FR2582801A1 - Optoelectronic method for measuring the dimensions and shapes of fruits, vegetables and various objects - Google Patents

Optoelectronic method for measuring the dimensions and shapes of fruits, vegetables and various objects Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2582801A1
FR2582801A1 FR8607549A FR8607549A FR2582801A1 FR 2582801 A1 FR2582801 A1 FR 2582801A1 FR 8607549 A FR8607549 A FR 8607549A FR 8607549 A FR8607549 A FR 8607549A FR 2582801 A1 FR2582801 A1 FR 2582801A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
dimensions
photodiodes
fruits
vegetables
measuring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
FR8607549A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Pedro Fito Mompoey
Amparo Chiralt Boix
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TEXPA ENG SA
Original Assignee
TEXPA ENG SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TEXPA ENG SA filed Critical TEXPA ENG SA
Publication of FR2582801A1 publication Critical patent/FR2582801A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G01B11/245Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using a plurality of fixed, simultaneously operating transducers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness

Abstract

Optoelectronic method for measuring the dimensions and shapes of fruits, vegetables and various objects, characterised in that the product to be classified is passed at a constant speed in front of an assembly comprising a frame 1 fitted, on one of its sides, with a set of photodiodes 5 situated in planes at various heights defining and determining a detection unit 7, the opposite side having a series of orifices 3 positioned from top to bottom facing the photodiodes and coinciding with them, while the beam of rays from one or more light sources 2 incorporated into the system is projected horizontally and parallel and encounters the bank of photodiodes, which is fitted with the electronic circuits necessary for transmitting the signals which it detects to a logic circuit of a microcomputer which, by mathematical calculations, determines the maximum, minimum and mean diameters or any other variable relating to the dimensions and shape of the product to be classified.

Description

I1 s'agit d'un procédé optoélectronique pour mesurer les dimensions et les formes de fruits, légumes, produits et objets divers, fondé sur l'obtention d'une ou plusieurs projections, à partir de différents angles, des produits en question dont on désire contrôler la forme et les dimensions de manière continue et automatique. It is an optoelectronic process for measuring the dimensions and shapes of fruits, vegetables, various products and objects, based on obtaining one or more projections, from different angles, of the products in question, wishes to control the shape and dimensions continuously and automatically.

L'ensemble d'éléments et de composants pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé, accouplés à un micro-ordinateur, permet de calculer, par des méthodes mathématiques, les diamètres maximal, minimal et moyen des dits produits, ainsi que leurs sections et leurs volumes, et tout autre paramètre en rapport avec les dimensions et la forme des produits en question.The set of elements and components for implementing the process, coupled to a microcomputer, makes it possible to calculate, by mathematical methods, the maximum, minimum and average diameters of said products, as well as their sections and their volumes. , and any other parameter related to the dimensions and shape of the products in question.

Une application pratique et immédiate du procédé serait le classement continu de fruits et de légumes, ce procédé pouvant être également utilisé pour d'autres types d'objets et d'articles en général; de mime, combiné avec un système de pesage électronique, il pourrait être employé pour le classement de fruits selon des critères de qualité, par exemple, les agrumes affectés par les gelées.A practical and immediate application of the process would be the continuous classification of fruits and vegetables, this process can also be used for other types of objects and articles in general; mime, combined with an electronic weighing system, it could be used for grading fruit according to quality criteria, for example, citrus fruits affected by jellies.

Pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé, on utilise un cadre en métal ou en matière plastique, ayant un de ses côtés muni d'une ou plusieurs sources lumineuses, dont la lumière passe par des orifices, ou des rainures, pratiqués sur ce côté, situés sur des plans à différentes hauteurs, alors que, sur le caté opposé, sont montées, de haut en bas, plusieurs photodiodes qui reçoivent directement le faisceau de rayons lumineux, sauf quand un objet opaque s'interpose entre la source lumineuse et la zone ou champ correspondant à une photodiode déterminée.To implement the method, a metal or plastic frame is used, having one of its sides provided with one or more light sources, the light of which passes through orifices, or grooves, formed on this side, located on plans at different heights, while, on the opposite side, are mounted, from top to bottom, several photodiodes which directly receive the beam of light rays, except when an opaque object is interposed between the light source and the area or field corresponding to a determined photodiode.

L'unité détectrice dispose des circuits électroniques nécessaires pour transmettre le signal détecté au circuit logique d'un micro-ordinateur. D'autre part, les sources lumineuses peuvent autre à lumière normale ou, dans certains cas, à lumière cohérente, type laser, sans que ce changement ne modifie ou n'altère le résultat final ou l'essence du procédé. La dite unité est indiquée à titre d'exemple, sans que cela puisse signifier une quelconque limitation des possibilités de développement du procédé.The detector unit has the electronic circuits necessary to transmit the detected signal to the logic circuit of a microcomputer. On the other hand, the light sources can other with normal light or, in certain cases, with coherent light, laser type, without this change does not modify or alter the final result or the essence of the process. Said unit is indicated by way of example, without this being able to mean any limitation of the possibilities of development of the process.

Pour faciliter la compréhension de ce qui précède, sont annexés des dessins représentant schématiquement objet de l'invention, qui est décrite ci-après en se référant aux dits dessins.To facilitate understanding of the above, there are appended drawings schematically representing the subject of the invention, which is described below with reference to said drawings.

Sur ces dessins
La fig. 1 est une vue de face du cadre muni de la source lumineuse et des photodiodes correspondantes.
On these drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the frame provided with the light source and the corresponding photodiodes.

La fig. 2 est une vue représentant un fruit à mesurer et à calibrer selon ses dimensions et sa forme.Fig. 2 is a view showing a fruit to be measured and calibrated according to its dimensions and shape.

La fig. 3 est une représentation graphique du fonctionnement du procédé objet de la présente invention.Fig. 3 is a graphic representation of the operation of the method which is the subject of the present invention.

Conformément aux figures, reproduites à titre d'exemple non limitatif, on dispose, pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé, d'un cadre 1 dont les côtés présentent respectivement une série orifices 3, situés sur des plans à différentes hauteurs, et une série de photodiodes 5, positionnées également sur des plans à différentes hauteurs.In accordance with the figures, reproduced by way of nonlimiting example, there is available, for the implementation of the method, a frame 1 the sides of which respectively have a series of orifices 3, located on planes at different heights, and a series of photodiodes 5, also positioned on planes at different heights.

Sur le caté où se trouvent les orifices 3 est montée une source lumineuse 2 dont le faisceau de rayons 4 est projeté directement sur le champ d'action des photodiodes 5. A light source 2 is mounted on the cat where the orifices 3 are located, the beam of rays 4 of which is projected directly onto the field of action of the photodiodes 5.

Le procédé revendiqué est fondé sur les points exposés ci-après.The claimed process is based on the points set out below.

Un fruit 6 se déplaçant à une vitesse constante, représentée par la flèche A, passe devant l'unité détectrice 7 et, à ce moment-là, il intercepte un ou plusieurs rayons lumineux, produisant ainsi, automatiquement, un signal qui est détecté par les photodiodes concernées. Dans la ou les photodiodes concernées apparaissent deux signaux, dont un correspond au moment où le faisceau est interrompu et l'autre au moment où cesse cette interruption. Ces signaux sont transmis et emmagasinés dans le micro-ordinateur et l'ensemble de signaux produits pendant le passage du fruit par l'unité détectrice dessine la projection 10 de ce fruit, par rapport à un plan parallèle à la direction du mouvement, perpendiculaire au plan du faisceau 11 et également parallèle à la ligne formée par une série de points désignés par la référence 9, lesquels reproduisent la forme et les dimensions du fruit 6.A fruit 6 moving at a constant speed, represented by the arrow A, passes in front of the detecting unit 7 and, at this time, it intercepts one or more light rays, thus producing, automatically, a signal which is detected by the photodiodes concerned. In the photodiodes concerned, two signals appear, one of which corresponds to the moment when the beam is interrupted and the other to the moment when this interruption ceases. These signals are transmitted and stored in the microcomputer and the set of signals produced during the passage of the fruit by the detecting unit draws the projection 10 of this fruit, with respect to a plane parallel to the direction of movement, perpendicular to the plane of the beam 11 and also parallel to the line formed by a series of points designated by the reference 9, which reproduce the shape and the dimensions of the fruit 6.

Sur la fig 3, qui illustre ce qui précède, l'axe d1or- données Y donne l'ensemble de points qui définissent la forme et les dimensions, alors que l'axe d'abscisses X représente la vitesse d'avancement du fruit; la référence 8 correspond aux instants pendant lesquels les rayons lumineux ne sont pas interceptés dans l'espace par le fruit 6.In FIG. 3, which illustrates the above, the axis d1or- data Y gives the set of points which define the shape and the dimensions, while the abscissa axis X represents the speed of advancement of the fruit; the reference 8 corresponds to the moments during which the light rays are not intercepted in space by the fruit 6.

L'ensemble de points 9 définissant la projection passe au micro-ordinateur et celui-ci, par des calculs mathématiques adéquats, détermine le diamètre du fruit ou toute autre variable en rapport avec ses dimensions et sa forme; en incorporant au système un dispositif électronique de pesage, on peut classer ce fruit en fonction de critères de qualité. The set of points 9 defining the projection passes to the microcomputer and the latter, by suitable mathematical calculations, determines the diameter of the fruit or any other variable in relation to its dimensions and shape; by incorporating into the system an electronic weighing device, this fruit can be classified according to quality criteria.

La nature et la portée de la présente invention ayant ét suffisamment décrites, ainsi qu'une forme préférée de réalisation pratique, il est précisé que cette invention peut admettre des variantes en ce qui concerne les matériels, les formes, les dimensions et, en général, tous les détails accessoires et secondaires, à condition que ces variantes ne changent ni ne modifient ltessentiel de l'invention. The nature and scope of the present invention having been sufficiently described, as well as a preferred practical embodiment, it is specified that this invention may admit variants with regard to the materials, the shapes, the dimensions and, in general , all accessory and secondary details, provided that these variants do not change or modify the essentials of the invention.

Claims (1)

RevendicationClaim Procédé optoélectronique pour mesurer les dimensions et la forme de fruits, légumes et objets divers, caractérisé par le fait qu'on fait passer le produit à classer à vitesse constante, devant un ensemble comprenant un cadre (1) muni, sur un de ses côtés, d'une série de photodiodes (5), situées sur des plans à différentes hauteurs définissant et déterminant une unité détectrice (7), le côté opposé présentant une série d'orifices (3) positionnés de haut en bas faisant face aux photodiodes et coin- cidant avec elles, alors que le faisceau de rayons d'une ou plusieurs sources lumineuses (2) incorporées au système est projeté horizontalement et parallèlement et rencontre la batterie de photodiodes, laquelle dispose des circuits électroniques nécessaires pour transmettre les signaux quelle détecte au circuit logique d'un microordinateur qui, par des calculs mathématiques, détermine les diamètres maximal, minimal et moyen ou toute autre variable en rapport avec les dimensions et la forme du produit à classer. Optoelectronic method for measuring the dimensions and shape of fruits, vegetables and various objects, characterized in that the product to be classified is passed at constant speed, in front of an assembly comprising a frame (1) provided, on one of its sides , of a series of photodiodes (5), located on planes at different heights defining and determining a detector unit (7), the opposite side having a series of orifices (3) positioned from top to bottom facing the photodiodes and co-locating with them, while the beam of rays from one or more light sources (2) incorporated in the system is projected horizontally and parallel and meets the battery of photodiodes, which has the electronic circuits necessary to transmit the signals which it detects. logic circuit of a microcomputer which, by mathematical calculations, determines the maximum, minimum and average diameters or any other variable in relation to the dimensions and the shape of the product to classify.
FR8607549A 1985-05-29 1986-05-27 Optoelectronic method for measuring the dimensions and shapes of fruits, vegetables and various objects Pending FR2582801A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES543577A ES8608152A1 (en) 1985-05-29 1985-05-29 Optoelectronic method for measuring the dimensions and shapes of fruits, vegetables and various objects

Publications (1)

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FR2582801A1 true FR2582801A1 (en) 1986-12-05

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FR8607549A Pending FR2582801A1 (en) 1985-05-29 1986-05-27 Optoelectronic method for measuring the dimensions and shapes of fruits, vegetables and various objects

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ES (1) ES8608152A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2582801A1 (en)
IT (1) IT1188738B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2159244B1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2002-04-01 Miguel Antonio Ortiz MACHINE FOR CLASSIFICATION BY CALIBER OF FRUITS.
CN110174065B (en) * 2019-06-17 2021-02-26 湖南农业大学 Fruit size nondestructive testing method based on orthogonal binocular machine vision

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774040A (en) * 1972-05-10 1973-11-20 Lauer G Photoelectric system for grading objects according to size
DE2926140A1 (en) * 1978-09-11 1980-03-20 Ngk Insulators Ltd DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE EXTENSIVE EDUCATION OF AN OBJECT
GB2042717A (en) * 1979-01-19 1980-09-24 Lockwood Graders Ltd Method and Apparatus for Examining Objects
FR2528972A1 (en) * 1982-06-22 1983-12-23 Duneau Patrick Opto-electronic fruit diameter measuring appts. - projects real size shadow of fruit on plane with photoreceivers arranged in V=shape

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774040A (en) * 1972-05-10 1973-11-20 Lauer G Photoelectric system for grading objects according to size
DE2926140A1 (en) * 1978-09-11 1980-03-20 Ngk Insulators Ltd DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE EXTENSIVE EDUCATION OF AN OBJECT
GB2042717A (en) * 1979-01-19 1980-09-24 Lockwood Graders Ltd Method and Apparatus for Examining Objects
FR2528972A1 (en) * 1982-06-22 1983-12-23 Duneau Patrick Opto-electronic fruit diameter measuring appts. - projects real size shadow of fruit on plane with photoreceivers arranged in V=shape

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8620578A1 (en) 1987-11-27
IT1188738B (en) 1988-01-28
ES8608152A1 (en) 1986-06-16
IT8620578A0 (en) 1986-05-27
ES543577A0 (en) 1986-06-16

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