EP0026531A1 - Starter for lamps such as discharge lamps - Google Patents

Starter for lamps such as discharge lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0026531A1
EP0026531A1 EP80200885A EP80200885A EP0026531A1 EP 0026531 A1 EP0026531 A1 EP 0026531A1 EP 80200885 A EP80200885 A EP 80200885A EP 80200885 A EP80200885 A EP 80200885A EP 0026531 A1 EP0026531 A1 EP 0026531A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
ignition voltage
fixed ignition
lamp
capacitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80200885A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Willy Urbain Georges Van Wymeersch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Umicore NV SA
Original Assignee
Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Charleroi SA
ACEC SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Charleroi SA, ACEC SA filed Critical Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Charleroi SA
Publication of EP0026531A1 publication Critical patent/EP0026531A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H05B41/04—Starting switches
    • H05B41/042—Starting switches using semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/044—Starting switches using semiconductor devices for lamp provided with pre-heating electrodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a starter for fluorescent lamps or other lamps which need a high ignition voltage to start them.
  • the object of the present invention is such an electronic starter of very simple design connected at only two points, particularly for lamps outside which must operate in unfavorable climatic conditions, for example in extreme cold and which can be switched on and off by many times a day. Lamps operating under such conditions deteriorate quickly and therefore must be replaced very often.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce as far as possible the deterioration of the electrodes of the lamps due to the ignitions and thus to obtain a saving in maintenance by the fact that the lamps have to be replaced less often.
  • the starter for lamps such as fluorescent lamps constituted by a circuit connected between the opposite electrodes of a lamp and comprising an arrangement for generating a succession of voltage pulses when the lamp is not started is characterized, according to the invention, in that the circuit connected to the two opposite electrodes of a lamp is constituted by a first winding of a transformer in series with a first element with fixed ignition voltage, of value lower than the peak value of the voltage d power supply of the lamp, in that, in parallel on said first element, a capacitor is arranged in series with a non-zero impedance device, letting pass one of the alternations of a charging current of the capacitor and in that the said capacitor is connected to a second winding of said transformer via an element with fixed ignition voltage of value lower than the fixed ignition voltage of said first 33.11 / 1777. element.
  • Figure 1 of the drawing shows an electrical diagram of a supply circuit of a fluorescent lamp comprising a starter according to the invention.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show variant elements of Figure 1.
  • a fluorescent lamp equipped with opposite electrodes 1 and 2 is connected via a ballast choke 3 and a capacitor in series 4 to a supply voltage network 5 of for example 220 V.
  • a starter comprising a circuit constituted by an element with fixed ignition voltage 6 in series with a first winding of a transformer, in this case an autotransformer equipped with three sockets 7,8,9.
  • this first winding is the entire winding between the sockets 7 and 9.
  • the element 6 is for example a power diac whose value of the starting voltage is lower than the peak value of the supply voltage, but higher than the value of the lamp arc reset voltage.
  • a preheating current flows through the electrodes 1 and 2 as soon as the lamp is energized.
  • the duration of the preheating current is determined by a capacitor 10 in series with a non-zero impedance device such as a diode in series with it a resistor 12.
  • the device 11, 12 passes an alternating current of a charging the capacitor 10.
  • the capacitor 10 is connected on the other hand via a fixed ignition voltage element 13 to a second winding of the transformer, in this case to the winding between the taps 8 and 9 of the autotransformer of FIG. 1.
  • the element with fixed ignition voltage 13 is also a power diac.
  • the re-ignition pulse of the lit lamp is relatively high and that occasional re-ignitions of the diac 6 or the triac 16 are to be feared, it is useful to shunt the first element with fixed ignition voltage by a resistor 18 whose impedance is low compared to the impedance of the first transformer winding for a frequency of the order of that of the lamp re-ignition pulse. In the latter case, it suffices to choose the ignition voltage of the first element greater than the average arc voltage of the lamp.
  • the operation of the starter described above with respect to FIG. 1 is as follows: when the supply voltage is switched on a preheating current flows through the first element 6 and simultaneously the capacitor 10 is charged. When the value of the voltage across the capacitor 10 reaches the ignition voltage of the second element 13, the capacitor 10 discharges through the second transformer winding and generates a pulse of voltage sufficient to strike the arc.
  • the time which elapses between the moment when the lamp is switched on and the ignition voltage pulse is established can be chosen by the value of the resistor 12 and of the capacitance of the capacitor 10 for example between a fraction of a second and several seconds.
  • the value and duration of the starting voltage pulse are also determined by the capacitance of the capacitor and the impedance and the number of turns of the second transformer winding relative to the number of turns of the first transformer winding.
  • a variable resistance element with the temperature having a coefficient of positive temperature.
  • Such an element suitably chosen, limits the preheating current to a fraction of its initial value when the lamp does not light after several attempts to start.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

Electronic starter in which the circuit connected to the two opposite electrodes of a lamp includes a first winding (7, 9) of a transformer in series with a first element (6, 16, 17) having fixed sparking voltage and a capacitor 10 disposed, on the one hand, in parallel with the first element (6, 16, 17) and in series with a device having non-zero impedance and, on the other hand, via a second element having fixed sparking voltage (13, 14, 15), in parallel with a second winding (8, 9) of the transformer. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un démarreur pour lampes fluorescentes ou autres lampes qui ont besoin d'une tension d'amorçage élevée pour les faire démarrer. Il existe déjà de nombreux démarreurs qui permettent d'engendrer une tension d'amorçage élevée par des moyens de commande électroniques. La présente invention a pour but un tel démarreur électronique de conception très simple raccordé en deux points seulement,particulièrement pour des lampes à l'extérieur qui doivent fonctionner dans des conditions climatiques défavorables, par exemple par grand froid et qui peuvent être allumées et éteintes de nombreuses fois par jour. Des lampes fonctionnant dans de telles conditions se détériorent rapidement et doivent donc être remplacées très souvent. L'invention a pour but de réduire au maximum la détérioration des électrodes des lampes due aux allumages et d'obtenir ainsi une économie d' entretien par le fait qu'il faut remplacer les lampes moins souvent.The present invention relates to a starter for fluorescent lamps or other lamps which need a high ignition voltage to start them. There are already many starters which make it possible to generate a high ignition voltage by electronic control means. The object of the present invention is such an electronic starter of very simple design connected at only two points, particularly for lamps outside which must operate in unfavorable climatic conditions, for example in extreme cold and which can be switched on and off by many times a day. Lamps operating under such conditions deteriorate quickly and therefore must be replaced very often. The object of the invention is to reduce as far as possible the deterioration of the electrodes of the lamps due to the ignitions and thus to obtain a saving in maintenance by the fact that the lamps have to be replaced less often.

Le démarreur pour lampes telles que lampes fluorescentes constitué par un circuit relié entre les électrodes opposées d'une lampe et comprenant un agencement pour engendrer une succession d'impulsions de tension lorsque la lampe n'est pas amorcée est caractérisé, suivant l'invention, en ce que le circuit relié aux deux électrodes opposées d'une lampe est constitué par un premier enroulement d'un transformateur en série avec un premier élément à tension d'amorçage fixe, de valeur plus faible que la valeur de crête de la tension d'alimentation de la lampe, en ce que, en parallèle sur le dit premier élément, un condensateur est disposé en série avec un dispositif à impédance non nulle, laissant passer une des alternances d'un courant de charge du condensateur et en ce que le dit condensateur est relié à un deuxième enroulement du dit transformateur via un élément à tension d'amorçage fixe de valeur inférieure à la tension d'amorçage fixe du dit premier 33.11/1777. élément.The starter for lamps such as fluorescent lamps constituted by a circuit connected between the opposite electrodes of a lamp and comprising an arrangement for generating a succession of voltage pulses when the lamp is not started is characterized, according to the invention, in that the circuit connected to the two opposite electrodes of a lamp is constituted by a first winding of a transformer in series with a first element with fixed ignition voltage, of value lower than the peak value of the voltage d power supply of the lamp, in that, in parallel on said first element, a capacitor is arranged in series with a non-zero impedance device, letting pass one of the alternations of a charging current of the capacitor and in that the said capacitor is connected to a second winding of said transformer via an element with fixed ignition voltage of value lower than the fixed ignition voltage of said first 33.11 / 1777. element.

L'invention est expliquée ci-dessous par rapport à un exemple d' une forme d'exécution avec allusions à quelques variantes, en se référant au dessin annexé. La figure 1 du dessin représente un schéma électrique d'un circuit d'alimentation d'une lampe fluorescente comprenant un démarreur suivant l'invention. Les figures 2 et 3 représentent des variantes d'éléments de la figure 1.The invention is explained below in relation to an example of an embodiment with allusions to some variants, with reference to the accompanying drawing. Figure 1 of the drawing shows an electrical diagram of a supply circuit of a fluorescent lamp comprising a starter according to the invention. Figures 2 and 3 show variant elements of Figure 1.

A la figure 1, une lampe fluorescente équipée des électrodes opposées 1 et 2 est reliée via une self de ballast 3 et un condensateur en série 4 à un réseau de tension d'alimentation 5 de par exemple 220 V. Entre les deux électrodes opposées 1 et 2 est relié un démarreur comprenant un circuit constitué par un élément à tension d'amorçage fixe 6 en série avec un premier enroulement d'un transformateur, en l'occurrence d'un autotransformateur équipé de trois prises 7,8,9. Dans l'exemple représenté ce premier enroulement est la totalité de l'enroulement entre les prises 7 et 9. L'élément 6 est par exemple un diac de puissance dont la valeur de la tension d'amorçage est plus faible que la valeur de crête de la tension d'alimentation, mais plus élevée que la valeur de la tension de réamorçage de l'arc de la lampe. De ce fait, lorsque la lampe n'est pas allumée, un courant de préchauffage circule à travers les électrodes 1 et 2 dès que la lampe est mise sous tension. La durée de ce courant de préchauffage est déterminée par un condensateur 10 en série avec un dispositif à impédance non nulle par exemple une diode Il en série avec une résistance 12. Ce dispo- sitif 11, 12 laisse passer une des alternances d'un courant de charge du condensateur 10. Le condensateur 10 est relié d'autre part via un élément à tension d'amorçage fixe 13 à un deuxième enroulement du transformateur, en l'occurrence à l'enroulement entre les prises 8 et 9 de l'autotransformateur de la figure 1. L'élément à tension d'amorçage fixe 13 est aussi un diac de puissance. Cependant, il est possible de remplacer le diac 13 par exemple par un circuit composé d'une diode Zener 14 et d'un thyristor 15 comme montré à la figure 2. Il est possible, mais moins avantageux de remplacer le diac 6 également par un montage suivant la figure 2. Une disposition plus avantageuse pour remplacer le diac de puissance 6 est montrée à la figure 3. Dans ce cas, un triac 16 est commandé par une résistance VDR, variable avec la tension 17. Un effet secondaire de ce circuit est que le courant de préchauffage nest pas tout à fait symétrique, puisque le triac 16 est bloqué pendant la charge du condensateur 10.In FIG. 1, a fluorescent lamp equipped with opposite electrodes 1 and 2 is connected via a ballast choke 3 and a capacitor in series 4 to a supply voltage network 5 of for example 220 V. Between the two opposite electrodes 1 and 2 is connected a starter comprising a circuit constituted by an element with fixed ignition voltage 6 in series with a first winding of a transformer, in this case an autotransformer equipped with three sockets 7,8,9. In the example shown, this first winding is the entire winding between the sockets 7 and 9. The element 6 is for example a power diac whose value of the starting voltage is lower than the peak value of the supply voltage, but higher than the value of the lamp arc reset voltage. Therefore, when the lamp is not lit, a preheating current flows through the electrodes 1 and 2 as soon as the lamp is energized. The duration of the preheating current is determined by a capacitor 10 in series with a non-zero impedance device such as a diode in series with it a resistor 12. The device 11, 12 passes an alternating current of a charging the capacitor 10. The capacitor 10 is connected on the other hand via a fixed ignition voltage element 13 to a second winding of the transformer, in this case to the winding between the taps 8 and 9 of the autotransformer of FIG. 1. The element with fixed ignition voltage 13 is also a power diac. However, it is possible to replace the diac 13 for example by a circuit composed of a Zener diode 14 and a thyristor 15 as shown in FIG. 2. It is possible, but less advantageous to replace the diac 6 also with a assembly according to FIG. 2. A more advantageous arrangement for replacing the power diac 6 is shown in FIG. 3. In this case, a triac 16 is controlled by a VDR resistor, variable with the voltage 17. A side effect of this circuit is that the current of preheating is not entirely symmetrical, since the triac 16 is blocked during charging of the capacitor 10.

Lorsque l'impulsion de réamorcage de la lampe allumée est relativement élevée et que des réallumages occasionnels du diac 6 ou du triac 16 sont à craindre, il est utile de shunter le premierélément à tension d'amorçage fixe par une résistance 18 dont l'impédance est faible par rapport à l'impédance du premier enroulement de transformateur pour une fréquence de l'ordre de celle de l'impulsion de réallumage de la lampe. Dans ce dernier cas, il suffit de choisir la tension d'amorçage du premier élément supérieur à la tension d'arc moyenne de la lampe.When the re-ignition pulse of the lit lamp is relatively high and that occasional re-ignitions of the diac 6 or the triac 16 are to be feared, it is useful to shunt the first element with fixed ignition voltage by a resistor 18 whose impedance is low compared to the impedance of the first transformer winding for a frequency of the order of that of the lamp re-ignition pulse. In the latter case, it suffices to choose the ignition voltage of the first element greater than the average arc voltage of the lamp.

Le fonctionnement du démarreur décrit ci-dessus par rapport à la figure 1 est le suivant: lors de l'enclenchement de la tension d'alimentation un courant de préchauffage circule à travers le premier élément 6 et simultanément le condensateur 10 se charge. Lorsque la valeur de la tension aux bornes du condensateur 10 atteint la tension d'amorçage du deuxième élément 13, le condensateur 10 se décharge à travers le deuxième enroulement de transformateur et engendre une impulsion de tension suffisante pour amorcer l'arc. Le temps qui s'écoule entre le moment de la mise sous-tension de la lampe et l'établissement de l'impulsion de tension d'amorçage peut être choisi par la valeur de la résistance 12 et de la capacité du condensateur 10 par exemple entre une fraction d'une seconde et plusieurs secondes. La valeur et la durée de l'impulsion de tension d'amorçage sont déterminées aussi par la capacité du condensateur et l'impédance et le nombre de spires du deuxième enroulement de transformateur par rapport au nombre de spires du premier enroulement de transformateur.The operation of the starter described above with respect to FIG. 1 is as follows: when the supply voltage is switched on a preheating current flows through the first element 6 and simultaneously the capacitor 10 is charged. When the value of the voltage across the capacitor 10 reaches the ignition voltage of the second element 13, the capacitor 10 discharges through the second transformer winding and generates a pulse of voltage sufficient to strike the arc. The time which elapses between the moment when the lamp is switched on and the ignition voltage pulse is established can be chosen by the value of the resistor 12 and of the capacitance of the capacitor 10 for example between a fraction of a second and several seconds. The value and duration of the starting voltage pulse are also determined by the capacitance of the capacitor and the impedance and the number of turns of the second transformer winding relative to the number of turns of the first transformer winding.

Il peut être avantageux, en outre d'insérer dans le circuit de préchauffage des électrodes I, 2, par exemple entre l'électrode et la borne 7 de l'autotransformateur 7, 8, 9 un élément résistant variable avec la température à coefficient de température positif . Un tel élément,convenablement choisi limite le courant de préchauffage à une fraction de sa valeur initiale lorsque la lampe ne s'allume pas après plusieurs tentatives d'amorçage.It may also be advantageous to insert into the preheating circuit electrodes I, 2, for example between the electrode and terminal 7 of the autotransformer 7, 8, 9, a variable resistance element with the temperature having a coefficient of positive temperature. Such an element, suitably chosen, limits the preheating current to a fraction of its initial value when the lamp does not light after several attempts to start.

Claims (7)

1) Démarreur pour lampes telles que lampes fluorescentes constitué par un circuit relié entre les électrodes (1,2) opposées d'une lampe et comprenant un agencement pour engendrer une succession d'impulsions de tension lorsque la lampe n'est pas amorcée,
caractérisé en ce que le circuit relié aux deux électrodes oppo- sees (1,2)d'une lampe est constitué par un premier enroulement (7,9) d'un transformateur en série avec un premier élément (6; 16,17) à tension d'amorçage fixe, de valeur plus faible que la valeur de crête de la tension d'alimentation de la lampe, en ce que, en parallèle sur le dit premier élément (6; 16, 17) un condensateur 10 est disposé en série avec un dispositif à impédance non nulle (11,12) laissant passer une des alternances d'un courant de charge du condensateur (10) et en ce que le dit condensateur (10) est relié à un deuxième enroulement (8,9) du dit transformateur via un élément à tension d'amorçage fixe (13; 14,15) de valeur inférieure à la tension d'amorçage fixe du dit premier élément (6; 16,17).1) Starter for lamps such as fluorescent lamps constituted by a circuit connected between the opposite electrodes (1,2) of a lamp and comprising an arrangement for generating a succession of voltage pulses when the lamp is not started,
characterized in that the circuit connected to the two opposite electrodes (1,2) of a lamp consists of a first winding (7,9) of a transformer in series with a first element (6; 16,17) with fixed ignition voltage, of lower value than the peak value of the lamp supply voltage, in that, in parallel on said first element (6; 16, 17) a capacitor 10 is arranged in series with a non-zero impedance device (11,12) allowing one of the alternations of a charge current from the capacitor (10) to pass and in that the said capacitor (10) is connected to a second winding (8,9) of said transformer via an element with fixed ignition voltage (13; 14,15) having a value lower than the fixed ignition voltage of said first element (6; 16,17). 2) Démarreur suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le transformateur est un autotransformateur.2) Starter according to claim 1, characterized in that the transformer is an autotransformer. 3) Démarreur suivant une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les éléments à tension d'amorçage fixe sont des diacs de puissance.3) Starter according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the elements with fixed ignition voltage are power diacs. 4) Démarreur suivant une des revendications 1 ou 2; caractérisé en ce que les éléments à tension d'amorçage fixe sont un thyristor commandé par une diode Zener.4) Starter according to one of claims 1 or 2; characterized in that the elements with fixed ignition voltage are a thyristor controlled by a Zener diode. 5) Démarreur suivant une des revendications 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que les éléments à tension d'amorçage fixe sont des triacs commandés par une résistance variable avec la tension.5) Starter according to one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the elements with fixed ignition voltage are triacs controlled by a variable resistor with the voltage. 6) Démarreur suivant une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément à tension d'amorçage fixe est shunté par une résistance.6) Starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first element with fixed ignition voltage is shunted by a resistor. 7) Démarreur suivant une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément résistant variable avec la température à coefficient de température positif est inséré dans le circuit de préchauffage des électrodes (1,2).7) Starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a variable resistance element with the temperature having a positive temperature coefficient is inserted in the electrode preheating circuit (1,2).
EP80200885A 1979-09-26 1980-09-22 Starter for lamps such as discharge lamps Withdrawn EP0026531A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE197333 1979-09-26
BE0/197333A BE879019A (en) 1979-09-26 1979-09-26 STARTER FOR LAMPS SUCH AS FLUORESCENT LAMPS

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EP0026531A1 true EP0026531A1 (en) 1981-04-08

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EP80200885A Withdrawn EP0026531A1 (en) 1979-09-26 1980-09-22 Starter for lamps such as discharge lamps

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3208364A1 (en) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-15 Osakeyhtiö Helvar, 00380 Helsinki Electronic starting device for gas-discharge lamps
FR2616613A1 (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-12-16 Dumas Pierre Semiconductor fluorescent bulb and tube ignition device
GB2210520A (en) * 1987-09-28 1989-06-07 Hubbell Inc Starting and operating circuit for a super compact fluorescent lamp

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2009442A1 (en) * 1969-03-22 1970-10-08 N.V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven (Niederlande) Circuit arrangement for the ignition and alternating current supply of a gas and / or vapor discharge lamp
DE2305926A1 (en) * 1972-02-07 1973-08-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd IGNITION DEVICE FOR DISCHARGE LAMPS
FR2289091A1 (en) * 1974-10-21 1976-05-21 Lampes Sa ELECTRONIC STARTER FOR DISCHARGE LAMP

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2009442A1 (en) * 1969-03-22 1970-10-08 N.V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven (Niederlande) Circuit arrangement for the ignition and alternating current supply of a gas and / or vapor discharge lamp
DE2305926A1 (en) * 1972-02-07 1973-08-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd IGNITION DEVICE FOR DISCHARGE LAMPS
FR2289091A1 (en) * 1974-10-21 1976-05-21 Lampes Sa ELECTRONIC STARTER FOR DISCHARGE LAMP

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3208364A1 (en) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-15 Osakeyhtiö Helvar, 00380 Helsinki Electronic starting device for gas-discharge lamps
FR2616613A1 (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-12-16 Dumas Pierre Semiconductor fluorescent bulb and tube ignition device
GB2210520A (en) * 1987-09-28 1989-06-07 Hubbell Inc Starting and operating circuit for a super compact fluorescent lamp

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Publication number Publication date
BE879019A (en) 1980-03-26

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