FR2686656A1 - Regulating system (governor) for variable-pitch propellers - Google Patents

Regulating system (governor) for variable-pitch propellers Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2686656A1
FR2686656A1 FR9201181A FR9201181A FR2686656A1 FR 2686656 A1 FR2686656 A1 FR 2686656A1 FR 9201181 A FR9201181 A FR 9201181A FR 9201181 A FR9201181 A FR 9201181A FR 2686656 A1 FR2686656 A1 FR 2686656A1
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France
Prior art keywords
plate
blades
setting
blade
spring
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9201181A
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French (fr)
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FR2686656B1 (en
Inventor
Troncy Alain
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR9201181A priority Critical patent/FR2686656B1/en
Publication of FR2686656A1 publication Critical patent/FR2686656A1/en
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Publication of FR2686656B1 publication Critical patent/FR2686656B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0256—Stall control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/75—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism not using auxiliary power sources, e.g. servos
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/77—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism driven or triggered by centrifugal forces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The propeller is made up of a fixed plate (2) on which the blade roots (4) are mounted, which blade roots support the blades (3). Regulation is obtained by masses (7) which, under the effect of centrifugal force, act on the regulating plate (8) stressed by a spring (5) operating in torsion. The said spring has a prestress applied by the tensioner (10), the pitch angle is modified by the shoe of the blade root (6), the plate (8) gives the pitch of the blade (nominal) and pegs (12) make it possible to calculate the regulating travel in positive and negative pitch. The blades are synchronised by the regulating plate which acts on all the blades at the same time. A return spring (11) holds the shoes in contact with the plate (8).

Description

L'objet de l'invention est un système de régulation pour hélices à pas variables. The object of the invention is a regulation system for variable pitch propellers.

Le dit brevet, a pour objet d'obtenir un maximum de rendement de l'hélice (type aérogenerateur, éolienne de pompage etc...) tout en la protégant contre des vitesses de destruction. D'être compatible à des petites hélices (vitesse élevée) comme à des grosses (vitesse lente). Said patent aims to obtain maximum efficiency of the propeller (wind generator type, pumping wind turbine, etc.) while protecting it against destruction speeds. To be compatible with small propellers (high speed) as well as large ones (slow speed).

D'être automne, tout le système de régulation est interne-à--~ l'hélice ce qui permet l'utilisation sur des éoliennes en site isolé. Le même système de régulation sur des éoliennes de plus grande taille peut également être installé avec une régulation pneumatique ou hydraulique. Being autumn, the entire regulation system is internal-to- ~ the propeller which allows the use on wind turbines in isolated site. The same regulation system on larger wind turbines can also be installed with pneumatic or hydraulic regulation.

Car l'xencombrement du plateau de régulation atteint un diamètre pouvant permettre la fixation mobile de verrins qui sont actionnés par la rotation du plateau. La puissance obtenue sera utilisée pour la régulation.Because the size of the control plate reaches a diameter which can allow the mobile fixing of actuators which are actuated by the rotation of the plate. The power obtained will be used for regulation.

L'hélice peut avoir un nombre de pales indifférent suivant l'utisation (éolienne de pompage ou aérogénerateur, charge batterie, chauffage réseau).The propeller can have any number of blades depending on the use (pumping wind turbine or wind generator, battery charge, network heating).

Le système peut fonctionner au fil du vent ou sous le vent. The system can operate over the wind or downwind.

Etant appelé à l'utilisation d'éolienne en site isolé, le maximum de piéces d'usure (biellettes, bras d'asservissements, renvois, rotules) qui.Being called to the use of wind turbine in isolated site, the maximum of wear parts (rods, control arms, references, ball joints) which.

sont des causes de pannes ou d'entretien ne sont pas employées.are causes of breakdowns or maintenance are not used.

Le nombre d' organes constituant l'hélice est resteint. The number of organs constituting the propeller is limited.

Pour éviter les pannes souvent fatales et les opérations de maintenance
fréquentes, ce type d'hélice (industriel) aprés réglage et équlibrage
au banc peut être installé sur des éoliennes à usage multiples.To avoid often fatal breakdowns and maintenance operations
frequent, this type of propeller (industrial) after adjustment and balancing
the bench can be installed on multi-purpose wind turbines.

L'hélice est composée d'un arbre porte hélice (l) solidaire
du plateau fixe(2) sur lequel on a le logement des pieds de pales(4)
nombre qui peut varier suivant l'utilisation. The propeller is composed of a propeller shaft (l) integral
of the fixed plate (2) on which there is the housing of the blade feet (4)
number which may vary depending on use.

On trouve également l'encrage des ressorts de rappel(ll) qui maintiennent les pales (3) au calage nominal. Calage calculé suivant la forme et le profil de la pale. Sur l'arbre porte hélice, se fixe le plateau de régulation(8) qui est indépendant, monté sur roulement ou bague. There is also the inking of the return springs (ll) which hold the blades (3) at nominal setting. Timing calculated according to the shape and profile of the blade. On the propeller shaft, the independent control plate (8) is fixed, mounted on a bearing or ring.

Ce qui lui permet de pivoter sous l'effet des masses de régulation(7).This allows it to pivot under the effect of the regulating masses (7).

Le calage positif ou négatif est contolé par le disque(9) solidaire de l'arbre sur lequel des pions(l2) déterminent la course du plateau(8) suivant les angles de calage que l'on veut obtenir.The positive or negative setting is controlled by the disc (9) secured to the shaft on which pins (12) determine the stroke of the plate (8) according to the setting angles which it is desired to obtain.

La régulation est obtenue par un ressort(5) que l'on travaille en torsion-sur lequel on applique une précontrainte par le tendeur(10).  Regulation is obtained by a spring (5) which is worked in torsion-on which a prestress is applied by the tensioner (10).

Cette précontrainte est calculée suivant la vitesse que l'on désire.This prestress is calculated according to the speed that is desired.

Le rapport force est fonction du ressort(5) et de la masse des barres de régulation(7) différent suivant la taille de l'hélice.The force ratio is a function of the spring (5) and the mass of the control rods (7) which differ according to the size of the propeller.

Les masses de régulation se déplacent sur un axe perpendiculaire à l'arbre porte hélice, elles sont montées oscillantes(l4) au niveau du plateau de régulation et elles sont reprises par un axe glissant(l3) sur le boitiez de roulement du pied de pale. The regulating masses move on an axis perpendicular to the propeller shaft, they are mounted oscillating (l4) at the level of the regulating plate and they are taken up by a sliding axis (l3) on the bearing housing of the blade root .

Les masses(7) provoquent la rotation du plateau(8) qui modifient le calage par l'intérmediafre du sabot de pied de pale(6)
Les pales sont synchronisées, le plateau(8) donnant le même calage au même moment.The masses (7) cause the rotation of the plate (8) which modify the setting by the intermediafre of the blade root shoe (6)
The blades are synchronized, the plate (8) giving the same setting at the same time.

L'ensemble de l'hélice sera recouvert par une ogive pour sa protection et l'esthétique de l'ensemble. The entire propeller will be covered by a warhead for its protection and the aesthetics of the assembly.

L'hélice est constituée d'un plateau fixe(2) où sont montées les pieds de pales(4) qui supportent les pales(3). The propeller consists of a fixed plate (2) where the blade feet (4) which support the blades (3) are mounted.

La régulation est obtenue par des masses(7) qui sous l'effet de la force centrifuge agissent sur le plateau de régulation(8) containt par un ressort (5) travaillant en torsion.The regulation is obtained by masses (7) which under the effect of centrifugal force act on the regulation plate (8) containt by a spring (5) working in torsion.

Le dit ressort à une précontrainte appliquée par le tendeur(l0), l'angle de calage est modifié par le sabot du pied de pale(6). Le plateau(8) donne le calage de la pale (nominal), des pions(l2) perméttent de calculer la course de régulation en calage positif et négatif.Said spring comes out of a pretension applied by the tensioner (10), the setting angle is modified by the shoe of the blade root (6). The plate (8) gives the setting of the blade (nominal), the pins (12) allow to calculate the regulation stroke in positive and negative setting.

Les pales sont synchronisées par le plateau de régulation qui agit sur toute les pales en même temps Un ressort de rappel(ll) maintient les sabots au contact du plateau(8).The blades are synchronized by the regulating plate which acts on all the blades at the same time. A return spring (ll) keeps the shoes in contact with the plate (8).

Les masses de régulation ne sont pas solidaires des pales, ce qui permet d'éviter des vibrations et des fréquences internes à la pale, qui perturbent et voir à longue échéance détruisent le mécanisme de pivotement de la pale, (roulements, bagues, couronnes d'orientation).The regulating masses are not integral with the blades, which makes it possible to avoid vibrations and frequencies internal to the blade, which disturb and see in the long term destroy the pivoting mechanism of the blade, (bearings, rings, crowns of 'orientation).

Le nombre de piéces utilisées étant restreint, et tout en gardant une grande fiabilité, cela permet de diminuer le coQt de fabrication, et supprime une maintenance fréquente, et des causes de panne souvent fatales à l'éolienne.The number of parts used is limited, and while retaining high reliability, this reduces manufacturing cost, and eliminates frequent maintenance, and causes of failure often fatal to the wind turbine.

Le système de régulation assure pour des forces de vent excessives, une protection contre la destruction de la machine. Les pales passant en calage négatif, l'hélice s'oppose au vent(devient ventilateur) ce qui lui permet de ne pas prendre de survitesse, mais au contraire de ralentir pour ensuite reprendre un fonctionnement normal. The control system provides protection against excessive machine destruction against excessive wind forces. The blades passing in negative setting, the propeller opposes the wind (becomes fan) which allows it not to take overspeed, but on the contrary to slow down and then resume normal operation.

Claims (2)

REVENDICATIONS 1/ Système d'auto-régulation pour hélices à pas variables caractérisé en ce que l'hélice est constituée d'un plateau fixe(2) où sont montées les pieds de pales(4) qui supportent les pales (3). 1 / Self-regulating system for variable pitch propellers characterized in that the propeller consists of a fixed plate (2) where the blade feet (4) which support the blades (3) are mounted. La régulation est obtenue par des masses(7) qui sous l'effet de la force centrifuge agissent sur le plateau de régulation(8) contraint par un ressort(5) travaillant en torsion.The regulation is obtained by masses (7) which under the effect of centrifugal force act on the regulation plate (8) constrained by a spring (5) working in torsion. Le dit ressort à une précontrainte appliquée par le tendeur(10), l'angle de calage est modifié par le sabot du pied de pale(6). Le plateau(8) donne le calage de la pale (nominal), des pions(12) permettent de calculer la course de régulation en calage positif et négatif.Said spring comes out of a pretension applied by the tensioner (10), the setting angle is modified by the shoe of the blade root (6). The plate (8) gives the setting of the blade (nominal), pins (12) allow to calculate the regulation stroke in positive and negative setting. Les pales sont synchronisées par le plateau de régulation qui agit sur toutes les pales en même temps. Un ressort de rappel(11) maintient les sabots au contact du plateau(8).The blades are synchronized by the control plate which acts on all the blades at the same time. A return spring (11) keeps the shoes in contact with the plate (8). 2/ Hélice selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le déplacement axial des masses(7) provoque une rotation du plateau(8), qui exerce une poussée sur le sabot(6) par laquelle on obtient une rotation du pied de pale(4) qui modifie le calage de la pale(3). 2 / propeller according to claim 1 characterized in that the axial displacement of the masses (7) causes a rotation of the plate (8), which exerts a thrust on the shoe (6) by which one obtains a rotation of the blade root (4 ) which modifies the setting of the blade (3). Le calage des pales est obtenu par le disque(9) solidaire de l'arbre porte hélice(1), sur lequel des pions(12) déterminent la position du plateau(8). The setting of the blades is obtained by the disc (9) integral with the propeller shaft (1), on which pins (12) determine the position of the plate (8). Le dit plateau tenu en contact par un ressort(10). Les pales(3) sont ainsi maintenues au calage positif. Un ressort de rappel(11) maintient le sabot(6) au contact du plateau(8).Said plate held in contact by a spring (10). The blades (3) are thus kept in positive setting. A return spring (11) keeps the shoe (6) in contact with the plate (8). Sous l'effet de la force centrifuge, les masses(7) montées oscillantes(14) au niveau du plateau de régulation(8) sont reprises par un axe glissant(13) sur le boitier de roulements du plateau fixe(2). Ses masses se déplacent sur axe perpendiculaire à l'arbre porte hélice(1) qui provoque la rotation du plateau de régulation(8), d'une course à l'intérieur des lumiéres de celui-ci déterminée par les pions(12) qui donne le calage négatif aux pales(3). Under the effect of centrifugal force, the masses (7) mounted oscillating (14) at the level of the control plate (8) are taken up by a sliding pin (13) on the bearing housing of the fixed plate (2). Its masses move on an axis perpendicular to the propeller shaft (1) which causes the rotation of the regulation plate (8), of a race inside the lights thereof determined by the pins (12) which gives the negative setting to the blades (3).
FR9201181A 1992-01-29 1992-01-29 REGULATION SYSTEM FOR VARIABLE STEP PROPELLERS. Expired - Fee Related FR2686656B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9201181A FR2686656B1 (en) 1992-01-29 1992-01-29 REGULATION SYSTEM FOR VARIABLE STEP PROPELLERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9201181A FR2686656B1 (en) 1992-01-29 1992-01-29 REGULATION SYSTEM FOR VARIABLE STEP PROPELLERS.

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FR2686656A1 true FR2686656A1 (en) 1993-07-30
FR2686656B1 FR2686656B1 (en) 1994-03-18

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2817298A1 (en) 2000-11-30 2002-05-31 A F Electrification Wind turbine with mechanical regulator, uses weights attached to the blades to alter their angle under centrifugal force on the weights, with a return spring opposing the effect of the weights
WO2010108453A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Xu Jianxiong Variable pitch wind wheel of wind generator
CN101975143A (en) * 2010-11-19 2011-02-16 宁波锦浪新能源科技有限公司 Stabilized-speed pitch control device of wind-driven generator
CN103032266A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-10 宁波锦浪新能源科技有限公司 Fan linkage pitch system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104763587B (en) * 2015-04-27 2017-07-28 宁波锦浪新能源科技股份有限公司 A kind of novel wind motor linkage pitch-controlled system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1782280A (en) * 1928-12-01 1930-11-18 Arnold B Willenbring Windmill
WO1989002531A1 (en) * 1987-09-15 1989-03-23 Sven Svenning Konsult Ab Regulating device for maintaining constant the rotary speed in turbines

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1782280A (en) * 1928-12-01 1930-11-18 Arnold B Willenbring Windmill
WO1989002531A1 (en) * 1987-09-15 1989-03-23 Sven Svenning Konsult Ab Regulating device for maintaining constant the rotary speed in turbines

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2817298A1 (en) 2000-11-30 2002-05-31 A F Electrification Wind turbine with mechanical regulator, uses weights attached to the blades to alter their angle under centrifugal force on the weights, with a return spring opposing the effect of the weights
WO2010108453A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Xu Jianxiong Variable pitch wind wheel of wind generator
US9057358B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2015-06-16 Jianxiong Xu Wind turbine with variable blade pitch for wind power electrical generator
CN101975143A (en) * 2010-11-19 2011-02-16 宁波锦浪新能源科技有限公司 Stabilized-speed pitch control device of wind-driven generator
CN103032266A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-10 宁波锦浪新能源科技有限公司 Fan linkage pitch system

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