FR2664512A1 - Method of manufacturing tinplate cans - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing tinplate cans Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2664512A1
FR2664512A1 FR9108408A FR9108408A FR2664512A1 FR 2664512 A1 FR2664512 A1 FR 2664512A1 FR 9108408 A FR9108408 A FR 9108408A FR 9108408 A FR9108408 A FR 9108408A FR 2664512 A1 FR2664512 A1 FR 2664512A1
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Prior art keywords
cans
lid
nailing
hooks
new
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FR9108408A
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French (fr)
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FR2664512B1 (en
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Antonio Henrique Kramer
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B21D51/30Folding the circumferential seam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D7/00Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal
    • B65D7/12Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls
    • B65D7/34Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls with permanent connections between walls
    • B65D7/36Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls with permanent connections between walls formed by rolling, or by rolling and pressing

Abstract

Patent "Method of manufacturing Tinplate cans" by which it becomes possible to manufacture cans of tinplated sheet metal by the agency of a micro-flow, with optimal qualitative characteristics and advantageous economy of equipment, this method consisting of the use in the production of cans of a relatively thinner and harder plate, with a thickness of 0.16 mm, and a DRB temper (dip-coating), at the lid and at the bottom of the can, proportioning by the micro-flow a substantial reduction of the hooks and from other measures of the crimping (renailing) folds, either of the lid and the bottom of the can, or of the hooks and ends of the shell (body) of the can, without decreasing its volume.

Description

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RAPPORT DESCRIPTIF DU BREVET D'INVENTION "PROCEDE DE FABRI  DESCRIPTIVE REPORT OF THE PATENT OF INVENTION "FABRI PROCESS

CATION DE BOITES DE FER BLANC".WHITE IRON BOXES CATION ".

Le present Brevet d'Invention a pour but un pro-  The purpose of this Patent for Invention is to

cédé pour la fabrication de boîtes de fer blanc en tle -  sold for the manufacture of tinplate tin boxes -

etasme et se refere plus particulièrement aux moyens de re clouement du couvercle et du fond de la botte de fer blanc,  etasm and refers more particularly to the means of re-nailing the cover and the bottom of the tinplate boot,

par l'entremise desquels et grace a une substantielle r E-  through which and thanks to a substantial r E-

duction des mesures des crochets et d'autres plis de recloue ment on obtient une sensible et avantageuse réduction des diamètres de coupure du matériel employé dans la confection  duction of the measurements of the hooks and other folds of reclou ment a significant and advantageous reduction is obtained in the cutting diameters of the material used in the confection

du couvercle et du fond de la boite de fer blanc, ainsi -  of the lid and the bottom of the tin can, so -

que, par consequence, une significative reduction de la -  that, therefore, a significant reduction in the -

hautuer du corps de la botte de fer blanc, tout sans alté-  top off the body of the tin boot, all without

rer la valeur volumétrique des bottes, ce procédé, duquel-  rer the volumetric value of the boots, this process, of which-

results une substantielle économie pour l'emploi de la to-  results a substantial saving for the use of to-

le, soit dans son aspect quantitatif comme par l'emploi dl une tale plus mince et dure, soit, de O,16 mm, avec trempe DR 8, dont le prix se presente de 21,2 a 28,3 % plus bas que  the, either in its quantitative aspect as by the use of a thinner and harder sheet, or, of 0.16 mm, with DR 8 quenching, the price of which is presented from 21.2 to 28.3% lower than

celui des toles employees plus conventionnellement, c'est-  that of sheet metal used more conventionally, that is

a-dire, la tole de O,22 mm et 0,24 mm, avec trempe T 4 ett* Comme il est de la connaissance des experts, les boites du type conventionnel et en usage actuellement, des tinees a être utilisées pour l'emballage d'autres produits,  that is to say, the sheet of 0.22 mm and 0.24 mm, with quenching T 4 ett * As is known to experts, boxes of the conventional type and currently used, sizes to be used for packaging of other products,

plus particuli'erement pour les produits alimentaires appe-  especially for food products called

lés boites sanitaires, sont obtenues normalement en profi-  sanitary boxes, are normally obtained using

tant d'une tole étamée d'épaisseur de 0,22 a 0,24 mm avec  both a tinned sheet of thickness 0.22 to 0.24 mm with

trempe T 3, au couvercle et au fond; ces caractéristiques -  quenching T 3, at the lid and at the bottom; these characteristics -

qui également permettraient l'emploi de cette tôle en un -  which would also allow the use of this sheet in one -

microreclouement, toutefois, sans les avantages d'une gran de économie de 21,2 a 28,3 %, qui sont obtenues et résultan tes a travers l'usage d'une tole d'épaisseur O,16 mm, avesc ,, trempe DR 8, dans la forme du nouveau procede é,tttt*tttt  micro-gluing, however, without the advantages of a gran saving of 21.2 to 28.3%, which are obtained and resulting through the use of a sheet of thickness O, 16 mm, with, quenching DR 8, in the form of the new process, tttt * tttt

Le nouveau procédé de fabrication de bottes de -  The new boot manufacturing process of -

fer blanc an question vient proportionner une economie -  tinplate in question comes to proportion an economy -

J oe i m q substantielle, soit par la sensible réduction des diamatres  J oe i m q substantial, either by the appreciable reduction in diameters

de coupure du couvercle et du fond de la botts, en consé -  cutting the cover and the bottom of the botts, therefore -

quence de la réduction des mesures des crochets et d'autres  quence of reducing hook and other measures

plis de reclouement, ainsi que par la réduction de la hau-  reclouement folds, as well as by reducing the height

teur proportionnée au corps de la botte, sans affecter la valeur volumétrique, cette économie qui devient plus signi  proportional to the body of the boot, without affecting the volumetric value, this saving which becomes more signi

ficative grace a l'emploi d'une tole d'epaisseur mineure -  ficative thanks to the use of a sheet of minor thickness -

et d'une dureté majeure, c'est-a-dire, d'épaisseur de -  and of a major hardness, that is to say, of thickness of -

0,16 mm avec trempe DR 8, en rapport à la tole utilisée con  0.16 mm with DR 8 quench, in relation to the sheet used

ventionnellement, soit d'epaisseur de 0,22 a 0,24 mm et -  optionally, either 0.22 to 0.24 mm thick and -

trempe T-4, pour le couvercle et le fond ttts*s*stt*eeti Ce nouveau procédé est possibilité en bottes dont  quenching T-4, for the cover and the bottom ttts * s * stt * eeti This new process is possible in boots with

le corps se presente electriquement soude ou repousse, -  the body is electrically welded or repelled, -

c'est-a-dire, celles qui ne possedent pas deux épaisseurs-  that is to say, those which do not have two thicknesses-

dans l'allongement de son corps, comme il s'agit dans le -  in the lengthening of his body, as it is in the -

cas des boites dont l'allongement est obtenu par agrafage-  case of boxes whose elongation is obtained by stapling-

et soude avec étain ou plomb, ou thermoplastique, cette -  and soda with tin or lead, or thermoplastic, this -

condition n'etant pas viable dans ce nouveau procéde tite  condition not being viable in this new procedure

Le nouveau procédé de fabrication de boites en -  The new process for making boxes in -

question, se trouve représente sur les dessins ci-joints,-  question, is shown on the attached drawings, -

lesquels montrent, pour les fins de comparaison, soit les  which show, for comparison purposes, either

disques de coupure du couvercle et du fond, soit les par -  discs for cutting the cover and the bottom, i.e. the -

ties reclouées, comme le corps de la botte, avec ses tail-  re-nailed ties, like the body of the boot, with its tail-

les respectives, a savoir: tttetttettttte Sttttttttett Feuillet 1  the respective ones, namely: tttetttettttte Sttttttttett Sheet 1

FIGURE 1 une vue an coupure, montrant un reclouement -  FIGURE 1 a cut-out view, showing a re-nailing -

obtenu par l'entremise du procédé convention -  obtained through the convention process -

nel, c'est-a-dire, moyennant l'emploi d'une to  nel, that is to say, through the use of a to

le d'épaisseur de 0,22, avec trempe T 4, dont -  the thickness of 0.22, with quenching T 4, of which -

les mesures de reclouement se présentant rela-  the reclouement measures arising in relation to

tivement majeures; ?ettttttttttte Stte ttttt FIGURE 2 vue en coupure, montrant un reclouement obtenu  majorly; ? ettttttttttte Stte ttttt FIGURE 2 sectional view showing a re-nailing obtained

a travers le nouveau procédé, c'est-a-dire, -  through the new process, that is to say, -

J r.J r.

avec l'emploi d'une tôle d'épaisseur mineure,-  with the use of a sheet of minor thickness, -

soit Q,16 mm, et plus dure, c'est-a-dire, avec-  either Q, 16 mm, and harder, that is to say, with-

trempe D 28, dont les mesures de reclouement se  hardening D 28, whose re-nailing measures are

presentent sensiblement réduites par rapport -  present significantly reduced compared -

au procédé conventionnel; tttistettt*tttt+e  the conventional process; tttistettt * tttt + e

FIGURE '3 -FIGURE 3 -

FIGURE 4 -FIGURE 4 -

FIGURE 5 -FIGURE 5 -

FIGURE 6 -FIGURE 6 -

FIGURE 7 -FIGURE 7 -

FIGURE 8 -FIGURE 8 -

vue latérale d'une boite prete ou achevée, -  side view of a ready or completed box, -

dont le reclouement a eté obtenu par le procé-  whose re-nailing was obtained by the process

de conventionnel, dont la hauteur du corps s'-  conventional, whose body height is

offrs sensiblement majeure en rapport à la bol  noticeably major offerings related to the bowl

te obtenue par le nouveau procédé de recloue -  te obtained by the new reclouging process -

ment; t*****t*t *+**tts*ttt***t*s* ttstmss***  is lying; t ***** t * t * + ** tts * ttt *** t * s * ttstmss ***

vue latérale d'une boite prate ou achvée, -  side view of a prate or completed box, -

dont le reclouement a été obtenu par le nouveau  whose re-nailing was obtained by the new

procede, dont la hauteur du corps se presente-  process, the height of the body of which is

sensiblement mineure, sans reduction de sa va-  appreciably minor, without reduction of its value

leur volumétriques; ***tttttttttttttt**ttt vue du haut d'un disque destine à la formation  their volumetrics; *** tttttttttttttt ** ttt view from the top of a disc intended for training

du couvercle et du fond de la boite, coupe -  of the lid and the bottom of the box, cut -

avec diamatra usuel et employé dans les proce-  with usual diamatra and used in proce-

dés de reclouement conventionnels; tttt?*ttt vue du haut d'un disque destine a la formation du couvercle et du fond de la botte, coupe avec  Conventional reclouation dice; tttt? * ttt view from the top of a disc intended for the formation of the cover and the bottom of the boot, cut with

le diametre sensiblement mineur, utilisé dans-  the appreciably minor diameter, used in-

le microreclouement et conformément à l'objet-  microreclosure and in accordance with the object-

du nouveau procédé; tttett*t***tte****t  the new process; tttett * t *** tte **** t

vue du haut du couvercle et du fond de la bol-  view from the top of the lid and the bottom of the bowl-

te, déja estampes et en obéissant les mesures-  te, already prints and obeying the measures-

utilisses dans les procedes conventionnels de reclouement; tt*tt?****t*tt***ett**t*tttt*f*  used in conventional re-nailing processes; tt * tt? **** t * tt *** ett ** t * tttt * f *

vue du haut du couvercle et du fond ds la bol-  top view of the lid and bottom of the bowl

te, dejà estampe et en obéissant les mesures-  te, already stamping and obeying the measures-

utilisées dans le nouveau procédé de recloue -  used in the new reclouging process -

mant; ttt Sttt ttttttttttttttttt*ttttt*tt  mant; ttt Sttt ttttttttttttttttt * ttttt * tt

FIGURE 9 -FIGURE 9 -

FIGURE 10 -FIGURE 10 -

FIGURE 11 -FIGURE 11 -

FIGURE 12 -FIGURE 12 -

FIGURE 13 -FIGURE 13 -

FIGURE 14 -FIGURE 14 -

vue en coupure du couvercle et du fond de la -  cutaway view of the cover and bottom of the -

botte, déja estampé, montrant les crochets de  boot, already stamped, showing the hooks of

reclouement avec les mesures utilisées dans -  re-nailing with the measures used in -

les procedes de reclouement conventionnels; -  conventional re-nailing procedures; -

vue en coupure du couvercle et du fond de la -  cutaway view of the cover and bottom of the -

boite déja estampé, montrant la sensible réduc  box already stamped, showing the sensitive reduction

tion des mesures des crochets de reclouement,-  re-hooking measures, -

dans la forme du nouveau procédé de reclouement;  in the form of the new re-nailing process;

vue latérale d'un corps cylindrique de botte,-  side view of a cylindrical boot body, -

avec mesure de la hauteur destinée aux proce -  with height measurement intended for proce -

dés de reclouement conventionnels; mitse tt  Conventional reclouation dice; mitse tt

vue latérale d'un corps cylindrique de la bot-  side view of a cylindrical body of the bot-

te, avec la hauteur sensiblement réduite, des-  te, with the height significantly reduced, des-

tins au nouveau procede de microreclouement; -  aim at the new micro-retaining process; -

vue latérale d'un corps de la boite, dejà doté  side view of a body of the box, already equipped

de brides de reclouement et avec les mesures -  re-nailing flanges and with measurements -

normalement utilisées dans les procédés de re-  normally used in re-

clouement conventionnels; ttttesttttsttet vue latérale d'un corps de boite, dont les bri  conventional nailing; ttttesttttsttet side view of a box body, including the bri

des déjà pratiquées, se presentent avec leurs-  already practiced, present themselves with their-

mesures réduites, dans la forme du nouveau pro céde de microreclouement 1 tte*t??ttt 2 ttt  reduced measurements, in the form of the new microletting process 1 head * t ?? ttt 2 ttt

En décrivant plus en détails le nouveau procédé-  By describing the new process in more detail-

ds fabrication de bottes et conformément il a été montré -  ds boot making and according to it has been shown -

par les dessins ci-joints au present rapport descriptif, -  by the drawings attached to this descriptive report, -

ledit procédé a pour but proportionner aux boites fabri  said process aims to proportion to the boxes manufactured

quees en ta 8 l etamée, destinées aux plus diverses finali -  quees en ta 8 l etamée, intended for the most diverse finali -

tes d'utilisation, un microreclouement, avec une economie-  your use, a microeclouement, with an economy-

substantielle de matériel, moyennant l'emploi dans la con-  substantial material, through use in the con-

fection des boites d'une tale d'épaisseur mineure, c'est  fection of the boxes of a tale of minor thickness, it is

dirse de O 16 mm d'epaisseur et relativement plus dure, -  dirse of O 16 mm thick and relatively harder, -

avec trempe DR 8, en substitution a la tale employée conven tionnallement dans les procedés de reclouement connus, J am  with DR 8 quenching, as a substitute for the tale conventionally used in known re-nailing processes, J am

dans lesquels normalement on utilise une tile de 0,22 a -  in which normally a 0.22 a - tile is used

D,24 mm, relativement plus tendre, c'est-a-dire, avec tram  D, 24 mm, relatively softer, that is to say, with tram

pa T 4, sans réduire la valeur volumétrique des boites ain-  pa T 4, without reducing the volumetric value of the boxes thus

si obtenues ttsteeet* e*tsttttttstttteeteetet Ce nouvdau procédé de fabrication ds bottes, per  if obtained ttsteeet * e * tsttttttstttteeteetet This new process for making boots, for

met une avantageuse economie de matérial, qui est propor -  puts an advantageous saving of material, which is propor -

tionnee par le sensible réduction des diamètres des dis  due to the appreciable reduction in the diameters of the dis

ques qui forment le couvercle et le fond de la boltes con-  which form the lid and the bottom of the bowl

formément il est montre aux Figures 5 et 6, ainsi qu'une -  formally it is shown in Figures 5 and 6, as well as a -

reduction des mesures des crochets et d'autres plis de re-  reduction of measurements of hooks and other folds of re-

clouement, conformément il est montre dans les Figures 1 -  nailing, as shown in Figures 1 -

et 2, ainsi qu'aux Figures 9 et 10, en plus d'une reduction  and 2, as in Figures 9 and 10, in addition to a reduction

de la hauteur du corps cylindrique de la botte, conforme -  the height of the cylindrical body of the boot, compliant -

ment il est montré aux Figures 3 et 4 et aux Figures de i 11  ment it is shown in Figures 3 and 4 and Figures of i 11

a 14 des dessins ci-joints, ces reductions obtenues sans -  to 14 of the attached drawings, these reductions obtained without -

réduire la valeur volumetrique des bottes ainsi reclouees-  reduce the volumetric value of boots thus reclouées-

à travers le nouveau procedé de microreclouement etttttte Pour qu'on ait une parfaite evaluation des réels avantages économiques découlants de ce nouveau procédé, il  through the new micro-letting process and attttte So that we have a perfect evaluation of the real economic benefits resulting from this new process, it

faut observer qu'en plus de cette-substantielle économie -  it should be noted that in addition to this substantial economy -

de matériel, permise par l'emploi d'une tôle doublement ré  of material, permitted by the use of a sheet doubly re

duite, c'est-a-dire, la DR 8 et l'épaisseur O,16 mm, pour -  pick, that is to say, the DR 8 and the thickness O, 16 mm, for -

la confection des couvercles et des fonds de la botte, -  the making of the covers and bottoms of the boot, -

l'utilisation de ladite tôle de prix mineur ne devient pas possible pour les reclouements conventionnels, étant donne  the use of said minor price sheet does not become possible for conventional re-nailings, given

que la haute durete du matériel et sa petite épaisseur, -  than the high hardness of the material and its small thickness, -

les plis des crochets présenteraient des déformations tres grandes qui seraient transmises a une déformation générale  the folds of the hooks would have very large deformations which would be transmitted to a general deformation

de reclouement, ce qui sn plus de résulter en un mauvais -  re-lockout, which more than results in bad -

aspect visuel pour la boite, ladite boite serait technique ment condamnée en raison de ne pas proportionner une clotu  visual aspect for the box, said box would be technically condemned due to not proportioning a fencing

r parfaite et, par consequent, une fermeture hermetique -  r perfect and, therefore, a hermetic seal -

idéale, qui représentent les conditions fondamentales d'un bon reclouement et qualité de ces emballages t, sttttats ) t, R E U E N D I C A T I O N S,t ,, ,q,  ideal, which represent the fundamental conditions for good re-nailing and quality of these packaging t, sttttats) t, R E U E N D I C A T I O N S, t ,,, q,

PROCEDE DE FABRICATION DE BOITES DE FER BLANC par lequel -  PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TIN BOXES by which -

les boites de tôle étamée passent a avoir leur formation -  tinned tin boxes go on to have their training -

faite par microreclouement, caracterisé par le fait d'être employee dans la confection de la boite, une tale relative  made by microreclosure, characterized by being used in the making of the box, a relative size

ment plus mince et dure, avec l'épaisseur de O,16 mm, et -  thinner and harder, with the thickness of 0.16 mm, and -

trempe DR 8, au couvercle et au fond de la boîte, proportion  hardening DR 8, at the lid and at the bottom of the box, proportion

nant une sensible réduction des crochets et d'autres mesu-  noticeably reduced hooks and other measures

res des plis du reclouement, soit sur le couvercle soit au fond de la boite, ainsi que des crochets et des extremités du corps de la boite, sans altérer sa valeur volumétrique,  res of the folds of the reclouement, either on the cover or at the bottom of the box, as well as the hooks and the ends of the body of the box, without altering its volumetric value,

FR919108408A 1990-07-13 1991-07-04 PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TIN BOXES. Expired - Fee Related FR2664512B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR909003371A BR9003371A (en) 1990-07-13 1990-07-13 CANS MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2664512A1 true FR2664512A1 (en) 1992-01-17
FR2664512B1 FR2664512B1 (en) 1994-10-21

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JP (1) JPH04231126A (en)
BR (1) BR9003371A (en)
CH (1) CH685192A5 (en)
DE (1) DE4123170C2 (en)
FR (1) FR2664512B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2246551B (en)
IT (1) IT1251786B (en)
NL (1) NL9101220A (en)
PE (1) PE32491A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1044351C (en) * 1993-08-07 1999-07-28 A·H·克莱默 A metallic can seaming process

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FR1403163A (en) * 1964-06-09 1965-06-18 Metal Box Co Ltd Improvements to the stapling of the ends to the bodies of metal boxes
GB1220129A (en) * 1967-05-10 1971-01-20 Carnaud & Forges Improvements in or relating to cans
DE3106349A1 (en) * 1981-02-20 1982-09-09 Greif Bros. Corp., Delaware, Ohio Method and apparatus for the production of metal barrels
EP0199279A2 (en) * 1985-04-22 1986-10-29 Karl Huber Verpackungswerke GmbH + Co. Manufacturing process of a folded edge

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GB680225A (en) * 1949-09-15 1952-10-01 Cyril Walter Saunders Improvements in or relating to packing of perishable commodities
US3367533A (en) * 1964-12-11 1968-02-06 American Can Co Container seam and method of making same
GB1272825A (en) * 1969-07-17 1972-05-03 Metal Box Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to the seaming of can ends to can bodies
DE2900568C2 (en) * 1979-01-09 1985-12-19 Schmalbach-Lubeca AG, 3300 Braunschweig Can made of sheet metal, especially for increased internal pressure, such as for beer
JPS62144823A (en) * 1985-12-18 1987-06-29 Honma Seisakusho:Kk Curling method for metallic pan of the like
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1403163A (en) * 1964-06-09 1965-06-18 Metal Box Co Ltd Improvements to the stapling of the ends to the bodies of metal boxes
GB1220129A (en) * 1967-05-10 1971-01-20 Carnaud & Forges Improvements in or relating to cans
DE3106349A1 (en) * 1981-02-20 1982-09-09 Greif Bros. Corp., Delaware, Ohio Method and apparatus for the production of metal barrels
EP0199279A2 (en) * 1985-04-22 1986-10-29 Karl Huber Verpackungswerke GmbH + Co. Manufacturing process of a folded edge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2664512B1 (en) 1994-10-21
IT1251786B (en) 1995-05-26
BR9003371A (en) 1991-07-16
JPH04231126A (en) 1992-08-20
NL9101220A (en) 1992-02-03
PE32491A1 (en) 1991-12-07
GB9115195D0 (en) 1991-08-28
CH685192A5 (en) 1995-04-28
ITMI911939A1 (en) 1993-01-12
DE4123170A1 (en) 1992-02-06
GB2246551A (en) 1992-02-05
DE4123170C2 (en) 1997-05-15
GB2246551B (en) 1995-02-22
ITMI911939A0 (en) 1991-07-12

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