FR2543840A1 - Static fire-extinguishing device using a high-swelling foam - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire-extinguishing device using a high-swelling foam, comprising a water supply 1, a reserve 3 of emulsifier and a foam atomising and propelling device. The technical problem to be solved is to make a static device which is capable of functioning in every position. In the fire-extinguishing device according to the invention, the foam atomising and propelling device consists of a Venturi nozzle 7 whose inlet 8 receives the ambient air, which comprises an atomiser 6 placed inside the said nozzle 7 and which receives the mixture of water 2 and of emulsifier, and which comprises a lateral inlet 12, 13 placed upstream of its restriction 14 and connected to a supply 16 of pressurised propellent gas during the operation of the extinguishing device. Application particular to the protection against fire of small-sized closed enclosures, in particular of motor vehicles.

Description

4 -

  "Static fire extinguisher device with high expansion".

  The invention relates to protective devices

  tion against fire using high-expansion foam projection Such devices can be used, among other things, for the protection of closed rooms, any start of fire being extinguished by cooling and impregnating the materials with a foam.

high profusion.

  High-expansion foam extinguishing devices are already known, intended in particular for closed enclosures; these devices essentially comprise a source of water, a reserve of emulsifying product, and a device for spraying and propelling the foam. The latter makes it possible first of all to produce the foam by spraying the mixture.

  water and emulsifier with ambient air, the propor-

  tions being for example 900 liters of air, 100 liters of water and liters of emulsifying product, and, on the other hand, to be projected

  the foam obtained in the enclosure to be protected so as to suffocate

  start a fire The spraying and

  foam propulsion generally consists of a fan

  lator which can be driven by an auxiliary motor, for example an electric motor, or by a hydraulic turbine driven by

  pressurized water These extinguishing devices are not

  to operate very rarely and, therefore, is pos-

  likely that when these devices are to operate, the

  mobile parts are seized and therefore the extinguisher device does not work To avoid this, a maintenance service must be provided to check that the mobile parts are not seized and that the extinguisher device is in working condition.

  Furthermore, the fact that the high-faith foam-

  sound is not dangerous for the human organism since

  foam bubbles containing air, it is possible to

  even if the foam occupies the entire closed enclosure, it is therefore possible to use such extinguishing devices in reduced enclosures and in particular in motor vehicles Indeed, in the event of an accident, it would be necessary

2 2543840

  have an automatic fire extinguisher device that stops

  very beginning of fire and allows to avoid many victims.

  In this case, an extinguisher device must be provided which can

  operate even if the vehicle is overturned.

  be a fire extinguisher that can work in all

the positions.

  The subject of the invention is a device for extinguishing

  of the aforementioned type which is static, that is to say which does not

  no moving parts which could get stuck or seize up,

  which facilitates the verifications of the state of functioning

  operation of the device; moreover, the extinguisher device

  according to the present invention can operate in all po-

sitions.

  The high-faith foam fire extinguisher

  The ringing according to the invention is notably remarkable in that the device for spraying and propelling the foam consists of a Venturi nozzle whose inlet receives ambient air, which comprises a sprayer disposed inside said nozzle and receiving the mixture of water and emulsifier, and

  which has a side entrance arranged upstream of its

  and connected to a source of pressurized propellant

  during operation of the extinguisher device.

  We see that the device according to the invention has no movable mechanical part since the production

  and the propulsion of the foam is carried out using propellant gas

under pressure.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the water and the emulsifying product are placed in a tank connected to the aforementioned sprayer and also connected to the source.

  of propellant gas under pressure during operation of the

  positive extinguisher Because of this, the propellant gas is also used to drive the mixture of water and product

  emulsifier-in the sprayer.

  According to yet another characteristic of the in-

  vention, the emulsifying product is contained in a closed cartridge _-3 disposed in the aforementioned water tank, and connected to the source of propellant gas, said cartridge being designed to

  break under the pressure of said propellant It can be seen that the

  changing the water and the emulsifying product is only carried out during the operation of the extinguisher device, and always under

the action of the propellant gas.

  Advantageously, the end of the connecting tube

  sound from the water tank to the diffuser arranged in the venturi nozzle opposite the latter is movable so as to always immerse in the liquid whatever the position of the tank. Thanks to this arrangement, the extinguishing device according to the invention

  can work in all positions.

  This can be achieved by the fact that said end of the connecting tube is articulated on a rotating joint.

and has a counterweight.

  Other features and advantages of the

  vention will emerge from the following description, made as

  illustrative, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which

  FIG. 1 is a diagram of an embodiment

  tion of an extinguisher device according to the invention; Fig 2 is a detail view of the water tank and emulsifier; FIG. 3 represents the end of the tube connecting the water tank to the sprayer, and FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating the use of a device according to the invention in a vehicle

public transportation.

  Fig 1 schematically shows an example

  production of a high abundance foam extinguisher device

  ment according to the invention It comprises a reservoir 1 containing water 2 and an emulsifying product contained in a cartridge 3

  disposed in the reservoir 1 which is closed by a plate 4 serving

  before its filling A connecting tube 5 connects the interior of the tank to a sprayer 6 constituted for example by a

emulsion tube.

  In accordance with the invention, the device for producing and propelling the foam essentially consists of a Venturi nozzle diffuser 7, the inlet 8 of which receives ambient air, for example via a hose 9 Le sprayer 6 is disposed in the Venturi nozzle 7 along the axis of the latter in the cone 11 of the Venturi nozzle The inlet 8 of the nozzle 7 has a lateral opening 12 opening into a peripheral channel 13 disposed just upstream of the throttle 14 A grid or screen 15 with a fine mesh closes the end of the

cone 11.

  A source of pressurized gas 16 is connected to the opening 12 by a pipe 17 and to the cartridge 3 by a pipe 18; a valve 19 interposed on the pipe

  17 and which can be controlled automatically and / or manually-

  the command to send the propellant gas contained in the source 16 into the nozzle 7 and the cartridge 3; a regulator 21 can also

  be placed on this pipe 17.

  Advantageously, the propellant gas can be

  consisting of compressed air in a tank 16.

  Fig 1 is a detail view showing the

  tank 1 containing the water 2 and the cartridge 3 of emulsified product

  sifier; line 5 connecting the tank to the sprayer

  6 opens into the tank at one end 22 which, in accordance

  ment to the invention, is movable so that it always plunges

  in water whatever the position of the tank In the example

  ple shown, this is obtained, as illustrated in fig 3, by the fact that the end 22 is connected to the pipe 5 by

  via a rotary joint 23 and it comprises a

  tre-poids 24 in such a way that the end 22 always opens out towards the bottom of the tank 1 whatever the position of the latter. 4 Advantageously, the reservoir 1 has a round or spherical shape and the rotary joint 24 is disposed in the center

  of the reservoir 1 so that the mouth 25 of the end

  mite 22 is always as close as possible to the bottom of the tank.

  FIG. 4 represents an example of installation of a fire extinguisher device according to the invention in a

  public transport such as a coach 26 In this case, the

  The production and propulsion side of the foam 7 is placed inside the cabin, preferably at one end of the latter, for example at the rear, while the tank 1 and the reserve 16 of propellant gas can be arranged outside the passenger compartment, for example in the luggage compartment The valve

  command 19 is controlled, as shown in diagram 27, automatic-

  by a fire detection device and / or manual-

  ment, for example by means of a safety trigger

available to users.

  The operation of the extinguisher device which has just been described is as follows If a fire breaks out in

  the protected enclosure such as the passenger compartment 26 of the transfer vehicle

  common port shown in fig 4, either by automatic control,

  either by manual control, the valve 19 is opened, which li-

  gas the propellant contained in the source 16.

  This propellant has two functions: on the one hand, via line 17, it supplies the energy necessary to propel the ambient air used to make the foam, on the other hand

  this gas will, via line 18, burst

  ter cartridge 3 containing the emulsifying product which will mix

  change with the water 2 contained in the tank 1 The mixture thus

  obtained is therefore under pressure in tank 1 and goes, by the

  end of line 5 arrive at the spraying device

  tor 6 disposed in the Venturi nozzle 7.

  This Venturi 7 nozzle uses the principle of expanding a gas in a Venturi cone. The propellant is

  introduced by a lateral and peripheral entry, its relaxation

  evoking the intake of ambient air through inlet 8 via

  diary of the sheath 9 and its ejection from the front of the cone 11.

-

-2543840

  In this high-speed pulsed air flow, the sprayer 6 will diffuse the mixture of water and emulsifying product; this mixture will be finely sprayed and sprayed

  against the sieve 15, the fine mesh of which will transform the mixture

  ge in a volume of foam which will very quickly fill the protected enclosure and extinguish the fire by cooling effect and

materials impregnation.

  We are that the invention makes it possible to obtain a fire extinguisher device using high expansion foam which is static and therefore does not require any particular maintenance.

  and which can be used in any position.

  The invention has been described in application to the fire protection of a public transport vehicle, but it is obvious that the invention can be applied to closed enclosures of all dimensions, but the extinguisher device

  according to the invention is particularly suitable for pregnant-

  your small dimensions In particular the device according to the invention can advantageously be used for fire protection in premises where work is carried out

of industrial paint.

6 -

7 2543840

Claims (1)

CLAIMS> High expansion foam spraying device comprising a water source (1) X a reserve (3) of emulsifying product and a device for spraying and propelling the foam, characterized in that the device for spraying and propelling the foam consists of a Venturi nozzle (7), the inlet (8) of which receives ambient air, which comprises a sprayer (6) disposed inside said nozzle (7 ) and which receives the mixture of water (2) and emulsifier, and which has a side inlet (12,13) disposed upstream of its throttle (14) and connected to a source (16) of propellant under pressure during operation of the extinguisher device. ) Extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the water and the emulsifying product are contained in a tank (1) connected to the sprayer <6) and also connected to the source (16) of propellant gas under pressure during operation of the extinguisher device. ) Extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the emulsifying product is contained in a closed cartridge (3), disposed in said reservoir (1) and connected to the source (16) of propellant gas during operation. of the device, said cartridge (3) being designed to break under the pressure of the propellant gas. ) Extinguishing device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the end (22) of the pipe (5) connecting between the water tank (1) and the diffuser <6) opposite to the latter is movable so as to always immerse in the liquid regardless of the position of the reservoir (1).   50) Extinguishing device according to the claim   tion 4, characterized in that the end (22) of the tube of the cana-   lization (5) is articulated on a rotating joint (23) and has a counterweight (24) f   ) Extinguishing device according to any one   as in the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas 8 2543840   propellant is pressurized air contained in a tank.   ) Extinguishing device according to any one   as in the preceding claims, characterized in that the source   this (16) of propellant gas is connected to the water tank (1) and to the diffuser (6) via a pressure reducer (21).   ) Extinguishing device according to any one   as in the preceding claims, characterized in that it is   controlled by a valve (19) arranged between the source (16) of propellant gas on the one hand and the water tank <1) and the diffuser (6) on the other hand.   ) Extinguishing device according to any one   as in the preceding claims, characterized in that the end   mite cone (11) of the Venturi nozzle (7) is provided with a screen (15).   >) Extinguishing device according to the claim   tion 5, characterized in that the water tank (1) is round or spherical and in that the rotating joint (23) is arranged in the center of the tank (1).