FR2611327A1 - VHV power generator - Google Patents

VHV power generator Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2611327A1
FR2611327A1 FR8702731A FR8702731A FR2611327A1 FR 2611327 A1 FR2611327 A1 FR 2611327A1 FR 8702731 A FR8702731 A FR 8702731A FR 8702731 A FR8702731 A FR 8702731A FR 2611327 A1 FR2611327 A1 FR 2611327A1
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Prior art keywords
capacitor
fact
terminals
transformer
thyristor
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FR8702731A
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French (fr)
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR8702731A priority Critical patent/FR2611327A1/en
Publication of FR2611327A1 publication Critical patent/FR2611327A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
    • F02P15/001—Ignition installations adapted to specific engine types
    • F02P15/003—Layout of ignition circuits for gas turbine plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/06—Other installations having capacitive energy storage
    • F02P3/08—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/0807—Closing the discharge circuit of the storage capacitor with electronic switching means
    • F02P3/0838—Closing the discharge circuit of the storage capacitor with electronic switching means with semiconductor devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
    • F02P9/007—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression by supplementary electrical discharge in the pre-ionised electrode interspace of the sparking plug, e.g. plasma jet ignition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/337—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
    • H02M3/3376—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M3/3378—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current in a push-pull configuration of the parallel type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device capable of generating on its own a VHV signal and a power signal which are added together at the level of the output terminals. This device comprises a voltage converter consisting of the transistor 6 associated with the transformer 43 whose secondary 12 feeds a stage for provision of VHV by capacitive discharge, and whose secondary 11 feeds a current stage, the two signals being combined through the diode chain 19, ..., 19xn at the level of the levels of the output electrodes 21' and 21''. This device can be used for igniting or reigniting a lighter, a boiler, a gas lamp, for an electronic ignition coil, for a fence electrifier, a xenon spark lamp, etc..

Description

La présente invention concerne les dispositifs du type convertisseur permettant de transformer une énergie électrique à basse tension en énergie à très haute tension. The present invention relates to converter type devices for transforming low voltage electrical energy into very high voltage energy.

Dans des dispositif connus de ce genre, cet te transformation s'effectue en deux temps: charge d'un condensateur à haute tension puis décharge de ce condensateur sur le primaire d'un transformateur élévateur de tension dont le secondaire délivre la très haute tension recherchée. De tels dispositifs nécessitent un transformateur dont les dimensions et le poids sont importants, en outre, le rendement d'un telle charge est tres médiocre. In known devices of this kind, this transformation takes place in two stages: charging a high-voltage capacitor then discharging this capacitor on the primary of a step-up transformer whose secondary delivers the very high voltage sought . Such devices require a transformer whose dimensions and weight are important, in addition, the efficiency of such a load is very poor.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet d'éviter ces inconvénients. The device according to the invention avoids these drawbacks.

En effet, l'énergie à très haute tension n'est plus transformée par une décharge capacitive sur le primaire d'un transformateur, mais ce n'est qu'une faible part de l'énergie de base qui est ainsi utilisée pour générer une très haute tension, ce par décharge capacitive, un complément d'énergie, à moyenne tension étant conjoint à la premiere décharge afin d'assurer l'apport du courant d'arc.Indeed, very high voltage energy is no longer transformed by a capacitive discharge on the primary of a transformer, but it is only a small part of the basic energy which is thus used to generate a very high voltage, this by capacitive discharge, additional energy, at medium voltage being combined with the first discharge in order to ensure the contribution of the arc current.

De cette manière le transformateur à très haute tension n'a plus qu'une puissance négligeable à transformer, la majeure partie de l'énergie transformée l'étant par un convertisseur classique à bon rendement: l'encombrement du transformateur THT classique disparait donc, et le rendement global devient satisfaisant.In this way, the very high voltage transformer has only a negligible power to transform, most of the energy transformed being by a conventional converter with good efficiency: the size of the conventional THT transformer therefore disappears, and the overall yield becomes satisfactory.

Selon une variante du dispositif, objet de l'invention, illustrée par la figure 1, ci-annexée, la sourçs d'alimentation continue est appliquée entre les bornes -3' et 3". Le courant issu de cette source est commande par l'interrupteur 1, lequel charge le condensateur de découplage 2. Un convertisseur de tension classique est alimenté par ladite sourçe: il comprend le transistor 6 protége par la diode 4, dont l'enroulement de sortie 10 est couple à l'enroulement de réaction 9, lequel assure l'entretien des oscillations par la fourniture d'un signal de commande sur la base du transistor 6, le calibrage de commande sur la base du transistor 6, le calibrage du courant étant réalisé par les résistances 8 et 5 associées à la diode 7. According to a variant of the device, object of the invention, illustrated by FIG. 1, attached hereto, the DC power source is applied between the terminals -3 ′ and 3 ". The current coming from this source is controlled by l switch 1, which charges the decoupling capacitor 2. A conventional voltage converter is supplied by said source: it comprises transistor 6 protected by diode 4, the output winding 10 of which is coupled to the reaction winding 9 , which ensures the maintenance of the oscillations by supplying a control signal on the base of the transistor 6, the control calibration on the base of the transistor 6, the current calibration being carried out by the resistors 8 and 5 associated with the LED 7.

Un enroulement secondaire 12 du transformateur 43 charge, par l'intermédiaire de la diode 13 le condensateur 24 lequel peut se decharger à travers le primaire 14 du transformateur à tres haute tension 23, suivant les applications par les moyens decrits sur les figures 2, 3 ou 4 qui suivent. La diode 25 montee en parallele sur le circuit de declenchement a pour role d'établir la double circulation du courant à la décharge.A secondary winding 12 of the transformer 43 charges, by means of the diode 13 the capacitor 24 which can be discharged through the primary 14 of the very high voltage transformer 23, according to the applications by the means described in FIGS. 2, 3 or 4 following. The diode 25 mounted in parallel on the trip circuit has the role of establishing the double circulation of current to the discharge.

Le moyen le plus simple pour obtenir une décharge est représenté sur la figure 4 il comprend un diac ou un sidac 40 dont les bornes 41c et 42c sont respectivement connectees aux bornes 41 et 42 de la figure 1. Cette solution fournit des impulsions dépendant de la constante de temps de charge du condensateur 24 à la tension de basculement de l'élément 40. Elle est applicable par exemple dans le cas d'un allumeur de briquet, d'un allumage de chaudiere de lampe a gaz, de l'amorçage d'une lampe a éclats, etc...The simplest way to obtain a discharge is shown in FIG. 4, it comprises a diac or a sidac 40 whose terminals 41c and 42c are respectively connected to terminals 41 and 42 in FIG. 1. This solution provides pulses depending on the charging time constant of the capacitor 24 at the switching voltage of the element 40. It is applicable for example in the case of a lighter igniter, an ignition of a gas lamp boiler, the ignition of a flashlight, etc ...

La figure 2 représente un moyen de déclenchement du dispositif de la figure 1. Ce moyen comporte le thyristor 26 dont les bornes 41a et 42a sont respectivement connectées aux bornes 41 et 42. Le pont de résistances 29 et 27 connecte entre la borne positive d'alimentation 44 et la masse assure le déclenchement de la gâchette dudit thyristor lorsque l'interrupteur 30 est en position d'ouverture, ceci correspondant a l'asservissement dudit interrupteur au cycle de fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne, par exemple. Le condensateur 28 a pour rôle d'éliminer d'éventuels parasites transitoires.FIG. 2 represents a means of triggering the device of FIG. 1. This means comprises the thyristor 26 whose terminals 41a and 42a are respectively connected to terminals 41 and 42. The bridge of resistors 29 and 27 connects between the positive terminal of power supply 44 and the ground ensures the triggering of the trigger of said thyristor when the switch 30 is in the open position, this corresponding to the control of said switch to the operating cycle of an internal combustion engine, for example. The capacitor 28 has the role of eliminating any transient interference.

Avec un tel dispositif il est donc possible de synchroniser la fourniture dudit signal à tres haute tension generé entre les bornes du secondaire 22 et appliqué entre les bornes de sortie 21' et 21".With such a device it is therefore possible to synchronize the supply of said very high voltage signal generated between the terminals of the secondary 22 and applied between the output terminals 21 'and 21 ".

Un autre dispositif de déclenchement du dispositif de la figure 1 est representé sur la figure 3, ci-annexee. Another device for triggering the device of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 3, appended hereto.

Ce dispositif comporte un thyristor 31 dont les bornes 41b et 42b sont respectivement connectées aux bornes 41 et 42 de la figure 1. Le déclenchement cyclique de ce thyristor est assuré par le multivibrateur constitué par le transistor unijonction programmable 32 associé au condensateur 37 et à la résistance 35 qui forment l'élément- a constante de temps du circuit, en association avec le pont des résistances 34 et 39. La borne positive 36 étant connectée à l'alimentation de la figure 1, le dispositif délivre sur la résistance 38 de charge de gâchette l'impulsion cyclique de déclenchement dont le temps de recurrence est ajustable en fonction des valeurs donnees à la résistance 35 et au condensateur 37.La résistance 33 est un élément sensible à un paramètre quelconque, lumière, température, etc..., elle permet d'asservir le declenchement du dipositif audit paramètre, ce qui permet d'envisager un allumeur à détection de flamme, un syteme d'allumage et de réallumage de chaudiere a gaz, etc...This device comprises a thyristor 31 whose terminals 41b and 42b are respectively connected to terminals 41 and 42 in FIG. 1. The cyclic triggering of this thyristor is ensured by the multivibrator constituted by the programmable unijunction transistor 32 associated with the capacitor 37 and the resistor 35 which form the element - a time constant of the circuit, in association with the bridge of resistors 34 and 39. The positive terminal 36 being connected to the power supply of FIG. 1, the device delivers on the load resistor 38 trigger trigger cyclic pulse whose recurrence time is adjustable according to the values given to the resistor 35 and to the capacitor 37. The resistor 33 is an element sensitive to any parameter, light, temperature, etc ..., it makes it possible to control the triggering of the device to said parameter, which makes it possible to envisage a flame detection igniter, a gas boiler ignition and re-ignition system, e tc ...

En l'absence de cette résistance sensible à un paramètre donné, le dispositif selon cette variante peut servir à alimenter une clôture électrique, un dispositif de lampe à éclats servant à la signalisation, etc...In the absence of this resistance sensitive to a given parameter, the device according to this variant can be used to power an electric fence, a flashing lamp device used for signaling, etc.

L'enroulement secondaire 12 sert donc, comme il vient d'être décrit à fournir une très haute tension entre les borne de sortie 21' et 21". La puissance de cette impulsion est pratiquement négligeable: elle n'autorise que le claquage d'un diélectrique.The secondary winding 12 therefore serves, as has just been described, to supply a very high voltage between the output terminals 21 'and 21 ". The power of this pulse is practically negligible: it only allows the breakdown of a dielectric.

L'énergie de l'impulsion va être fournie par l'enroulement secondaire 17 du transformateur 43. Le courant issu de cet enroulement est appliqué a un etage multiplicateur de tension, lequel comprend le condensateur 15 associé aux diodes 16 et 17 et au condensateur de stockage 18.The energy of the pulse will be supplied by the secondary winding 17 of the transformer 43. The current from this winding is applied to a voltage multiplier stage, which comprises the capacitor 15 associated with the diodes 16 and 17 and the capacitor of storage 18.

La tension disponible aux bornes dudit condensateur 18 est appliquee sur les bornes de sorties 21' et 21" à travers la channe de diodes 19, ... l9xn et à travers l'inductance 20. Cette chaine de diodes est établie pour tenir en inverse -une tension de crete au moins egale a la très haute tension dont on a besoin, ainsi, l'impulsion à tres haute tension fournie par l'enroulement 22 du transformateur 23 se trouve-t-elle amputée par cette chaine de diode de son alternance de faible amplitude, ce qui ne réduit pas pour autant l'amplitude de son alternance principale. L'inductance 20 a pour rôle de supprimer les effets des capacités reparties des diodes constituant ladite channe et d'éviter ainsi l'amortissement de l'impulsion à tres haute tension delivree par le secondaire 22.The voltage available at the terminals of said capacitor 18 is applied to the output terminals 21 ′ and 21 "through the chain of diodes 19, ... l9xn and through the inductor 20. This chain of diodes is set up to hold in reverse. -a peak voltage at least equal to the very high voltage which is needed, thus, the very high voltage pulse supplied by the winding 22 of the transformer 23 is it amputated by this diode chain of sound alternation of low amplitude, which does not reduce the amplitude of its main alternation Inductance 20 has the role of eliminating the effects of the distributed capacitances of the diodes constituting said channel and thus avoiding the damping of the very high voltage pulse delivered by secondary 22.

Ainsi, si l'on veut, par exemple générer un arc entre les bornes 21' et 21", suffit-il de charger le condensateur 18 à une tension superieure à la tension de maintien de l'arc que l'on veut engendrer, car a chaque charge du condensateur 24 par l'un des moyens énoncés plus haut, l'arc etant amorçé, la tension disponible entre les bornes du condensateur 18 suffit à maintenir le courant d'arc pendant la durée de charge du condensateur 18.Thus, if it is desired, for example to generate an arc between the terminals 21 ′ and 21 ", it suffices to charge the capacitor 18 at a voltage greater than the holding voltage of the arc which it is desired to generate, because at each charge of the capacitor 24 by one of the means mentioned above, the arc being struck, the voltage available between the terminals of the capacitor 18 is sufficient to maintain the arc current during the charge time of the capacitor 18.

En déconnectant ainsi, la fourniture du signal THT de la fourniture du signal de puissance est-il donc possible de ne faire appel qu'a un transformateur THT 23 de dimensions extremement reduites et de fournir le signal de puissance dans de bonnes conditions de rendement électrique.By thus disconnecting, the supply of the THT signal from the supply of the power signal is it therefore possible to use only a THT transformer 23 of extremely small dimensions and to supply the power signal under good conditions of electrical efficiency .

Le dispositif, objet de l'invention peut s'appliquer dans tous les cas ou l'on doit générer une impulsion électrique à très haute tension: allumage de briquet, allumage ou réallumage automatique de chaudiere, allumeur à détection de flamme, allumage de sourçe lumineuse à gaz, bobine électronique d'allumage, électrificateur de clôture, lampe de signalisation a éclats, etc... The device which is the subject of the invention can be applied in all cases where a very high voltage electric pulse must be generated: ignition of a lighter, automatic ignition or re-ignition of a boiler, igniter with flame detection, ignition of a source gas light, electronic ignition coil, fence energizer, flashing light, etc.

Comme il va de soi, et comme il resulte d'ailleurs de ce qui précède, l'invention ne se limite nullement aux modes de réalisation plus spécialement indiques, elle embrasse, au contraire, toutes les variantes.  As it goes without saying, and as it follows from the above, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiments more particularly indicated, it embraces, on the contrary, all the variants.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Dispositif convertisseur de tension alimenté 1. Voltage converter device supplied par une sourçe continue comportant un convertisseur de tension apte à charger et à décharger une capacité sur by a continuous source comprising a voltage converter capable of charging and discharging a capacity on le primaire d'un transformateur THT, the primary of a THT transformer, caracterise par le fait qu'au signal THT délivré characterized by the fact that at the THT signal delivered entre les bornes de sortie 21' et 21" se trouve additionné un signal de courant issu du secondaire 11 du transformateur 43 lequel courant se trouve stocké entre les bornes du condensateur 18 chargé par l'étage multiplicateur de tension constitué par le condensateur 15 associé aux diodes 16 et 17, ledit courant etant applique auxdites électrodes de sortie 21' et 21" par l'entremise d'une channe de diodes convenablement polarisees 19, ..., 19xn.  between the output terminals 21 'and 21 "is added a current signal from the secondary 11 of the transformer 43 which current is stored between the terminals of the capacitor 18 charged by the voltage multiplier stage constituted by the capacitor 15 associated with the diodes 16 and 17, said current being applied to said output electrodes 21 'and 21 "via a chain of suitably polarized diodes 19, ..., 19xn. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, 2. Device according to claim 1, caractérisé par le fait d'une inductance 20 est connectée en série avec la chaîne de diodes 19, 19xn.  characterized by the fact of an inductor 20 is connected in series with the chain of diodes 19, 19xn. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, 3. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, caractérise par le fait que l'élément de declenchement de ladite décharge capacitive est un diac ou un sidac connecté ent. e les bornes 41 et 42 du circuit characterized by the fact that the triggering element of said capacitive discharge is a diac or a sidac connected ent. e the terminals 41 and 42 of the circuit 4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, 4. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'élément de declenchement de ladite décharge capacitive est un thyristor 26 dont la gâchette se trouve polarisée par le pont des resistances 29 et 27, ce pont de résistances étant ou non inhibe par la position du contacteur de commande 30 monté en parallèle sur l'espace gâchette/cathode dudit thyristor. characterized by the fact that the triggering element of said capacitive discharge is a thyristor 26, the trigger of which is polarized by the bridge of resistors 29 and 27, this bridge of resistors being or not inhibited by the position of the control contactor 30 mounted in parallel on the trigger / cathode space of said thyristor. 5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, 5. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, caractérise par le fait que l'élément de déclenchement de ladite décharge capacitive est un thyristor 31 dont la gachette est commandée cycliquement par la conduction d'un multivibrateur tel qu'un unijonction programmable 32 associé au condensateur 37 et au réseau des résistances 35, 34, 39, une dernière résistance 33, sensible à un parametre donne, assurant l'inhibition dudit multivibrateur.  characterized by the fact that the triggering element of said capacitive discharge is a thyristor 31, the trigger of which is cyclically controlled by the conduction of a multivibrator such as a programmable junction 32 associated with the capacitor 37 and the network of resistors 35, 34 , 39, a last resistance 33, sensitive to a given parameter, ensuring the inhibition of said multivibrator.
FR8702731A 1987-02-24 1987-02-24 VHV power generator Pending FR2611327A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8702731A FR2611327A1 (en) 1987-02-24 1987-02-24 VHV power generator

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8702731A FR2611327A1 (en) 1987-02-24 1987-02-24 VHV power generator

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0628719A2 (en) * 1993-06-11 1994-12-14 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Ignition apparatus employing a lower voltage capacitor discharge self-triggering circuit
CN109393573A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-03-01 杭州拓尔微电子有限公司 New electronic cigarette control system

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2090484A (en) * 1980-12-31 1982-07-07 Mars Ltd Microwave equipment

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2090484A (en) * 1980-12-31 1982-07-07 Mars Ltd Microwave equipment

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0628719A2 (en) * 1993-06-11 1994-12-14 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Ignition apparatus employing a lower voltage capacitor discharge self-triggering circuit
EP0628719A3 (en) * 1993-06-11 1995-06-14 Lucas Ind Plc Ignition apparatus employing a lower voltage capacitor discharge self-triggering circuit.
US5621278A (en) * 1993-06-11 1997-04-15 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Ignition apparatus
CN109393573A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-03-01 杭州拓尔微电子有限公司 New electronic cigarette control system

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