EP0167886A1 - Starting process for an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Starting process for an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0167886A1
EP0167886A1 EP85107506A EP85107506A EP0167886A1 EP 0167886 A1 EP0167886 A1 EP 0167886A1 EP 85107506 A EP85107506 A EP 85107506A EP 85107506 A EP85107506 A EP 85107506A EP 0167886 A1 EP0167886 A1 EP 0167886A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
starting
opening
advance
valve
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP85107506A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dieter Grabbe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Energy Solutions France SAS
Original Assignee
Societe dEtudes de Machines Thermiques SEMT SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Societe dEtudes de Machines Thermiques SEMT SA filed Critical Societe dEtudes de Machines Thermiques SEMT SA
Publication of EP0167886A1 publication Critical patent/EP0167886A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N9/00—Starting of engines by supplying auxiliary pressure fluid to their working chambers
    • F02N9/04—Starting of engines by supplying auxiliary pressure fluid to their working chambers the pressure fluid being generated otherwise, e.g. by compressing air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/04—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for starting by means of fluid pressure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Means For Warming Up And Starting Carburetors (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de démarrage d'un moteur à combustion interne dont au moins un cylindre set muni d'une soupape de démarrage reliée à une source de fluide sous pression introduit dans le ou les cylindres lorsque les pistons se trouvent dans la phase du cycle correspondant à la combustion, caractérisé en ce que l'on diminue temporairement l'avance à l'ouverture de la ou des soupapes d'échappement de chaque cylindre équipé d'une soupage de démarrage, pour améliorer l'utilisation de l'énergie contenue dans le fluide de démarrage.Method of starting an internal combustion engine including at least one set cylinder provided with a starting valve connected to a source of pressurized fluid introduced into the cylinder or cylinders when the pistons are in the phase of the cycle corresponding to the combustion, characterized in that the advance on opening of the exhaust valve (s) of each cylinder equipped with a starting valve is temporarily reduced, to improve the use of the energy contained in the fluid starting.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de démarrage d'un moteur à combustion interne.The present invention relates to a method for starting an internal combustion engine.

Le démarrage des moteurs à combustion interne de forte puissance, notamment des moteurs Diesel, est obtenu par l'introduction d'air comprimé dans les cylindres pendant la course descendante des pistons correspondant à la phase de combustion du cycle. Cet air comprimé repousse les pistons tour à tour et provoque la rotation de l'arbre-manivelles et par suite la compression de l'air admis dans les autres cylindres.The starting of high-power internal combustion engines, in particular diesel engines, is obtained by the introduction of compressed air into the cylinders during the downward stroke of the pistons corresponding to the combustion phase of the cycle. This compressed air repels the pistons in turn and causes the rotation of the crankshaft and consequently the compression of the air admitted into the other cylinders.

D'une manière connue, l'air de démarrage, dont la pression est d'environ 30 bars, est introduit dans les cylindres au moyen de soupapes spéciales, appelées soupapes de démarrage, dont la commande est asservie à la position angulaire des arbres à cames.In known manner, the starting air, the pressure of which is about 30 bars, is introduced into the cylinders by means of special valves, called starting valves, the control of which is controlled by the angular position of the shafts at cams.

En fonctionnement normal, les soupapes d'échappement s'ouvrent quelques degrés (environ 30°) avant que le piston n'atteigne son point mort bas. Mais cette avance à l'ouverture des soupapes d'échappement présente un inconvénient lors du démarrage à l'air des moteurs car une partie de l'énergie contenue dans l'air comprimé est alors perdue. La présente invention a pour but de retarder l'ouverture des soupapes d'échappement de manière à exploiter au mieux l'énergie contenue dans l'air comprimé.In normal operation, the exhaust valves open a few degrees (approximately 30 °) before the piston reaches its bottom dead center. However, this advance to the opening of the exhaust valves has a drawback when starting the engines with air since part of the energy contained in the compressed air is then lost. The object of the present invention is to delay the opening of the exhaust valves so as to make the best use of the energy contained in the compressed air.

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de démarrage d'un moteur à combustion interne, notamment d'un moteur Diesel, possédant une avance à l'ouverture des soupapes d'échappement en fin de course de détente des gaz, et dont au moins un cylindre est muni d'une soupape de démarrage reliée à une source de fluide sous pression et pilotée par un circuit de commande de façon à introduire le fluide de démarrage dans les cylindres concernés lorsque les pistons se trouvent dans la phase du cycle correspondant à la combustion, caractérisé en ce que l'on diminue temporairement l'avance à l'ouverture de la ou des soupapes d'échappement de chaque cylindre équipé d'une soupape de démarrage pour améliorer l'utilisation de l'énergie contenue dans le fluide de démarrage.The subject of the present invention is a method for starting an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, having an advance at the opening of the exhaust valves at the end of the gas expansion stroke, and of which at least a cylinder is provided with a starting valve connected to a source of pressurized fluid and controlled by a control circuit so as to introduce the starting fluid into the cylinders concerned when the pistons are in the phase of the cycle corresponding to the combustion, characterized in that the advance at opening of the exhaust valve or valves of each cylinder equipped with a start-up valve is temporarily reduced to improve the use of the energy contained in the start-up.

De préférence, on asservit la présence de cette diminution de l'avance à l'ouverture à la durée de la séquence de démarrage et on diminue l'avance à l'ouverture des soupapes d'échappement d'au moins 1/3 de l'angle de rotation de l'arbre-manivelles correspondant à cette avance.Preferably, the presence of this decrease in the opening advance to the duration of the starting sequence and the opening opening of the exhaust valves is reduced by at least 1/3 of the angle of rotation of the corresponding crankshaft to this advance.

La présente invention a également pour objet un moteur faisant application du procédé selon l'invention.The present invention also relates to a motor applying the method according to the invention.

Il est décrit ci-après, à titre d'exemple et en référence aux dessins annexés, un procédé de démarrage selon l'invention.A starting method according to the invention is described below, by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

La figure 1 représente un diagramme d'ouverture d'une soupape d'échappement en fonctionnement normal.Figure 1 shows an opening diagram of an exhaust valve in normal operation.

La figure 2 représente un diagramme d'ouverture d'une soupape d'échappement au cours du démarrage.Figure 2 shows a diagram of the opening of an exhaust valve during start-up.

Dans la figure 1, la courbe 1 représente l'ouverture d'une soupape d'échappement en fonctionnement normal, et il est porté en abscisse, un angle représentant l'angle de rotation de l'arbre-manivelles et en ordonnée, une hauteur H représentant la levée de la soupape par rapport à son siège.In FIG. 1, curve 1 represents the opening of an exhaust valve in normal operation, and it is plotted on the abscissa, an angle representing the angle of rotation of the crankshaft and on the ordinate, a height H representing the valve lift relative to its seat.

Le point AOE représente l'instant de l'ouverture de la soupape d'échappement, le point PMB représente le point mort bas et le point PMH représente le point mort haut. La distance du point AOE au point PMB représente, en degrés d'angle, l'avance à l'ouverture de cette soupape d'échappement. Le point RFE représente l'instant de fermeture de la soupape et la hauteur h représente la hauteur maximum de levée de la soupape.The point AOE represents the instant of opening of the exhaust valve, the point PMB represents the bottom dead center and the point TDC represents the top dead center. The distance from point AOE to point PMB represents, in degrees of angle, the advance to the opening of this exhaust valve. The point RFE represents the instant of closure of the valve and the height h represents the maximum lift height of the valve.

Dans la figure 2, la courbe 2 représente l'ouverture d'une soupape d'échappement d'un cylindre muni d'une soupape de démarrage pendant la phase de démarrage, et les coordonnées ainsi que les points caractéristiques sont, bien entendu, identiques à ceux de la figure 1.In FIG. 2, curve 2 represents the opening of an exhaust valve of a cylinder provided with a starting valve during the starting phase, and the coordinates as well as the characteristic points are, of course, identical to those in Figure 1.

La différence essentielle de la courbe 2 par rapport à la courbe 1, réside dans la portion 21 où l'on retarde l'ouverture de la soupape d'échappement. La portion 22 représente le retour de la soupape à son état normal de fonctionnement selon la courbe 1 de la figure 1. La partie de la courbe 2, située au-delà de la portion 22, reste analogue à celle de la courbe 1. Il est à noter toutefois que, suivant le dispositif adopté pour retarder l'ouverture, il peut apparaître une légère variation dans la hauteur maximum de levée h de la soupape et/ou l'instant de fermeture RFE entre la courbe 1 et 2. Ceci n'est pas préjudiciable au bon fonctionnement du moteur notamment lors du démarrage.The essential difference of curve 2 compared to curve 1 lies in the portion 21 where the opening of the exhaust valve is delayed. The portion 22 represents the return of the valve to its normal operating state according to the curve 1 of FIG. 1. The part of the curve 2, located beyond the portion 22, remains similar to that of the curve 1. It it should be noted however that, depending on the device adopted to delay opening, there may appear a slight varia tion in the maximum lift height h of the valve and / or the RFE closing instant between curve 1 and 2. This is not detrimental to the proper functioning of the engine, in particular during starting.

Le retour de la soupape à son état normal de fonctionnement suivant la courbe 1 est asservi à la durée de la séquence de démarrage.The return of the valve to its normal operating state according to curve 1 is subject to the duration of the start sequence.

La portion 21 de la courbe 2 représente au moins 1/3 de l'angle de rotation de l'arbre-manivelles correspondant à cette avance.The portion 21 of the curve 2 represents at least 1/3 of the angle of rotation of the crankshaft corresponding to this advance.

Ce retard à l'ouverture de la soupape d'échappement peut être obtenu par des moyens connus tels que, par exemple, un excentrique monté sur l'axe de rotation d'un culbuteur, permettant ainsi l'introduction d'un jeu supplémentaire dans la chaine cinématique de commande des soupapes, ou un dispositif déplaçant une pièce intermédiaire entre un poussoir et la came correspondante permettant de retarder l'action de la came sur le poussoir.This delay in opening the exhaust valve can be obtained by known means such as, for example, an eccentric mounted on the axis of rotation of a rocker arm, thus allowing the introduction of additional play in the kinematic chain for controlling the valves, or a device moving an intermediate piece between a pusher and the corresponding cam, making it possible to delay the action of the cam on the pusher.

Ce procédé permet un démarrage aisé de tous les moteurs, quel que soit leur nombre de cylindres en particulier de certains moteurs devenus transparents par suite du calage particulier de leurs cames d'admission et d'échappement et de leur nombre de cylindres, tels que par exemple, des moteurs à cinq cylindres en ligne ou à dix cylindres en vé avec démarrage sur une seule ligne de cylindres.This process allows easy starting of all engines, regardless of their number of cylinders, in particular of certain engines that have become transparent as a result of the particular timing of their intake and exhaust cams and their number of cylinders, such as by for example, five-cylinder in-line or ten-cylinder vee engines with starting on a single line of cylinders.

Claims (4)

1/ Procédé de démarrage d'un moteur à combustion interne, notamment d'un moteur Diesel, possédant une avance à l'ouverture des soupapes d'échappement en fin de course de détente des gaz, et dont au moins un cylindre est muni d'une soupape de démarrage reliée à une source de fluide sous pression et pilotée par un circuit de commande de façon à introduire le fluide de démarrage dans les cylindres concernés lorsque les pistons se trouvent dans la phase du cycle correspondant à la combustion, caractérisé en ce que l'on diminue temporairement l'avance à l'ouverture de la ou des soupapes d'échappement de chaque cylindre équipé d'une soupape de démarrage, pour améliorer l'utilisation de l'énergie contenue dans le fluide de démarrage.1 / Method for starting an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, having an advance at the opening of the exhaust valves at the end of the gas expansion stroke, and of which at least one cylinder is provided with '' a start-up valve connected to a source of pressurized fluid and controlled by a control circuit so as to introduce the start-up fluid into the cylinders concerned when the pistons are in the phase of the cycle corresponding to combustion, characterized in that that temporarily decrease the advance to the opening of the exhaust valve or valves of each cylinder equipped with a starting valve, to improve the use of the energy contained in the starting fluid. 2/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on asservit la présence de cette diminution de l'avance à l'ouverture à la durée de la séquence de démarrage.2 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that one controls the presence of this reduction in the opening advance to the duration of the start sequence. 3/ Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on diminue l'avance à l'ouverture des soupapes d'échappement d'au moins 1/3 de l'angle de rotation de l'arbre-manivelles correspondant à cette avance.3 / Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the advance to the opening of the exhaust valves is reduced by at least 1/3 of the angle of rotation of l 'shaft-cranks corresponding to this advance. 4/ Moteur à combustion interne faisant application du procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 3.4 / Internal combustion engine applying the method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3.
EP85107506A 1984-06-19 1985-06-18 Starting process for an internal-combustion engine Ceased EP0167886A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8409583 1984-06-19
FR8409583A FR2566050B1 (en) 1984-06-19 1984-06-19 METHOD FOR STARTING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Publications (1)

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EP0167886A1 true EP0167886A1 (en) 1986-01-15

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EP85107506A Ceased EP0167886A1 (en) 1984-06-19 1985-06-18 Starting process for an internal-combustion engine

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US4635595A (en)
EP (1) EP0167886A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6111456A (en)
DK (1) DK274585A (en)
FI (1) FI852410L (en)
FR (1) FR2566050B1 (en)
NO (1) NO852420L (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993024741A1 (en) * 1992-06-01 1993-12-09 Caterpillar Inc. A method and apparatus for starting an engine utilizing unit valve actuation
EP1048844A1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-02 Wärtsilä NSD Schweiz AG Method and device for starting, braking and reversing of a two-stroke diesel engine

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6125808A (en) * 1999-04-07 2000-10-03 Timewell; Richard R. Apparatus and method for starting an internal combustion engine
DE10260748A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-07-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating an internal combustion engine
EP1653078A1 (en) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-03 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Diesel machine, in particular a big diesel engine, with an electronic control system and a method for starting the diesel machine
JP4819703B2 (en) * 2007-01-12 2011-11-24 アスモ株式会社 Vehicle wiper device
DK178404B1 (en) * 2014-07-17 2016-02-08 Man Diesel & Turbo Deutschland Large slow-running turbocharged two-stroke self-igniting internal combustion engine with a starting air system
CN104533564A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-04-22 朱譞晟 Double-Atkinson-cycle internal combustion engine

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH125795A (en) * 1927-01-06 1928-05-16 Harry Bentley Internal combustion engine.
US2266077A (en) * 1938-10-03 1941-12-16 Henry A Roan Internal combustion engine
FR2465071A1 (en) * 1979-09-14 1981-03-20 Schwermasch Liebknecht Veb K Super charged four stroke diesel starting device - has starting-valve cams plus extra exhaust valve cam with two lobes for two stroke operation

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1939350A (en) * 1924-09-09 1933-12-12 Jendrassik George Internal combustion engine
US2260983A (en) * 1939-03-22 1941-10-28 Clinton L Walker Control means for internal combustion engines
US3032965A (en) * 1960-07-11 1962-05-08 Roger P Wistner Engine starting apparatus
US3626918A (en) * 1969-07-18 1971-12-14 Trw Inc Starting system for diesel engines
SE421082B (en) * 1978-04-11 1981-11-23 Nordstjernan Rederi Ab DEVICE FOR PNEUMATIC START VALVES FOR DIESEL ENGINES

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH125795A (en) * 1927-01-06 1928-05-16 Harry Bentley Internal combustion engine.
US2266077A (en) * 1938-10-03 1941-12-16 Henry A Roan Internal combustion engine
FR2465071A1 (en) * 1979-09-14 1981-03-20 Schwermasch Liebknecht Veb K Super charged four stroke diesel starting device - has starting-valve cams plus extra exhaust valve cam with two lobes for two stroke operation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993024741A1 (en) * 1992-06-01 1993-12-09 Caterpillar Inc. A method and apparatus for starting an engine utilizing unit valve actuation
EP1048844A1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-02 Wärtsilä NSD Schweiz AG Method and device for starting, braking and reversing of a two-stroke diesel engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4635595A (en) 1987-01-13
FR2566050B1 (en) 1988-09-16
FI852410L (en) 1985-12-20
JPS6111456A (en) 1986-01-18
DK274585D0 (en) 1985-06-18
NO852420L (en) 1985-12-20
FR2566050A1 (en) 1985-12-20
FI852410A0 (en) 1985-06-18
DK274585A (en) 1985-12-20

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