FR2612346A1 - Conversion of a conventional sparkplug into an adjustable, enclosed 7,8 semi-annular sparkplug - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to sparkplugs for combustion engines. Adaptable to any sparkplugs of conventional type by converting the earth electrode into an adjustable enclosed 7/8 semi-annular earth electrode it becomes a universal earth-electrode sparkplug 10. The earth electrode 10 alone is divided exactly in half in order semi-annularly to surround the central electrode 11 (complying with the desired gap). With this possibility of adjustment, it will be possible to compensate the gap during use. Being likewise adjustable diametrally and longitudinally, an air-surface gap sparkplug can also be obtained. Main advantages obtained: 1) - Better combustion 2) - Very substantial improvement in fuel consumption (possibly ranging from 0.5 to 1 litre per hundred kilometres for a motor vehicle) 3) - Improvement in engine operation in all respects 4) - Very sizeable reduction in exhaust pollution.

Description

The invention relates to a spark plug for internal combustion engines and explosion engines.
Transformation of a classic candle into a semi-annular candle 7/8 closed, adjustable.

 At the present time e, we know a widespread type tes of aliumae candles, or classicues, that is to say with the ground electrode (10) which comes to hide the central electrode (11) = see Figures 1 and 2 = which causes the INDIRECT air fuel mixture to ignite with respect to the piston.

 In this mixture thus burned, there remain some particles of mixture not burned, or loss of energy, plus significant pollution at the exhaust.

 This type of classic candles sold for the most part in the trade, nevertheless remain excellent in use.

 on the other hand, there are also candles with ring lighting or sliding sparks, some much more goats, but how much more powerful.

 With these types of candles, almost all the disadvantages of conventional and other candles are eliminated.

 However, on these candles of the annular type, there remains a very important drawback, it is that it is impossible to adjust or make up for the play of the electrodes on demand = whether the candle is new or used = what we can do by cons, on conventional candles. This makes them very high performance candles, but of medium duration of operation.

Knowing that the candles of the annular type produce a direct ignition with respect to the piston, the zir-carDurant mixture will be ignited more rationally, more quickly and in full, therefore excellent for poor mixtures (turbo engine). So we win on
1) - cold and hot starts
2) - repeats
3) - nervousness
4) - the accelerations, much more frank
5) - significant gas savings
6) - engine power
7) - the high regimes
8) - slowed down further
9) - much less polluting at the exhaust
10) - a reduction in the fouling of scale at the bottom of the base (13) and porcelain (12).

 The advantage of the invention fig. 3 and 4 is that we eliminate the disadvantages of conventional candles and ring type, to get all their advantages.

 The invention in Figures 3 and 4 is easily achievable by conventional automatic machines or robotics, which manufacture conventional or annular candles.

 The invention detailed and explained below shows that it is only a question of changing the profile of the electrodes (called spark gap) since the rest of the components that constitute the spark plug does not change.

 It will be noted in FIGS. 3 and 4, that the ground electrode (10) separated in its width exactly by half, over approximately, 2/3 of its length.

The electrode (10) perfectly surrounds in the proportion of 7 / 8mue closed, therefore semi-annular, the diameter of the central electrode electrode (11) ~ in Q respecting entreeLles, an appropriate clearance, which varies according to the case of 0.6 to 0.8 m / m for the sparking of the spark which will now be directly relative to the piston, the mass electrode (10) will take the form of a Y, the branches of which will take the form of two half Moon.

 Why is the mass electrode (10) separated exactly by half, so as not to decrease its value, nor its specific, initial mass. While changing shape and function, it remains intact and retains all its characteristics, mechanical, electrical and thermal.

 We will see that in Figures 1 and 2 'ground electrode (10) is 2.8 / m wide and 1.6 m / m thick.

In FIG. 3, the two electrodes of the y are on each side 1.4 m / m in width and 1.6 m / m in thickness. It is easy to understand that the shims for controlling the interval of the electrodes (10 and 11) of the spark plug fig. 3 and 4, will be tubular in shape, the diameters of which will vary according to the desired spacing of the electrodes (10 and 11). Which makes it a firm, adjustable semi-annular 7 / 8th spark plug.

We will call this candle, with this new form of electrode, "UNIVERSAL candle".

 The candle thus transformed, gives absolutely amazing results, compared to the classic candle.

 I1 should be noted that with the stetívue test bench, that is to say, with compressed ambient air, therefore absolutely poor, the conventional candle, Figures 1 and 2, gives a "blue" spark between 5 and 6 bars at the maximum. The new universal spark plug with semi-annular electrode, FIGS. 3 and 4, gives a "blue" spark between 7 and 10 bars for the same distance in both cases. We therefore multiplied by 2, the ignition compression ratio, which is enormous for the proper functioning of an engine which has high comoressiOn rates.

 Having noted that when a conventional spark plug no longer gives a spark in the engine, that is to say, including dynamic voltage, on the static test bench, it only lights at 2 bars or 2.5 bars, which makes a small margin of good functioning, compared to a new classic candle.

 With the universal semi-annular candle, this margin is multiplied by 2 and even by 3, hence an additional criterion of longevity and reliability. I have experienced this new semi-annual electrode profile for over 5 years. Dynamic tests have been done on several 4-stroke, 2-stroke and turbo engines, over several hundred thousand kilometers, by car engines and other internal combustion engines, at very high and very low regiffies, by very hot or very cold weather - Super-positive results have always been obtained.

 Observation made: the classic candle works between 85 and 90% of its possibilities, while the universal semi-annular candle works at 98% not to say 100 Y., for engine outputs clearly higher at all levels.

The invention of Figures 3 and 4 is adaptable to all spark plugs of the conventional type fig. 1 and 2, it can even in some cases adapt to slip spark plugs, since the electrode or the electrodes
(iÇ?) can be ruled diametrically, but also longitude
nally, that is to say from top to bottom.

Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 are a continuity of
the invention of FIGS. 3 and 4. It will be noted that
the mass electrode (10) will be doubled and will take the form
a double Y, especially for better evacuation of the
heat.

 It is possible as shown in Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, to oversize or undersize "LE BOUT" of the electrodes (10) and (11), which will be brought back by brazing, while keeping the adjustable double Y shape.

 The coasts of these electrodes will vary, depending on the required thermal degrees and the composition thereof either in alloy (chromium, nickel) or in precious metals, such as silver or platinum.

Claims (3)

= CLAIMS = 1) - Spark plug for internal combustion engines, characterized in that the mass electrode integral with the body, is in the form of a semi-annular Y7 coming to surround the central electrode,! For direct ignition , with an appropriate interval, to allow the spark to burst.  20) - Spark plug according to Claim 1, characterized in that the semi-annular Y-shaped mass electrode can be adjustable, that is to say, the possibility of obtaining a desired interval, between the new form of ground electrode and the central electrode.  30) - Spark plug according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the mass electrode of semi-annular Y shape can also have the shape of an adjustable, oversized semi-annular double Y on the one hand and undersized on the other hand, depending on the thermal degrees required, as well as the alloy or meta used in its manufacture.  40) - Spark plug according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the invention can be adapted to all spark plugs of the conventional type and in some cases of the type of slip.