FR2535041A1 - AUTOMATIC RIFLE WITH GAS LOAN - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Automatic gun with gas tapping, of the type in which the mechanism (15) for locking/unlocking the arm, and which provides also the discharge of the cartridge case, and which is housed within the breech box (2) is automatically actuated at the time of unlocking under the effect of a gas tapping in the barrel (1) and is returned automatically in the locking position by a recovery spring (18) which provides also the feeding of a fresh cartridge located within a tube-magazine (3), said gun being of the type having a piston (9) driven by the force of the gases tapped from the barrel sliding within the fastening piece (6) of the barrel and surrounding the tube-magazine, said piston consisting of a cylindrical block having a section fitting within a recess of the annular piece and delimitating an annular chamber (11) for the storage of the gases, said piston (9) co-operating during the movement thereof with means (13) for transmitting the motion of the piston comprising lateral arms and permitting the operation of the mechanism (15) for the locking/unlocking of the arm through the intermediary of control means (14), characterized in that the transmission means (13) comprise two endwise juxtaposed rings coaxial rings (16-17) mounted slidably on the tube-magazine, one of which (the ring 16) is provided with two lateral longitudinal U-shaped notches (23) opening horizontally outwardly, the other one (the ring 17) being provided with two lateral longitudinal U-shaped notches (25) opening vertically upwardly, and include two flat and elongated lateral arms (19, 20) each one of which is engaged within a horizontal notch (23) and a vertical notch (25) both located on the same side of the barrel (1), the ends of said arms directed towards the breech box (5) being arranged to be associated with the intermediate means (14) for the control of the locking/unlocking mechanism (15), said means being capable of driving freely said mechanism within the breech box (2) to cause this mechanism to be locked/unlocked relative to the barrel (1).

Description

4 2535041

  The present invention relates to a rifle

  automatic gas borrowing type in which the mechanism of verroilil-

  lage / unlocking of the weapon, which also causes the ejection of the socket and which is housed in the receiver, is actioned automatically unlocking under the effect of a loan of

  gas in the barrel, and is brought back into the lock position

  by a recuperator spring which also realizes the supply of

  a new cartridge located in a magazine tube.

  In the field of portable firearms

  cannon, such as automatic and semi-automatic rifles

  the same way, as in the case of certain

  machine guns, the principle of borrowing gases at a point in the

  cannon, which provides the energy needed to rearm the weapon.

  In this type of weapon, the gases borrowed from the barrel are introduced into a gas chamber secured to the barrel and in which a piston, driven in one direction by the action of the gases, and constantly subjected on its other face, the action of a recovery spring pushing the piston in the opposite direction, the piston being connected in general to a bolt by a connecting rod system with articulated links In addition, in these systems, but also in general in the other

  transmission and / or control systems for locking / unlocking

  the majority of the coagulant pieces are either made in the form of complex pieces in one piece, or rendered mutually supportive by rigid functions such as

pins, screws and / or welds.

  Now, this type of rigid attachment of parts

  has two major disadvantages: on the one hand, the interchangeability

  It is difficult to repair and / or maintain such parts, in addition to the fact that in the parts used in the prior art, there are important constraints and increased wear and friction and jamming efforts

  essential parts of the various weapons mechanisms of the weapon.

  2 - This is why the present invention aims to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned above, by providing, in an automatic rifle of the type indicated above, together

  simple without joint, screw, nut or the like.

  This problem is solved according to the invention thanks to the fact that the rifle comprises a piston ma by

  the force of the gases borrowed from the barrel and constituted by a cylindrical block

  smooth drique sliding in a piece of attachment of the barrel and surrounding the tube store, and delimiting with the piece of attachment

  an annular chamber for storing gases, means for transmitting

  movement of the piston to the locking / unlocking mechanism

  rusting, which are freely moving coaxially to the tube store

  and the piston between the rear face of the latter and the spring

  cup, and intermediate control means of the locking / unlocking mechanism capable of freely driving said mechanism inside the breech boot to bring it to itself.

  locking / unlocking relative to the barrel, the means of

  mission and the control means being constituted respectively

  by parts coupled exclusively by

  complementary shape bonds.

  Thus the different parts are interconnected by simple interlocking reciprocal, which simplifies the assembly and demor tage and allows a inr-uchanqgeability asée parts. Moreover, as will emerge from

  detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention.

  vention, the piston movement transmission means, the locking / unlocking mechanism and the control means of this mechanism are separately constituted of several pieces as simple as possible, nested with or without play the

  in each other, which also makes it possible to

  simplification with less complex forms, and therefore with a

reduced cost price.

  Other features and benefits

  The invention will emerge from the description given below,

  3 taken in reference to the accompanying drawings, in which; FIG 1 represents a schematic exploded overall view of the rifle according to the invention, on which

  non-referenced mixed lines identify the provisions and directives

  reciprocal assembly of the different parts;

  Figures 2 and 3 represent respectively

  partially axial section views of the front part of the

  rifle of fig 1 in the armed state and in a transitory state appa -

falling during a shot.

  As can be seen in fig 1 which

  presents the rifle according to the invention as a whole, except the butt and wooden front or handguard hiding the various parts, the reference 1 designates the barrel, the reference 2 the receiver and the reference 3 a tube store housing the cartou

  connected to the receiver in front of an elec-

  4 to insert the cartridge into the chamber 5.

  The magazine tube is fixed in a

  this attachment 6 of the barrel, welded to the latter and having the

  me of a cylindrical sleeve traversed by the magazine tube 3 and which has a coaxial recess 7 (see also fig 2 and 3) leaving

  subsist a frontal flange 8 enclosing the store tube.

  In this recess 7 is arranged by slidingly surrounding the tube, magazine 3 a smooth hollow stent 9 having the shape

  a cylindrical sleeve and provided with a front collar 10 of di-

  reduced meter abutting against the bottom of the recess 7 (against the collar 8), this collar delimiting 10 with the recess

  7 an annular chamber 11 (Figs 2 and 3) which is connected to the inte-

  barrel 1 by at least one oblique passage as spotted

by the reference 12.

  Preferably, the length of the piston 9

  and the recess 7 are identical so that the rear faces

  piston 9 and the attachment part 6 are level when

  the piston 9 is fully retracted into the recess 7.

  FIG. 1 also shows in detail the means 13 for transmitting the movement of the piston 253504 'l _ 4

  9 to means 14 for controlling the locking mechanism 15 / de-

  rifle lock that will be described below.

  The means 13 for transmitting the movement

  The piston 9 is constituted by two coaxial rings 16, 17 juxtaposed by being slidably mounted on the magazine tube 3 by being urged continuously towards the piston 9 by the recuperating spring 18 and by two longitudinal actuating arms 19.

  The spring 18 is a helical pressure spring mounted on

  be the breech box 2 and the rear ring 17.

  The front ring 16 is in the form of

  chon wearing a kind of upper heel 21 provided with two longitudinal and horizontal side wings 22 enclosing a slightly curved central surface This ring 16 carries two notches

  U longitudinal 23 opening laterally outwardly.

  The rear ring 17 is ring-shaped

  thin in the longitudinal direction carrying in its upper part

  two lateral corner thickenings 24 bearing

  Longitudinal U-shaped slats 25 opening vertically upward.

  The arms 19, 20 are lateral arms

  flat and elongated, each of which is engaged in a horizontal

  23 and in a vertical notch 25, located in the same

side of the barrel 1.

  As clearly shown in FIG.

  19,20 arm are fixed at their end located on the

  piston 9, on the ring 16, by means of vertically stepped parts

  ticals 26 limiting a rectangular longitudinal cut 27

  formed in each arm The length of the cutouts 27 is light-

  greater than the longitudinal thickness of the ring 16, tan-

  say that their height corresponds to the width of the notch 23, if -

  although the edges of the stepped portions 26 enclose the ring 16 by reciprocal interlocking In addition, the arms 19,20 are fixed

  against any lateral displacement in the notches 25 of the ring 17.

  On their other end turned towards

  the breech box 5, the arms 19,20 are connected by assemblies -

  post and post locks as described below with the means

DO 2535041

  14 control of the locking mechanism.

  For this purpose, the bra S 19 comprises a projection 28 and a cut-out 29, these two elements being directed upwards and contiguous. In addition, the arm 20 carries an horizontal elongated slot 30 and a vertical shoulder 30

mity 31.

  The means 14 for controlling the mechanism 15 for locking / unlocking the rifle are constituted by two superposed and aligned parts in the receiver 2, namely

  a lower piece 32 in the form of a plate or horizontal sole

  tale and a top piece 33 in the form of a parallelepiped block

  that elongated, the parts 32 and 33 interpenetrating by interlocking

  reciprocal as indicated below.

  The sole 32 has a long side

  its polygonal periphery, a cutout 34 and a projection, horizontal, engaging by interlocking with the projection 28 and the cutout 29 of the arm 19 The soleplate 32 has 1 furthermore on its opposite longitudinal side, a projection 36 and a shoulder 37, horizontal, engaging with the light 30 and the shoulder

  In addition, the sole 32 has a central cut-out

rectangular tread 38.

  The upper part 33 of the control means 14 comprises a lower central pin 39 engaged in the

  central cut 38 being thus blocked against any moving

  horizontally in the latter room 33 also includes

  a transverse cylindrical orifice 40 into which can be introduced

  duit an unlocking finger 410

  The locking / unlocking mechanism

  rusting comprises a locking block 42 of generally elongate parallelepiped shape open at its lower part and at its upper part This block 42 actually encloses a free space in which is housed, with a certain longitudinal clearance, the

  piece 33 of the control means 14, which can move there paral-

  parallel to the axis of the barrel 1 and the magazine tube 3.

  6 - On a longitudinal side of the block 42 is formed a horizontal slot 43 in which can slide

the unlocking finger 41.

  The mechanism 15 further comprises a latch 44 in the form of a rocking hammer head resting freely

  inside the block 42 on the part 33 of the control means 14.

  This lock has oblique bottom surfaces 45.46 front and rear ends with opposite slopes back to the

  median of the lower surface and resting against the transverse

  versales front and back and / or the flat upper face of the

room 33.

  In addition, the lock has at its end

  upper moit front, a locking heel 47, able to cli-

  queter in an opening 48 of the upper rear end of the barrel tube 1 The operation of the rifle thus considered will be described below with reference to FIG 2, showing a partial axial section of the rifle in the armed state, and in FIG 3 representing

  the same sectional view of the rifle in a transient state appearing during firing.

  In the armed position, the rings 16 and 17 are pushed by the recuperating spring 18 against the rammed earth

  your 9 which has returned fully into the attachment piece 6 {fig 2).

  When firing, some of the gases are

  borrowed at the barrel 1, circulates in the passages or passages 12 while penetrating

  in the chamber 10, wherein said gases exert a pressure.

  The gases thus compressed repel violently ("blow hammer") the piston 9 backward (to the left in the figure), which gives the necessary impetus rings 16,17 to push back the control arms 19, 20, against the force of the spring 18, in accordance with the arrows 49 in FIG. 3 In this figure, the intermediate position 50 called "exhaust" of the piston 9 is shown in dot-dash line at the moment when the latter clear of

  the recess 7 of the attachment piece 6 and releases the compressed gases.

  During the retreat of arms 19,20 to

  the latter, secured by interlocking with tenons and

-7-

  sizes of the sole 32 of the control means 14 repel this

  your sole, and thus the piece 33 which is nested behind it.

  Therefore, the front and rear edges of the piece 33 retreating, the latch 44 of the means 15 of locking / unlocking, which is supported by its inclined surfaces 45,46 on said edge, is lowered to the front by rising back, which releases the locking heel 47 of the opening 48 during this operation

  the hollow block 42 remains fixed in the receiver 2.

  Then as soon as the piece 33 has crossed the game, which it delimits with the block 42, it pushes the latter in the

  breech box, which is accompanied by the extraction of the

  the lugs 51 mounted at the front of the block 42.

  Simultaneously a new cartridge, not shown, is presented to the elevator system 4, in connection with

the tube magazine 3.

  It is then the recoil of the dog who comes to arm himself on the trigger prolonging the tail of relaxation (classic set not shown here), and finally the coming

  stop, at the end of the race, block 42 in the breech bofte 2.

  In this state, the recuperating spring 18 then pushes forward all the rings 16, 17 and the piston 9 in the armed position. During this operation, the arms 19, 20 which are attached to the rings 16, 17 pull towards the front of the means 14 of control mechanism 15, which has the effect that the front edge of the block 33 pushes up the latch 44 by its oblique front surface 45, while the ridge

  rear of block 33 moves forward allowing a lowering of

  As a result, the lock stub 47 re-

  goes up and hangs in the opening 48 -

  During these locking operations,

  the cartridge is lifted by the elevator system 4 and is introduced

in the room 5.

  It can therefore be seen that according to this

vention: -

8 2535041

  1) On the one hand, the piston 9 has a very simple shape, is smooth and has only a collar or shoulder 10 on its front face, limiting with the piece 6 a

  chamber 11, and it is noted that (FIG. 3) as soon as the piston 9 is disengaged

  ge of the room 6, the gases escape and this makes it possible to limit the influence of violent thrusts likely to damage the mechanism of the weapon during the firing of powerful munitions, and this without any valve of regulation as it is the case in the prior art. 2) the fixing of the parts

  of the locking / unlocking mechanism 15,

  14 and transmission means 13 is simple, without any

  rigid fasteners such as pins, screws, nuts or welds, which makes the interchangeability of parts and, in

  possible repairs facilitated.

  Friction and jamming efforts of large assemblies such as 19,20 arms and 16,17 rings

  arm support are thus limited to the maximum, all the parts

  these being free from each other, while being

  mitted in their relative movements as a result of their assem-

  fencing, which establishes the fixed assets

  longitudinal, lateral and vertical dimensions and / or guidance

  respective authorities on or in other rooms.

_ 9 2535041

Claims (6)

  1) Automatic gas rifle   of the type in which the locking / unlocking mechanism (15)   weapon, which also causes the ejection of the socket, and which is housed in the receiver (2) is automatically actuated unlocking under the effect of a borrowing of gas in the   barrel (1) and is automatically returned to the   ratching by a recuperating spring (18) D which also realizes the supply-of a new cartridge located in a magazine tube (3) ë characterized in that it comprises a piston (9) by the force of the gases borrowed from the barrel (1) and constituted by a smooth cylindrical block sliding in a fastening piece (6) of   barrel and surrounding the magazine tube (3) and delimiting with the   it attaches an annular chamber (11) for storing gases -   means (13) for transmitting the movement of the piston to the mechanism   me (15) locking / unlocking, which are freely movable coaxially with the magazine tube (3) and the piston (9) between the face   rear of the latter and the recuperating spring (18), and   intermediate yen (14) controlling the locking mechanism /   unlocking able to freely drive said mechanism away-   inside the receiver (2) to lock it /   unlocking relative to the barrel (1) where the means (13) for transmitting   mission and the control means (14) being respectively   by parts coupled exclusively between them by   complementary form connecting members. Rifle according to claim 1,   characterized in that the transmission means (13) of the movement   piston (9) are constituted by two coaxial rings jux-   end taps (16,17) slidably mounted on the magazine tube (3) and one of which (16) carries two longitudinal U-shaped cuts   sides (23) opening horizontally outwards and   tr (17) is provided with two lateral longitudinal U-shaped notches   (25) opening vertically upwards, and by two lateral arms   flat and elongated layers (19,20) each of which is engaged in a   horizontal size (32) and a vertical notch (25) always   both on the same side of the barrel (1).   - 3) Rifle according to claim 2,   characterized in that the lateral arms (19,20) are attached to the   calf of one of their ends on the ring (16) adjoining the piston   (9) by means of vertical stepped portions (26) limiting a   rectangular longitudinal section (27) formed in said arms,   in such a way that the length of said cutout (27) is lightly   greater than the longitudinal thickness of the ring (16), while its height corresponds to the width of the notch (23)   so that the edges of the stepped portions (26) enclose the   (16) by interlocking the corresponding part of the arm in the associated notch.   4) Rifle according to claim 3, characterized in that the other ends of the lateral arms (19,20) are connected by assemblies with tenons and notches (28-31,34-37) to the means (1 i) conmmande mechanism (15) for locking / unlocking. ) A rifle according to claim 4, characterized in that a first (19) of the two arms of the transmission means (13) bears on its other excrement, a projection (28) and a cutout (29% vertical and contiguous, that the second arm (20) bears on its other end, a horizontal elongated light   (30) and a vertical end shoulder (31).   6) Rifle according to any one of   claims 4 and 5, characterized in that said means (14)   two pieces (32,33) superimposed in the receiver (2) and nested one inside the other, the first (32) is formed of a plate or lower flat sole whose circumference is provided on a longitudinal side with a horizontal cut (34) and a projection (35) coming into engagement with said projection (28) and cutting (29)   of the first arm (19), and on the other longitudinal side, of a   jumping (36) and a shoulder (37) horizontal, engaging   with said light (30) and said vertical shoulder (31) of the   arm cock (20), the second piece (33) being a parallelepiped block   a lower central pin (39) is engaged in a 11 2535041   central cutout (38) of the sole (32) being blocked against   any horizontal displacement in the latter.   7) Rifle according to any one of   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mechanism (15) of   locking / unlocking consists of a locking block (42) of elongate parallelepipedal shape recessed and open at its lower part and at its upper part, and housing with a certain longitudinal clearance the second piece (33) of said means (14 ), able to move parallel to the axis of the barrel (1) and the store tube (3) and a lock (44) in the form of rocking hammer head resting freely within the locking block (42) on said second upper part (33) of the control means, and snap in an opening (48) of the rear upper end of the barrel (1) by means of a heel   locking device (47) located at the top of said lock.   ) Rifle according to claims 6 and   Taken together, characterized in that the second part   this (33) "control means comprises a horizontal orifice   side (40) into which an unlocking finger can be engaged.   ge (41) outside, that the locking block (42) is provided, on   one of its sides, a horizontal longitudinal slot (43) -   in which the unlocking finger can slide, and that the latch (44) has oblique lower surfaces with slopes   opposite (45,46> going back to the middle part of the   and used to support said latch (44) on the second   upper part (33) of the control means, which is of one   less than that of the latch (44) so that the latch is either in the tilted position forward, in which case it is lowered out of the opening (48) of the barrel (1) by being returned to   the inside of the latter, either in the tilted position towards the   in which case it is pushed upwards in the said opening.   ture (48) and is blocked there against any movement.