FR2618766A1 - GARBAGE COMPACTOR, ESPECIALLY HOUSEHOLD GARBAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

Refuse compacter, especially for domestic refuse, consisting of a trapdoor flap (23) followed by an access chute towards a compacting unit (1) whose piston (10) is provided with means for moving it cyclically between a low position inside a container and a high position, as well as for exerting a compacting pressure in the low position. The chute forms a slide device (29) containing a movable shovel (36), arranged under the trapdoor flap and emerging on the container via an orifice (33) closed off by a guillotine shutter (41, 47), the piston carrying drive members which, during the cycle which starts in the low position and ends in compacting, ensure the opening of the guillotine shutter and the sweeping of the slide device by the shovel towards its opening during the rise of the piston beyond a certain stroke part, and then the closure of the guillotine shutter and the return of the shovel during the descent beyond this same stroke part.

Description

GARBAGE COMPACTOR, ESPECIALLY HOUSEHOLD GARBAGE

  The invention relates to a refuse compactor, in particular household refuse, consisting of a hatch followed by an access chute towards a compacting block whose piston is provided with means for moving it cyclically between a position low inside a container and a high position as well as to exert a compaction pressure

in the low position.

  Compactors of this type already in use greatly facilitate the treatment of garbage and in particular household waste whose volume they reduce, facilitate handling and avoid fermentation

too fast.

  They are generally placed between the kitchen and the outside, the hatch at the level of a work surface and the compacting block outside.

or built into the wall.

  However, they have the disadvantage that certain waste remains attached to the walls of the chute, which makes cleaning necessary.

  frequent, sometimes difficult to achieve due to access difficulties.

  In addition, the immediate dumping of refuse from the chute into the container requires that the piston is at rest in the high position;

  the compacted garbage therefore being in the open air, which causes them to close

  tation and release of bad odors.

  The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to do this the chute constitutes a drawer containing a movable shovel, disposed under the hatch and opening onto the container through an orifice closed by a guillotine, the piston carrying drive members. which ensure,

  during the cycle which begins in the low position and ends with the compact

  tage, the opening of the guillotine and the sweeping of the drawer by the shovel towards its opening during the rise of the piston beyond a certain portion of stroke, then the closing of the guillotine and the return of the shovel during

  the descent below this same portion of the race.

  In this way, each drawer is guaranteed to clean the drawer which constitutes the entire path traveled by the garbage between the hatch

and the compaction container.

  But above all, the interposition of the assembly formed by the drawer

  and the guillotine allows the piston to be left in the com- position

  pactage since the ascent of the piston, at least partial, can take place while the garbage is retained in the drawer by the guillotine. Compacted garbage is therefore isolated from the outside by the piston, which

  prohibits their fermentation and the release of bad odors.

  Advantageously, the drive members are fingers acting to lift it on the cleats of a first sash shutter which uncovers the window of a second sash shutter, which in turn is lifted by the first thanks to a set of Cooperating stops carried by each of them, the descent of the two front flaps takes place in reverse order by elastic return, preferably thanks to the shovel, itself resiliently returned to the rest position and connected by a cable to the first flap.

  These extremely simple mechanisms ensure all movements

  guillotine shutters and shovel synchronized with the raising and lowering of the piston. The presence of two guillotine shutters acting in series makes it possible to considerably reduce the size of the compaction block. Preferably, there is provided a locking lever of the hatch kept erased by the shovel when it is in the position of

rest.

  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, means are provided for maintaining the pressure of the piston in contact with the refuse between two compaction cycles, and means for placing the piston in position.

  high when the maximum compaction pressure is reached before expiry

  ration of a determined delay time.

  This results on the one hand in a better seal for the garbage

  compacted and on the other hand the erased position by manual control-

  the or automatic piston when the container is full, since then the

  maximum compaction pressure is reached at the start of compaction.

  An embodiment of the invention is now described by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a compactor according to the invention; Figure 2 is a front section of the same compactor; 30. Figure 3 is a vertical section along the line 111-III of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a side view of the shovel; FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the guillotine; and

  Figure 6 is a diagram of the main compactor controls.

  The compactor for domestic use shown consists of a compacting block 1 and a control box 2 embedded in the wall as well as a supply assembly 3 arranged inside a kitchen.

below a work plan 4.

  In the compaction block with two inspection doors 5

  and 6, the second of which makes it possible to remove the container 7, we find essential-

  In addition, in addition to this container, the jack 8 with its rod 9 and the piston 10.

  In the container 7 is placed a bag 11 protected by four

  removable hanging flaps 12 which protect the bag and facilitate its ex-

  traction when they have been removed one by one.

  The piston 10, articulated on its rod at 13, is crossed by the latter between two uprights 14 which carry a double inverted U-shaped caliper whose descending wings receive pads 16 cooperating with

slides 17.

  The control unit 2 contains the motor 18 with its re-

  oil reservoir 19, a receptacle 20 for programming cards, as well as

  the main switch 21 and an audible or light signal 22.

  The power supply assembly 3 contains a hatch designated by

  the general reference 23, a well-known trade device constituted essentially

  tially by a short conduit 24 closed at its upper part by a pre-

  mier leaf 25 and at its lower part by a second leaf 26. A linkage 27 ensures that when the leaf 25 is lifted by the pusher 28, the leaf 26 cannot open. On the contrary, when the leaf 25 is closed, the leaf 26 is free to open under the weight of the garbage it

retains upstream.

  The power supply assembly 3 forms at its lower part an inclined drawer 29 limited by the inclined lower wall 30, the side walls 31

and the rear vertical wall 32.

  At its lower part, the drawer 29 opens out through an orifice 33 in

  the compacting block above the level of the container 7.

  The side walls 31 form two slides 34 cooperating with two guides 35 integral with a shovel 36 carrying two studs 37 to which are

  fixed two springs 38 attached to the rear wall 32.

  The orifice 33 communicating the drawer 29 with the compacting block 1 is capable of being closed off by a guillotine with two flaps whose lateral edges are engaged with slides 39 integral with

  the vertical wall 40 separating the compacting block 1 from the feed assembly

statement 3.

  The shutter 41 is provided with a window 42 and high cleats 43

  and bottom 44 intended to cooperate with a top cleat 45 and the bottom edge

  lower 46 of the flap 47, which in turn carries tabs 48 and fixing studs 49. The flap 47, the height of which corresponds to that of the window 42, is operated by means of the cleats 48 by means of fingers carried by the caliper 15 of the piston 10. The studs 49 receive two cables 51 passing over the pulleys 52 and passing through the guides 35 at the rear of which

they are retained by studs 52.

  Finally, note the presence of two levers 53, articulated under the conduit 24 and whose notches 54 engage with stops 55

  carried by the leaf 26 on which is further mounted a magnet

request 56.

  We find in the diagram of Figure 6 the motor 18, the cylinder 8, the piston 10, and, on the main power supply of the motor controlled at 20 by one of the programming cards, the main switch 28 in series

  with a switch 57 controlled to close by the magnet 56 and to the

  verture by a pressure switch 58 connected to the cylinder supply. The return

  of the jack carries a check valve 59. Finally a comparator 60 acts, when

  that the signal of a timer 61 triggered by a contact 62 carried by the piston 10 is preceded by that of a maximum pressure indicator 63,

  on the horn or light 22.

  The compactor thus described operates in the following manner. The user introduces refuse by the leaf 25, the leaf 26 being closed. It then closes the leaf 25 and the linkage 27 allows the leaf 26 to open when the leaf 25 is closed and to close immediately after the garbage has fallen into the drawer 29. The control magnet 56

  closes the switch 57 and the motor 18 is supplied since the

  pactor being in service, the switch 28 is itself closed. The compaction cycle then takes place in accordance with the program of the card 20. The piston 10, which was in the low rest position, rises and the fingers 50 raise the flap 47 of the guillotine by the tabs 48, thus revealing the window 42 of the flap 41. In turn, by the tabs 45 and 43, the

  flap 47 lifts flap 41. Simultaneously, the cables 55 set in motion-

  the shovel 36 which runs along the drawer 29 and carries the garbage which would have

  may not have fallen through hole 33 uncovered by the shutters of the guillo-

  tine. Arrived in the high position, the piston begins its descent during which, thanks to the springs 38, the two flaps 41 and 47 and the shovel 36

return to their rest position.

  During all the movements of the shovel 36, the levers 53, by their notches 54 in engagement with the stops 55, prohibit the opening of the leaf 26, even if garbage is introduced into the conduit 24 by the leaf 25. At the end of stroke, the piston 10 is stopped by the pressure switch 58 which acts on the switch 57 and it is kept under pressure by the valve

restraint 59.

  Before reaching the end of the stroke, the piston triggered by the contact 62 the timer 61 which, in turn, acts on the horn 22

26 18766

  via comparator 60 if its end of delay signal is later than that of the maximum pressure indicator 63. The user is thus warned that the container 7 is full since then the maximum pressure is reached shortly after the passage of the piston at the level of the contact 62. The user can then carry out an operation controlled for example by a second active position of the switch 28, which places the piston in the high position and makes it possible to extract the container 7 by the door 6 then

to empty it.

  It will also be specified that, as a variant, the control of the horn 22 can be designed to act on the latter when the piston 10 is located

  face a contact noting that he is in the position for which the reci-

  pient 7 is full and simultaneously the maximum compaction pressure, detected by the indicator 63, is reached. The user can then perform a maneuver controlled for example by a second active position

  switch 28, which places the piston in the high position allowing

  milk the container 7 through the door 6, then empty it from its bag 11.

  It is easily understood that, thanks to the invention and in particular to the interposition of the drawer 29 with its shovel 36 and its guillotine 41, 47, it is

  easy to clean duct 24 which is very short and easy to

  keep the pressure piston at rest in the low position, the garbage already

  compacted thus being perfectly insulated.

  As also, the drawer is cleaned by the shovel 36, the

  seems to be protected against unhealthy fermentation and maintained

  in an excellent state of cleanliness.

Claims (6)

  1) - Garbage compactor, in particular household garbage, consisting of a hatch (23) followed by an access chute to a compacting block (1) whose piston (10) is provided with means for move it cyclically between a low position inside a container and a high position as well as to exert a compaction pressure in the low position, characterized in that the chute constitutes a drawer (29) containing a movable shovel (36) , arranged under the hatch and opening onto the container through an orifice (33) closed by a guillotine (41, 47), the piston carrying drive members which ensure, during the cycle which begins in the low position and ends with compaction, opening of the guillotine and sweeping of the drawer by the shovel towards its opening during the rise of the piston beyond a certain portion of stroke, then closing of the guillotine and return of the shovel during descend below this same portion of the race.   2) - Garbage compactor according to claim I characterized in that the drive members are fingers (50f acting for the   lift on cleats (48) of a first guillotine flap (47) which uncovers   vre the window (42) of a second sash shutter (41), which in turn is raised by the first thanks to a set of cooperating cleats (43, 44, 45) carried by each of them, the descent of the two strands taking place in order reverse by elastic return.   3) - Garbage compactor according to claim 2 characterized in that the shovel (36), resiliently returned to the rest position, is   connected by a cable (51) to the first flap.   4) - Garbage compactor according to one of claims I to 3   characterized by a lever (53) for locking the hatch kept erased   by the shovel when it is in the rest position.    ) - Garbage compactor according to one of claims I to 4   characterized by means for maintaining pressure (59) of the piston in contact   garbage between two compaction cycles.   6) - Garbage compactor according to claims I to 5, character-   risé by means (22) triggered by the contact pressure gauge (63) indi-   as the maximum compaction pressure is reached before the expiration of the time allowed by the timer (61) initialized by the passage of the piston by the contactor (62), in order to signal that the container (7) is full and that the piston f10) can be returned to the upper position by the operation   manual switch (28) to extract the bag (11) from the container (7).   7) - Garbage compactor according to claims 1 to 5, charac-   checked by means (22) triggered by the contact pressure gauge (63)   indicating that the maximum compaction pressure is reached when the piston (10) is facing a contactor noting that it is in the position for which the container (7) is full, in order to signal that the piston (10) can be returned to the high position by manual operation of the switch (28) in order to extract the bag (11) from the container 17).