FR2644936A1 - Process for charging a sealed lead battery with gas recombination and especially with gellified electrolyte, for any application requiring cycling - Google Patents

Process for charging a sealed lead battery with gas recombination and especially with gellified electrolyte, for any application requiring cycling Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2644936A1
FR2644936A1 FR8903775A FR8903775A FR2644936A1 FR 2644936 A1 FR2644936 A1 FR 2644936A1 FR 8903775 A FR8903775 A FR 8903775A FR 8903775 A FR8903775 A FR 8903775A FR 2644936 A1 FR2644936 A1 FR 2644936A1
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France
Prior art keywords
charging
battery
electrolyte
equal
sealed lead
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FR8903775A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Claude Dreulle
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Oldham France SA
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Oldham France SA
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Priority to FR8903775A priority Critical patent/FR2644936A1/en
Publication of FR2644936A1 publication Critical patent/FR2644936A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
    • H01M10/342—Gastight lead accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

This process is characterised in that the charging voltage of the battery is held at a value less than or equal to 2.33 V per element of this battery under a charging regime greater than or equal to 0.2 Cn, n being an arbitrary integer. Advantageously, the charging regime is greater than or equal to 0.2 C5.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de 'charge d'une batterie étanche au plomb à recombinaison de gaz et notamment à électrolyte gélifié. pour toute application nécessitant un cyclage. The present invention relates to a method for charging a sealed lead-acid battery with gas recombination and in particular with gelled electrolyte. for any application requiring cycling.

Ces batteries sont par exemple utilisées en tant que batteries de traction, dans des applications de filoguidage. dans des véhicules électriques. comme batteries stationnaires ou encore pour le stockage d énergie. These batteries are for example used as traction batteries, in wire guidance applications. in electric vehicles. as stationary batteries or for energy storage.

Il existe déjà dans l'état de la technique un certain nombre de procédés de charge de ce type de batteries. A number of methods for charging this type of battery already exist in the state of the art.

Il est nécessaire. lors de la charge de ces batteries. de perdre le moins d eau possible par électrolyse. It is necessary. when charging these batteries. lose as little water as possible by electrolysis.

C'est ainsi qu'il a été proposé. par exemple. d utiliser des dispositifs de charge comportant des hacheurs. This is how it was proposed. for example. d use charging devices with choppers.

Grâce aux impulsions de sortie de ces hacheurs. il est possible de diminuer la pression interne de la batterie pendant la charge donc de minimiser 1 ouverture d une soupape de sécurité. et par conséquent de réduire la perte d eau lors de la charge de cette batterie. Thanks to the output pulses of these choppers. it is possible to reduce the internal pressure of the battery during charging, thus minimizing the opening of a safety valve. and therefore reduce water loss when charging this battery.

Cependant, ces procédés imposent de maintenir un courant constant trop élevé dans les paliers terminaux de la charge. Il en résulte une augmentation de la tension de charge. ce qui entraine des problémes d lectrolyse de 1 eau et de ce fait. d augmentation de la pression dans la batterie et donc a ouverture de la soupape de sécurité d ou une perte d'eau. However, these methods require maintaining a constant current which is too high in the terminal stages of the load. This results in an increase in the charging voltage. which causes problems of electrolysis of water and therefore. pressure increase in the battery and therefore opening of the safety valve d or loss of water.

Le but de 1 invention est donc de résoudre les problémes évoqués précédemment en proposant un procédé de charge de batteries du type mentionné précédemment. qui soit simple. fiable et qui permette de charger de telles batteries trés rapidement et sans perte d'eau. The object of the invention is therefore to solve the problems mentioned above by proposing a method for charging batteries of the type mentioned above. that is simple. reliable and which allows to charge such batteries very quickly and without loss of water.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet-un procédé de charge d une batterie étanche au plomb à recombinaison de gaz et notamment à électrolyte gélifié. pour toute application nécessitant un cyclage. caractérisé en ce qu'on maintient la tension de charge de la batterie à une valeur inférieure ou égale à 2.33 volts par élément de cette batterie sous un régime de charge supérieur ou égal à 0.2 Cn. n étant un nombre entier quelconque. To this end, the subject of the invention is a method of charging a sealed lead-acid battery with gas recombination and in particular with gelled electrolyte. for any application requiring cycling. characterized in that the charge voltage of the battery is maintained at a value less than or equal to 2.33 volts per element of this battery under a charge regime greater than or equal to 0.2 Cn. n being any integer.

Avantageusement. le régime de charge est supérieur ou égal à O. 2C
Le procédé selon l'invention pour la charge d une batterie étanche au plomb à recombinaison de gaz et notamment à électrolyte gélifié. consiste à maintenir la tension de charge de la batterie à une valeur inférieure ou égale å 2.33 V par élément de cette batterie sous un régime de charge supérieur ou égal à 0.2con, n étant un nombre entier quelconque.Advantageously. the load regime is greater than or equal to O. 2C
The method according to the invention for charging a sealed lead-acid battery with gas recombination and in particular with gelled electrolyte. consists in maintaining the battery charge voltage at a value less than or equal to 2.33 V per element of this battery under a charge regime greater than or equal to 0.2con, n being any integer.

On entend par régime de charge. l'intensite de courant calculée en multipliant la capacité de la batterie par un coefficient déterminé. By load regime is meant. the current intensity calculated by multiplying the battery capacity by a determined coefficient.

La capacité de la batterie est donnée en 5 heures pour les accumulateurs de traction. en 1 heure. The battery capacity is given in 5 hours for traction accumulators. in 1 hour.

heures. mais le plus souvent en 10 heures pour les accumulateurs stationnaires. en 100 heures pour les accumulateurs de stockage d'énergie. la capacité disponible étant fonction de l'intensite du courant et du temps de la décharge. hours. but most often in 10 hours for stationary accumulators. in 100 hours for energy storage accumulators. the available capacity being a function of the intensity of the current and the time of the discharge.

Dans la suite de la description du procédé selon l invention, tous les exemples sont donnés pour des accumulateurs de traction de capacité nominale en 5 heures. N étant pas exclusif à ce type d'accumula- tueurs. il convient, pour les autres accumulateurs. de ramener leur capacité en 5 heures pour connaitre le régime de charge. In the following description of the process according to the invention, all the examples are given for traction accumulators of nominal capacity in 5 hours. Not being exclusive to this type of accumulator. it is suitable for other accumulators. reduce their capacity in 5 hours to know the charging regime.

Ainsi. la tension de charge de la batterie est limitée à un seuil qui bloque ou limite fortement l électrolyse pendant la charge et la surcharge de celle-ci, sans limitation du régime de charge. So. the battery charging voltage is limited to a threshold which blocks or severely limits electrolysis during charging and overcharging, without limiting the charging speed.

De plus, comme dans tout accumulateur ou batterie étanche au plomb à recombinaison de gaz. In addition, as in any sealed lead-acid accumulator or battery with gas recombination.

l'oxygène qui se forme à l'electrode positive se recombine sur l'electrode négative de l'accumulateur.the oxygen which forms at the positive electrode recombines on the negative electrode of the accumulator.

En limitant ainsi la tension de charge et de surcharge. il est possible d arriver à équilibrer les cinétiques de recombinaison chimique et électrochimi- que, ce qui a pour effet de limiter la pression interne dans l accumulateur à une valeur relativement basse. By thus limiting the charging and overload voltage. it is possible to balance the kinetics of chemical and electrochemical recombination, which has the effect of limiting the internal pressure in the accumulator to a relatively low value.

La soupape de sécurité dont est équipée la batterie lors de la charge. peut être alors tarée à une valeur légérement supérieure à cette pression dans la mesure ou la recombinaison gazeuse est voisine de 100Z et de ce fait la perte d eau, de O Z. The safety valve with which the battery is fitted during charging. can then be tared to a value slightly higher than this pressure insofar as the gas recombination is close to 100Z and therefore the loss of water, of O Z.

Des procédés analogues ont déjà été utilisés pour la charge de batteries stationnaires classiques au plomb. dites ouvertes. c est à dire avec de l'élec- trolyte libre (réserve d électrolyte). Cependant. ces charges à tension constante, limitées en intensité, ne peuvent être utilisées dans des applications de cycla ge, dans là mesure ou la durée de charge est trop longue et ne permet pas l'homogénéisation de l électroly- te. Similar methods have already been used for charging conventional stationary lead batteries. say open. that is to say with free electrolyte (electrolyte reserve). However. these charges at constant voltage, limited in intensity, cannot be used in cycling applications, insofar as the charging time is too long and does not allow the homogenization of the electrolyte.

La non-homogénéisation de l électrolyte a pour conséquence la stratification de ce dernier avec pour effet la perte rapide de capacité de l'accumula- teur. The non-homogenization of the electrolyte results in the stratification of the latter with the effect of the rapid loss of capacity of the accumulator.

En effet, l application de ce procédé pour la charge de batteries stationnaires après une décharge de 80% de sa capacité nominale permet d'obtenir 90Z des ampères débités en 12 heures et 100Z en 24 heures. Indeed, the application of this process for the charging of stationary batteries after a discharge of 80% of its nominal capacity makes it possible to obtain 90Z of the amps drawn up in 12 hours and 100Z in 24 hours.

sans toutefois homogénéiser totalement l'electrolyte. without, however, completely homogenizing the electrolyte.

L interet du procédé selon l'invention résulte dans la non limitation du courant de charge, le régime de charge pouvant être compris par exemple entre 0.2C5 et 0.3C5. The advantage of the process according to the invention results in the non-limitation of the charging current, the charging regime possibly being for example between 0.2C5 and 0.3C5.

Gracie à ce procédé. il est possible d'at- teindre 100% de recharge d'une batterie de traction entre 6 et 8 heures sans augmentation excessive de la pression interne des accumulateurs. Cette charge étant effectuée å une tension inférieure ou égale à 2.33 V par élement de la batterie sous un régime de charge supérieur ou égal à 0.2Cn et avantageusement supérieur ou égal à O.2C5. ce qui permet d obtenir une recharge rapide sans perte d'eau de cette batterie. Thanks to this process. it is possible to reach 100% recharge of a traction battery between 6 and 8 hours without excessive increase in the internal pressure of the accumulators. This charging being carried out at a voltage less than or equal to 2.33 V by element of the battery under a charge regime greater than or equal to 0.2Cn and advantageously greater than or equal to O.2C5. which allows a quick recharge without loss of water from this battery.

A titre d'exemple. pour une tension de charge limitée à 2.30 V par élément de la batterie avec un régime de charge de O.25C5. on obtient 100Z de recharge de la batterie en 6 Heures 30 mn. 1032 en 8 Heures et 105% en 12 heures. La pression interne de la batterie pendant la charge est inférieure à 0.2 bar.  For exemple. for a charging voltage limited to 2.30 V per cell of the battery with a charging speed of O.25C5. 100Z of battery recharge is obtained in 6 hours 30 minutes. 1032 in 8 Hours and 105% in 12 hours. The internal pressure of the battery during charging is less than 0.2 bar.

Claims (2)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé de charge d une batterie étanche au plomb à recombinaison de gaz et notamment à électrolyte gélifié. pour toute application nécessitant un cyclage. caractérisé en ce qu'on maintient la tension de charge de la batterie à une valeur inférieure ou égale à 2.33 V par élément de cette batterie sous un régime de charge supérieur ou égal à 0,2Cn, n étant un nombre entier quelconque. 1. Method for charging a sealed lead-acid battery with gas recombination and in particular with gelled electrolyte. for any application requiring cycling. characterized in that the charge voltage of the battery is maintained at a value less than or equal to 2.33 V per element of this battery under a charge regime greater than or equal to 0.2Cn, n being any integer. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1. carac- térisé en ce que le régime de charge est supérieur ou égal å 0.2C5.  2. Method according to claim 1. characterized in that the charge regime is greater than or equal to 0.2C5.
FR8903775A 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Process for charging a sealed lead battery with gas recombination and especially with gellified electrolyte, for any application requiring cycling Withdrawn FR2644936A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8903775A FR2644936A1 (en) 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Process for charging a sealed lead battery with gas recombination and especially with gellified electrolyte, for any application requiring cycling

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FR8903775A FR2644936A1 (en) 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Process for charging a sealed lead battery with gas recombination and especially with gellified electrolyte, for any application requiring cycling

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0947010A1 (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-10-06 William E. M. Jones The use of catalysts in standby valve-regulated lead acid cells
EP0961382A2 (en) * 1998-05-27 1999-12-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for charging secondary battery

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB931958A (en) * 1960-12-13 1963-07-24 Sonnenschein Accumulatoren Improvements in unspillable accumulators having a solid electrolyte, and in methods of operating such accumulators
FR1390123A (en) * 1963-04-25 1965-02-19 Varta Ag Process for manufacturing lead-acid accumulators with solidified or thickened electrolyte and accumulators conforming to those obtained by the present process or similar process
BE703876A (en) * 1966-09-26 1968-02-01
GB2084791A (en) * 1980-10-03 1982-04-15 Gould Inc Lead acid batteries
JPS603874A (en) * 1983-06-21 1985-01-10 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Charging method of sealed lead-acid battery
EP0162996A1 (en) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-04 Tudor AB Lead-acid battery construction including improved means for oxygen recombination
JPS61198577A (en) * 1985-02-26 1986-09-02 Yuasa Battery Co Ltd Charging method for square enclosed lead storage battery
DE3717478A1 (en) * 1987-05-23 1988-12-01 Deta Akkumulatoren Method for charging maintenance-free, sealed storage batteries

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB931958A (en) * 1960-12-13 1963-07-24 Sonnenschein Accumulatoren Improvements in unspillable accumulators having a solid electrolyte, and in methods of operating such accumulators
FR1390123A (en) * 1963-04-25 1965-02-19 Varta Ag Process for manufacturing lead-acid accumulators with solidified or thickened electrolyte and accumulators conforming to those obtained by the present process or similar process
BE703876A (en) * 1966-09-26 1968-02-01
GB2084791A (en) * 1980-10-03 1982-04-15 Gould Inc Lead acid batteries
JPS603874A (en) * 1983-06-21 1985-01-10 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Charging method of sealed lead-acid battery
EP0162996A1 (en) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-04 Tudor AB Lead-acid battery construction including improved means for oxygen recombination
JPS61198577A (en) * 1985-02-26 1986-09-02 Yuasa Battery Co Ltd Charging method for square enclosed lead storage battery
DE3717478A1 (en) * 1987-05-23 1988-12-01 Deta Akkumulatoren Method for charging maintenance-free, sealed storage batteries

Non-Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 106, no. 2, janvier 1987, page 145, résumé no. 7477b, Columbus, Ohio, US; B.K. MAHATO et al.: "A new gelled-electrolyte lead-acid battery for deep-discharge applications", & PROG. BATTERIES SOL. CELLS 1987, 6, 136-40 *
EXTENDED ABSTRACTS, vol. 76/2, octobre 1976, pages 34-36, résumé no. 10; R.O. HAMMEL: "Fast charging sealed lead-acid batteries" *
EXTENDED ABSTRACTS, vol. 81-2, octobre 1981, pages 142-143, résumé no. 55, Pennington, New Jersey, US; S.S. MISRA et al.: "Charging characteristics of a sealed, starved electrolyte lead-acid cell designed for photovoltaic applications" *
G-I-T FACHZEITSCHRIFT F]R DAS LABORATORIUM, vol. 13, no. 12, décembre 1969, pages 1281-1282; K. EBERTS: "Dryfit-PC-Batterien" *
INTELEC'87 - THE NINTH INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENERGY CONVERENCE PROCEEDINGS, Stockholm, 14-17 juin 1987, pages 623-629, IEEE, New York, US; M. GROSSONI et al.: "Experience and considerations on MF batteries in Italian telecommunications systems" *
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENERGY CONFERENCE - CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, Toronto, 19-22 octobre 1986, pages 49-56, IEEE, New York, US; H. TUPHORN: "Sealed maintenance-free lead-acid batteries for stand-by applications *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 11, no 27 (E-474)[2474], 27 janvier 1987; & JP-A-61 198 577 (YUASA BATTERY CO. LTD) 02-09-1986 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 9, no. 115 (E-315)[1838], 18 mai 1985; & JP-A-60 3874 (SHINKOUBE DENKI K.K.) 10-01-1985 *
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH INTERSOCIETY ENERGY CONVERSION ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, août 1985, vol. 2, pages 2.139-2.158, Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.; YMBORSKI et al.: "Cycle life testing of a 96-volt, 1500 Ah sealed lead acid battery system" *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0947010A1 (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-10-06 William E. M. Jones The use of catalysts in standby valve-regulated lead acid cells
EP0947010A4 (en) * 1996-11-12 2003-05-14 Philadelphia Scientific Llc The use of catalysts in standby valve-regulated lead acid cells
EP0961382A2 (en) * 1998-05-27 1999-12-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for charging secondary battery
EP0961382A3 (en) * 1998-05-27 2004-05-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for charging secondary battery
USRE40223E1 (en) 1998-05-27 2008-04-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for charging secondary battery

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