FR2695695A1 - Multiple disc brakes and equipment for the mechanical suppression of braking. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multiple disc brake comprising a housing (1); a stack of brake discs (7; 8) having a first end (11); a thrust member (12) having a first face (15), placed opposite the first end (11) and a second face (16), opposite the first face and provided with a gripping device (22); and, an elastic return member (9), coupled to the thrust member, the effect of which is to achieve braking; the second face of the thrust member being provided with a hooking member (22), integral with the thrust member eliminating braking. According to the invention, the thrust member (12) and its fastening member (22) are obtained by molding a single one-piece assembly, the fastening member being obtained solely from the molding. One application is the simple and inexpensive realization of a disc brake.

Description

Many multiple disc brakes have a stack of discs

  brake and an elastic return member, the function of which, in the absence of any other action, is to create a thrust on one end of the stack of brake disks, causing braking Conventionally, the removal of braking is usually obtained by providing a pressurized fluid control,

  generally hydraulic, allowing the cancellation of said braking thrust.

  When the source of pressurized fluid is not in service, it is sometimes planned to obtain the suppression of the braking mechanically For this purpose, the thrust member which, in use, is interposed between the elastic return member and the stacking of the disks, comprises a machined external tapping allowing the threading of a bolt to be screwed on, making it possible subsequently to make a pull under

  said thrust member resulting in the mechanical suppression of said braking.

  FR-A-2 529 978 shows several embodiments of multi-disc brakes comprising a thrust member for transmitting the braking thrust

  generated by an elastic return member.

  FR-A-2 655 091 represents an embodiment in which such a brake is associated with a hydraulic motor, and in particular represents the rotational mounting of the motor and brake shafts with respect to the motor and brake housings, respectively. The invention, which relates to brakes similar to those shown in the documents referred to above, and which receives application especially in the case where these brakes are associated with hydraulic motors according to arrangements an example of which is described in FR-A A-2,655,091, aims to propose a complementary provision for mechanical suppression of braking, simpler and less expensive than that known to date, implying the need to provide

  machining a tapping in the thrust member.

  The invention therefore relates to a multiple disk brake comprising: a brake casing; a stack of brake disks contained in said housing and having a first end transverse face; a thrust member having a first face, facing said first end of the stack of brake disks, and a second face, which is opposite to the first face and which is provided with a gripping device; and an elastic return member, which is coupled to the thrust member and the effect of which tends to put the first face of the thrust member bearing on the first end of the stack of disks, with the realization of a axial displacement of the thrust face parallel to the axis of rotation, in a first axial direction, in order to perform the braking function of said brake; the second face of the thrust member being provided with a fastening member, which is integral with the thrust member and which allows the realization of a displacement of said thrust member parallel to the axis of rotation, in a second axial direction opposite to said first axial direction, displacement in said second axial direction capable of suppressing said braking. According to the invention, the thrust member and its fastening member are obtained by molding a single piece assembly, said fastening member

  being obtained solely from said molding.

  According to a first alternative embodiment, the fastening member comprises a cell capable of receiving a first end of two ends of a bolt having an end constituted by a screw head and an end constituted by a nut, and a rod provided with a thread, the inner section of the cell prohibiting the rotation of said first end of the bolt, the fastening member further comprising an insertion space of the first end of the bolt, arranged next to and communicating with the cell, space in which the first end of the bolt is freely movable, the outer wall delimiting the cell further comprising a slot for the passage of the bolt rod and prohibiting the passage of said first end

bolt.

  The invention also relates to an apparatus for the mechanical suppression of the braking of a brake according to the first variant defined above. This apparatus comprises said bolt and a support piece, which is traversed by a hole allowing the passage of the rod of the bolt and which is capable of being placed in abutment on a selvedge of said brake casing, so that said suppression of the braking is obtained after receiving the first end of the bolt in the cell, placed in support of the piece bearing on the edge of the brake housing, passing through the hole of the support piece by the bolt rod and placing said bolt rod into traction by pressing the second of the two ends of the bolt onto the piece of bolt; support and screwing of the thread of the rod in the nut of the bolt until suppression of the braking thrust of the organ of

  push on the stack of brake disks.

  According to a second variant of the invention, the coupling member of the brake is shaped as a grasping head, whose head is arranged protruding

  relative to the outer face of the thrust member.

  The invention also relates to an apparatus, which allows the mechanical suppression of the braking of a brake according to the second variant and which comprises a gripper extractor comprising a body capable of being placed in abutment on a selvedge of said brake casing. , and a clamp capable of grasping said pickup head, so that said suppression of braking is obtained after bearing the body of the extractor on the edge of the brake housing, grasping the grasping head by the gripper of the extractor, and pulling said mushroom through said clamp until suppression of the thrust

  braking of the thrust member on the stack of brake disks.

  The main advantage of the invention is to eliminate any machining of the thrust member, related to the provision of mechanical suppression of braking, this

  which simplifies the manufacture of the brake and makes it less expensive.

  The invention will be better understood, and secondary characteristics and

  their advantages will become apparent during the description of realizations given below.

below as an example.

  It is understood that the description and drawings are given only as

indicative and not limiting.

  Reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is an axial section, according to I-I of Figure 2, a multiple disk brake and an apparatus associated therewith mechanical suppression of braking; Figure 2 is a section on I-11 of Figure 1; and FIG. 3 is an axial section, similar to that of FIG. 1, of an alternative embodiment according to the invention of a multiple disk brake and of

  the associated equipment that allows the mechanical suppression of braking.

  The brake shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises: a brake casing 1, fixed by screws 2 on the casing 3 of a hydraulic motor, one end is visible; a brake shaft 4, which is rotatably mounted relative to the brake casing 1 around an axis of rotation 5 and which, in this case, is integral with respect to this rotation of the shaft 6 of the hydraulic motor, itself rotatably mounted, about the axis of rotation 5, relative to the crankcase 3 by means of conventional rotational bearings, not shown, which further realize the rotational mounting of the shaft brake 4 relative to the brake casing 1; a stack of brake disks 7, 8 secured to the rotation of the brake casing 1, and of the brake shaft 4, respectively, these brake disks being stacked alternately, a brake disc 8 after a brake disc 7, and this stack having a first end 11, and a second end 10, opposite the end 11, arranged opposite a transverse end face 3 A of the crankcase 3 and capable of be placed on this end 3 A. a cover 12, closing the brake casing 1, the periphery 12 A is slidably mounted opposite a bore 13 which comprises the brake housing 1, a seal of sealing 14 being interposed between the cover 12 and the bore 13, and a flat face 15, transverse, perpendicular to the axis of rotation 5, belonging to the cover 12, being disposed facing the second end 11 of the stack of brake discs, and being capable of being supported enme on this first end 11 and thus cause braking of the brake shaft 4 relative to the brake casing 1 by mutual support of the brake discs 8 on the brake discs 7 and the first end 10 of the stack on the transverse face 3A of the crankcase 3; an elastic washer 9, which bears on the face 16 of the cover 12 external to the enclosure 17 containing the brake discs 7, 8, delimited by the brake casing 1 and said cover 12, and which, moreover, takes support on a segment 18 introduced into a groove 19 that includes the brake housing 1, the elastic effect of this washer 9 being to tend to push the cover 12 in the direction of the arrow F, parallel to the axis of rotation 5 , in order to obtain the braking interaction of the brake disks 7 and 8; a selective inlet connection 21 for a fluid under pressure coming from an external duct 20, connecting this duct 20 to the enclosure 17, the effect of this pressurized fluid that can be admitted into the enclosure 17 on the cover 12, being antagonistic to that of the spring washer 9 and likely to push the cover 12 in the opposite direction to that of the arrow F, and thus, by removing the push face 15 of said cover off contact with the first end 11 stacking

  brake discs, to remove the braking.

  The central portion of the outer face 16 of the cover 12 is further shaped into a recess 22 for receiving either the nut 23 or the hexagonal screw head 24 hexagon bolt 25 having a threaded rod 26 The arrangement described shows the reception of the screw head 24 in the cell 22 The distance D 22 separating the opposite walls of the cell being smaller than the distance D 27 between two opposite edges 27 of the screw head 28, and the distance D 28 between two parallel and opposite sides 28 being less than the distance D 22, the cell 22 can receive the screw head 24, and after receiving prohibit any rotation about its axis Furthermore, this cell 22 opens by an opening 29 in an insertion space 30 of the screw head 24 (or of the nut 23) Finally, the outer wall 31 delimiting the cell has a slot 32, which passes through it, and which also opens into the space 30, this e 32 having a width D 32 greater than the diameter D 26 of the threaded rod 26 and less than the distance D 28 separating two opposite parallel sections A support piece 33, constituted in this case by a bar of rectangular section, having a thickness sufficient to withstand bending effects, is placed in abutment on the transverse edge 34 of the end of the brake housing 1, and is provided with a central hole 35 therethrough, a diameter greater than that of the threaded rod 26, traversed by said threaded rod 26 The nut 23 of the bolt 25 is screwed onto the end of the threaded rod 26, which is disposed projecting relative to the support piece 33, and has been applied with tightening on the outer face 33 A of the support piece, until exerting on the threaded rod 26 a traction effect greater than the elastic thrust effect generated by the spring washer 9 and applied to the cover 12 The effects, exercised by the puck 9 and by the bolt 25 on the cover 12, being in opposite directions, one directed along the arrow F, the other in the opposite direction to the arrow F, the one exerted by the bolt, predominant, causes the suppression of the brake thrust of the cover 12 on the stack of the brake discs 7, 8, and consequently the suppression of the braking itself, this, of course, even in the absence

  of admission of fluid under pressure into the chamber 17.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is, in part, identical to that of FIGS. 1 and 2 with respect to the constitution of the hydraulic motor and the multiple disc brake, and, in part, different from that of FIGS. 1 and 2, as regards the conformation of the outer face of the cover 12 and that of the mechanical suppression device The identical elements are identified by identical references in the two embodiments, and are not particularly redefined in the embodiment of FIG. the elements of Figure 3, which

  are new compared to those of Figures 1 and 2, are described below.

  The outer face 116 of the cover 12 has its central portion shaped as a grasping head 136, which protrudes from the rest of the face 116, and whose lower face 137 A of the head 137 can be grasped by the ends. 138 of the arm 139 of an extractor 140 The body 141 of the extractor is supported by its ends 142 on the transverse edge 34 of the end of the brake housing 1 The arms 139 are pivotally mounted about pivot pins 143 introduced into one of the holes 144 of a plurality of holes, which is provided with each arm 139, and, in holes 145 formed in a nut 146 The threaded rod 147 of a screw, which passes through a hole 148 formed in a part d 149 support that includes the body of the extractor, and, the screw head 150 bears on the support piece 149, is screwed into the nut 146 The screwing of the threaded rod 147 in the nut 146 causes traction on the pivot axes 143, and on the arms 139, which in turn, transmit this traction to the head 137 of the mushroom, to finally result in a displacement of the cover 12 in the opposite direction to the arrow F, and the mechanical suppression of the braking Note that one, 151, ends of the support piece 149 is shaped as a fork in the slot of which the head of the pulling rod 141 of the extractor on the edge 34 is disposed in an adjustable position, in order to adapt the size of the extractor 140 to the diameter

  outer edge 34 of the brake housing 1.

  It should be observed that, in one, as in the other embodiment, the attachment means (cell 22 of Figures 1 and 2, and mushroom 137 of Figure 3) belong to the cover 12, are monoblock with it, and are obtained only by molding of the cover 12, requiring no machining after molding to be used It is the main object of the invention to provide a solution eliminating any machining of the outer face 16, or 116, subsequent the

molding of the lid 12.

  Moreover, when no pressurized fluid enters the enclosure 17, the withdrawal, in the direction opposite to the arrow F, of the cover 12, obtained by the traction exerted on the cover, results in the desired suppression of braking, mechanical suppression unlike that which can be obtained by fluid under pressure by admission by means of the coupling 21, in the chamber 17, of such a fluid, when the

7 2695695

  source of the fluid under pressure, such as the engine supply pump

hydraulic is in use.

  The invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers all the variants that could be made without departing from their scope or their spirit.

Claims (5)

  A multiple disc brake comprising: a brake casing (1); a stack of brake disks (7; 8) contained in said housing and having a first end transverse face (11); a thrust member (12) having a first face (15) facing said first end (11) of the stack of brake disks, and a second face (16; 116) which is opposed to the first face and which is provided with a gripping device (22; 137); and an elastic return member (9), to which the thrust member (12) is coupled and whose effect tends to put the first face (15) of the thrust member bearing on the first end (11). disks stacking, with axial displacement of the thrust face parallel to the axis of rotation, in a first axial direction (F), in order to perform the braking function of said brake; the second face (16; 116) of the thrust member being provided with a fastening member (22; 137), which is integral with the thrust member which allows the displacement of said thrust member to be effected; parallel to the axis of rotation, in a second axial direction, displacement in said second axial direction capable of suppressing said braking; characterized in that the thrust member (12) and its fastening member (22; 137) are obtained by molding a single unitary assembly, said   fastening member being obtained solely from said molding.   2 multiple disk brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening member comprises a cell (22) capable of receiving a first end (24) of two ends (24,23) of a bolt (25). having one end consisting of a screw head (24) and one end constituted by a nut (23), and a rod (26) provided with a thread, the inner section (D 22) of the cell (22) prohibiting the rotation of said first end (24) of the bolt, the latching member further comprising an insertion space (30) of the first end (24) of the bolt disposed adjacent to and communicating with the cell (22). ), space (30) in which the first end (24) of the bolt is freely movable, the outer wall (31) delimiting the cell (22) further comprising a slot (32) allowing the passage of the rod (26) of the bolt and prohibiting the passage of said first end (24) bolt.   3 method for mechanical suppression of a brake disk brake according to claim 2, characterized in that said bolt is associated with a support piece (33), which is traversed by a hole (35) allowing the passage of the rod (26) of the bolt and which can be brought into abutment on a selvedge (34) of said brake casing (1), and in that, in order to obtain the suppression of braking, after receiving the first end (24) of the bolt in the cell (22), it bears the support piece (33) on the edge (34) of the brake housing, is passed through the hole (35) of the piece of support (33) by the rod (26) of the bolt and is placed in traction said rod (26) of the bolt by bearing the second (23) of the two ends of the bolt on the support piece (33) and screwing threading the rod (26) into the nut (23) of the bolt until the braking thrust of the thrust member is removed from the stack brake discs.   4 multiple disk brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening member is shaped in a gripping head (136) whose head (137) is arranged projecting from the face   external (116) of the thrust member 12.   The method of mechanically suppressing the braking of a disk brake according to claim 4, characterized in that a gripper extractor (140) comprising a body (141) capable of being supported on a selvedge (34) is used. ) of said brake casing (1), and a clamp (138-139) capable of grasping said grasping head (136), and in that, to obtain the suppression of braking, the body is supported (141) of the extractor on the selvedge (34) of the brake casing (1), the grasping head (136) is gripped by the gripper (138-139) of the extractor and the traction of said fungus by through said clamp until suppression of the thrust of the thrust member on the stack of discs brake.