FR2656984A1 - Aclonifen-based herbicidal mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

Aclonifen-based herbicidal compositions. The invention relates to herbicidal compositions containing aclonifen and pendimethaline, as well as their use for removing weeds from peas, sunflower, potato and maize.

Description

Aclonifen herbicide mixtures
The invention relates to new herbicidal compositions resulting from the combination of aclonifen and another herbicide chosen from neburon, linuron, alachlor, cyanazine or pendimethalin. It also relates to the use as herbicide of these compositions and to a process for the destruction of weeds by means of these products.

 All kinds of herbicides are known to weed all kinds of crops. However, practice shows that, despite the multiplicity of herbicides available, it is often difficult to properly weed a particular crop. Among the crops causing problems and requiring specific solutions, we may mention the weeding of peas, sunflowers, potatoes, corn.

 An object of the present invention is to provide a satisfactory means for weeding crops of peas (pisum sativum), and more particularly of protein peas which are cultivated widely for animal feed.

 By satisfactory means of weeding is meant a means of weeding which ensures both good selectivity with respect to the crop and good efficiency with regard to weeds.

 Another object of the invention is to provide a satisfactory means for weeding the sunflower and the potato.

 Another object of the invention is to provide a satisfactory means for weeding the corn, in particular with weedkillers other than atrazine, the method according to the invention then having the advantage of leading to reducing the pollution of groundwater compared to to known methods using atrazine.

Another object of the invention is to provide a satisfactory means of controlling weeds of the Polygonum type, in particular aviculare and against the weeds Solanum nigrum and
Fallopia convolvulus.

 Another object of the invention is to provide a means of weeding peas and sunflowers or potatoes that is more effective than known methods.

 Compositions based on aclonifen have already been described in European patent application No. 342 134, but these compositions illustrated a particular means of obtaining stable emulsions, this means being a derivative of titanium, and this state of Technical did not provide any suggestion relating to the aims of the present invention and the means of achieving these aims.

 It has now been found that all or part of the abovementioned aims can be obtained thanks to the compositions or mixtures of herbicides according to the invention.

The mixtures according to the invention are characterized in that they contain A) of aclonifen and B) and at least one other herbicide chosen from neburon, linuron, alachlor, cyanazine, pendimethalin, it being understood that the particular compositions of examples 3, 6 and 7 of European application 342 134 are not claimed (as products) in the present invention
Aclonifen is 2-chloro 6-nitro 3phenoxyaniline.

 The neburon is N-methyl-N-n-butyl-Nl- (3,4-dichlorophenyl) -urea.

 Linuron is N-methyl-N-methoxy-Nl- (3,4-dichlorophenyl) -urea.

 The alachlor is 2-chloro 2 ', 6'-diethyl Nmethoxymethylacetanilide.

Cyanazine is 2- (4-chloro 6-ethylamino 1, 3, 5-triazin-2-ylamino) 2-methylpropionitrile
Pendimethalin is N- (n-pent-3'-yl) 2,6dinitro 3,4-dimethyl aniline
The weeding process according to the invention is characterized in that an effective amount of a weedkiller mixture or of a weedkiller composition comprising A) of aclonifen and B) of nebulon or of linuron or of alachlor is applied. or cyanazine or pendimethalin.

The weeding method according to the invention advantageously implements
- aclonifen at a rate of 1 to 3 kg / ha, preferably 1.4 to 2.6 kg / ha,
- the nebulon at a rate of 1 to 2.5 kg / ha, preferably 1.4 to 2.1 kg / ha,
- linuron at a rate of 0.2 to 0.8 kg / ha, preferably 0.25 to 0.6 kg / ha,
- Alachlor at a rate of I to 2.5 kg / ha, preferably 1.4 to 2.1 kg / ha.

 - cyanazine at a rate of 0.24 to 1 kg / ha, preferably from 0.48 to 0.6 kg / ha.

 - pendimethalin at a rate of 0.5 to 1.5 kg / ha.

The weight ratio of the active materials used both in the herbicide compositions and in the herbicide processes according to the invention are generally:
- for the aclonifen / nebulon ratio of between 1 and 1.25, preferably between 1.1 and 1.2,
- for the aclonifen / linuron ratio between 3 and 6, preferably between 4 and 5.2,
- for the aclonifen / alachlor ratio of between 0.9 and 1.25, preferably between 1 and 1.2.

 - for the aclonifen / cyanazine ratio between 1 and 5, preferably between 3.5 and 4.

 - for the aclonifen / pendimethalin ratio between 0.6 and 4.2.

Advantageously, the weeding process according to the invention is implemented:
* on protein pea cultures with a preemergence or postemergence application of herbicide until the appearance of the butt, the herbicide preferably being a composition based on aclonifen and nebulon or linuron or pendimethalin or cyanazine,
* on sunflower crops with a preemergence or postemergence herbicide application until the appearance of cotyledons, the herbicide preferably being a composition based on aclonifen and linuron or alachlor or cyanazine or pendimethalin,
* on potato crops with a preemergence application of herbicide, the herbicide preferably being a composition based on aclonifen and linuron or cyanazine,
* on corn crops with a preemergence herbicide application, the herbicide preferably being a composition based on aclonifen and alachlor or cyanazine or pendimethalin.

 The associations defined above are most often of binary type but it is also possible, without departing from the present invention, to associate therewith one or more compatible and preferably complementary pesticides.

 For the use of herbicidal mixtures according to the invention, it is advantageous to use ready-to-use products, most of the time in the form of compositions as will be described below, containing the two active materials. It is also possible (although not preferred) to use a packaging comprising an internal partition separating the two active materials in the form or not of composition. It is therefore in this case an extemporaneous mixture of active ingredients.

 The products according to the invention can therefore be used as herbicides. They are more particularly useful in pre-emergence for the destruction of annual weeds, mono or dicotyledons in particular in pea, sunflower or potato crops. These weeds (= weeds) are also destroyed using the compositions described below.

 The weedkillers according to the invention are prepared by simple mixing of the various active materials and of the constituents of the compositions described below.

 For their practical use, the active materials of the compositions according to the invention are rarely used alone. Most often, these herbicidal compositions contain the active materials according to the invention as described above in combination with solid or liquid carriers, acceptable in agriculture and surfactants also acceptable in agriculture. In particular, the usual inert supports and the usual surfactants can be used. These compositions are also part of the invention.

 These compositions can also contain all kinds of other ingredients such as, for example, protective colloids, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrating agents, stabilizers, sequestering agents, etc. other known active ingredients with pesticidal properties (in particular insecticides, fungicides or herbicides) or with properties regulating plant growth. More generally, the compounds used in the invention can be associated with all the solid or liquid additives corresponding to the usual techniques of formulation.

 The doses of use of the compounds used in the invention can vary within wide limits, in particular according to the nature of the weeds to be eliminated and the degree of infestation of the areas to be weeded.

 In general, the compositions according to the invention usually contain from 0.05 to 95% approximately of the active materials used according to the invention, from 1% to 95% approximately from one or more solid or liquid carriers and optionally from 0.1 to 50% (preferably 5 to 40%) of approximately one or more surfactants.

 By the term "support", in the present description, is meant an organic or mineral, natural or synthetic material, with which the active materials are associated to facilitate their application to the plant, to seeds or to the soil. This support is therefore generally inert and it must be acceptable in agriculture, in particular on the treated plant.

 As solid supports (or fillers), there may be mentioned mineral or synthetic fillers such as kaolin, attapulgite, montmorillonite, bentonite, talc, fuller's earth, diatomaceous earth, kieselguhr, calcium carbonates and magnesium, precipitated synthetic silica, alumina, alkali silicates and silicoaluminates, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers. It is also possible to use water-soluble fillers such as sodium or ammonium sulfates and urea.

 As liquid carriers, mention may be made of water, alcohols (in particular butanol), esters (in particular methyl glycol acetate), ketones (in particular cyclohexanone and isophorone), petroleum fractions, aromatic hydrocarbons (in particular xylenes or paraffinics), chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (in particular trichloroethane) or aromatic (in particular chlorobenzenes), water-soluble solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, Nmethyl-pyrrolidone.

 The surfactant can be an emulsifying, dispersing or wetting agent of ionic or nonionic type or a mixture of such surfactants.

 As non-ionic wetting agents, polyethoxylated alkylphenols (in particular octyl-, nonyl- and tributylphenols having from 6 to 18 oxyethylene units), polyethoxylated fatty alcohols (in particular Cio to C18 alcohols having from 6 to 18) oxyethylene units), polyethoxylated fatty amines (in particular tallow amine, or tall oil, having from 2 to 40 oxyethylene units), polyethoxylated fatty acid esters of polyols (of glycerin type or sugars) (in particular laurates and sorbitan stearate having 5 to 20 oxyethylene units).

 As anionic wetting agents, mention may be made of alkylnaphthalene sulfonate ester salts (especially sodium or potassium isopropyl-, butyl- and dibutylnaphthalene sulfonate, fatty alcohol salt-ester sulfates (especially sodium or potassium lauryl sulfates) , the salt-esters sulfosuccinates of fatty alcohols (especially sodium or potassium dioctyl sulfosuccinates), taurine derivatives (especially alyltaurates, aryl-Nmethyltaurides, sodium oleylmethyltauride).

 As nonionic dispersing agents, mention may be made of polyethoxylated arylphenols (in particular di- and tri- (phenylethyl) phenols comprising 18 to 40 oxyethylene units).

 As anionic dispersing agents, mention may be made of salified polycarboxylic polymers (such as polycarboxylate polymers and sodium polyacrylates), polycondensates of formaldehyde and diphenolsulfonates or of alkylnaphthalene sulfonates (in particular of sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate), salt esters or acids phosphorics of polyoxyethylenated alkyl- or aryl-phenols (in particular phosphoric esters of nonylphenols having 6 to 18 oxyethylene units in acid or potassium salt form as well as phosphoric esters of di- or tri (phenylethyl) phenol having 18 to 40 oxyethylene units in acid or salt form), phosphated polyoxyethylenated fatty alcohols (in particular fatty alcohols C1 to C19 having 6 to 18 oxyethylene units), alkali or alkaline earth lignosulfonates.

 The compositions according to the invention, especially when it is self-dispersible granules, can also contain from 1 to 50% by weight of natural or synthetic binder.

 As natural binder, mention may be made of starch and its derivatives (in particular modified starch and dextrin), cellulose derivatives (in particular carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose), sugars (such as lactose, mannitol, sorbitol), gums (such as gum arabic and xanthan gums).

 As synthetic binder, mention may be made of polymers (in particular polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alkaline polyacrylates), polycondensates (especially polyethers such as polyglycols; maleic anhydride copolycondensates; polycondensates of formalin and alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, such as polycondensate of formalin and sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate), alkaline lignosulfonates.

 The presence of at least one surfactant in the compositions according to the invention is generally essential because, on the one hand, the active materials and / or the inert support are not soluble in water and, on the other hand, the vector agent of the application is water.

 For their application, the compositions according to the invention are in fairly diverse forms, solid or liquid; these are relatively dilute forms, while the compositions suitable for transport, trade and storage are rather concentrated compositions.

 As forms of solid compositions, mention may be made of wettable powders and powders for dusting (with an active ingredient content of up to 100%) and granules (preferably self-dispersible), in particular those obtained by extrusion, by compacting, by impregnation of a granulated support, by granulation from a powder (the content of active materials of formula (I) and of group (II) in these granules being between 0.5 and 80% for the latter cases).

 It is nevertheless preferred to use in the invention compositions in liquid form. Mention may be made of emulsifiable concentrates, concentrated suspensions and concentrated emulsions.

 The concentrated suspensions, which are applicable in spraying, are prepared so as to obtain a stable fluid product which does not deposit (fine grinding) and they usually contain from 10 to 75% of active materials, from 0.5 to 10% of surfactants, 0.1-10% thixotropic agents, 0-10% suitable additives, such as defoamers, corrosion inhibitors, stabilizers, penetrating agents and adhesives and, as a carrier , water or an organic liquid in which the active ingredients are poorly soluble or insoluble certain organic solid matters or mineral salts can be dissolved in the support to help prevent sedimentation or as antifreezes for water.

As an example, here is a concentrated suspension composition (Example 1): - active ingredients 500 g - polyethoxylated tristyrylphenol phosphate 50 g - polyethoxylated alkylphenol 50 g - sodium polycarboxylate 20 g - ethylene glycol (antifreeze) 50 g - oil organopolysiloxane (antifoam) 1 g - polysaccharide (thickener) 1.5 g - water 316.5 g
The emulsifiable or soluble concentrates most often comprise 10 to 80% of active material, the emulsions or solutions ready for application containing, for their part, 0.001 to 20% of active material.

 In addition to the solvent, emulsifiable concentrates can contain, when necessary, 2 to 20% of suitable additives such as stabilizers, surfactants, penetrating agents, corrosion inhibitors, dyes or adhesives previously cited.

 From these concentrates, emulsions with any desired concentration can be obtained by dilution with water, which are particularly suitable for application to crops.

As an example, here is the composition of some emulsifiable concentrates
Example (formulation) 2: - active ingredients 400 g / l - alkali dodecylbenzene sulfonate 24 g / l - oxyethylated nonylphenol with 10 molecules
ethylene oxide 16 g / l - cyclohexanone 200 g / l - aromatic solvent qs 1 liter
According to another formula of emulsifiable concentrate, Fxempîe F 3 is used - active ingredients 250 g - epoxidized vegetable oil 25 g - mixture of alkylaryl sulfonate and
polyglycol ether and fatty alcohols 100 g - dimethylformamide 50 g - xylene 575 g
Concentrated emulsions are compositions in the form of stable liquid emulsions, the active ingredient being in liquid form by itself or in form dissolved in a solvent. These emulsions are essentially aqueous and, in addition to water, usually contain 20 to 80 % of active material, 0 to 35% of solvent (this solvent being simply useful for dissolving the active material if it is solid, and being generally used in the minimum quantity to achieve this goal), 1 to 15% (preferably 2 to 10%) of a water-soluble surfactant, optionally 1 to 12% (preferably 2 to 6%) of a hydrophobic or liposoluble surfactant, and optionally still various other adjuvants such as for example I to 10% of stabilizing agent of the emulsion, 0 to 5% of mineral or organic thickening agent and 0 to 10% of various agents such as antifoams, biocides, antifreezes, etc., The preparation of these emulsions is carried out by adding t from the oily phase (that is to say organic liquid) to the aqueous phase with stirring, followed by homogenization for example using a colloid mill.

 As regards the compositions suitable for storage and transport, they more advantageously contain from 0.5 to 95% (by weight) of active substance.

 Thus, the compositions for agricultural use according to the invention can contain the active materials according to the invention within very wide limits, ranging from 0.05 to 95% (by weight). Their content of surfactant is advantageously between 5% and 40% by weight.

 The subject of the invention is also a process for destroying weeds, in particular in pea or sunflower crops by applying an effective amount of product or composition as defined above, characterized in that the application is carried out either in pre-emergence (or post-emergence), or in post-emergence (or post-emergence) until the so-called stage of the appearance of the butt.

 The subject of the invention is also a method of destroying weeds, in particular in potato or corn crops by applying an effective amount of product or composition as defined above, characterized in that the application is made in pre-emergence (or pre-emergence).

 The following example, given without limitation, illustrates the invention and shows how it can be implemented.

 The tests are carried out on elementary plots of 30 m2 each invaded naturally by a mixed grass + dicotyledonous flora.

 Each treatment is repeated on two different plots, each adjacent to an untreated control plot.

 The application is made pre-emergence after sowing at the rate of 300 l / ha of spray.

 A survey is carried out 8 weeks after emergence, the percentage of effectiveness is measured (100% = 100% of herbs destroyed).

The mixture is prepared, diluted with water and intended to be applied to plants, from the commercial concentrates of each of the constituents. In the results presentation table, the following abbreviations have been used
Weeds Abbreviations
AMARANTHUS SP AMA
ATRIPLEX PATULA ATP
BRASSICA NAPUS BRA
CHENOPODIUM SP CHS
DIGITARIA 5W DIG
FALLOPIA CONVOLVULUS FAL
GALIUM APARINE GAP
MATRICARIA SP MAT MERCURIALIS ANNUA MEA
POLYGONUM AVICULARE POA
POLYGONUM PERSICARIA POP
SETARIA SP SET
SINAPIS ARVENSIS SIA
SOLANUM NIGRUM SOUND
STELLARIA MEDIA STE
VERONICA PERSICA VER
Cultures
SUNFLOWER TOU
PROTEIN PEAS POI
PDT POTATOES
BUT BUT
The following results, expressed as a percentage of destruction, were obtained by applying the aclonifen + neburon mixture at the dose such that the aclonifen is applied at the rate of 2.1 kg / ha and the nebulon at the rate of 1.8 kg / Ha.

ATP 100
CHS \ 100
GAP 95
MAT 99
MEA 97
POA 87
FAL 92
POP 99
SIA 100
SOUND 95
VEP 78
VIO 9D POI 0
The following results, expressed as a percentage of destruction, were obtained by applying the aclonifen + cyanazine mixture at the dose such that the aclonifen is applied at the rate of 1.89 kg / ha and the cyanazine at the rate of 0.54 kg / Ha.

Weeds Pre-Harvested
SOUND 100
Cultures
TOU 0
The following results, expressed as a percentage of destruction, were obtained by applying the aclonifen + pendimethalin mixture at the dose such that the aclonifen is applied at the rate of 2.1 kg / ha and the pendimethalin at the rate of 0.5 kg / Ha.

Weeds Pre-Harvested
FAL 95
POA 100
MAT 100
SIA 100
POI cultures 0
TOU 0
The following results, expressed as a percentage of destruction, were obtained by applying the mixture aclonifen + pendimethalin at the dose such that the aclonifen is applied at the rate of 2.1 kg / ha and the pendimethalin at the rate of 1 kg / ha.

Weeds Pre-Harvested
AMA 100
POA 100
CHS 98
MEA 95
POI cultures 0
TOU 0
The following results, expressed as a percentage of destruction, were obtained by applying the mixture aclonifen + linuron at the dose such that the aclonifen is applied at the rate of 2.1 kg / ha and the linuron at the rate of 1 lSg / ha.

Weeds Pre-Harvested
CHS 100
POA 95
POP 95
SIA 100
SOUND 90
STE 100
Cultures
PDT 5
The following results, expressed as a percentage of destruction, were obtained by applying the aclonifen + linuron mixture at the dose such that the aclonifen is applied at the rate of 2.1 kg / ha and the linuron at the rate of 0.5 kg / Ha.

Weeds
GAP 100
VER 100
BRA 100
POP 99
Cultures
POI 8
For the cultivation of protein peas, this selectivity is considered to be satisfactory.

 The following results, expressed as percentage of destruction, were obtained by applying the aclonifen + alachlor mixture at the dose such that the aclonifen is applied at the rate of 2.1 kg / ha and the alachlor at the rate of 1.8 kg. /Ha.

Weeds Pre-Harvested
AMA 100
CHS 98
MEA 95
Cultures
TOU 0
The following results, expressed as percentage of destruction, were obtained by applying the aclonifen + alachlor mixture at the dose such that the aclonifen is applied at the rate of 1 kg / ha and the alachlor at the rate of 1.8 kg / ha .

Weeds Pre-Harvested
AMA 90
CHS 72
POP 90
DIG 84
SET 95
Cultures
BUT 5
These corn weeding results correspond to satisfactory performance and equivalent to that of mixtures of the atrazinealachlor type, but the mixtures of the invention do not have the drawbacks due to atrazine with respect to the groundwater. Mixtures based on aclonifen and pendimethalin lead to equally equivalent herbicidal performances, and with a situation vis-à-vis the groundwater also favorable.

Claims (11)

 1) Herbicidal compositions characterized in that they comprise A) of aclonifen and B) of pendimethalin.  2) A composition according to claim 1 characterized in that the weight ratio aclonifen / pendimethalin is between 0.6 and 4.2.  3) Concentrated compositions according to one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that they contain from 0.05 to 95% of active materials, preferably from 10 to 50%.  4) Compositions according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that they also contain a support and at least one surfactant acceptable in agriculture.  5) A method for controlling weeds characterized in that an effective amount of a composition is applied comprising A) of aclonifen and B) of pendimethalin.  6) Method according to claim 5 characterized in that one applies compositions comprising A) aclonifen and B) pendimethalin, in which the aclonifen / pendimethalin weight ratio is between 0.6 and 4.2.  7) Method according to one of claims 5 or 6 characterized in that weeds a crop of protein peas with an application of herbicide preemergence, or postemergence until the appearance of the butt.  8) Method according to one of claims 5 or 6 characterized in that weeds a sunflower crop with an application of herbicide preemergence, or postemergence until the appearance of cotyledons.  9) Method according to one of claims 5 or 6 characterized in that weeds a potato crop with an application of herbicide preemergence.  10) Method according to one of claims 5 or 6 characterized in that weeds a corn crop with an application of herbicide preemergence.  11) Method according to one of claims 5 to 10 characterized in that one applies  - aclonifen at a rate of 1 to 3 kg / ha, preferably 1.4 to 2.6 kg / ha,  - pendimethalin at a rate of 0.5 to 1.5 kg / ha.