FR2618378A1 - Microwave pultruder - Google Patents

Microwave pultruder Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2618378A1
FR2618378A1 FR8705879A FR8705879A FR2618378A1 FR 2618378 A1 FR2618378 A1 FR 2618378A1 FR 8705879 A FR8705879 A FR 8705879A FR 8705879 A FR8705879 A FR 8705879A FR 2618378 A1 FR2618378 A1 FR 2618378A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
die
fact
microwave
transparent windows
done
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
FR8705879A
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French (fr)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TIRANDAZ NOSRAT
Original Assignee
TIRANDAZ NOSRAT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TIRANDAZ NOSRAT filed Critical TIRANDAZ NOSRAT
Priority to FR8705879A priority Critical patent/FR2618378A1/en
Publication of FR2618378A1 publication Critical patent/FR2618378A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/78—Arrangements for continuous movement of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/02—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
    • B29C33/06—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means using radiation, e.g. electro-magnetic waves, induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/526—Pultrusion dies, e.g. dies with moving or rotating parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/528—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0855—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using microwave

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Device making it possible to polymerise, in the actual die serving to shape the product, a composite material composed of insulating fibres bound by a resin. It comprises a shaping die 1 into which the resin-coated fibres are inserted. The body of the die, made from a metal, includes microwave-transparent windows 2 via which the microwaves are injected. The invention can be used for making any solid or hollow profile based on fibres bound by a resin.

Description

La présente invention concerne les dispositifs destinés à la fabrication des matériaux composites se présentant sous forme de joncs ou de tubes à section quelconque
Dans les dispositifs actuels visant le même but, les calories nécessz^e.x 2 #a polymérisation de la résine liant les fibres sont, apportées par le contact thermique avec le corps de chauffe. On conçoit facizament que ce transfert thermique s'effectue difficilement car on se trouve en présence de matériaux, fibres ou résines mauvais conducteurs de ta chaleur.The present invention relates to devices for the manufacture of composite materials in the form of rods or tubes of any section
In current devices for the same purpose, the calories required ^ ex 2 #a polymerization of the fiber-binding resin are provided by thermal contact with the heating body. It is easy to see that this heat transfer is difficult to do because we are in the presence of materials, fibers or resins that are poor conductors of your heat.

Le dispositif, suivant l'invention, permet d'éviter ce mauvais tranfert thermique entre la filière chaude et le matériau à polymériser . On améliore ainsi la productivité du système et la qualité du produit final obtenu car on évite une surchauffe de la peau superficielle du produit fabriqué. The device according to the invention makes it possible to avoid this bad thermal transfer between the hot die and the material to be polymerized. This improves the productivity of the system and the quality of the final product obtained because it avoids overheating of the surface skin of the manufactured product.

Le dispositif objet de l'invention comporte une filière métallique ayant la section du profilé à fabriquer ( Figure 1). Les fibres qui composent le jonc à fabriquer sont introduites en amont de la filière et sont tirées en aval de la filière . Dans le corps de chauffe sont aménagées des fenêtres qui permettent d'injecter l'énergie micro-ondes fournie par des magnétrons ou des klystrons. The device which is the subject of the invention comprises a metal die having the section of the profile to be manufactured (Figure 1). The fibers that make up the rod to be manufactured are introduced upstream of the die and are pulled downstream of the die. Windows are fitted in the heating body which allow the microwave energy supplied by magnetrons or klystrons to be injected.

Suivant la section du matériau à traiter, on choisira la fréquence de travail: pour des joncs de 5 à 10 cm de diamètre on utilisera la bande industrielle 2450MHz; pour des joncs de petits diamètres, de l'ordre du centimètre votre moins, on utilisera la bande X à 10000MHz (longueur d'onde 1 cm). Depending on the section of the material to be treated, the working frequency will be chosen: for rods 5 to 10 cm in diameter, the industrial band 2450MHz will be used; for rods of small diameters, of the order of a centimeter at least, we will use the X band at 10000MHz (wavelength 1 cm).

L'énergie micro-ondes est injectée dans la filière par des fenêtres en quartz ( matériau transparent aux ondes et possédant une très bonne tenue mécanique). Ces fenêtres sont conçues de telle façon qu'elles puissent résister à la pression pouvant apparaître dans le corps de la filière . Elles seront disposées tout autour de la filière de façon à appliquer l'énergie micro-ondes avec une grande homogénéité.  Microwave energy is injected into the die through quartz windows (material transparent to waves and having very good mechanical strength). These windows are designed in such a way that they can withstand the pressure that may appear in the body of the die. They will be arranged all around the die so as to apply microwave energy with great homogeneity.

Pour éviter que les parois de la filière constituent une partie froide, celle-ci est thermostatée à une température dépendant de la nature de la résine à polymériser 'Dans le cas contraire ce serait la matière échauffée sous l'action des micro-ondes Qui @@@@@@@@ @ @@ @@@@@@ @@@ @@@@@@@@ @@@@@@@@@@@@ @@ @@@ @@ obtiendrait, de ce fait, un mauvais état de surface du à une insuffisance de la polymérisation superficielle. La partie aval de la filière pourra présenter une légère conicité de façon à faciliter la sortie du produit à polymériser
il va de soi que si, en cours de polymérisation des gaz venaient à se dégager, cette deuxième zone de la filière serait mise en communication avec l'extérieur par des trous servant d'évents.To prevent the walls of the die from forming a cold part, this is thermostatically controlled at a temperature depending on the nature of the resin to be polymerized. Otherwise, it would be the material heated under the action of microwaves Who @ @@@@@@@ @ @@ @@@@@@ @@@ @@@@@@@@@ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ in fact, a poor surface finish due to insufficient surface polymerization. The downstream part of the die may have a slight taper so as to facilitate the exit of the product to be polymerized.
It goes without saying that if, during the polymerization of the gases were to emerge, this second zone of the die would be placed in communication with the outside by holes serving as vents.

Une variante du montage peut permettre d'obtenir des profilés creux . En effet, si l'on place dans la partie amont, dans la zone non encore chauffée a une aiguille du diamètre du trou à réaliser , les fibres vont se répartir de part et d'autre de cette aiguille (figure 2). A variant of the assembly can make it possible to obtain hollow profiles. Indeed, if we place in the upstream part, in the area not yet heated has a needle of the diameter of the hole to be made, the fibers will be distributed on either side of this needle (Figure 2).

Dans la deuxième partie, l'extémité de l'aiguille jouera le rôle de l'âme d'un cable coaxial, les fibres se comportant comme un diélectrique à pertes. In the second part, the end of the needle will play the role of the core of a coaxial cable, the fibers behaving like a dielectric at losses.

L'excitation micro-ondes se fera grâce à un guide fonctionnant suivant le mode Halo, le champ électrique étant parallèle à l'âme, il excitera deux ondes transversales se propageant en sens inverse (figure 3). Compte tenu que ces ondes excitées sont transversales, elles ne pourront induire aucune énergie micro-ondes dans les autres sources (figure 4). The microwave excitation will be done by a guide operating in the Halo mode, the electric field being parallel to the core, it will excite two transverse waves propagating in opposite directions (Figure 3). Given that these excited waves are transverse, they cannot induce any microwave energy in the other sources (Figure 4).

Le dispositif objet de l'invention peut être utilisé dans tous les cas où il s'agit de fabriquer un profilé plein ou creux en matériau composite à base de fibres isolantes et de résines, et cela par la technique dite de p@ltrusion.  The device object of the invention can be used in all cases where it is a question of manufacturing a full or hollow profile in composite material based on insulating fibers and resins, and this by the technique called p @ ltrusion.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATION5  CLAIM5 filière. Faculty. le matériau une onde polarisée perpendiculairement à l'axe de la the material a polarized wave perpendicular to the axis of the ondes disposées tout autour du corps de la filière et envoyant dans waves arranged all around the body of the die and sending in fait par micro-ondes à travers des fenêtres transparentes à ces done by microwave through transparent windows to these :caractérisé par le fait que l'apport de calories dans la filière se : characterized by the fact that the intake of calories in the sector polymérisables à chaud, heat-polymerizable, matériaux composites utilisant des fibres isolantes et des résines composite materials using insulating fibers and resins 1- Dispositif permettant fabriquer des profilés pleins ou creux en 1- Device for manufacturing solid or hollow profiles in 2- Dispositif selon la revendication 1,2- Device according to claim 1, : caractérisé par le fait que les fenetres transparentes sont : characterized by the fact that the transparent windows are réalisées dans une lame en quartz épousant la forme intérieure de la made in a quartz blade conforming to the internal shape of the filière et venant s'appuyer sur une butée résistant à la pression, die and coming to rest on a pressure-resistant stop, engendrée par le produit à l'intérieur du corps de la filière. generated by the product inside the die body. 3- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, 3- Device according to claim 1, :caractérisé par le fait que l'alimentation en énergie micro : characterized by the fact that the micro energy supply ondes ,se fait tout autour et tout le long de la filière. waves, is done all around and all along the die. 4- Dispositif selon la revendication 1,4- Device according to claim 1, : caractérisé par le fait qu'une aiguille placée au centre de la : characterized by the fact that a needle placed in the center of the filière permet de réaliser des profilés creux. die enables hollow profiles to be produced. 5- Dispositif selon la revendication 1,5- Device according to claim 1, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de la filière est characterized by the fact that the body of the die is thermostatée à une température adéquate. thermostatically controlled to an adequate temperature. 6- Dispositif selon la revendication 1,6- Device according to claim 1, caractérisé par le fait que la partie arrière de la filière characterized by the fact that the rear part of the die possède une certaine conicité ainsi que des évents  has a certain taper as well as vents
FR8705879A 1987-04-22 1987-04-22 Microwave pultruder Withdrawn FR2618378A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8705879A FR2618378A1 (en) 1987-04-22 1987-04-22 Microwave pultruder

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8705879A FR2618378A1 (en) 1987-04-22 1987-04-22 Microwave pultruder

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2618378A1 true FR2618378A1 (en) 1989-01-27

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FR8705879A Withdrawn FR2618378A1 (en) 1987-04-22 1987-04-22 Microwave pultruder

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FR (1) FR2618378A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2245893A (en) * 1990-07-10 1992-01-15 Shaw John Ltd Fibre reinforced plastic composites
EP0726127A1 (en) * 1995-02-02 1996-08-14 Hüls Aktiengesellschaft Moulds for forming latex foam articles using microwave energy
WO2008128527A2 (en) 2007-04-23 2008-10-30 InKraft, Ingenieurgesellschaft für kraftgeregelte adaptive Fertigungstechnik mbH Method for shaping profiles of unidirectional fibre reinforced composite materials during the production process
WO2011073433A1 (en) * 2009-12-17 2011-06-23 Sgl Carbon Se Method for producing fiber composite structures, including microwave curing step, and fiber composite structure thereby obtained
CN102729313A (en) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-17 李苏扬 Extrusion equipment provided with microwave heating device for plant fiber product

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2245893A (en) * 1990-07-10 1992-01-15 Shaw John Ltd Fibre reinforced plastic composites
GB2245893B (en) * 1990-07-10 1995-01-25 Shaw John Ltd Fibre reinforced plastic composites
EP0726127A1 (en) * 1995-02-02 1996-08-14 Hüls Aktiengesellschaft Moulds for forming latex foam articles using microwave energy
WO2008128527A2 (en) 2007-04-23 2008-10-30 InKraft, Ingenieurgesellschaft für kraftgeregelte adaptive Fertigungstechnik mbH Method for shaping profiles of unidirectional fibre reinforced composite materials during the production process
WO2008128527A3 (en) * 2007-04-23 2009-11-26 InKraft, Ingenieurgesellschaft für kraftgeregelte adaptive Fertigungstechnik mbH Method for shaping profiles of unidirectional fibre reinforced composite materials during the production process
WO2011073433A1 (en) * 2009-12-17 2011-06-23 Sgl Carbon Se Method for producing fiber composite structures, including microwave curing step, and fiber composite structure thereby obtained
CN102729313A (en) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-17 李苏扬 Extrusion equipment provided with microwave heating device for plant fiber product

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