FR2583992A1 - MOLDING APPARATUS, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE MILLING OF SUGAR CANE - Google Patents

Abstract

THIS APPLIANCE CONSISTS OF TWO LOWER CASINGS 1 SUPPORTING A SUPPLY CYLINDER 2 FOR THE ROD AND A BAGASS EXHAUST CYLINDER 3 ARRANGED SIDE BY SIDE, TWO UPPER CASINGS 6 SUPPORTING AN UPPER CYLINDER 7 PARALLEL TO THE CYLINDERS, AND A PREVIOUS CYLINDER 6 13 PARALLEL TO THE UPPER CYLINDER LOCATED BETWEEN THE SUPPLY SIDES OF THE ROD BEING SUPPORTED BY THE UPPER CASINGS BY MEANS OF SPHERICAL BEARINGS 14, AND TWO JACKS 16 SERVING TO PUSH THE SPHERICAL BEARINGS TOWARDS THE UPPER CYLINDER. APPLICATION ESPECIALLY TO MILLS FOR EXTRACTING LIQUID FROM THE SUGAR CANE AND FOR CRUSHING THE PULP.

Description

: 1 Molding apparatus, used in particular for the crushing of the cane

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for

  molding that can be used to extract the liquid from the can

  no sugar and for grinding the pulp.

  A conventional molding apparatus has a cy-

  feed liner and a bagasse cylinder, which are

  side-by-side in the lower part of a car-

  ter, an upper cylinder being arranged parallel to the

  two cylinders, in the upper part of the housing,

  and an upstream cylinder disposed in a fixed position

  parallel to said upper cylinder, in the upper part

crankcase.

  The upstream cylinder is used simply for

  accelerate the feeding of a material to be crushed

like molding.

  However, if a material to be milled is fed with a non-uniform layer thickness between the upstream roll and the top roll, uniform widthwise compression can not be achieved over the entire length of the upstream roll, since the latter is placed in a fixed position, which poses a problem. Another problem lies in the fact that the loading force produced by the upstream cylinder is very low, usually being between ten and twenty tons, which makes it impossible to obtain uniform grinding. An object of the present invention is to provide a molding apparatus for solving problems

  previously mentioned of the prior art and which is

  in such a way that the compression force produced by the upstream cylinder is uniform over the width range corresponding to the total length of the cylinder, and is very high.

  In order to achieve the objective mentioned above,

  The invention provides an arrangement comprising a

  number of lower housings designed to support the

  opposite directions of a feed cylinder and a cylinder

  with bagasse, which are arranged side by side, a pair of upper housings for supporting the opposite ends of an upper cylinder which is parallel to said two cylinders, an upstream cylinder disposed parallel to said upper cylinder between the feed sides material of said two upper housings and supported by said two upper housings by means of spherical bearings, and a pair of jacks for

  pushing said two spherical bearings toward said cy-

upper lindre.

  In the arrangement described above, the cylinders

  are actuated according to the layer thickness (quan-

  tity) of a material to be crushed so as to bring

  expensive and remove the upstream cylinder from the upper cylinder.

  In this case, since the upstream cylinder is connected

  at its opposite ends, to the cylinders via the spherical bearings, the distance between

  the upstream cylinder and the upper cylinder can be

  independently, at the opposite ends

  of the upstream cylinder. So a material to be

  can be precompressed in width over the entire

  due to the length of the upstream cylinder. In addition, since

  the opposite ends of the upstream cylinder are

  pushed to the upper cylinder by the cylinders respec-

  the material can be compressed with an inten-

is.

  Other features and advantages of the pre-

  invention will emerge from the description given

  hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a plan view of the first embodiment; FIG. 3 is a front view of a second embodiment of the invention;

  FIG. 4 is a front view of a third

  me embodiment of the invention;

  FIG. 5 is a plan view of the third

  me embodiment of the invention; Fig. 6 is a view for explaining the operation of the third embodiment; FIG. 7 is a view showing a working vector relating to the third embodiment;

  FIG. 8 is a front view of a fourth

me form of realization;

  FIG. 9 is a plan view of the fourth

me form of realization; and

  FIG. 10 is a view for explaining

  the functioning of the fourth form of

tion.

  Figures 1 and 2 represent a first

embodiment of the invention.

  In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes

  a couple of lower housings used to support a

  feed liner 2 and a bagasse cylinder 3,

  side-by-side, through bearings 4 and 5, said feed cylinder 2 being supported in a slightly lower position relative to the cylinder to

  bagasse 3. Reference 6 designates a couple of housings su-

  to support an upper cylinder 7

  to the two cylinders 2 and 3 so that it can be raised and lowered, said upper housings being connected so as to be pivotable at their

  lower ends on the lower housings 1,

  be the two cylinders 2 and 3, via all

  (trunnion joints) 8. The reference 9 de-

  sign first two hydraulic cylinders installed in the

  upper housings 6; they keep the extremities op-

  of the shaft of the upper cylinder 7 through the

  10 are raised and lowered relative to the upper casing 6, and serve to properly push the upper cylinder 7 towards

  the bottom. Reference 11 designates a pair of oscillating arms

  lants, which are pivotably attached to the side surfaces of the feed sides of the material of the upper housings 6 via pins 12; they support the opposite ends of the shaft of a

  upstream cylinder 13 arranged parallel to the upper cylinder

  The reference designates a pair of brackets which extend from the insertion sides of the rods of the lower housings 1

  and reference numeral 16 designates two second hydraulic cylinders

  mounted between the consoles 15 and the lower ends

  oscillating arms 11 through all

  17, 18. The second hydraulic cylinders 16 serve

  pivoting the oscillating arms 11 so as to bring the

  expensive and to remove the upstream cylinder 13 from the upper cylinder

7.

  We will now describe the operation of the

  above-mentioned device by considering the cane

  created as an example of a material to be ground.

  The rod can be introduced between the upstream cylinder 13 and the upper cylinder 7, and the upstream cylinder 13 is pushed back an appropriate distance in the direction

  of the upper cylinder 7 by the two second hydraulic cylinders

  16. Since the upstream cylinder 13 is suppor-

  by the swinging arms 11 via the arms

  Spherical lighters 14, the distance between the upstream cylinder

  13 and the upper cylinder 7 is internally adjusted

  dependent at the opposite ends of the cylinder

  upstream 13, in accordance with the thickness of the layer of can-

  which is introduced, so that a pre-compression

  cane and a preparatory extraction of the juice can

  should be carried out uniformly in the sense of

  width over the entire length of the upstream cylinder 13.

  Then the cane is inserted between the cylinder

  2 and the upper cylinder 7. At this point the upper cylinder 7 is pushed downwards by the first hydraulic cylinders 9, which regulates the compression force exerted between the upper cylinder 7 and

  the feed cylinder 2 and between the upper cylinder

  7 and the bagasse cylinder 3. Simultaneously the loading force exerted by the second hydraulic cylinders

  16 is transmitted to the upper cylinder 7 via

  of the upstream cylinder 13 and then becomes a part of the compressive force exerted between the upper cylinder 7 and the bagasse cylinder 3. The compressed rod, whose juice is extracted, is pushed back between the cylinder

  upper 7 and the bagasse cylinder 3.

  Figure 3 shows a second form of

  of the invention. The reference 19 designates a pair of stops respectively fixed at the lower ends

  11. Reference 20 designates

  Adjustment lining elements respectively bolted to the front ends of the stop devices 19. Reference 21 designates abutments for the stops, which are

  associated with the stops 19 and are fixed on the upper housings

  6. The rest of the layout is the same as the one

  of the first embodiment.

  We will now describe the operation of the

  device indicated previously. The cane, which is a

  the material to be ground is introduced between the upstream cylinder 13 and the upper cylinder 7, and the upstream cylinder 13 is pushed, for a suitable distance, towards the upper cylinder 7 by the second cylinders 16. If the introduced rod is abnormal of such that it is no longer present between the upper cylinder 7 and the upstream cylinder 13, the upstream cylinder 13 is moved in an additional manner towards the upper cylinder 7 and the

  feed cylinder 2 until the stops 19 have come

  are in abutment against their supports 21 through the adjusting lining elements 20. As a result, the minimum necessary clearance between the upper cylinder 7 and the upstream cylinder 13 is guaranteed. Thus a contact between the upstream cylinder 13 and the upper cylinder 7 is avoided,

  which never causes any difficulty for the introduction

  duction of the cane. Moreover, since the game

  being the upstream cylinder 13 and the upper cylinder 7 is

  constant irrespective of the angle of inclination of the

  6, the introduction of the rod is carried out uniformly. When the stops 19 come into contact with their supports 21, the system defined by the housings 6, the oscillating arms 11 and a second hydraulic cylinder has a degree of freedom equal to 1. Thus, even if the second hydraulic cylinders 16 are deployed, the upstream cylinder 13 rotates in concert with the upper housings 6 around

  the axes of the trunnions 8, away from the feed cylinder

  2. In addition, the layer thickness of the cane

  between the upper cylinder 7 and the feed cylinder

  2 also contributes to keeping the distance between the upstream cylinder 13 and the feed cylinder 2 at a suitable value. This prevents contact between the

  upstream cylinder 13 and the feed cylinder 2, which

  in the same direction and therefore protect both cylinders from damage; note that the fact

  that they turn in the same direction means that in the

  their maximum approximation, their peripheral points

  respective issues move in opposite directions. In-

  re, the minimum necessary clearance set by the stops 19 is adjusted by means of the replacement of the trim elements

setting 20.

  Figures 4 & 7 show a third

embodiment of the invention.

  In FIGS. 4 to 7, the two lower housings

  1 support the feed cylinder 2 to a

  slightly smaller than that of the bagasse cylinder 3. The journals 8 which constitute a pivot axis for the upper housings 6 are each positioned on

  a line c inclined 5-7 to the axis of the cy-

  upper linder 7, towards the bagasse cylinder 3, with respect to a perpendicular b lowered from the axis of the upper cylinder 7 to the midpoint of a straight line a connecting the centers of the feed cylinder

2 and the bagasse cylinder 3.

  Reference 22 designates a pair of thirds

  hydraulic cylinders installed via all

  25 and 26 between the raised parts formed on the discharge sides of the material of the lower housings 1, and the projecting lateral consoles 24 formed on the discharge sides of the material of the upper housings.

  6. The third hydraulic jacks 22 act manually.

  The distance between the journals 8 and 26 is equal to twice the distance between the point.

  the action of the upper cylinder 7 on the cylinder

se 3 and the trunnion 8.

  The feed sides of the material of the upper housings 6 are provided with a pair of protruding housings 27. The second hydraulic cylinders 16 are installed inside the protruding housings 27 and are connected

  to spherical bearings 14 which can slide inside the

crankcase 27.

  In the apparatus shown in Figs. 4 and other parts than those described above are the same as those shown on the first and second

embodiments.

B3992

  In such an arrangement, the cane, which is a

  the material to be ground is introduced between the upstream cylinder 13 and the upper cylinder 7, as indicated by a

  arrow, and the crushed cane is pushed back into the space

  caught between the bagasse cylinder 3 and the upper cylinder 7. The third hydraulic cylinders 22 retract

  the upper housings 6, thereby producing a

  it's quite high compression. In addition, the second

  the hydraulic cylinders 16repousser the upstream cylinder 13 in di-

  of the upper cylinder, which has the effect of

  loading force exerted by the second hydraulic cylinders

  16 is transmitted to the upper cylinder 7 by means of

  intermediate of the upstream cylinder 13, then intervenes as part of the compressive force acting between the upper cylinder 7 and the bagasse cylinder 3. This is why, in accordance with the present apparatus, the loading force exerted by the second hydraulic cylinders 7 is very effective in the compression

  material to be ground. In addition, the fact

  the upstream cylinder 13 to the upper cylinder 7

  draws a reduction in the contact pressure between the upper casing and the bearings (bearing boxes) 10 for

  the upper cylinder 7 and therefore the friction loss

  is reduced accordingly. As a result,

  The bearings 10 can be raised and lowered in a single

  As the journals 8 supporting the upper housings 6 are located on the side which is closer to the bagasse cylinder 3 than the feed cylinder 2, a particular loading force is obtained. intense between the

  upper cylinder 7 and the bagasse cylinder 3.

  We will now describe the difference between the case where the fixing position of the! trunnion 8 is simply at the midpoint of the line connecting the

  centers of the feed cylinder 2 and the feed cylinder

2583 92

  Gasse 3 (hereinafter referred to as the first case) and the case where this position is on the right c as described above (hereinafter referred to as

second case).

  The first box is shown schematically in Figure 6. All the symbols used in this figure correspond to a vector notation. In this figure, we have

FM + F4 + FTB = FF + FB

  In this relationship, FM can not be increased sufficiently with respect to FF. That's why, in

  in some cases, FTB should be increased to some degree.

  The second case is shown schematically in Figure 7. In this figure, the reference 28 designates the force FM exerted by the first hydraulic cylinder 9; 29 denotes the force F4 - FTB applied to the bagasse cylinder 3 by the upstream cylinder 13 via the upper cylinder 7; 30 denotes the resultant force between FM and

  F4 - FTB; 31 denotes a component of the force 30 in di-

  rection of the feed cylinder 2; and 32 denotes a component of the force 30 in the direction of the bagasse cylinder 3. The force components in the direction

  of the feed cylinder 2 and in the direction of the

  bagasse 3 in the first case are designated by the references 33 and 34 and are represented by lines

  made of dashes. As is evident from this

  In the second case, compared to the first case, the compression force acting on the bagasse cylinder 3 is significantly increased. When comparing these cases in

  the same conditions, we obtain the following results.

  Compressive force Compressive force acting on the side acting on the side

  from the feed cylinder to the bag-

  tation 2 se 3 First case 1 2 Second case 1: 3 Ideally, this ratio should be close to 1: 3. In this regard, the present embodiment of the invention is very satisfactory in that even in the case where the lateral pressure acting on the bearings 10 is zero, a ratio of 1: 3 can be obtained. Moreover, the reason for inclining the line c of 5-7 is that, if the angle is less than 5, no remarkable effect can be obtained, whereas if it exceeds 7 , the balance of forces between cylinders does not exist

more.

  Therefore, in accordance with the third

  embodiment, the compressive force acting between the upper cylinder 7 and the feed cylinder 2

  and the compressive force acting between the cylinder

  7 and the bagasse cylinder 3 can be

  independently. Therefore, the compressive capacity on the feed side of the material, which is a very important factor for the molding apparatus, is protected against any influence on the discharge side of the material, resulting in As a result, the compressive capacity of the apparatus can be greatly increased as a whole. In addition, the fact of providing the pair of third hydraulic cylinders 22 makes it possible to apply a high compressive force to the side

  feeding material or the discharge side of the material

  terial. In addition, since the pair of second hydraulic cylinders 16 which serve to push the upstream cylinder 13 towards the upper cylinder 7 is provided, the balance of forces between the cylinders can be maintained, and it is possible to obtain uniform upward and downward movements of the upper cylinder 7, which

  helps improve compression performance. In-

  The maintenance of the upper and protruding housings 6 and 27 can be easily achieved by the removal of the journals 8. In addition, since the journals 8 for supporting the upper housings 6 are located in a position closer to the bagasse cylinder. 3 that of the supply cylinder 2, one can obtain a particularly intense compressive force on the side of the bagasse cylinder. Figures 8 to 10 show a fourth embodiment of the invention. The device complies with this

  fourth embodiment is of a similar arrangement

  to that corresponding to the third form of reali-

  described above, but differs as regards

  identifies the positional relationship between cylinders 2, 3 and

  7 and the pins 8. In particular, in the case of

  In accordance with the present invention, the feed cylinder

  2 is placed at the same level as the cylinder

  bagasse 3, while the upper cylinder 7 is

  vertically above the trunnion 8. As a representative

  In FIG. 10, the distance L2 between the journals 8 and 26 is twice the distance L1 between the action point A, at which the upper cylinder 7 acts on the bagasse cylinder 3, and the journals 8. ,

  as in the case of the third embodiment of

  written above. In addition, reference numeral 35 in FIG. 8 designates a tensioner-type adjustment mechanism which

  used to adjust the angle of a turntable (not shown

sented).

  In the case of this arrangement, the cane, which is a material to be ground, is introduced from the feed roll 2, as indicated by an arrow, and the crushed cane is discharged by the bagasse roll 3. The third hydraulic cylinders 22 pull the upper casings towards the bagasse cylinder 3, which

  which makes it possible to obtain the state represented in FIG.

  In this figure, the symbols are as follows: Fco: traction force exerted on the upper casing 6 by the third hydraulic cylinder 22 FT PT: compressive force exerted by the first hydraulic cylinder 9

  Fc: compressive force exerted on the upper cylinder

  7 by Fco F: resultant (compressive force of the material) from FT

and Fc.

  L2 Thus, since we have Fc = L- x Fco, Fc is equal to more than twice Fco, so that we can

  obtain an extremely high compression force.

Claims (15)

  1. Molding apparatus, characterized in that   comprises a pair of inner housings (1) serving to   bear the opposite ends of a food cylinder   (2) and a bagasse cylinder (3) which are arranged side by side, a pair of upper housings (6) serving   to support the opposite ends of a higher cylinder   (7), which is parallel to said two cylinders, an upstream cylinder (13) arranged parallel to said cylinder   between the material feed sides of the   two upper housings (6) and supported by these   by means of spherical bearings (14), and a pair of cylinders (16) for repelling said   two spherical bearings in the direction of the upper cylinder.   Molding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper housings (6) are connected so as to be pivotable at their   lower ends on the lower housings (1).   Molding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the spherical bearings (14) are supported by swing arms (11) attached to the sides   feeding the material of the upper housings (6).   4. Molding apparatus according to claim   3, characterized in that the cylinders (16) are installed   between the feed sides of the crankcase material   (1) and the pivoting ends of the oscillating arms lants (11).   5. Molding apparatus according to claim   3, characterized in that a stop (19), able to come bu-   against each upper casing (6), is fixed on each as oscillating arm (11).   6. Molding apparatus according to claim, characterized in that a stop abutment (21), against which each stop (19) abuts, is fixed on each upper housing (6).   Molding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a trim element   (20) is fixed on the front end of each stop (19).   Molding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that a projecting housing (27) is   on the feed side of the material of each car-   ter (6) and that a spherical bearing (14) suitable for   slide towards the upper cylinder (7), and a   rin (16) for pushing said spherical bearing towards   the upper cylinder are housed in said housing lant (27).   9. Molding apparatus according to claim   2, in which cylinders (22) for pushing back the ex-   trenches of the upper cylinder shaft towards the   the lower casings are installed in the upper casings   laughing. Molding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein cylinders (22) for pivoting the upper housings (6) about the journal pins (8) are installed between the discharge sides of the material of the lower housings (1). and the discharge sides of the   material of the upper housings (6).   11. Molding apparatus according to claim   , characterized in that the lower housings (1) sup-   carry the feed cylinder (2) to a light level-   lower than that of the bagasse cylinder (3), while the journals (8) providing a pivot axis for the upper casings (6) are each arranged on   a second straight line (c) inclined to the axis of the cy-   upper liner (7) in the direction of the bagasse cylinder   (3), with respect to a perpendicular (b) lowered from the center   from the upper cylinder to the midpoint of a first   right (a) connecting the centers of the feed cylinder tation and the bagasse cylinder.   Molding apparatus according to claim E583,92   11, characterized in that the angle of inclination of a segment   right (c) is equal to 5-7 in relation to the   (b) lowered from the center of the upper signal   laughing. Molding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance (L2) between the trunnion   (8) constituting a pivot axis for the upper casing   the part of the cylinder (22), which rotates the car-   higher ter around said pin and which is connected   at the upper casing, is greater than twice the dis-   (L1) between the trill and the point of action (A) at the level of   which the upper cylinder (7) acts on the cylinder to gasse (3).   Molding apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the feed roller (2) and the bagasse roller (3) are located at the same level, the pin (8) is arranged halfway between the supply cylinder and the bagasse cylinder and that the cylinder   upper part (7) is arranged vertically above the rillon (8).   15. Molding apparatus, characterized in that   comprises a pair of lower housings (1) serving to   bear the opposite ends of a food cylinder   tion (2) and a bagasse cylinder (3), which are   side-by-side, a couple of upper casings (6)   carrying the opposite ends of an upper cylinder (7) which is parallel to said two cylinders and is pivotably mounted between the two cylinders, by means of journals, in the lower housings (1), that   a pair of cylinders (9) installed inside said cartridges   ters (6) and for pushing the ends of the shaft of said upper cylinder (7) towards the lower housings (1), and two cylinders (16) arranged between   said lower casings (1) and said upper casings   (6) to rotate said upper housings around said journals (8).