth greater than or equal to 20 rm.

Claims (2)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Méthode de contrôle de la santé superficielle de cloisons de profilés métalliques par ultrason de surface, consistant a) à placer une sonde émettrice spécifique du materiau à tester sur la1. Method for monitoring the surface health of partitions of metal profiles by surface ultrasound, consisting of a) placing a specific emitting probe of the material to be tested on the surface latérale de l'une des cloisons à contrôler, au voisinage lateral surface of one of the partitions to be checked, in the vicinity immédiat de son extrémité libre, et en contact avec celle-ci par immediately from its free end, and in contact with it by l'intermédiaire d'un milieu couplant b) à emettre une suite de signaux ultrasonores de frequence f convenable via a coupling medium b) to emit a series of ultrasonic signals of suitable frequency f pendant une durée de 50 nsec à 100 Fsec et à une fréquence de recurrence for a duration of 50 nsec to 100 Fsec and at a recurrence frequency fr donnée c) à capter les échos réfléchis respectivement sur le defaut et l'autre fr given c) to capture the echoes reflected respectively on the fault and the other extrémité du profilé d) à traduire la position du signal initial et des echos du défaut et/ou end of the profile d) translate the position of the initial signal and the echoes of the fault and / or l'extrémité sur un écran cathodique méthode caractérisée en ce que - la longueur du profile est superieure à 10 m - la fréquence des ultrasons est comprise entre 0,1 et 10 MHz - la fréquence de récurrence est inférieure à C/2L Hz, où C est la vitesse the end on a cathode-ray screen method characterized in that - the length of the profile is greater than 10 m - the frequency of the ultrasound is between 0.1 and 10 MHz - the recurrence frequency is less than C / 2L Hz, where It's the speed de propagation des ondes ultrasonores et L est la longueur des profilés. propagation of ultrasonic waves and L is the length of the profiles. 2. Méthode selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le profilé métallique est en Al ou un de ses alliages. 2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the metal profile is made of Al or one of its alloys.
FR9213640A 1992-11-06 1992-11-06 Method of ultrasonic testing of hollow metal profiles with partitions and of great length. Expired - Fee Related FR2697914B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9213640A FR2697914B1 (en) 1992-11-06 1992-11-06 Method of ultrasonic testing of hollow metal profiles with partitions and of great length.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9213640A FR2697914B1 (en) 1992-11-06 1992-11-06 Method of ultrasonic testing of hollow metal profiles with partitions and of great length.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2697914A1 true FR2697914A1 (en) 1994-05-13
FR2697914B1 FR2697914B1 (en) 1994-12-16

Family

ID=9435490

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR9213640A Expired - Fee Related FR2697914B1 (en) 1992-11-06 1992-11-06 Method of ultrasonic testing of hollow metal profiles with partitions and of great length.

Country Status (1)

Country Link
FR (1) FR2697914B1 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0073893A2 (en) * 1981-09-01 1983-03-16 Hoesch Aktiengesellschaft Method of automatically checking the manufacture of elongated articles
EP0139317A2 (en) * 1983-08-26 1985-05-02 Dow Chemical (Nederland) B.V. Apparatus and method for the non-destructive inspection of solid bodies

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0073893A2 (en) * 1981-09-01 1983-03-16 Hoesch Aktiengesellschaft Method of automatically checking the manufacture of elongated articles
EP0139317A2 (en) * 1983-08-26 1985-05-02 Dow Chemical (Nederland) B.V. Apparatus and method for the non-destructive inspection of solid bodies

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA vol. 75, no. 1, Janvier 1984, NEW YORK, USA pages 189 - 195 C.H.YEW ET AL. 'An experimental study of interaction between surface waves and a surface breaking crack.' *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2697914B1 (en) 1994-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5526689A (en) Acoustic emission for detection of corrosion under insulation
US7010982B2 (en) Method of ultrasonically inspecting airfoils
US6301967B1 (en) Method and apparatus for acoustic detection and location of defects in structures or ice on structures
EP0204143B1 (en) Method and apparatus for the ultrasonic detection of internal faults in the edges of the head of a railway rail
US4619143A (en) Apparatus and method for the non-destructive inspection of solid bodies
JPS61283864A (en) Ultrasonic measurement method and detector for defect in metallic medium
US5804730A (en) Ultrasonic testing method
US6332361B1 (en) Method for evaluating bonding properties of a metallic pipe
US4445360A (en) Method for ultrasonically determining characteristics of a body
EP0139317A2 (en) Apparatus and method for the non-destructive inspection of solid bodies
CA2258913C (en) Ultrasonic technique for inspection of weld and heat-affected zone for localized high temperature hydrogen attack
US20020194916A1 (en) Method for inspecting clad pipe
US4106347A (en) Ultrasonic inspection apparatus for tubular members and method
CA2012374C (en) Ultrasonic crack sizing method
FR2697914A1 (en) Non-destructive control of metal sections by ultrasonics - in bulkheads using sections of great length
US3540267A (en) Ultrasonic testing of drill pipe and the like
RU2191376C2 (en) Method measuring sizes of defects in process of ultrasonic inspection of articles
JP2001330594A (en) Inspection method of metal pipe bonded body
US7418867B2 (en) Remote use of ultrasonic sensors
Puchot et al. Inspection technique for above ground storage tank floors using MsS technology
JP2001318085A (en) Padding pipe inspecting method
JP6953953B2 (en) A method for evaluating the soundness of oblique ultrasonic flaw detection, and a method for oblique ultrasonic flaw detection using this method.
JP2539019B2 (en) Ultrasonic flaw detection
Shliakhtsionak et al. Comprehensive analysis of signals in the process of ultrasonic flaw detection
JPS63304156A (en) Ultrasonic flaw detecting and inspecting device for steam turbine blade

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
CD Change of name or company name
ST Notification of lapse

Effective date: 20110801