FR2574365A1 - Hull-less boat. - Google Patents

Hull-less boat. Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2574365A1
FR2574365A1 FR8418633A FR8418633A FR2574365A1 FR 2574365 A1 FR2574365 A1 FR 2574365A1 FR 8418633 A FR8418633 A FR 8418633A FR 8418633 A FR8418633 A FR 8418633A FR 2574365 A1 FR2574365 A1 FR 2574365A1
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Prior art keywords
boat
buoyancy
elements
hull according
symmetry
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French (fr)
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FR2574365B1 (en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

Hull-less boat comprising three buoyancy elements 1 arranged at the apices of an isosceles triangle whose axis of symmetry is the axis of the boat. The buoyancy elements 1 have a symmetrical profile of least hydrodynamic resistance and the shape of the vertical plane of symmetry is a trapezium whose large base is at the top parallel with the water line and with the axis of the boat and the small base at the bottom, the leading edge making an angle greater than 30 DEG with the vertical. The buoyancy elements 1 are connected by the superstructure 3, 4 in a star or triangularly parallel to the water line 2 and distanced from the water surface by a value similar to the draught. At least one of the buoyancy elements 1 is equipped at the rear of its submerged part with a rudder 10. On the superstructure and above each buoyancy element 1 a sail 8 is mounted.

Description

Les bateaux se déplaçant à la surface de l'eau sont constitues par une ou plusieurs coques assurant leur flottabilité et leur stabilité.Boats moving on the surface of the water are formed by one or more hulls ensuring their buoyancy and stability.

Qu'ils soient à flottabilité directe ou par l'intermédiaire d'un coussin d'air, leur position à la surface de l'eau est directement affectee par l'état de cette surface, c'est-à-dire par les lames.Whether they are directly buoyant or through an air cushion, their position on the surface of the water is directly affected by the state of this surface, i.e. by the blades .

Par ailleurs la surface de flottaison- est une fraction importante de la surface mouillée, ce qui, en dessous de la vitesse/dejaugeage, augmente sensiblement la résistance de rencontre due à la formation des lames d'étrave et d'étambot. Furthermore, the flotation surface is a large fraction of the wetted surface, which, below the speed / gauging, appreciably increases the encounter resistance due to the formation of the bow and stern blades.

L'invention, objet du présent brevet, a pour objectif de rendre l'engin flottant plus indépendant de l'état de la mer, de réduire considérablement la surface de flottaison par rapport à la surface mouillee, de réduire cette surface mouillée, enfin de supprimer pratiquement les lames d'etrave et d'etambot. The invention which is the subject of this patent aims to make the floating device more independent of the state of the sea, to considerably reduce the flotation surface relative to the wet surface, to reduce this wet surface, and finally to practically remove the bow and stern blades.

Elle est caractérisée en ce que au moins 90 % des surfaces du -ou desvolume de flottabilité en contact avec l'eau forment un angle inférieur à 10 avec la verticale.It is characterized in that at least 90% of the surfaces of the buoyancy volume or in contact with water form an angle less than 10 with the vertical.

Ces surfaces, selon l'invention, sont celles de profils aerohydrodynami- ques de plan de symétrie vertical contenant la vitesse NACA 00015 ou 00018 par exemple.These surfaces, according to the invention, are those of aerohydrodynamic profiles with a vertical plane of symmetry containing the speed NACA 00015 or 00018 for example.

Afin de supprimer la lame d'étrave le bord d'attaque du ou des profils est incline vers l'avant de plus de 30 -la partie haute étant vers l'avant la partie basse vers l'arrière.In order to remove the bow blade, the leading edge of the profile (s) is tilted forward by more than 30 - the upper part being towards the front and the lower part towards the rear.

Afin d'éviter la nécessité du lest et selon l'invention la flottabilité est assurée par au moins trois éléments de contour vertical trapezoldal disposés aux sommets d'un triangle isocèle, les grandes bases étant à la partie supérieure.In order to avoid the need for ballast and according to the invention the buoyancy is ensured by at least three elements of vertical trapezoidal contour arranged at the vertices of an isosceles triangle, the large bases being at the top.

Selon l'invention la partie inférieure de la superstructure, en étoilecuen triangle, reliant ces trois éléments hydrodynamiques de flottabilité se trouve à une distance de l'eau, par exemple approchant la valeur du tirant d'eau, la protégeant ainsi du contact avec la surface par mer moyenne.According to the invention, the lower part of the superstructure, in a triangular star, connecting these three hydrodynamic buoyancy elements is at a distance from the water, for example approaching the value of the draft, thus protecting it from contact with the average sea surface.

Selon l'invention, au moins un des trois éléments hydrodynamiques de flottabilite porte un gouvernail à son bord de fuite, intégré ou non. D'autres caractéristiques de l'invention seront precisées au cours de la description qui suit donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple de réalisation. According to the invention, at least one of the three hydrodynamic buoyancy elements carries a rudder at its trailing edge, integrated or not. Other characteristics of the invention will be clarified during the description which follows, given solely by way of example of embodiment.

A la planche 1-1, les figures 1, 2 et 3 représentent un bateau à trois éléments hydrodynamiques trapezoldaux de flottabilite placés aux sommets d'un triangle équilatéral.In Plate 1-1, Figures 1, 2 and 3 show a boat with three hydrodynamic trapezoidal buoyancy elements placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle.

La figure 1 en est la vue de profil.Figure 1 is a side view.

La figure 2 la vue en plan, et la figure 3 la vue de face.Figure 2 the plan view, and Figure 3 the front view.

Dans la disposition representee, selon l'invention, aux figures 1, 2 et 3 chaque élément de flottabilité (1) est de forme trapézodale dans le plan vertical. La grande base est,dans le choix fait > égale à trois fois la petite base et la hauteur egale a deux fois la petite base.In the arrangement represented, according to the invention, in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 each buoyancy element (1) is of trapezoidal shape in the vertical plane. The large base is, in the choice made> equal to three times the small base and the height equal to twice the small base.

Le bord de fuite etant vertical le bord d'attaque se trouve ainsi incline à 45 , d'où il résulte une suppression presque complète de la lame d'étrave. The trailing edge being vertical the leading edge is thus inclined at 45, from which it results an almost complete suppression of the bow blade.

La flottaison (2) est vers la mi-hauteur des éléments (1).The floatation (2) is towards the mid-height of the elements (1).

La superstructure est en étoile et a la forme d'un Y. L'élément axial (3) se trouve à l'avant et les deux bras latéraux (4) se trouvent à l'arrière. The superstructure is star-shaped and has a Y shape. The axial element (3) is at the front and the two lateral arms (4) are at the rear.

La partie avant (3) de la struture peut être constituee par un caisson rectangulaire. Par contre les parties (4) arrière latérales sont de pre férence profilées pour reduire la resistance a l'avancement.The front part (3) of the structure can be constituted by a rectangular box. On the other hand, the rear side parts (4) are preferably profiled to reduce the resistance to advancement.

L'angle formé par les parties latérales arriere de la structure avec l'axe est determiné en fonction de l'utilisation du bateau afin de faciliter le centrage et l'emploi.The angle formed by the rear side parts of the structure with the axis is determined according to the use of the boat in order to facilitate centering and use.

Dans l'exemple represente, la nacelle (5) pouvant flotter et avoir son autonomie propre est fixée à la structure en trois points.In the example shown, the nacelle (5) which can float and have its own autonomy is fixed to the structure at three points.

Le point de fixation (6) dans l'axe àl'arnère de la partie (3) axiale de la structure.The fixing point (6) in the axis to the back of the axial part (3) of the structure.

Les points (7) latéraux sont solidaires des parties latérales arriere (4).The lateral points (7) are integral with the rear lateral parts (4).

La nacelle autonome (5) est amenée à sa position de fixation sur la structure parpalans,vérins,ou tout autre moyen approprie.The autonomous nacelle (5) is brought to its position of attachment to the structure of wall, cylinders, or any other suitable means.

Dans l'exemple représente, le bateau est un voilier. I1 est préférable de l'équiper de trois voiles identiques, chacune montée sur la partie supérieure de la structure au dessus d'un élément de flottabilité.In the example shown, the boat is a sailboat. It is preferable to equip it with three identical sails, each mounted on the upper part of the structure above a buoyancy element.

Ces voiles (8) sont avantageusement du type aérodynamique rigide, par ce qu'elles peuvent être facilement commandes à distance d'un poste de pilotage central sans déplacement d'un membre de l'équipage.These sails (8) are advantageously of the rigid aerodynamic type, because they can be easily controlled remotely from a central cockpit without the movement of a member of the crew.

L'axe d'articulation (9) de chaque voile (8) est de préférence disposé pour passer par le bord d'attaque du profil de base de l'élément de flot stabilité (1) correspondant. The articulation axis (9) of each sail (8) is preferably arranged to pass through the leading edge of the base profile of the corresponding stability flow element (1).

Chaque élément de flottabilité (1) porte intégré à sa partie arrière le gouvernail (10) selon l'invention.Each buoyancy element (1) carries integrated at its rear part the rudder (10) according to the invention.

Pour bien faire comprendre la portée et les avantages de l'invention il est utile de donner quelques éléments de comparaison avec les bateaux classiques.To clearly understand the scope and advantages of the invention, it is useful to give some elements of comparison with conventional boats.

Les dessins de la description peuvent représenter à l'échelle 1/100, un voilier léger de haute performance. Le profil des éléments (1) est le NACA 00015 leur petite base a 1 m et la grande base supérieure 3 m, la hauteur étant de 2 m et le tirant d'eau de 1 m environ.The drawings in the description can represent a 1/100 scale, a high performance light sailboat. The profile of the elements (1) is NACA 00015, their small base is 1 m and the large upper base is 3 m, the height being 2 m and the draft approximately 1 m.

Chaque élement de flottabilité (1) deplace 0,21625 m3 à la flottaison et 0,810 m3 au total,sa surface mouillée est de 3,1 m2 et sa surface de flottaison de 0,370 m2.Each buoyancy element (1) moves 0.21625 m3 to the waterline and 0.810 m3 in total, its wetted area is 3.1 m2 and its flotation area is 0.370 m2.

Chaque voilure (8) à une surface de 12,4 m2.Each wing (8) has a surface of 12.4 m2.

On voit ainsi que le rapport entre la surface mouillee et la surface de flottaison est de 8,38 alors que dans les bateaux classiques il est inferieur à 2 et que la surface de flottaison est de 1/15 à 1/20 de celle des bateaux classiques. Par ailleurs la surface mouillée pour un bateau de 650 kg est de 9,3 m2, moins de la moitié de celle d'un bateau classique.We can see that the ratio between the wetted surface and the floating surface is 8.38 while in conventional boats it is less than 2 and that the floating surface is from 1/15 to 1/20 of that of boats classics. In addition, the wetted area for a 650 kg boat is 9.3 m2, less than half that of a conventional boat.

Enfin le rapport entre la surface de voilure et la surface mouillée est de 4, valeur pratiquement impossible a atteindre sures bateaux classiques.Finally, the ratio between the sail surface and the wet surface is 4, a value practically impossible to achieve on conventional boats.

Les trois voilures et les trois gouvernails permettent d'imaginer des manoeuvres impensables avec les bateaux classiques.The three wings and three rudders allow you to imagine unthinkable maneuvers with classic boats.

Le centrage aero-hydrodynamique peut se faire rigoureusement, les centres aérodynamique et hydrodynamique ayant une position parfaitement définie.Aero-hydrodynamic centering can be done rigorously, the aerodynamic and hydrodynamic centers having a perfectly defined position.

C'est ainsi que dans la description illustrant l'invention le centre hydrodynamique est en (11) le centre de poussée en (12) et le centre aerodynamique des voilures voisines du plan de symétrie général est en (13). Thus in the description illustrating the invention the hydrodynamic center is in (11) the center of thrust in (12) and the aerodynamic center of the airfoils close to the general plane of symmetry is in (13).

Claims (10)

RevendicationsClaims 1. Bateau sans coque caractérisé en ce que au moins 90 % de la surface de l'élément -ou des éléments- de flottabilité forme un angle inferieur à .100 avec la verticale.1. Boat without hull, characterized in that at least 90% of the surface of the buoyancy element -or elements- forms an angle less than .100 with the vertical. 2. Bateau sans coque selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la flottabilité est assurée par au moins trois éléments.2. boat without hull according to claim 1 characterized in that the buoyancy is ensured by at least three elements. 3. Bateau sans coque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caracterise en ce que le contour de chaque élément de flottabilité dans son plan de symétrie à la forme d'un trapèze dont les bases sont~paralle- les a la flottaison, la grande base etant à la partie superieure, les dits plans de symetrie étant parallèles.3. Boat without hull according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contour of each buoyancy element in its plane of symmetry in the form of a trapezoid whose bases are ~ parallel to the waterline, the large base being at the upper part, the said planes of symmetry being parallel. 4. Bateau sans coque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les coupes par des plans parallèles aux bases et à la surface de l'eau des éléments de flottabilitE sont des profils symétriques hydrodynamiques.4. Boat without hull according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sections by planes parallel to the bases and to the surface of the water of the buoyancy elements are hydrodynamic symmetrical profiles. 5. Bateau sans coque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le bord d'attaque de chaque élément de flottabilite forme un angle d'au moins 30 avec la verticale, la partie supérieure étant vers l'avant.5. Boat without hull according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leading edge of each buoyancy element forms an angle of at least 30 with the vertical, the upper part being towards the front. 6. Bateau sans coque selon l'une quelconque des revendications precedentes caractérisé en ce que dans le cas de trois éléments de flottabilité, ces dits éléments sont disposés aux sommets d'un triangle isocele dont la médiane de symétrie est l'axe de symetrie du bateau.6. Boat without hull according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the case of three buoyancy elements, these said elements are arranged at the vertices of an isosceles triangle whose median of symmetry is the axis of symmetry of the boat. 7. Bateau sans coque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentés caractérise en ce que les éléments de flottabilité sont reliés par une superstructure en triangle ou en étoile fixee a leur partie supérieure, c'est-à-dire assez éloignée de la surface de l'eau. 7. Boat without hull according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the buoyancy elements are connected by a triangle or star superstructure fixed to their upper part, that is to say quite distant from the surface of the water. 8. Bateau sans coque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caracterise en ce que au moins un des éléments de flottabilité porte im mergé a sa partie arrière un gouvernail, integré ou non.8. Boat without hull according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the buoyancy elements carries im merged at its rear part a rudder, integrated or not. 9. Bateau sans coque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérise en ce que chaque élément de flottabilité porte une voile à sa partie superieure. 9. boat without hull according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each buoyancy element carries a sail at its upper part. 10. Bateau sans coque selon ltune quelconque des revendications précédentes caracterise en ce que l'ensemble d'aménagement pour l'utilisation du bateau est amovible et fixe en trois points de la superstructure. 10. Boat without hull according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement for the use of the boat is removable and fixed at three points of the superstructure.
FR8418633A 1984-12-06 1984-12-06 BOAT WITHOUT HULL Expired - Lifetime FR2574365B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8418633A FR2574365B1 (en) 1984-12-06 1984-12-06 BOAT WITHOUT HULL

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8418633A FR2574365B1 (en) 1984-12-06 1984-12-06 BOAT WITHOUT HULL

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FR2574365A1 true FR2574365A1 (en) 1986-06-13
FR2574365B1 FR2574365B1 (en) 1990-06-15

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FR8418633A Expired - Lifetime FR2574365B1 (en) 1984-12-06 1984-12-06 BOAT WITHOUT HULL

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0459076A1 (en) * 1990-05-14 1991-12-04 Richard T. Takeuchi Stable racing catermaran with hydrofoil qualities
GB2343417A (en) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-10 Francis Norman Potter Triangular vessel with low structural stresses in waves

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190928900A (en) * 1909-12-10 1910-07-14 James Dundas White Improvements in Compound Boats.
US2464957A (en) * 1945-02-27 1949-03-22 Garfield A Wood Boat
US3164123A (en) * 1964-01-08 1965-01-05 Charles T Sundquist Marine propulsion
FR2018377A1 (en) * 1968-09-18 1970-05-29 Baker Robert
US3577947A (en) * 1968-05-17 1971-05-11 Gordon L Draeseke Multiple hull boat
DE2600098A1 (en) * 1976-01-02 1977-07-14 Michael Dipl Kfm Keller Streamlined cladding for legs of offshore drilling rig - is automatically set to suit the prevailing current

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190928900A (en) * 1909-12-10 1910-07-14 James Dundas White Improvements in Compound Boats.
US2464957A (en) * 1945-02-27 1949-03-22 Garfield A Wood Boat
US3164123A (en) * 1964-01-08 1965-01-05 Charles T Sundquist Marine propulsion
US3577947A (en) * 1968-05-17 1971-05-11 Gordon L Draeseke Multiple hull boat
FR2018377A1 (en) * 1968-09-18 1970-05-29 Baker Robert
DE2600098A1 (en) * 1976-01-02 1977-07-14 Michael Dipl Kfm Keller Streamlined cladding for legs of offshore drilling rig - is automatically set to suit the prevailing current

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0459076A1 (en) * 1990-05-14 1991-12-04 Richard T. Takeuchi Stable racing catermaran with hydrofoil qualities
GB2343417A (en) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-10 Francis Norman Potter Triangular vessel with low structural stresses in waves
GB2343417B (en) * 1998-11-05 2002-04-24 Francis Norman Potter Triangular vessel with low structural stresses in waves

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2574365B1 (en) 1990-06-15

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