FR2549963A1 - Radiological method and apparatus for studying seeds using a substance opaque to radiation - Google Patents

Radiological method and apparatus for studying seeds using a substance opaque to radiation Download PDF

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FR2549963A1
FR2549963A1 FR8312685A FR8312685A FR2549963A1 FR 2549963 A1 FR2549963 A1 FR 2549963A1 FR 8312685 A FR8312685 A FR 8312685A FR 8312685 A FR8312685 A FR 8312685A FR 2549963 A1 FR2549963 A1 FR 2549963A1
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seeds
substance
image
opaque
radio
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FR2549963B1 (en
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CLAEYS LUCK
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CLAEYS LUCK
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • G01N23/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the material being a flowing fluid or a flowing granular solid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • G01N23/083—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the radiation being X-rays

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

The method and apparatus is intended for the study of the morpho-functional and germination characteristics of seeds by treating them using a substance opaque to radiation and carrying out a radiographic examination using closed circuit television, the image being processed and interpreted by means of an electronic computer. The first stage I treats the seeds O on a microporous support A which absorbs the substance B from a layer forming a reservoir, B being opaque to radiation. This substance has an isotonic composition and concentration, is harmless and has no biological side effects. The seeds O placed in this device are exposed to a heat source C which will accelerate germination. In the second stage II, the seeds O are subjected to an X-ray source D on a support E consisting of a photon amplifier which can be excited by X-rays and of a light sensor F formed by a photographic film or by an electronic sensor. In the third stage III, the image is photographically or electronically processed.

Description

L'invention concerne une méthode et un appareil d'exploration des caractères morpho-fonctionnels et germinatifs des semences par traitement avec substance radio-opaque et examen radiographique à l'aide d'un circuit fermé de télévision, l'image tant traite et interprétée par l'intermédiaire d'un ordinateur electronique.  The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for exploring the morpho-functional and germinal characteristics of seeds by treatment with radio-opaque substance and radiographic examination using a closed television circuit, the image being both processed and interpreted. through an electronic computer.

On connaît diverses méthodes pour l'éxploration de la viabilité, du potentiel germinatif et de la vigeur germinative: mesure de la résistance ou de la capacité alectrique en conditions de serrage dans un diélectrique, mesure dans un mimieu humide, ou mesure dans un mimieu gazeux par phnnomène d'électroluminescence. Toutes ces méthodes peuvent fournir des donnes sur la viabilité des semences en liaison avec la variation du contenu en eau et d'électrolytes dans l'embryon, mais elles ne peuvent mettre en évidence ni l'activité métaboli- que et les fonctions de l'embryon, ni les modifications de structure causées par des infestations parasitaires ou des détériorations produites par manipulation.Il n'est pas non plus possible de déterminer la facule germinative de graines ayant des enveloppés paisses. Various methods are known for the exploration of viability, germination potential and germination vigor: measurement of the resistance or of the electrical capacity under clamping conditions in a dielectric, measurement in a wet medium, or measurement in a gaseous medium by electroluminescence phenomenon. All these methods can provide data on the viability of seeds in connection with the variation of the water and electrolyte content in the embryo, but they cannot reveal either the metabolic activity and the functions of the neither the embryo nor the structural changes caused by parasitic infestations or deterioration produced by manipulation. It is also not possible to determine the germination facule of seeds with thick envelopes.

Les images radiographiques obtenues en conditions normales ne peuvent pas mettre en évidence les structures de moindre densité de l'embryon qui sont perméables aux radiations X. X-ray images obtained under normal conditions cannot reveal the structures of lower density of the embryo which are permeable to X-rays.

Différentes substances colorantes ont également e oto utilises pour permettre de voir plus facilement l'embryon vivant. Ainsi, des résultats significatifs ont e éto obtenus avec des substances comme le bleu de méthylène, différents sels de tetrazolium, des drivés de fluorescéine. Toutes ces méthodes détruisent les grains car elles imposent la réalisation des sections histologiques pour l'examen macro- ou microscopique. Different coloring substances have also been used to make it easier to see the living embryo. Thus, significant results have been obtained with substances such as methylene blue, various tetrazolium salts, fluorescein derivatives. All these methods destroy the grains because they impose the realization of histological sections for macro- or microscopic examination.

La pressente invention consiste en une méthode d'exploratio des caractères morpho-fonctionnels et germinatifs des semences par traitement avec une substance radio-opaque et examen radiographique. La présente invention élimine les inconvénients précédemment cités. Elle consiste tout d'abord à traiter les semences destinées au test avec une substance de contraste radio-opaque, isotonique et sans actions nocives sur la viabilité de l'embryon.Les grains sont ensuite placets en conditions de germination accélérée et sont observes aux rayons X, en obtenant une image d'absorbtion différenciée de la substance radio-opaque en fonction de l'activité biologique de l'embryon ou de différentes modifications de structure des semences testes
L'image radiographique peut être obtenue dans des conditions d'exposition conventionnelles, ou par un système d'interprétation électronique de l'image avec une camera de télévision et un calculateur.The present invention consists of a method of exploring the morpho-functional and germinal characteristics of seeds by treatment with a radio-opaque substance and radiographic examination. The present invention eliminates the aforementioned drawbacks. It consists first of all in treating the seeds intended for the test with a radio-opaque, isotonic contrast substance and without harmful effects on the viability of the embryo. The grains are then placed under conditions of accelerated germination and are observed on the rays. X, by obtaining a differentiated absorption image of the radiopaque substance as a function of the biological activity of the embryo or of different structural modifications of the seeds tested
The radiographic image can be obtained under conventional exposure conditions, or by an electronic image interpretation system with a television camera and a calculator.

Deux exemples de réalisation de la présente invention sont présentées en annexes: - la figure 1 correspond au schéma de principe général ; laifigure 2 represente une installation automatique d'exploration, de traitement et d'unterprétation électronique des images radiographiques. Two embodiments of the present invention are presented in appendices: - Figure 1 corresponds to the general block diagram; Figure 2 represents an automatic installation for the exploration, processing and electronic interpretation of radiographic images.

Conformémént à l'invention, la méthode d'exploration des caractères morpho-fonctionnels et germinatifs des semences par traitement avec une substance radio-opaque et examen radiographique, dans un premier temps I, consiste dans le traitement des semences O sur un support microporeux A; qui absorbe la substance radio-opaque ' B d'une couche reservoir. Cette substance est de comopsition et de concentration isotonique, sans nocivité et sans effets biologiques secondaires. Les semences 10 , placézs dans ce dispositif; sont exposons i une source de chaleur C qui provoquera une germination accélérée. In accordance with the invention, the method of exploring the morpho-functional and germinal characteristics of seeds by treatment with a radio-opaque substance and radiographic examination, firstly I, consists in the treatment of seeds O on a microporous support A ; which absorbs the radio-opaque substance 'B from a reservoir layer. This substance is of co-op and isotonic concentration, without harmfulness and without side biological effects. Seeds 10, placed in this device; are exposed to a heat source C which will cause accelerated germination.

Dans un deuxième temps II, les esmences O sont soumises b une spurce D de rayons X, sur un support E amplificateur photonique excitable par les rayons X, Et un photo-capteur
F constitué par une pellicule photographique QU par un capteur électronique; dans un troisième temps III, l'image est traite photographiquement ou électroniquement.In a second step II, the species O are subjected to a spurce D of X-rays, on a support E photonic amplifier excitable by X-rays, And a photo-sensor
F consisting of a photographic film QU by an electronic sensor; thirdly III, the image is processed photographically or electronically.

La figure 2 pressente un appareil automatique de radiogra- phie ralis conformément à l'invention. I1 est caractérisé par le fait que les semences testes O sont maintenues dans un germoir :1 dans lequel elles sont mises en contact avec la substance radio-opaque diluée de façon precise et optimale. La température est surveillée par un capteur a qui transmet des signaux électriques dans le dispositif thermométrique b. Celui-ci, $modifie la production de la source de chaleur c par l'intermédiaire du thermostat d. FIG. 2 foresees an automatic radiography apparatus produced in accordance with the invention. I1 is characterized by the fact that the seeds tested O are kept in a germinator: 1 in which they are brought into contact with the radio-opaque substance diluted in a precise and optimal manner. The temperature is monitored by a sensor a which transmits electrical signals to the thermometer b. This, $ modifies the production of the heat source c via the thermostat d.

Après cette phase, les semences 0 sont laves dans le eécipient '2, pour éliminer la substance radio-opaque en excès. Ensuite les semences sont transportées dans le séchoir distributeur 3 qui les charge sur un tapis roulant 4 entraîne par un electro-moteur 5 . Ce moteur est contrôlé par un dispositif"marche-arrêt" avec vitesse contrôle '6
Les semences O , sur le tapis roulant 4, sont irradies d'une manière continue ou intermittente par la source de rayons
X,7, placée sous un écran intensificateur de lumière 8.After this phase, the seeds 0 are washed in the container '2, in order to remove the excess radio-opaque substance. Then the seeds are transported in the distributor dryer 3 which loads them onto a conveyor belt 4 driven by an electro-motor 5. This motor is controlled by an on-off device with speed control '6
The seeds O, on the conveyor belt 4, are irradiated continuously or intermittently by the ray source
X, 7, placed under a light intensifying screen 8.

L'image radiographique est enregistre par la camera de télé- vision 9, qui est commande par un dispositif de synchronisation 10. Ce dispositif 10 contrôle en même temps le "marchearrêt" 6 de l'éléctro-moteur 5 qui fait rouler le tapis roulant 4. L'image obtenue par la caméra de télévision 9 est traite électroniquement par le dispositif II dans lequel l'image normale améliore le rapport signal sur bruit; cette image est mieux contraste et permet d'obtenir des significations morphologiques par effets de relief ou de couleurs conventionnelles.Cette image étant soit enregistre e dans la mémoire 12 soit directement affiche sur un moniteur 14; l'image peut alprs entrer dans l'ordinateur 13 où elle est analysée sous l'aspect de la signification morphologique, fonctionnelle et statistique . En même temps l'ordinateur 13 pilote la caméra de télévision 9 en réglant la luminosité et l'angle de prise de vue, de cette façon elle réalise les difforents agrandissements necessaires à l'explortaion. De plus, ce même ordinateur 13 contrôle le régime de fonctionnement de la source de rayons X,7.The radiographic image is recorded by the television camera 9, which is controlled by a synchronization device 10. This device 10 simultaneously controls the "stop market" 6 of the electro-motor 5 which makes the treadmill roll. 4. The image obtained by the television camera 9 is processed electronically by the device II in which the normal image improves the signal to noise ratio; this image is better contrasted and makes it possible to obtain morphological meanings by relief effects or conventional colors. This image is either recorded in memory 12 or directly displayed on a monitor 14; the image can then enter the computer 13 where it is analyzed under the aspect of morphological, functional and statistical significance. At the same time the computer 13 controls the television camera 9 by adjusting the brightness and the angle of view, in this way it achieves the various enlargements necessary for the explortaion. In addition, this same computer 13 controls the operating regime of the X-ray source, 7.

L'appareil réalisé conformémént à l'invention, fonctionne de la manière suivante: les semences O sont introduites dans le germoir 1 où elles restent pendant une durée déterminée par la nature de la substance radio-opaque utilise, par la diffusibilité de celle-ci, par les enveloppes des semences testes et par le but de l'exploration: examen morphologique ou détermination de l'activité germinative.  The apparatus produced in accordance with the invention operates in the following manner: the seeds O are introduced into the germinator 1 where they remain for a period determined by the nature of the radio-opaque substance used, by the diffusibility of the latter , by the envelopes of the seeds tested and by the purpose of the exploration: morphological examination or determination of the germinative activity.

Cette dure varie de quelques dizaines de minutes jusqu'a des dizaines d'heures.Les substances radio-opaques utilisees sont des dérivés organiques iodes dont la tolerance biologique est bonne, et qui peuvent être dilues jusqu'aux concentrations isotoniques. L'effet thermique produit par la source de chaleur C et maintenu par la chaîne thermostatique a, b, c, d stimule l'activité métabolique de l'embryon: l'absorbtion de la substance radio-opaque est favorise par le passage de l'eau et des électrolytes à un rythme socéléré. Après le lavage dans le réservoir 2, les semences sont séchées dans le séchoir-distribuiteur 3.Elles sont ensuite réparties uniformé- ment sur le tapis roulant 4. Quand les semences O arrivent sous l'e'cran 8, le moteur électrique 5, qui entraîne le tapis roulant 4, est arrête par le dispositif "marche-arrêt6, en meme temps la production de rayons X est déclenchée, et la camra de télévision 9 se met en route. Le synchronisateyr 10 contrôle la coordination de ces fonctions automatiques 6, 7, 9.This duration varies from a few tens of minutes to tens of hours. The radio-opaque substances used are organic iodine derivatives with good biological tolerance, which can be diluted to isotonic concentrations. The thermal effect produced by the heat source C and maintained by the thermostatic chain a, b, c, d stimulates the metabolic activity of the embryo: the absorption of the radio-opaque substance is favored by the passage of the and electrolytes at a societal rate. After washing in the tank 2, the seeds are dried in the dryer-distributor 3. They are then distributed uniformly on the conveyor belt 4. When the seeds O arrive under the screen 8, the electric motor 5, which drives the treadmill 4, is stopped by the on-off device6, at the same time the production of X-rays is triggered, and the television camera 9 starts up. The synchronizer 10 controls the coordination of these automatic functions 6 , 7, 9.

L'image radiographique amplifiée en lumière est contraste par l'intensificateur photonique 8, est traite dans le dispositif II avec les possibilités mentionnées dans la description de la pressente invention. L'image est ensuite enregistrée dans la mémoire 12, affichez e directement ou sous forme traite sur le moniteur 140 L'image est simultanément analysée sur l'ordinateur 13, qui decide, en fonction de la signification des images standard, la modification du régie de fonctionnement de la camera de télévision 9 ou la modification du regime de fonctionnement de la source de radiations 7. The radiographic image amplified in light is contrasted by the photonic intensifier 8, is processed in device II with the possibilities mentioned in the description of the present invention. The image is then saved in memory 12, display e directly or in processed form on the monitor 140 The image is simultaneously analyzed on the computer 13, which decides, depending on the meaning of the standard images, the modification of the control room operating the television camera 9 or modifying the operating regime of the radiation source 7.

L'image obtenue par cette technique reflet les caractères morpho fonctionnels des semences et particulièrement, en ce qui concerne les caractères germinatifs pqr la mise en évidence des différents tissus embryonnaires et de leur aspects différents selon qu'ils sont bien vivants, malades ou morts
L'impregnation passive de l'enveloppe et des autres structures internes peut mettre en évidence des anomalies de structure ou l'existence de parasites. The image obtained by this technique reflects the morpho-functional characters of the seeds and particularly, with regard to the germinal characters pqr the highlighting of the different embryonic tissues and their different aspects according to whether they are alive, sick or dead
Passive impregnation of the envelope and other internal structures can highlight structural anomalies or the existence of parasites.

A partir de ces observations, on peut ptablir des indices de viabilite, de vigeur germinative ou d'infestation parasitaire. From these observations, we can establish indices of viability, germination vigor or parasitic infestation.

De par ses possibilités, cette méthode d'exploration des caractères morpho-fonctionnels germinatifs des semences, qui utilise un traitement avec une substance radio-opaque et un examen radiographique, ne peut être remplace par aucune autre technique d'investigation existante. Because of its possibilities, this method of exploring the germinative morpho-functional characteristics of seeds, which uses treatment with a radio-opaque substance and radiographic examination, cannot be replaced by any other existing investigative technique.

Cette invention pressente aussi les avantages d'une investigation automatique, du stockage des donnees, et des différentes analyses sur ordinateur.  This invention also foresees the advantages of an automatic investigation, data storage, and various analyzes on a computer.

Claims (3)

REVENDICATIONS 1) La méthode d'exploration des caractères morphofonctionnels et germinatifs des semences par traitement avec une substance radio-opaque et examen radiographique est caractnrisne par le fait premièrement de traiter préalablement les semences destines au test avec une substance de contraste radio-opaque, isotonique et sans actions nocives sur la viabilité de la semence, deuxièmement de placer les semences en conditions de germination accélérée et de les examiner aux rayons X, et troisièrement d'obtenir une image d'absorbtion de la substance radio-opaque, différentie selon l'activité biologique de la semence ou de differentes modifications de structure des semences testées. 1) The method of exploring the morphofunctional and germinal characteristics of seeds by treatment with a radio-opaque substance and radiographic examination is characterized by firstly treating the seeds intended for the test with a radio-opaque, isotonic and without harmful actions on the viability of the seed, secondly to place the seeds in conditions of accelerated germination and to examine them with X-rays, and thirdly to obtain an image of absorption of the radio-opaque substance, differentiated according to the activity organic seed or different structural changes in the seeds tested. 2) L'appareil automatique de radiographie réalise conformément à la revendication 1, caracteris par le fait que les semences testes (O) sont maintenues dans un germoir (1) dans lequel elles sont mises en contact avec la substance radio-opaque en dilutions optimales convenables, et dans des conditions de température contrôlées par un capteur (a) qui transmet des signaux électriques dans le dispositif de thermométrie (b), qui à son tour modifie l'emission de la source de chaleur (c) par l'intermèdiaire du thermostat (d). 2) The automatic radiography device produced in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the tested seeds (O) are kept in a germinator (1) in which they are brought into contact with the radiopaque substance in optimal dilutions suitable, and under temperature conditions controlled by a sensor (a) which transmits electrical signals into the thermometry device (b), which in turn modifies the emission of the heat source (c) through the thermostat (d). Les semences (O) sont ensuite lavées dans le réservoir (2) pour eliminer l'excès de substance radio-opaque; elles sont alors transportées dans le séchoir - distributeur (3) qui les charge sur un tapis roulant (4) actionné par un électr moteur (5), contrôlé à son tour par un dispositif 1,marche- arrêt" avec vitesse contrôlée (6); les semences (O) sur le tapis roulant (4) sont irradies d'une manière continue ou intermittente par la source de rayons X (7) place au-dessous d'un cran intensificateur de lumière (8).L'image radiographique estei"r'egistre'e par la caméra de télévision (9), qui est commandée par un dispositif de synchronisation (10); le synchronisateur (10) est connecté au dispositif "marche-arrêt" (6) de l'électro-moteur (5) qui fait rouler le tapis roulant (4) ; l'image obtenue par la campera de télévision (9) est traitée électroniquement par le dispositif (11) dans lequel l'image normale améliore le rapport signal sur brui t, elle e est de ce fait contraste et obtent des significations morphologiques nar effets de relief 017 de couleurs conventionnelles. Elles sont soit enregistrées deans la mémoire (12), soit directement affichée sur un moniteur (14).Dans ce dernier cas, l'image neoit être mise en compte par l'ordinateur (13) quilanalyse quant i sa signification morphologique, fonctionnelle et statistique. Simumtanément, l'ordinateur (13) pilote la caméra de télévision (9) en réglant la luminosité et l'angle de nrise à vue, de façon N obtenir les difforents stades d'agrandissements imposés par l'exploration; l'ordinateur (13) contrôle aussi le regime de fonctionnement de la source de rayons X (7);The seeds (O) are then washed in the tank (2) to remove the excess of radiopaque substance; they are then transported in the dryer - distributor (3) which loads them on a conveyor belt (4) actuated by an electric motor (5), in turn controlled by a device 1, on-off "with controlled speed (6) ; the seeds (O) on the conveyor belt (4) are irradiated continuously or intermittently by the X-ray source (7) placed below a light intensifying notch (8). is recorded by the television camera (9), which is controlled by a synchronization device (10); the synchronizer (10) is connected to the "on / off" device (6) of the electro-motor (5) which makes the treadmill (4) roll; the image obtained by the television screen (9) is processed electronically by the device (11) in which the normal image improves the signal to noise ratio, it is therefore contrasted and obtains morphological meanings by the effects of relief 017 of conventional colors. They are either recorded in memory (12) or directly displayed on a monitor (14). In the latter case, the image must not be taken into account by the computer (13) which analyzes as to its morphological, functional and statistical. At the same time, the computer (13) controls the television camera (9) by adjusting the brightness and the angle of vision on sight, so as to obtain the different stages of enlargements imposed by the exploration; the computer (13) also controls the operating regime of the X-ray source (7); 3) Dispositif conformnment aux revendications 1 et 2 destiné au traitement des semences (O) sur un support microporeux (A) qui absorbe la substance radio-opaque (B) d'une couche reservoir. Ces semences sont soumises à un traitement thermique produit par une source de chaleur (C) afin d'obtenir une germination accélérée.  3) Device according to claims 1 and 2 for the treatment of seeds (O) on a microporous support (A) which absorbs the radio-opaque substance (B) from a reservoir layer. These seeds are subjected to a heat treatment produced by a heat source (C) in order to obtain an accelerated germination.
FR8312685A 1983-07-29 1983-07-29 RADIOLOGICAL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EXPLORING SEEDS WITH RADIOOPAQUE SUBSTANCE Expired FR2549963B1 (en)

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NL1004209C2 (en) * 1996-10-04 1998-04-07 Have D J Van Der Bv Method and structure for seed quality assessment.
NL1002966C2 (en) * 1996-04-26 1999-03-22 Ball Horticultural Co Method of determining quality of seed of lot of crop - involves determining proportion of seedlings which have leaf surface area that exceeds surface area threshold, generating indication of seed quality based upon proportion determined
WO2005031367A2 (en) * 2003-09-23 2005-04-07 Monsanto Technology Llc High throughput automated seed analysis system
US7685768B2 (en) 2004-08-26 2010-03-30 Monsanto Technology Llc Automated testing of seeds
US7998669B2 (en) 2006-03-02 2011-08-16 Monsanto Technology Llc Automated contamination-free seed sampler and methods of sampling, testing and bulking seeds
US8028469B2 (en) 2006-03-02 2011-10-04 Monsanto Technology Llc Automated high-throughput seed sampler and methods of sampling, testing and bulking seeds
US8189901B2 (en) 2007-05-31 2012-05-29 Monsanto Technology Llc Seed sorter
US9986699B2 (en) 2004-08-26 2018-06-05 Monsanto Technology Llc Methods of seed breeding using high throughput nondestructive seed sampling
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WO1998014046A1 (en) * 1996-10-04 1998-04-09 D.J. Van Der Have B.V. Method and apparatus for the quality assessment of seed
NL1004209C2 (en) * 1996-10-04 1998-04-07 Have D J Van Der Bv Method and structure for seed quality assessment.
WO2005031367A2 (en) * 2003-09-23 2005-04-07 Monsanto Technology Llc High throughput automated seed analysis system
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US7998669B2 (en) 2006-03-02 2011-08-16 Monsanto Technology Llc Automated contamination-free seed sampler and methods of sampling, testing and bulking seeds
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US8189901B2 (en) 2007-05-31 2012-05-29 Monsanto Technology Llc Seed sorter
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