FR2534016A1 - Measuring device with displacement sensor - Google Patents
Measuring device with displacement sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2534016A1 FR2534016A1 FR8216603A FR8216603A FR2534016A1 FR 2534016 A1 FR2534016 A1 FR 2534016A1 FR 8216603 A FR8216603 A FR 8216603A FR 8216603 A FR8216603 A FR 8216603A FR 2534016 A1 FR2534016 A1 FR 2534016A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- carriage
- graduations
- rule
- sensor
- displacement sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
- G01D5/34746—Linear encoders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Dispositif de mesure à capteur de déplacement
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de mesure à capteur de déplacement, du type d'une règle opto-électronique,qui est conçu pour permettre des mesures de longueur de grande précision et fournir des résultats sous forme électronique, directement utilisables par exemple pour des commandes automatiques.Measuring device with displacement sensor
The present invention relates to a measuring device with displacement sensor, of the type of an opto-electronic rule, which is designed to allow very precise length measurements and to provide results in electronic form, directly usable for example for commands. automatic.
Dans ce dispositif, on a cherché notamment à proposer une construction simple et peu coûteuse, facile à réaliser sous une forme conférant au dispositif une très grande solidité. Dans la pratique, il est particulièrement utile de ce fait pour les applications de mesure et de positionnement sur les machines-outils qui demandent une résolution de l'ordre de.O,l mm, ce qui est le cas par exemple pour l'usinage et la découpe des bois, des agglomérés, des tôles, des matières plastiques, des tissus, et tous matériaux analogues.In this device, we sought in particular to propose a simple and inexpensive construction, easy to produce in a form giving the device a very high solidity. In practice, it is therefore particularly useful for measurement and positioning applications on machine tools which require a resolution of the order of 0.1 mm, which is the case for example for machining. and cutting wood, chipboard, sheet metal, plastics, fabrics, and all similar materials.
Dans cette optique, l'invention propose un dispositif de mesure à capteur de déplacement et décompte de graduations, qui comporte un chariot mobile le long d'une règle munie de graduations réparties à des intervalles égaux correspondant à un pas déterminé, un capteur de déplacement monté sur ledit chariot et comprenant une pluralité d'éléments sensibles fournissant des signaux d'impulsion à leur passage sur les graduations de la règle, et des moyens de comptage cumulé des impulsions ainsi émises successivement au cours du déplacement du chariot, les éléments individuels du capteur étant écartés les uns des autres, dans la direction de déplacement du chariot d'une distance correspondant à un nombre fractionnaire de pas des graduations. With this in mind, the invention proposes a measuring device with displacement sensor and counting of graduations, which comprises a carriage movable along a ruler provided with graduations distributed at equal intervals corresponding to a determined step, a displacement sensor mounted on said carriage and comprising a plurality of sensitive elements supplying pulse signals as they pass over the graduations of the rule, and means of cumulative counting of the pulses thus emitted successively during the movement of the carriage, the individual elements of the sensor being spaced from each other, in the direction of movement of the carriage by a distance corresponding to a fractional number of steps of the graduations.
Dans une forme de réalisation pratique du dispositif selon l'invention, on utilise avantageusement comme éléments sensibles des détecteurs électrooptiques à émission et détection, qui fonctionnent donc par réflexion sur la surface de la règle graduée. In a practical embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is advantageous to use as sensitive elements electro-optical detectors with emission and detection, which therefore operate by reflection on the surface of the graduated rule.
D'autre part on peut avoir intérêt à utiliser un capteur amovible, ou des éléments sensibles réglables dans leurs positio respectives sur le chariot, afin de pouvoir choisir à volonté l'écartement entre les éléments et adapter ainsi facilement le capteur à chaque règle graduée particulière sur laquelle le chariot peut être monté. Il est particulièrement simple, et donc en général- préférable, de prévoir un écartement des éléments sensibles dans le capteur tel que "n" élément couvrent
"n + 1" graduations ou multipl de graduations.On the other hand it may be advantageous to use a removable sensor, or sensitive elements adjustable in their respective positions on the carriage, in order to be able to choose at will the spacing between the elements and thus easily adapt the sensor to each particular graduated rule. on which the carriage can be mounted. It is particularly simple, and therefore in general- preferable, to provide a spacing of the sensitive elements in the sensor such that "n" element cover
"n + 1" graduations or multipl of graduations.
Le dispositif selon l'invention présente encore d'autres caractéristiques et d'autres avantages qui apparaitront dans le courant de la description qui va suivre et qui concerne un mode de réalisation particulièr du dispositif choisi à titre d'exemple et nullement limitatif. La description se réfère aux figures 1 à 3 des dessins annexés dans lesquelles : la figure 1 montre schématiquement le dispositif, la règle graduée et son chariot étant représentés en vue de dessus;
La figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale partielle du dispositif de la figure 1;
La figure 3 représente un schéma synoptique de la partie électronique
Le dispositif des figures 1 et 2,convenant pour être monté sur des machines-outils, comporte principalement une règle graduée 1, un chariot 2 mobile sur cette règle, dans le sens de sa longueur, et un coffret 3 contenant l'appareillage électronique qui assure l'affichage des résultats des mesures. The device according to the invention also has other characteristics and other advantages which will appear in the course of the description which follows and which relates to a particular embodiment of the device chosen by way of example and in no way limiting. The description refers to Figures 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows schematically the device, the graduated rule and its carriage being shown in top view;
Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the device of Figure 1;
FIG. 3 represents a block diagram of the electronic part
The device of FIGS. 1 and 2, suitable for being mounted on machine tools, mainly comprises a graduated rule 1, a carriage 2 movable on this rule, in the direction of its length, and a box 3 containing the electronic equipment which displays the measurement results.
Dans le cas particulier décrit la règle 1 estconstituée par un réglet en acier inoxydable, dont les graduations 4 sont gravées chimiquement ou mécaniquement. Sur la surface réfléchissante de la règle, ces graduations forment des traits minces, non réfléo chissants. Elles sont tracées en travers de la règle et réparties à des intervalles égaux correspondant à un pas déterminé, par exemple un inifliniètre ou un demi millimetre. In the particular case described, rule 1 is constituted by a stainless steel rule, the graduations 4 of which are chemically or mechanically etched. On the reflective surface of the ruler, these graduations form thin, non-reflective lines. They are drawn across the ruler and distributed at equal intervals corresponding to a determined step, for example a inlinear or half a millimeter.
Le chariot 2 est monté surla règle 1 de manière à pouvoir coulisser sur celle-ci, sans heurt ni frottement. Dans le cas décrit, le chariot 2 comporte trois galets qui guident ses déplacements le long de la règle. The carriage 2 is mounted on the rule 1 so as to be able to slide thereon, without impact or friction. In the case described, the carriage 2 has three rollers which guide its movements along the rule.
Deux galets 5 et 6 sont en prise sur l'un des bords de la règle 1, tandis que le troisième 7 appuie sur le bord opposé. Les trois galets comportent une gorge de poulie de manière à mieux maintenir la stabilité.Two rollers 5 and 6 are engaged on one of the edges of the rule 1, while the third 7 presses on the opposite edge. The three rollers have a pulley groove to better maintain stability.
Les galets 5 et 6 sont libres en rotation sur des axes qui sont fixés sur le chariot. Le galet 7, par contre, est monté à l'extrémité d"un levier 8, articulé en 9 sur le chariot et soumis à l'action d'un ressort 10 qui a pour effet de rappeler élastiquement le galet 7 en appui sur le bord de la règle. Cette disposltion permet d'exercer par le galet 7 une pression constante sur la règle et d'assurer une compensation des irrégularités de cette règle.On remarque d'autre part, que les galets 5, 6 et 7 sont conformes avec une gorge de poulie en prise sur les bords de la règle, ce qui permet de maintenir la stabilité.-
En variante de la construction qui vient d'être décrite, le chariot 2 pourrait glisser sur des galets, des rouleaux ou des patins portés par la règle 1.The rollers 5 and 6 are free to rotate on axes which are fixed on the carriage. The roller 7, on the other hand, is mounted at the end of a lever 8, articulated at 9 on the carriage and subjected to the action of a spring 10 which has the effect of resiliently restoring the roller 7 bearing on the edge of the ruler. This arrangement allows the roller 7 to exert constant pressure on the ruler and to compensate for irregularities in this ruler. We also note that the rollers 5, 6 and 7 conform with a pulley groove engaged on the edges of the rule, which allows to maintain stability.
As a variant of the construction which has just been described, the carriage 2 could slide on rollers, rollers or pads carried by the rule 1.
Par ailleurs, le dispositif comporte avantageusement des moyens permettant d'essuyer automatiquement la règle au cours des déplacements du chariot, pour prévenir le passage de particules dans la zone de mesure. Ces moyens sont constitués par des balais ou raclettes 11 et 12, équipant les bords transversaux du chariot.Furthermore, the device advantageously includes means making it possible to automatically wipe the rule during the movements of the carriage, to prevent the passage of particles in the measurement zone. These means are constituted by brushes or squeegees 11 and 12, equipping the transverse edges of the carriage.
Sur le chariot 2 est monté un capteur 13, réalisé sous forme amovible et interchangeable. Le capteur 13 comprend plusieurs éléments sensibles électro-optiques 14, disposés en série parallèlement à la règle 1 et à la direction de déplacement du chariot. On the carriage 2 is mounted a sensor 13, produced in removable and interchangeable form. The sensor 13 comprises several electro-optical sensitive elements 14, arranged in series parallel to the rule 1 and to the direction of movement of the carriage.
Les différents éléments 14 sont fixés sur un support commun 15 de maniere à se disposer face aux graduations 4 de la règle 1, à travers une lumière 16 ménagée à cet effet dans le chariot.The different elements 14 are fixed on a common support 15 so as to be placed facing the graduations 4 of the rule 1, through a hole 16 provided for this purpose in the carriage.
Les intervalles consécutifs entre les éléments 14 sont tous égaux, chacun à un nombre fractionnaire de pas des graduations 4. Dans le cas particulier représenté, les cinq éléments 14 de la série figurée couvrent un nombre de pas des graduations égal à un multiple de 6. L'écartement entre les éléments 14 peut être modifié en changeant le support 15, dans lequel ils sont montés. En variante, on pourrait aussi prévoir de monter les éléments chacun dans un support propre, individuellement réglable en position sur le chariot. The consecutive intervals between the elements 14 are all equal, each at a fractional number of steps of the graduations 4. In the particular case represented, the five elements 14 of the figured series cover a number of steps of the graduations equal to a multiple of 6. The spacing between the elements 14 can be modified by changing the support 15, in which they are mounted. Alternatively, provision could also be made to mount the elements each in a clean support, individually adjustable in position on the carriage.
Chacun des éléments sensibles 14 est constitué par une cellule électro-optique à émission et détection, fonctionnant par réflexion. Dans chacun, une diode électro-luminescente émet un faisceau de lumière infrarouge finement focalisé sur la règle graduée, tandis qu'un photo-détecteur reçoit la lumière réfléchie par la surface de la règle. Quand le chariot se déplace le long de la règle, la lumière réfléchie vers un élément sensible déterminé est interrompue au passage de chaque graduation, ce qui provoque l'apparition d'impulsions dans le signal recueilli aux bornes du détecteur. Les impulsions fournies par les éléments sensibles adjacents sont décalées dans le temps, du fait de l'écartement choisi entre les éléments, qui conduit à ce que les éléments ne passent pas en même temps sur des graduations différentes.Les signaux issus des différents éléments sensibles subissent une pré amplification et une première mise en forme dans un circuit imprimé 16 porté par le chariot 2, avant d'tre transmis par câble au coffret 3 où le traitement est poursuivi jusqutà l'affichage du résultat. Each of the sensitive elements 14 is constituted by an electro-optical emission and detection cell, operating by reflection. In each, an electroluminescent diode emits a beam of infrared light finely focused on the graduated rule, while a photo-detector receives the light reflected by the surface of the rule. When the carriage moves along the scale, the light reflected towards a specific sensitive element is interrupted at the passage of each graduation, which causes the appearance of pulses in the signal collected at the terminals of the detector. The pulses supplied by the adjacent sensitive elements are shifted in time, due to the spacing chosen between the elements, which leads to the fact that the elements do not pass at the same time on different graduations. The signals coming from the different sensitive elements undergo a pre-amplification and a first shaping in a printed circuit 16 carried by the carriage 2, before being transmitted by cable to the box 3 where the processing is continued until the display of the result.
Conformément au schéma synoptique-de la figure3 les différents signaux sont tout d'abord additionnés en 17, pour obtenir un signal cumulé 18 qui, dans le cas particulier décrit, contient autant d'impulsions par graduation qu'il y a d'éléments dans le capteur. In accordance with the block diagram of FIG. 3, the different signals are first added at 17, to obtain a cumulative signal 18 which, in the particular case described, contains as many pulses per graduation as there are elements in the sensor.
Le signal cumulé passe ensuite dans un comparateur à seuil 19, comprenant un amplificateur différentiel 20 et un détecteur de 0, 21, qui a pour effet de transformer le signal en une série d'impulsions brèves, en nombre doublé. Après mise en forme en 22, le signal est admis à des compteurs inclus dans le coffret 3, qui dénombrent les impulsions pour élaborer le résultat des mesures sous forme numérique, correspondant au nombre de graduations passées par le chariot entre deux positions déterminées.The accumulated signal then passes through a threshold comparator 19, comprising a differential amplifier 20 and a detector of 0.21, which has the effect of transforming the signal into a series of short pulses, in doubled number. After formatting at 22, the signal is admitted to counters included in the box 3, which counts the pulses to develop the result of the measurements in digital form, corresponding to the number of graduations passed by the carriage between two determined positions.
Naturellement l'invention n1 est nullement limitée au mode de réalisation qui a été décrit ci-dessus à titre d'exemple, Elle en englobe au contraire toutes les variantes. Naturally, the invention n1 is in no way limited to the embodiment which has been described above by way of example. On the contrary, it encompasses all its variants.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8216603A FR2534016B1 (en) | 1982-10-04 | 1982-10-04 | MEASURING DEVICE WITH DISPLACEMENT SENSOR |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8216603A FR2534016B1 (en) | 1982-10-04 | 1982-10-04 | MEASURING DEVICE WITH DISPLACEMENT SENSOR |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2534016A1 true FR2534016A1 (en) | 1984-04-06 |
| FR2534016B1 FR2534016B1 (en) | 1986-03-14 |
Family
ID=9277949
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8216603A Expired FR2534016B1 (en) | 1982-10-04 | 1982-10-04 | MEASURING DEVICE WITH DISPLACEMENT SENSOR |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2534016B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0184599A1 (en) * | 1983-09-12 | 1986-06-18 | Jean Pierre Bazenet | Measuring device with displacement sensor |
| US4936023A (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1990-06-26 | Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh | Method of and apparatus for mounting a position measuring device |
| FR2760842A1 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-09-18 | Sarl Mercure Innovation | Device for measurement and recording of natural or fabricated wood parameters, such as hardness variation. |
| EP1335189A1 (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2003-08-13 | Micro Mechatronic Technologies AG | Measuring apparatus for mutually guided components |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1548871A1 (en) * | 1966-09-10 | 1969-09-11 | Wenczler & Heidenhain | Arrangement for measuring lengths |
| US3533703A (en) * | 1966-06-23 | 1970-10-13 | Itek Corp | Linear motion encoder |
| FR2177611A1 (en) * | 1972-03-31 | 1973-11-09 | Dal Dan Felice | |
| US3956632A (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1976-05-11 | Fmc Corporation | Conveyor belt position monitoring device |
| GB2056660A (en) * | 1979-08-03 | 1981-03-18 | Stanley Tools Ltd | Displacement encoder for measuring rule |
-
1982
- 1982-10-04 FR FR8216603A patent/FR2534016B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3533703A (en) * | 1966-06-23 | 1970-10-13 | Itek Corp | Linear motion encoder |
| DE1548871A1 (en) * | 1966-09-10 | 1969-09-11 | Wenczler & Heidenhain | Arrangement for measuring lengths |
| FR2177611A1 (en) * | 1972-03-31 | 1973-11-09 | Dal Dan Felice | |
| US3956632A (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1976-05-11 | Fmc Corporation | Conveyor belt position monitoring device |
| GB2056660A (en) * | 1979-08-03 | 1981-03-18 | Stanley Tools Ltd | Displacement encoder for measuring rule |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0184599A1 (en) * | 1983-09-12 | 1986-06-18 | Jean Pierre Bazenet | Measuring device with displacement sensor |
| US4936023A (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1990-06-26 | Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh | Method of and apparatus for mounting a position measuring device |
| FR2760842A1 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-09-18 | Sarl Mercure Innovation | Device for measurement and recording of natural or fabricated wood parameters, such as hardness variation. |
| EP1335189A1 (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2003-08-13 | Micro Mechatronic Technologies AG | Measuring apparatus for mutually guided components |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2534016B1 (en) | 1986-03-14 |
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