FR2645903A1

FR2645903A1 - Springless timing device intended for an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: FR2645903A1
Application number: FR8905376A
Authority: FR
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-04-17
Filing date: 1989-04-17
Publication date: 1990-10-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a device making it possible to make a four-stroke internal combustion engine operate without valve springs and with a distinct improvement in efficiency. It consists of grooved cams 1 which integrally actuate a lever 4 receiving dismantleable claws 3 thus lifting the valves 6 in a conventional way and closing them without the aid of springs. When, after opening the valve 6, the grooved cam 1 continues to rotate, the claws 3 fixed to the lever 4 lift this lever and thus place the valve 6 back in the closed position. The device according to the invention is particularly intended to provide timing for modern vehicles with high efficiency.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE DISTRIBUTION SANS RESSORT
DESTINE A UN MOTEUR A EXPLOSION
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de distribution permettant dtassurer l'ouverture et la fermeture des soupapes sur un moteur à explosion " 4 temps " en en supprimant les ressorts0
La fermeture des soupapes étant sur les moteurs automobiles actuels confiée exclusivement à des ressorts très puissants (ordinairement 2 par soupape), il en résulte plusieurs inconvénients importants
a) Les ressorts sont souris à de constants déformations, ils demandent donc à être faits d'acier d'excellente qualité sous peine de rupture, laquelle entraine alors de très graves avaries au bloc pistons-cylindres-culasse.SPRINGLESS DISTRIBUTION DEVICE
FOR AN EXPLOSION ENGINE
The present invention relates to a distribution device making it possible to ensure the opening and closing of the valves on a "4-stroke" internal combustion engine by eliminating the springs thereof.
The closing of the valves being on current automobile engines entrusted exclusively to very powerful springs (usually 2 per valve), this results in several important drawbacks
a) The springs are mice at constant deformations, they therefore need to be made of excellent quality steel under penalty of rupture, which then causes very serious damage to the piston-cylinder-head assembly.

b) les ressorts sent aussi suJets aux phénomènes vibratoi- res à certains régimes moteur, dits régimes critiques, d'où perte de compression donc de puissance et qui plus est "risoue de casse". Pour tenter de remédier -3 cet inconv4nient, cn utilise des "dampers", accessoire en tole exerçant un frottement sur le ressort. b) the springs are also subject to vibration phenomena at certain engine speeds, called critical speeds, hence loss of compression and therefore of power and which is more "risk of breakage". In an attempt to remedy this drawback, cn uses "dampers", a sheet metal accessory exerting friction on the spring.

c) Les ressorts par leur force entrainent une importante inertie moteur d'où perte considérable de puissance et par conséquent augmentation de carburant. c) The springs by their force cause significant engine inertia resulting in a considerable loss of power and consequently an increase in fuel.

Deux dispositifs cités ci-après ont au préalable été essayés mais ils ne permirent ni l'un, ni l'autre de se passer totalement de ressorts de soupapes. Two devices mentioned below have been tried beforehand but they neither allowed either of them to do without valve springs completely.

a) Les soupapes automatiques :
Ce système ne pouvant s'appliquer qu'aux soupapes d'admi- ssion car c'est à la dépression créée par le piston descendant lors du ler temps moteur qu'était confiée l'ouverture de la soupape. La soupape d'échappement effectuant quant à elle son travail durant le 4e temps moteur donc, piston ascendant, ne pouvait se passer d'un système classique. D'autre part, la forte inertie des soupapes actuelles rend ce principe d'automatisme impossible.a) Automatic valves:
This system can only be applied to inlet valves because it is to the vacuum created by the downward piston during the 1st engine time that the opening of the valve was entrusted. The exhaust valve doing its work during the 4th engine time therefore, ascending piston, could not do without a conventional system. On the other hand, the high inertia of current valves makes this principle of automation impossible.

b) La distribution desmodromique :
Faisant appel à un système de basculeur guidé par l'angle de came, le dit basculeur est obligatoirement affublé d'un important jeu, ceci étant la seule possibilité de laisser tourner l'arbre à cames, selon le dit système : il en résulte ltobligation de conserver des ressorts plus faibles que d'or- dinaire sans pouvoir toutefois s'en dispenser.b) The desmodromic distribution:
Using a rocker system guided by the cam angle, the said rocker is necessarily decked out with a large clearance, this being the only possibility of letting the camshaft rotate, according to the said system: this results in the obligation keep springs weaker than ordinary without being able to dispense with them.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet en effet de part le système de cames rainurées (1) et de leviers (4) à griffes démontables (3) la fermeture de la soupape, et donc de supprimer les ressorts de soupapes et les inconvénients précités qui en résultent. The device according to the invention in fact allows the system of grooved cams (1) and levers (4) with removable claws (3) to close the valve, and therefore to eliminate the valve springs and the aforementioned drawbacks which result.

Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation :
- la came rainurée (1) se présentera comme une came ordinaire dans laquelle de part et d'autre des côtés aura été pratiquée une rainure (2) parallèle à l'angle de came (1).According to particular embodiments:
- The grooved cam (1) will appear as an ordinary cam in which on either side of the sides will have been formed a groove (2) parallel to the cam angle (1).

- le levier (4) à griffes démontables (3) recevra quant à lui d'une part un système de deux supports (5) à griffes vissés de chaque côté venant stinserrer dans les rainures (2) de came (1), d'autre part la partie percée du levier (4) à son extémité opposée à l'axe d'articulation (15) sera ovale afin de laisser le débattement nécessaire à la queue de soupape (16) et à ses réglages qu'il intégrera. - The lever (4) with removable claws (3) will receive on the one hand a system of two supports (5) with claws screwed on each side coming to fit in the grooves (2) of cam (1), on the other hand, the pierced part of the lever (4) at its end opposite the articulation axis (15) will be oval in order to leave the clearance necessary for the valve stem (16) and its adjustments which it will integrate.

- le levier (4) comportera des portées arrondies (13) per e ttant la -iliaticn ces réglages are tous les ongles de fonctionnement de la soupape (6) maintenus verticalement par son guide (17) et sera traversé dans sa partie percée ovale (14) à son extrémité oppodée à l'axe d'articulation (15) par la partie filetée de la caque de soupape (16) sur laquelle prendront place de bas en haut un contre-écrou (12) qui bloquera ltécrou (11) sur lequel s'appuiera la portée arrondie (13) inférieure du levier (4) pour les réglages de levée. Viendront ensuite prendre place sur la portée arrondie (13) supérieure du levier (4) une rondelle (10) sur laquelle s'appuiera un petit ressort amortisseur (9) contraint par un écrou (8) bloqué par un contre-écrou(7). - the lever (4) will have rounded surfaces (13) per e ting the -iliaticn these settings are all the operating nails of the valve (6) held vertically by its guide (17) and will be crossed in its oval pierced part ( 14) at its end oppoded to the hinge pin (15) by the threaded part of the valve shell (16) on which will take place from bottom to top a lock nut (12) which will lock the nut (11) on which will be supported by the rounded rounded surface (13) of the lever (4) for the lifting adjustments. Then take place on the rounded surface (13) of the upper lever (4) a washer (10) on which a small damping spring (9) will rest, constrained by a nut (8) blocked by a lock nut (7). .

- la figure 7 représente en coupe le dispositif selon l'invention. - Figure 7 shows in section the device according to the invention.

- la figure 2 représente la came rainurée (t) de profil. - Figure 2 shows the grooved cam (t) in profile.

- les figures 3 et 5 représentent le levier (4) à griffes démontables (3). - Figures 3 and 5 show the lever (4) with removable claws (3).

- la figure 4 représente les dispositifs de réglage sur la queue de soupape (16). - Figure 4 shows the adjustment devices on the valve stem (16).

Le dispositif selon l'invention est particulièrement destiné à assurer la distribution sur des véhicules modernes à haut rendement. The device according to the invention is particularly intended for ensuring distribution on modern high-efficiency vehicles.

Claims

1) Device intended to open and close the valves (6) characterized in that it comprises cams (1) having grooves (2) in which are introduced removable claws (3) fixed to the lever (4) by a screwed support (5) so that after opening the cam rotation (1) using removable claws (3) taken in the grooves (2) allows the valve (6) to be closed.

2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the valve (6) is provided at its upper end above the lever (4), from top to bottom: a lock nut (7) intended to block the nut (8) for adjusting the closure, under the adjusting nut (G) there is a shock absorber (9) which is supported on a washer (1n) made of steel which rests on the rounded surfaces of the lever (13). Below the lever (4) screwed onto the valve stem (16): a nut (il) and a lock nut (12) intended for lever support adjustments.

3) Device according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterized in that the lever (4) comprises in its part opposite the hinge pin (15) an oval breakthrough (14) intended to leave sufficient play to the oscillation of the valve stem (16) and of the rounded surfaces (13) allowing the adjustments to be made in all the operating angles of the valve (6) held vertically by its guide (17).