FR2587269A1 - Method and device for fixing facing elements on cellular plaster and panels obtained according to this method - Google Patents
Method and device for fixing facing elements on cellular plaster and panels obtained according to this method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2587269A1 FR2587269A1 FR8513666A FR8513666A FR2587269A1 FR 2587269 A1 FR2587269 A1 FR 2587269A1 FR 8513666 A FR8513666 A FR 8513666A FR 8513666 A FR8513666 A FR 8513666A FR 2587269 A1 FR2587269 A1 FR 2587269A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- facing
- plaster
- housing
- support plate
- anchor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/0833—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
- E04F13/0835—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
Abstract
Description
PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF DE FIXATION DE PAREMENTS SUR DU PLATRE
CELLULAIRE ET PANNEAUX OBTENUS SELON CE PROCEDE.METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FIXING SIDINGS ON PLASTER
CELLULAR AND PANELS OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS PROCESS.
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif de fixation d'un parement ou couche de protection sur la surface d'un matériau destiné en particulier, mais non exclusivement, à la fixation de parements sur du plâtre cellulaire ou sur tout autre matériau moulable.The subject of the present invention is a method and a device for fixing a facing or protective layer on the surface of a material intended in particular, but not exclusively, for fixing facing on cellular plaster or on any other material. moldable.
Le plâtre cellulaire est obtenu par introduction de bulles d'air dans le plâtre, lors du moulage de celui-ci. Il présente des qualités d'isolation thermique et phonique intéressantes, mais malheureusement, il est d'une résistance de 14 bars contre une résistance de 350 bars environ pour le béton. C'est à dire qutil est friable à l'ongle èt par suite peut être très aisément dégradé. Il ne peut, par suite être utilisé sans couche externe de protection ce qui a, jusqu'à présent, nui à sa diffusion généralisée.Cellular plaster is obtained by introducing air bubbles into the plaster during its molding. It has interesting thermal and sound insulation qualities, but unfortunately, it has a resistance of 14 bars against a resistance of around 350 bars for concrete. That is to say that it is friable with the nail and consequently can be very easily degraded. Consequently, it cannot be used without an external protective layer, which has hitherto hindered its widespread distribution.
On a cependant déjà utilisé des panneaux de plâtre cellulaire pour constituer les murs d'une construction, la solidité de celle-ci étant assurée par un ou des chaînages de béton coulé dans des saignées formées entre les panneaux ou à l'intérieur du plâtre. Mais, il est nécessaire de protéger la face externe de la construction par un revêtement plus dur. En raison de la friabilité du plâtre cellulaire, ce revêtement est appliqué par projection de "pierre liquide". Ce procédé nécessite la pose d'un treillis métallique contre la façade à protéger ce qui est une opération onéreuse.Cellular plaster panels have, however, already been used to constitute the walls of a construction, the solidity of the latter being ensured by one or more chains of concrete poured in grooves formed between the panels or inside the plaster. However, it is necessary to protect the external face of the construction with a harder coating. Due to the friability of cellular plaster, this coating is applied by spraying with "liquid stone". This process requires the installation of a wire mesh against the facade to be protected which is an expensive operation.
On connait, par ailleurs des colles permettant de coller une plaque de chlorure de polyvinyle sur la face d'une pierre.We also know of glues for sticking a polyvinyl chloride plate on the face of a stone.
Mais, en raison de la faible résistance de la surface du plâtre, il est impossible de fixer directement la plaque de
PVC sur le plâtre en vue de protéger la face externe de celui-ci d'une couche de pierres de parement. But, due to the low resistance of the plaster surface, it is impossible to directly fix the plate
PVC on the plaster in order to protect the external face of it from a layer of facing stones.
La présente invention a pour objet de pallier cet inconvénient et de permettre la fixation d'une couche de protection sur une construction en matériau moulable et friable tel que du plâtre cellulaire.The object of the present invention is to overcome this drawback and to allow the fixing of a protective layer on a construction made of moldable and brittle material such as cellular plaster.
Selon la présente invention, le procédé de fixation d'un parement sur la face extérieure d'un panneau de matériau moulable et friable est caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à - former dans une plaque support un logement; - coller le parement sur la plaque support - introduire dans ledit logement la tête d'une pièce d'ancrage; - couler le plâtre cellulaire autour de la pièce d'ancrage.According to the present invention, the method of fixing a facing on the outer face of a panel of moldable and friable material is characterized in that it consists in - forming a housing in a support plate; - glue the facing on the support plate - introduce into said housing the head of an anchor piece; - pour the cellular plaster around the anchor piece.
On réalise ainsi, une fixation mécanique du parement. La plaque support peut être collée contre le parement en usine dans des conditions qui n'existent jamais sur chantier. Les panneaux plâtre- parement sont ensuite coulés après introduction des pièces d'ancrage, également en usine, la couche de parement constituant une face du coffrage de coulée.This produces a mechanical fixing of the facing. The support plate can be glued against the siding in the factory under conditions that never exist on site. The plaster-facing panels are then poured after introduction of the anchoring parts, also in the factory, the facing layer constituting one face of the casting formwork.
L'un des avantages de l'invention est qu'elle permet, par un choix approprié du parement de retrouver un aspect de construction traditionnel La couleur et la nature des parements peuvent ainsi être modifiées à volonté. Dans le cas de parements en pierre, il est possible d'adapter la teinte de la pierre à celle qui est d'usage courant dans la région où la construction est effectuée.One of the advantages of the invention is that it makes it possible, by an appropriate choice of facing, to rediscover a traditional building appearance. The color and the nature of the facing can thus be modified at will. In the case of stone facing, it is possible to adapt the color of the stone to that which is in common use in the region where the construction is carried out.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la pièce d'ancrage comprend une tête pouvant s'insérer dans le logement de la plaque support, reliée par un corps longiligne à un pied présentant une grande surface par rapport à la section du corps. C'est le pied, qui inséré dans le plâtre va assurer l'ancrage de la pièce et par suite la solidité de la fixation, l'arrachement d'une telle ancre, au cours d'essais de résistance se traduisant par la formation d'un cône de rupture comme en soi connu. According to another characteristic of the invention, the anchoring piece comprises a head which can be inserted in the housing of the support plate, connected by a slender body to a foot having a large surface relative to the section of the body. It is the foot, which inserted into the plaster will ensure the anchoring of the part and consequently the solidity of the fixing, the tearing of such an anchor, during resistance tests resulting in the formation of 'a cone of rupture as known per se.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparattront au cours de la description qui va suivre d'un mode particulier de réalisation, donné uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en regard des dessins qui représentent: - La Fig.1, une tue en perspective de la plaque support; - La Fig.2, une vue en perspective de la pièce d'ancrage; - La Fig.3, l'assemblage des deux composants ci-dessus; - La Fig.4, un schéma montrant le moulage d'un panneau, le
parement étant introduit dans le moule;
Sur la Fig.1, la plaque support 1 , de forme générale carrée présente dans sa partie centrale un logement ou bossage 2 de forme générale tronconique. Au centre du bossage 2 est prévu un orifice 3 dans lequel débouche une rainure 4 formée dans la paroi latérale du tronc de conte.La plaque support 1 est, par exemple réalisée en Chlorure de polyvynile dans le cas où l'on désire que le parement soit en pierre ou en tout autre matériau pouvant être collé sur le parement. Dans le cas du
PVC, on sait qu'il est possible de coller de la pierre ou du marbre sur une telle plaque support avec la colle "NOVAFLEX
NK 42 avec durcisseur 455 B-" fabriquée par les Etablissements
ROUSSELO.Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent during the following description of a particular embodiment, given solely by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the drawings which represent: - FIG. 1, a killer in perspective of the support plate; - Fig.2, a perspective view of the anchor; - Fig.3, the assembly of the two components above; - Fig.4, a diagram showing the molding of a panel, the
facing being introduced into the mold;
In Fig.1, the support plate 1, of generally square shape has in its central part a housing or boss 2 of generally frustoconical shape. In the center of the boss 2 is provided an orifice 3 into which opens a groove 4 formed in the side wall of the story trunk. The support plate 1 is, for example made of polyvynil chloride in the case where it is desired that the facing either stone or any other material that can be glued to the facing. In the case of
PVC, we know that it is possible to stick stone or marble to such a support plate with "NOVAFLEX" glue
NK 42 with hardener 455 B- "manufactured by the Establishments
ROUSSELO.
L'adhérence de la plaque sur le support étant ainsi assurée, il faut solidariser cette plaque avec le plâtre cellulaire.The adhesion of the plate on the support being thus ensured, it is necessary to solidify this plate with the cellular plaster.
En raison de la friabilité du plâtre cellulaire, il n'est pas possible de fixer, ni le parement, ni même la plaque collée sur le parement directement sur la face externe du plâtre cellulaire. Afin de pallier cet inconvénient, on introduit dans le plâtre, au moment de sa coulée une ou plusieurs pièces d'ancrage ou ancres 10. Une telle ancre 10 est représentée sur la Fig.2, à titre d'exemple uniquement.Elle se compose d'une tige longitudinale 5 terminée à sa partie supérieure (sur le dessin) par un pied d'ancrage 6 et à sa partie inférieure par une tête d'ancrage 7. On a représenté en pointillés des collerettes 6a et 6b qui peuvent également être moulées, dans des plans sensiblement perpendiculaires à l'axe de la tige 5, afin d'assurer une meilleure prise de l'ancre à l'intérieur du plâtre.Le tête d'ancrage 7 présente une conformation spéciale destinée à permettre son encastrement à l'intérieur du bossage 2. A cet effet, la surface extérieure 8 présente une forme en hélice à pas très petit. La face avant 9 de la tête 7 peut ainsi pénétrer par l'échancrure 4 et, par un mouvement de pivotement d'un tour environ, la surface 8 se trouve emprisonnée à l'intérieur du bossage 2. C'est le contact entre ces deux surfaces qui va assurer la résistance mécanique de la liaison entre ancre et plaque support, c'est à dire, finalement, entre plâtre et parement.Il est bien entendu possible de prévoir sur le pied 7 une butée limitant la rotation de la tête dans le logement afin que toutes les ancres occupent une position identique par rapport aux plaQues supports mais, cette caractéristique n'est pas essentielle dans la mesure où la tête d'ancre arrive au contact de la surface externe de la plaque support 1.Due to the friability of the cellular plaster, it is not possible to fix either the facing or even the plate bonded to the facing directly on the external face of the cellular plaster. In order to overcome this drawback, one or more anchoring pieces or anchors 10 are introduced into the plaster, at the time of its casting. Such an anchor 10 is shown in FIG. 2, by way of example only. of a longitudinal rod 5 terminated at its upper part (in the drawing) by an anchoring foot 6 and at its lower part by an anchoring head 7. Dotted lines show flanges 6a and 6b which can also be molded, in planes substantially perpendicular to the axis of the rod 5, in order to ensure a better grip of the anchor inside the plaster. The anchor head 7 has a special conformation intended to allow its embedding at the interior of the boss 2. For this purpose, the outer surface 8 has a helical shape with a very small pitch. The front face 9 of the head 7 can thus penetrate through the notch 4 and, by a pivoting movement of about one turn, the surface 8 is trapped inside the boss 2. This is the contact between these two surfaces which will ensure the mechanical resistance of the connection between anchor and support plate, that is to say, finally, between plaster and facing. It is of course possible to provide on the foot 7 a stop limiting the rotation of the head in the housing so that all the anchors occupy an identical position relative to the support plates, but this characteristic is not essential insofar as the anchor head comes into contact with the external surface of the support plate 1.
Il serait possible de prévoir une autre forme de liaison entre l'ancre et la plaque support, par exemple du type à verrouillage en "T" ou à balonnette, mais celà conduirait à un surdimensionnement des ergots de fixation, bien que les efforts à transmettre ne soient pas, d'une manière générale, très importants puisqu'un parement est essentiellement peu épais.It would be possible to provide another form of connection between the anchor and the support plate, for example of the "T" locking type or with a balonnette, but this would lead to oversizing of the fixing lugs, although the forces to be transmitted are not, in general, very important since a facing is essentially thin.
Le pied 6 de la pièce d'ancrage, présente , de préférence, la forme represenRbe nurlaElg,2,En effet, il est nécessaire que le pied soit totalement enrobé par le plâtre et au cours du moulage, le plâtre pénètre dans les espaces creux du pied.The foot 6 of the anchor, preferably has the form represenRbe nurlaElg, 2, Indeed, it is necessary that the foot is completely coated with plaster and during molding, the plaster penetrates into the hollow spaces of the foot.
La longueur de la tige 5 dépend de la nature du plâtre et du poids des éléments de parement à soutenir. Les ancres 10 sont réalisées par exemple par injection d'une matière plastique courante telle que du polystyrène ou du polyéthylène. En tant que de besoin, il est possible de prévoir sur la tige 5 des collerettes supplémentaires (6a et 6b représentées en pointillés) pour accroître la qualité de la prise de l'ancre dans le plâtre. The length of the rod 5 depends on the nature of the plaster and the weight of the facing elements to be supported. The anchors 10 are produced for example by injection of a common plastic material such as polystyrene or polyethylene. If necessary, it is possible to provide additional rods on the rod 5 (6a and 6b shown in dotted lines) to increase the quality of the anchoring in the plaster.
La Fig.3, représente une pièce d'ancrage 10 dont la tête 7 est montée à l'intérieur du logement 2 de la plaque 1. En fait, selon l'invention, ce montage n'intervient qu'après collage de la plaque 1 sur le parement. Il est effectué en quelques secondes, avant introduction de l'ensemble ancre-parement dans le moule de coulée du plâtre.Fig.3 shows an anchor 10 whose head 7 is mounted inside the housing 2 of the plate 1. In fact, according to the invention, this assembly only occurs after bonding of the plate 1 on the facing. It is carried out in a few seconds, before introduction of the anchor-facing assembly into the plaster casting mold.
Une telle coulée est représentée- schématiquement sur la
Fig.4. Dans ce mode de réalisation, le moule est vertical. On distingue sur cette Fig. le parement 12 sur lequel a été disposé une couche de colle 11 dont l'épaisseur est exagérée et qui peut être, soit continue, soit discontinue. Sur la couche de colle 11, sont réparties des plaques support 1, ici au nombre de quatre. Bien entendu, le nombre d'ancrages sur chaque panneau dépend des dimensions de celui-ci. Dans le cas représenté, le parement forme une des parois verticales du coffrage 14 dont les autres faces sont représentées par des traits interrompus. Si nécessaire, il est possible de prévoir, sur au moins certaines des ancres 10 un prolongement 13 de la tige 5 prolongement -qui joue le rôle d'écarteur pour assurer un positionnement répétitif automatique des différents constituants des panneaux. Du plâtre à l'état liquide, incluant des bulles d'air est alors introduit dans le coffrage 14 et le panneau peut être démoulé au bout d'un certain temps, après quoi on procède à son séchage.Such a flow is shown schematically on the
Fig. 4. In this embodiment, the mold is vertical. In this Fig. the facing 12 on which a layer of adhesive 11 has been placed, the thickness of which is exaggerated and which may be either continuous or discontinuous. On the adhesive layer 11 are distributed support plates 1, here four in number. Of course, the number of anchors on each panel depends on the dimensions thereof. In the case shown, the facing forms one of the vertical walls of the formwork 14, the other faces of which are represented by broken lines. If necessary, it is possible to provide, on at least some of the anchors 10, an extension 13 of the rod 5 extension -which acts as a spacer to ensure automatic repetitive positioning of the various components of the panels. Plaster in the liquid state, including air bubbles is then introduced into the formwork 14 and the panel can be removed from the mold after a certain time, after which it is dried.
Bien entendu, le procédé selon l'invention pourrait être mis en oeuvre avec un matériau non moulable1 mais la pose des ancres nécessiterait que des trous soient percés et que lesdites ancres soient démontables.Of course, the method according to the invention could be implemented with a non-moldable material1 but the installation of the anchors would require that holes be drilled and that said anchors are removable.
Il va de soi que de nombreuses variantes peuvent être introduites notamment par substitution de moyens techniquement équivalents sans pour autant sortir du cadre be l'invention. It goes without saying that many variants can be introduced in particular by substitution of technically equivalent means without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8513666A FR2587269B1 (en) | 1985-09-16 | 1985-09-16 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FIXING SIDINGS ON CELLULAR PLASTER AND PANELS OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS METHOD |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8513666A FR2587269B1 (en) | 1985-09-16 | 1985-09-16 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FIXING SIDINGS ON CELLULAR PLASTER AND PANELS OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS METHOD |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2587269A1 true FR2587269A1 (en) | 1987-03-20 |
| FR2587269B1 FR2587269B1 (en) | 1991-05-03 |
Family
ID=9322923
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8513666A Expired - Fee Related FR2587269B1 (en) | 1985-09-16 | 1985-09-16 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FIXING SIDINGS ON CELLULAR PLASTER AND PANELS OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS METHOD |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2587269B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2617221A1 (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1988-12-30 | Etanco Ateliers L R | CAP WITH SPACER FOR MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING COVERINGS |
| EP0502302A1 (en) * | 1991-03-02 | 1992-09-09 | fischerwerke Artur Fischer GmbH & Co. KG | Plastic facing anchor |
| WO2006125562A1 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-11-30 | Xella Baustoffe Gmbh | Fastening device |
| WO2014185911A1 (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-11-20 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Cast-in fittings for concrete components and support chairs therefor |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE526056A (en) * | ||||
| FR333810A (en) * | 1903-07-13 | 1903-12-04 | Plate Glass Brick Company | Improvements applicable to bricks |
| GB191329364A (en) * | 1913-12-20 | 1914-10-22 | Pilkinston S Tile And Pottery | Improvements in Means for Affixing Tiles to Concrete, Cement, or similar Substances. |
| US2162695A (en) * | 1938-05-04 | 1939-06-20 | Sr John B Boyd | Tile |
| FR1322205A (en) * | 1962-02-09 | 1963-03-29 | Prefabrication process of composite blocks and blocks obtained according to this process | |
| GB1091700A (en) * | 1966-02-04 | 1967-11-22 | Baxenden Chemical Company Ltd | Method of fixing foamed resins to rigid supports |
| FR2319752A1 (en) * | 1975-08-01 | 1977-02-25 | Papke Harald | DEVICE FOR FIXING LOADS IN REINFORCED CONCRETE WORKS |
| GB2137254A (en) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-03 | Int Housing Ltd | Insulated concrete wall with integral tie rods |
| CH657652A5 (en) * | 1982-09-23 | 1986-09-15 | Wolfgang Schugk | Retainer for fastening insulating fibre mats - consists of plate with barbed plug inserted into mat |
-
1985
- 1985-09-16 FR FR8513666A patent/FR2587269B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE526056A (en) * | ||||
| FR333810A (en) * | 1903-07-13 | 1903-12-04 | Plate Glass Brick Company | Improvements applicable to bricks |
| GB191329364A (en) * | 1913-12-20 | 1914-10-22 | Pilkinston S Tile And Pottery | Improvements in Means for Affixing Tiles to Concrete, Cement, or similar Substances. |
| US2162695A (en) * | 1938-05-04 | 1939-06-20 | Sr John B Boyd | Tile |
| FR1322205A (en) * | 1962-02-09 | 1963-03-29 | Prefabrication process of composite blocks and blocks obtained according to this process | |
| GB1091700A (en) * | 1966-02-04 | 1967-11-22 | Baxenden Chemical Company Ltd | Method of fixing foamed resins to rigid supports |
| FR2319752A1 (en) * | 1975-08-01 | 1977-02-25 | Papke Harald | DEVICE FOR FIXING LOADS IN REINFORCED CONCRETE WORKS |
| CH657652A5 (en) * | 1982-09-23 | 1986-09-15 | Wolfgang Schugk | Retainer for fastening insulating fibre mats - consists of plate with barbed plug inserted into mat |
| GB2137254A (en) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-03 | Int Housing Ltd | Insulated concrete wall with integral tie rods |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2617221A1 (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1988-12-30 | Etanco Ateliers L R | CAP WITH SPACER FOR MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING COVERINGS |
| EP0297956A1 (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1989-01-04 | L.R. Etanco | Fastening head with spacer used in the covering of various buildings |
| EP0502302A1 (en) * | 1991-03-02 | 1992-09-09 | fischerwerke Artur Fischer GmbH & Co. KG | Plastic facing anchor |
| WO2006125562A1 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-11-30 | Xella Baustoffe Gmbh | Fastening device |
| WO2014185911A1 (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-11-20 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Cast-in fittings for concrete components and support chairs therefor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2587269B1 (en) | 1991-05-03 |
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