FR2564820A1 - Process for the treatment and purification of sewage by flocculation in a fluidised bed, without the use of reactants - Google Patents

Process for the treatment and purification of sewage by flocculation in a fluidised bed, without the use of reactants Download PDF

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FR2564820A1
FR2564820A1 FR8408026A FR8408026A FR2564820A1 FR 2564820 A1 FR2564820 A1 FR 2564820A1 FR 8408026 A FR8408026 A FR 8408026A FR 8408026 A FR8408026 A FR 8408026A FR 2564820 A1 FR2564820 A1 FR 2564820A1
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fluidized bed
bed
water
sewage
granular material
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FR2564820B1 (en
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Samuel Elmaleh
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Priority to FR8408026A priority Critical patent/FR2564820B1/en
Priority to CA000481870A priority patent/CA1273131A/en
Priority to US06/735,862 priority patent/US4743376A/en
Priority to AT85401002T priority patent/ATE97113T1/en
Priority to DE85401002T priority patent/DE3587650D1/en
Priority to EP85401002A priority patent/EP0162783B1/en
Priority to IL75275A priority patent/IL75275A/en
Priority to ES543433A priority patent/ES8607883A1/en
Priority to JP11126985A priority patent/JPS60261514A/en
Publication of FR2564820A1 publication Critical patent/FR2564820A1/en
Priority to US07/148,498 priority patent/US4954259A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5281Installations for water purification using chemical agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/01Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation using flocculating agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/20Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5263Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using natural chemical compounds

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)

Abstract

Process for flocculating the substances suspended in sewage. According to the invention the sewage is passed through a granular medium as a fluidised bed, without preliminary blocking of the granular medium as a stationary bed, and flocculated aggregates are recovered downstream of the said bed and are subjected to a sedimentation or to any other liquid-solid separation to obtain an effluent partially freed from its contamination.

Description

Procédé pour le traitement et l'épuration des eaux usées, par floculation en lit fluidisé, sans utilisation de réactifs. Process for the treatment and purification of waste water, by flocculation in a fluidized bed, without the use of reagents.

L'invention concerne un procédé apte à provoquer une agglomération des particules en suspension dans les eaux usées entralnant un piegeage de l'ensemble de la pollution. The invention relates to a method capable of causing agglomeration of the particles in suspension in the waste water entraining a trapping of all the pollution.

On sait, par exemple, que les eaux usées urbaines contiennent environ 200 à 200 mE/1 de matière en suspension et ont une concentration totale en DBO5 (demande biochimique en oxygène à cinq jours) d'environ 200 à 400 ng/l, dont 100 à 200 mg/l de DB05 dissoute. We know, for example, that urban wastewater contains approximately 200 to 200 mE / 1 of suspended matter and has a total concentration of BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand at five days) of approximately 200 to 400 ng / l, of which 100 to 200 mg / l of dissolved DB05.

Les matières polluées qu elles contiennent peuvent être grossièrement réparties en pollution solide (environ un tiers), ou pollution colloïdale (également un tiers) et en pollution dissoute (un tiers).The polluted materials they contain can be roughly divided into solid pollution (about a third), or colloidal pollution (also a third) and dissolved pollution (a third).

Les filières habituelles d'épuration d'eaux utilisent des procédés biologiques ou des procédés physico-chimiques.  The usual water purification channels use biological or physicochemical processes.

Bien que les procédés biologiques permettent des réductions de pollution importantes, ils résistent mal aux variations de flux de pollution des eaux à traiter ou aux impulsions de toxiques qui peuvent se produire, lorsque des rejets industriels sont reçus par la station d'épuration. Il y a environ 10 à 20 ans, les procédés physico- chimiques ont soulevé un vif intêret et, tout particulièrement, les procédés dans lesquels un séparateur liquidesolide est placé en aval d'un floculateur, par exemple les procédés de clarifoculation, qui associent un floculateur et un décanteur. Although biological processes allow significant pollution reductions, they resist poorly the variations in the pollution flow of the water to be treated or the toxic impulses that can occur when industrial discharges are received by the treatment plant. About 10 to 20 years ago, the physicochemical processes aroused great interest and, in particular, the processes in which a liquid solid separator is placed downstream of a flocculator, for example the processes of clarifoculation, which associate a flocculator and decanter.

Les avantages de ces unités proviennent de la possibilité de traiter des flux de pollution très divers, ce qui est le cas des stations estivales à population très variable. Elles permettent d'atteindre une réduction de 704 à 9BX de la pollution entrante, la pollution résiduelle pouvant éventuellement subir un traitement d'affinage.  The advantages of these units come from the possibility of treating very diverse pollution flows, which is the case of summer stations with very variable population. They make it possible to achieve a reduction of 704 to 9BX of the incoming pollution, the residual pollution possibly being able to undergo a refining treatment.

Leurs principaux inconvénients résultent de l'utilisation obligée de réactifs coûteux à des doses importantes pouvant atteindre 200 mg/l, impliquant des productions de boues considérables, avec des minéralisations moyennes. Their main drawbacks result from the compulsory use of expensive reagents at large doses of up to 200 mg / l, implying considerable sludge production, with average mineralization.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un procédé avec lequel il soit possible de provoquer une épuration comparable à celle de ces unités physico-chimiques sans adjonction de réactifs. The object of the present invention is to provide a process with which it is possible to cause a purification comparable to that of these physicochemical units without the addition of reagents.

On sait que le phénomène de floculation des particules en suspension dans un liquide est lié à deux paramètres principaux
a) les forces de répulsion-attraction entre particules, qui peuvent être modifiées par adjonction de réactifs appropriés
b) le gradient de vitesse ou gradient hydraulique G défini par la formule

Figure img00020001

où P désigne la puissance dépensée dans l'appareil, X la viscosité dynamique de la phase liquide et V le volume de l'appareil. Pour produire un gradient de vitesse, la plupart des floculateurs usuels utilisent l'énergie d'agitation.We know that the phenomenon of flocculation of particles suspended in a liquid is linked to two main parameters
a) the repulsion-attraction forces between particles, which can be modified by adding appropriate reagents
b) the speed gradient or hydraulic gradient G defined by the formula
Figure img00020001

where P denotes the power expended in the device, X the dynamic viscosity of the liquid phase and V the volume of the device. To produce a speed gradient, most common flocculators use stirring energy.

On a cependant établi que les milieux granulaires peuvent être utilisés dans les procédés de floculation, l'énergie dégradée correspondant aux chutes de pression. However, it has been established that granular media can be used in flocculation processes, the degraded energy corresponding to pressure drops.

Un lit fluidisé de matériau granulaire peut être avantageusement utilisé dans ce but. En effet,
- d'une part, la chute de pression reste constante dans tout le domaine de fluidisation
- d'autre part, on peut montrer que le rapport G/Go du gradient de vitesse au gradient de vitesse à l'état préfluidisé varie peu avec le nombre de fluidisations (rapport de la vitesse en fflt vide ("upflow superficial vélocity") utilisée à la vitesse minimum de fluidisation);
- enfin, le rapport Gt/Got du nombre de CAMP Gt à l'état observé au nombre de CAS G t à l'état préfluidisé varie peu.
A fluidized bed of granular material can advantageously be used for this purpose. Indeed,
- on the one hand, the pressure drop remains constant throughout the fluidization domain
- on the other hand, we can show that the G / Go ratio of the speed gradient to the speed gradient in the pre-fluidized state varies little with the number of fluidizations (speed ratio in empty fflt ("upflow superficial velocity") used at minimum fluidization speed);
- finally, the ratio Gt / Got of the number of CAMP Gt in the observed state to the number of CAS G t in the prefluidized state varies little.

Il en résulte qu'en calculant un floculateur en lit fluidisé au minimum de fluidisation, les performances réelles du floculateur seront peut affectées par les variations de débit. As a result, by calculating a flocculator in a fluidized bed at the minimum of fluidization, the actual performance of the flocculator may be affected by the variations in flow rate.

Par ailleurs, il est intéressant de noter qu'au minimum de fluidisation, Go est proportionnel à la masse volumique apparente du matériau constitutif du lit ainsi qu'au diamètre moyen des grains. De même, G t est proportionnel au rapport Ho/d de la hauteur Ho du lit fixe au diamètre moyen d des grains et il est indépendant de la masse volumique du matériau
La présente invention est fondée sur les propriétés ci-dessus décrites des lits fluidisés en tant que moyen de production d'un gradient hydraulique et sur la propriété d'autofloculation des eaux usées obtenues dans les dispositifs qui seront décrits ci-après.
Furthermore, it is interesting to note that at the minimum of fluidization, Go is proportional to the apparent density of the material constituting the bed as well as to the average diameter of the grains. Likewise, G t is proportional to the ratio Ho / d of the height Ho of the fixed bed to the mean diameter d of the grains and it is independent of the density of the material.
The present invention is based on the above-described properties of fluidized beds as a means of producing a hydraulic gradient and on the self-flocculation property of the wastewater obtained in the devices which will be described below.

L'invention a par conséquent pour objet un procédé pour floculer des matières en suspension dans des eaux usées caracterisé en ce que l'on fait passer l'eau usée à travers un milieu granulaire en lit fluidisé, sans colmatage préalable du milieu granulaire en lit fixe, et en ce que l'on réctWere en aval dudit lit des agrégats floculés qu'il suffit de soumettre à une décantation ou toute autre séparation liquide-solide pour obtenir un effluent partiellement libéré de sa pollution. The subject of the invention is therefore a process for flocculating suspended solids in waste water, characterized in that the waste water is passed through a granular medium in a fluidized bed, without prior clogging of the granular medium in a bed. fixed, and in that one rectWere downstream of said bed of flocculated aggregates which suffices to subject to decantation or any other liquid-solid separation to obtain an effluent partially released from its pollution.

En effet, le phénomène d'agglomération qui se produit dans le lit fluidisé emprisonne une partie des matières dissoutes de pollution de la même manière que dans un prodédé de clarifloculation classique. Indeed, the phenomenon of agglomeration which occurs in the fluidized bed traps part of the dissolved pollution matter in the same way as in a conventional clariflocculation product.

Le milieu granulaire en lit fluidisé pourra subir une expansion de l'ordre de 10 à 20~/o.  The granular medium in a fluidized bed may undergo an expansion of the order of 10 to 20 ~ / o.

Pour réaliser un lit fluidisé, on pourra utiliser n'importe quel matériau de garnissage, par exemple du sable, et sa granulométrie pourra être faible, de l'ordre de 100 à 1000 fi m.  To make a fluidized bed, any filling material can be used, for example sand, and its particle size can be small, of the order of 100 to 1000 μm.

Les temps de passage en fût vide des eaux à traiter seront d'environ 3 à 10 minutes, avec une vitesse d'environ 10 à 15 m/h, dans le cas où l'on utilise du sable conne matériau granulaire. The passage times in empty drums of the water to be treated will be approximately 3 to 10 minutes, with a speed of approximately 10 to 15 m / h, in the case where sand is used as granular material.

La mise en oeuvre du procédé conforme à l'invention se traduit pa une réduction de 70 à 90duo de la DB05 et une élimination de 70 à 85% des solides en suspension. The implementation of the method according to the invention results in a reduction of 70 to 90% of the BOD5 and elimination of 70 to 85% of the suspended solids.

Après décantation des floculats produits par le procédé selon l'invention dans un appareil où le temps de passage est de 14 mn, la concentration des boues obtenues est de 5 g/l. Après 30 fin de décantation de ces boues, leur concentration est de 15 g/l, alors qu'avec les systèmes usuels utilisant des réactifs de floculation, une décantation d'une durée d'une heure environ est nécessaire pour obtenir une concentration de boues de 5 g/l. After decanting the flocculates produced by the process according to the invention in an apparatus where the passage time is 14 min, the concentration of sludge obtained is 5 g / l. After 30 minutes of settling of these sludges, their concentration is 15 g / l, whereas with the usual systems using flocculation reagents, settling for a period of about one hour is necessary to obtain a concentration of sludge 5 g / l.

Les dessins schématiques annexés illustrent deux formes de mise en oeuvre de l'invention. Sur ces dessins, qui n'ont, bien entendu, aucun caractère limitatif
La figure 1 représente un ensemble de traitement des eaux usées, dans lequel les eaux traités circulent à flux ascendant dans un réacteur à lit fluidisé constitué de grains d'un matériau de masse volumique supérieure à 1
La figure 2 représente un système analogue, dans lequel les eaux usées circulent à flux descendant dans un réacteur où les grains du lit fluidisé ont une masse volumique inférieure à 1.
The appended schematic drawings illustrate two forms of implementation of the invention. In these drawings, which, of course, have no limiting character
FIG. 1 represents a wastewater treatment unit, in which the treated water circulates in an upward flow in a fluidized bed reactor made up of grains of a material with a density greater than 1
FIG. 2 represents a similar system, in which the waste water circulates in a downward flow in a reactor where the grains of the fluidized bed have a density less than 1.

Le dispositif de la figure 1 comprend un réacteur 1, qui est alimenté en eau à traiter par la ligne 2 à sa partie inférieure et qui contient un lit fluidisé 3 constitué de grains d'un matériau de masse volumique supérieure à celle de l'eau. The device of FIG. 1 comprises a reactor 1, which is supplied with water to be treated by line 2 at its lower part and which contains a fluidized bed 3 made up of grains of a material with a density greater than that of water .

L'eau traitée contenant les agrégats de particules obtenus par le passage des eaux usées à travers le lit fluidisé 3 est évacuée par la ligne 4, à la partie supérieure du réacteur 1, vers un décanteur 5, à la partie inférieure duquel les boues sont récupérées par la ligne 6, tandis que l'eau épurée est recueillie à sa partie supérieure par la ligne 7. The treated water containing the aggregates of particles obtained by the passage of wastewater through the fluidized bed 3 is discharged through line 4, at the top of the reactor 1, to a decanter 5, at the bottom of which the sludge is collected by line 6, while purified water is collected at its upper part by line 7.

Dans le cas de la figure 2, le réacteur 11, alimenté en eaux usées à sa partie supérieure par la ligne 12, contient un lit fluidisé 13 de grains d'un nBttériau d'une masse volumique inférieure à 1. In the case of FIG. 2, the reactor 11, supplied with waste water at its upper part by the line 12, contains a fluidized bed 13 of grains of an nBterial with a density less than 1.

L'eau traitée contenant les agrégats de particules obtenus par passage à travers le lit fluidisé est récupérée à la base du réacteur 13 par une ligne 14 et est évacuée vers un décanteur 15, à la base duquel les boues sont récupérées par la ligne 16, tandis que l'eau épurée est recueillie à sa partie supérieure par la ligne 17. The treated water containing the aggregates of particles obtained by passage through the fluidized bed is recovered at the base of the reactor 13 by a line 14 and is discharged to a decanter 15, at the base of which the sludge is recovered by line 16, while the purified water is collected at its upper part by line 17.

Dans ces deux variantes, la mise en oeuvre de l'invention est donc particulièrement simple et économique, puisque ne nécessitant pas d'addition de réactifs chimiques. In these two variants, the implementation of the invention is therefore particularly simple and economical, since it does not require the addition of chemical reagents.

L'Exemple suivant illustre en outre l'efficatité du procédé conforme à l'invention. The following example further illustrates the efficiency of the process according to the invention.

EXEMPLE
On traite à flux ascendant, dans une colonne ayant un diamètre de 20 cm et contenant un garnissage de sable de masse volumique égale à 1,7 g/cm3 et de granulométrie moyenne égale à 270 m, avec une hauteur de lit granulaire fixe de 1,40 m, une eau usée ayant une DB05 totale de 200 mg/l et contenant 200 mg/l de matières en suspension.
EXAMPLE
It is treated in an ascending flow, in a column having a diameter of 20 cm and containing a filling of sand with a density equal to 1.7 g / cm3 and an average particle size equal to 270 m, with a fixed granular bed height of 1 , 40 m, waste water with a total BOD5 of 200 mg / l and containing 200 mg / l of suspended matter.

L'expansion du lit de sable est de 50%, le temps de passage de l'eau usée est de 7 mm et sa vitesse de passage de 18 m/h. The expansion of the sand bed is 50%, the passage time of the used water is 7 mm and its speed of passage 18 m / h.

L'eau traitée contenant les agrégats de matière en suspension est ensuite traitée dans un décanteur, où les boues obtenues, après un temps de passage de 7 mn, ont une concentration de 5 g/l. Après 30 minutes de décantation ces boues ont une concentration de 15 g/l.  The treated water containing the aggregates of suspended matter is then treated in a decanter, where the sludge obtained, after a passage time of 7 min, has a concentration of 5 g / l. After 30 minutes of settling, this sludge has a concentration of 15 g / l.

Après passage dans le décanteur, la réduction de DB05 de l'eau traitée est de 90 % et la diminution de matière en suspension de 70 à 85% suivant les essais. After passing through the decanter, the reduction in BOD5 of the treated water is 90% and the reduction in suspended matter from 70 to 85% depending on the tests.

Cet exemple prouve donc la grande efficacité du procédé conforme à l'invention.  This example therefore proves the high efficiency of the process according to the invention.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS 1.- Procédé pour floculer des matières en suspension dans des eaux usées, caractérisé en ce que l'on fait passer l'eau usée à travers un milieu granulaire en lit fluidisé, sans colmatage préalable du milieu granulaire en lit fixe, et en ce que l'on récupère en aval dudit lit des agrégats floculés que l'on soumet à une décantation ou à toute autre séparatIon liquide-solide pour obtenir un effluent partiellement libéré de sa pollution. 1.- A method for flocculating suspended solids in waste water, characterized in that the waste water is passed through a granular medium in a fluidized bed, without prior clogging of the granular medium in a fixed bed, and in that that downstream of said bed is recovered flocculated aggregates which are subjected to decantation or to any other liquid-solid separation to obtain an effluent partially released from its pollution. 2.- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau granulaire du lit fluidisé subit une expansion d'environ 10 à 20G/o.  2.- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the granular material of the fluidized bed undergoes an expansion of about 10 to 20G / o. 3.- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau granulaire du lit fluidisé a une granulométrie d'environ 100 à 1000 f m.  3.- Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the granular material of the fluidized bed has a particle size of about 100 to 1000 f m. 4.- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le matériau granulaire du lit fluidisé a une masse volumique supérieure à 1 et en ce que l'eau à traiter traverse le lit fluidisé à flux ascendant. 4.- Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the granular material of the fluidized bed has a density greater than 1 and in that the water to be treated passes through the fluidized bed in ascending flow. 5.- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le matériau granulaire du lit fluidisé a une masse volumique inférieure à 1 et en ce que l'eau à traiter traverse le lit fluidisé à flux descendant. 5.- Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the granular material of the fluidized bed has a density less than 1 and in that the water to be treated passes through the fluidized bed downflow. 6.- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le temps de passage en fût vide de l'eau à traiter est d'environ 3 à 10 mn.  6.- Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the passage time in an empty barrel of the water to be treated is approximately 3 to 10 min.
FR8408026A 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT AND PURIFICATION OF WASTEWATER, BY FLOCCULATION IN A FLUIDIZED BED, WITHOUT THE USE OF REAGENTS Expired - Lifetime FR2564820B1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8408026A FR2564820B1 (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT AND PURIFICATION OF WASTEWATER, BY FLOCCULATION IN A FLUIDIZED BED, WITHOUT THE USE OF REAGENTS
CA000481870A CA1273131A (en) 1984-05-23 1985-05-17 Process for water treatment and purification through flocculation of suspended solids on a fluidised bed
US06/735,862 US4743376A (en) 1984-05-23 1985-05-20 Water purification by a fluidized bed
DE85401002T DE3587650D1 (en) 1984-05-23 1985-05-21 Water purification process using fluidized-bed flocculation of the suspended particles.
EP85401002A EP0162783B1 (en) 1984-05-23 1985-05-21 Method of treating water by fluidized bed floculation of suspended matter
AT85401002T ATE97113T1 (en) 1984-05-23 1985-05-21 WATER PURIFICATION PROCESS USING FLUIDIZED BED FLOCKING OF THE SUSPENDED PARTICLES.
IL75275A IL75275A (en) 1984-05-23 1985-05-22 Process for the treatment and purification of water by the flocculation of suspended particles in a fluidized bed
ES543433A ES8607883A1 (en) 1984-05-23 1985-05-23 Method of treating water by fluidized bed floculation of suspended matter.
JP11126985A JPS60261514A (en) 1984-05-23 1985-05-23 Separation of suspended substance in solution
US07/148,498 US4954259A (en) 1984-05-23 1988-01-26 Process for the treatment and purification of water by the flocculation of suspended particles in a fluidized bed

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FR8408026A FR2564820B1 (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT AND PURIFICATION OF WASTEWATER, BY FLOCCULATION IN A FLUIDIZED BED, WITHOUT THE USE OF REAGENTS

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH287573A (en) * 1950-02-16 1952-12-15 Ag Jatolit Process and system for purifying water.
EP0085629A1 (en) * 1982-02-01 1983-08-10 Gozal, David Process for the flocculation of suspended particles in a liquid and application to the recovery of vegetable microalgae and zoological plankton, and to the purification of waste water
DE3332214A1 (en) * 1982-09-15 1984-03-15 Gunnar Fredrik 18402 Österskär Peterson Process and plant for the chemical purification of water

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5349853A (en) * 1976-10-15 1978-05-06 Takeshi Fukuyama Drainage treating method and apparatus
US4415445A (en) * 1981-08-06 1983-11-15 Shell Oil Company Process for the agglomeration of solids

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH287573A (en) * 1950-02-16 1952-12-15 Ag Jatolit Process and system for purifying water.
EP0085629A1 (en) * 1982-02-01 1983-08-10 Gozal, David Process for the flocculation of suspended particles in a liquid and application to the recovery of vegetable microalgae and zoological plankton, and to the purification of waste water
DE3332214A1 (en) * 1982-09-15 1984-03-15 Gunnar Fredrik 18402 Österskär Peterson Process and plant for the chemical purification of water

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FR2564820B1 (en) 1990-02-09

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