FR2529919A1 - Nonwoven textile surface, method and device for manufacturing it - Google Patents

Abstract

Nonwoven textile surfaces, consisting of at least two webs of threads intersecting at an angle which can vary constantly from 5 to 90 DEG , preferably 10 to 60, the said webs being linked by a known method. Method for manufacturing textile surfaces according to which at least one web of threads is wound on a member which is imparted both a rotational movement and with a translational movement allowing the advancement of the web formed, the said web being deposited on the member through the use of at least one means allowing the translation of the threads with respect to the said rotary member, the textile surface formed then being picked up continuously. Device for manufacturing textile surfaces. Application of the surfaces: all textile uses, alone or in conjunction with other surfaces.

Description

 The present application relates to a nonwoven textile surface as well as to a method and device for its manufacture.

 Known textile surfaces are knitted and nonwoven woven surfaces. These nonwovens are obtained dry or wet from fibers arranged randomly, as well as melt by extrusion of continuous filaments. These latter nonwovens are well suited for applications such as public works, floor or wall covering, bodywork.

For applications such as tent, furniture, we also know the surfaces made of knitted sewn fibrous sheets.

 In addition, textile products of the grid type have also been produced. Generally associated with other surfaces or coated, heat-bonded or impregnated with resins to give them cohesion.

 For the production of textile surfaces from continuous filaments, it has also been proposed to extrude wicks and to wind them on a drum as described in US Patent No. 3,382,123, the wick being deposited on a rotary drum d in the manner of a cross winding on a winder, coming directly from a melter, the winding and cutting of the sleeve produced to obtain a flat surface being carried out batchwise, the deposit of the wick on the drum being carried out by a special oscillating device moving back and forth in a direction parallel to the axis of the drum.

 The present application relates to a nonwoven textile surface produced by a simple and continuous process.

 The present application relates to a nonwoven textile surface characterized in that it is constituted by at least two plies of crossed threads at a constantly variable angle from 5 to 90-, preferably from 10 to 60-, said plies being linked by a known method.

 The present application also relates to a process for the production of said surfaces, characterized in that at least one ply of wires is wound on a member at the same time animated by a movement of rotation and translation allowing the advance of the ply formed, said sheet being deposited on the member by means of at least one means allowing the translation of the threads relative to said member, the textile surface formed then being collected continuously.

The present application also relates to a device for producing the above-mentioned textile surface, characterized in that it comprises - an organ which is animated at the same time with a rotational movement and trans
lation, - at least one means of removing the wires allowing the translation
of said threads with respect to said rotary member, - at least one means for feeding the threads, - means for continuous recovery of the textile surface
carried out.

 By yarns is meant yarns of continuous crimped filaments, textured or not or latent crimping, yarns of exemplary or fancy fibers, possibly made up of fibers with potential crimping, cables of continuous crimped filaments or not. It is of course possible to take multi-filament yarns or monofilaments from at least one spinning or extrusion position located directly upstream and then used as a means of feeding the son continuously.

 The material constituting the threads can be natural, artificial or synthetic, used alone, in a mixture or in combination, such as stitching or twisting; with regard to synthetic textiles, they can be in a single or in several constituents such as in the form of a mixture or of core / sheath or rib / rib structure, or of the same constituent but with different characteristics (viscosity, degree of polymerization by example), the use of constituents with a low heat-bonding point or of wires with several constituents, one of which is fused at a lower temperature than the other, may be advantageous for the bonding of the web.

 The means allowing the translation of the wires with respect to the rotary member. Can be, for example, a means of the wire guide type driven back and forth parallel to the axis of said member, or else a pneumatic means. , or a worm-type means, the wires being deposited in each thread. The speed of the means can be uniform or variable either in the same translational movement from one end of the member to the other, or variable from one layer of wires to the other. This means can also be animated with a movement allowing the non-rectilinear deposition of the wire on the organ.

 It has indeed been found that the production of a textile surface by this process makes it possible, as a function of the speeds of the means for depositing the threads, means of advancing the sheet and of rotation of the member, the number of threads , the number of layers of yarns and their degree of overlap, to obtain surfaces whose grammage and / or appearance varies according to the desired applications.

 The attached figures and the description below relating thereto allow a better understanding of the request without limiting it.

 FIG. 1 represents an overall view of a device with a horizontal axis, which it is obviously possible to represent with a vertical axis.

 FIG. 2 represents a detail of FIG. 1 concerning the control of rotation of the device.

 Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 show the system for advancing the textile surface under formation and its details.

 Figures 9 and 10 show the textile surface recovery system.

 Figures 11 to 15 show the detail of a thread guide type means and the control system thereof.

 Figures 16 and 17 schematically represent the principle of formation of the layers.

 Referring to FIG. 1, there is a system A for rotating the cylinder, a system B for advancing the ply 22, a system C for recovering the textile surface 23, a system D for depositing the threads 21.

 Referring to Figures 2 to 9, there is a tube 1 which receives the rotational movement through the toothed wheel 2 (Figure 2). Ribs 8 spaced apart on the periphery of the tube allow positioning of endless belts 5 (FIG. 3).

These flat belts (5) located at the periphery of the tube 1 convey the ply of wires 22. The advance movement is transmitted by a pinion 3 driven by a chain, coupled to the bevel gear 6 driving the part 7 integral with the roller 9 on which the belts 5 rest (Figures 4 and 5). At the opposite end to the control, the roller 10 provides sufficient tension to each belt 5 by the threaded rod 11 (Figures 6 and -7).

 In Figure 8, we can see the means for supporting the belts 5 in the central part of the length of the cylinder.

The part 12 with a low coefficient of friction allows them to be cemented. The part 13 allows the sliding of the wires 21 driven by the belts 5.

 Figures 9 and 10 showing a system for recovering the textile surface 23, a distinction is made between the fixed cutting means 42, a cage 15 rotating around the cylinder 1 at one of its ends by means of the toothed wheel 20 connected by chain to the motor not shown. This balanced cage. by the mass 19, in its rotation, a mandrel 18 which recovers the textile surface 23.

The cage 15 is on one side mounted on a bearing, on the other it is guided by rollers 17 fixed on a casing 16.

 Referring to Figures 11 to 15 showing the wire guide type means and its operating members1 we distinguish the comb holder E, the tilting cam F and the animation system of the comb holder carriage G.

 Referring to FIGS. 11 and 15, there is a comb 24 made up of a series of open cells on the operator side to allow wires to be put back without stopping the machine, the support 25, the guide means 26 consisting of a raceway , the rollers '46 four in number which move in the guide means 26 and ensure the stability of the assembly.

Referring to Figures 11, 12, 13 and 14, there is a rocker 27, its movement is given to it by the pendulum 28, the axis 29 allows its rotation, the cam 30 and its profile imposing the speed of tilting; the slide 31 supports the axis 29 and authorizes the movement of the lever 27 between the two shock absorbers 32; the yoke 33 ensures the position of the slide 31 and the shock absorbers 32, the bracket 34 provides the connection between the comb holder and the tilting cam. The animation system of the carriage includes an electric motor, pins 35 and 36 allowing the carriage to be driven by means of pins 37 and 38. For the operation of the wire guide, the chaste 35 and -36 impose a speed constant or not constant with the carriage. The latter moves back and forth along a path parallel to the axis of the cylinder and the length of which is adjustable. On the forward movement of the carriage, for example from X to
Y, referring to FIGS. 13 and 14, the roller 39 comes into contact with the inclined plane 40, the rocker 27 pivots about the axis 29, the cam 30 compresses the spring 41 and imposes rapid rotation of the rocker 27 ; as a result of which the lever 27 is released from the pin 37 and is placed on the path of the pin 38 which moves in the opposite direction. The carriage, on its momentum, continues its movement and collides with the pin 38 which compresses the shock absorber 32 during the whole period of change of direction of the carriage via the slide 31. When the carriage moves from Y to Z (Figure 14), the slide 31 will resume its equilibrium position. An incline plane is provided at each end or not of the device to allow the return trip, its positioning Sst depending on the width of the comb - the ends of which at the end of the stroke must not exceed the length of formation of the sheet on the organ.

 In FIG. 15, one can see an embodiment of the comb holder device 24 and its guide means 26, as well as the wires 21.

 In operation, the wires 21 coming from a supply means (not shown) pass through the cells of the comb 24 supported by the carriage and come to be deposited in a sheet 22 of parallel wires on the figurative cylinder formed by the belts 5 distributed around the tube 1 communicating the rotational movement through the system A described above. The endless belts 5 being themselves animated during this time by a movement of advance in translation, the wires are deposited in a sheet which overlap progressively along a propeller thus shown in FIG. 16, the wire guide, meanwhile, moving from one end to the other of the cylinder, the plies formed cross and overlap, at the end of travel the thread guide meets the rocking stop and the movement is reversed as previously explained.

There is thus obtained due to the rotation of the cylinder, the translational movement of the wire guide of the helices of constant pitch wire, each wire on the cylinder forming a helix on the right then a helix on the left and so on. The ply formed is recovered in the form of a textile surface 23 by cutting the ply 22 & the desired length by a cutting means 42. The speed of the threads does not depend on the speed of advance of the rotating cylinder. The speed of the wire guide has no influence on the speed of the wire during its feeding to the cylinder but it creates by the displacement of the wire guide accelerations of the food coils.

 As indicated, it is possible to provide several wire guides moving in the same direction or in opposite directions from each other. The control of the wire guides, independently of that illustrated above, can be a control allowing the transmission by cable, just as the carriage can be mounted on an annex element such as tube outside the cylinder and moving along it. this.

 FIG. 17 represents the crossing of the threads as a function of the speed of the thread guide as well as the consequences produced at the change of direction. Referring to FIG. 18, there is a graph representing the speed of the thread guide as a function of time and its consequences on the crossing. : in tl the roulette 39 meets the inclined plane 40 (figure 12), the speed practically does not change until t2 and the crossover remains that shown in H. In t2 the speed drops rapidly, the rocker 27 is released from the counter 37, the crossover becomes that shown in I, due to the momentum, the flip-flop 27 meets the counter 38 which flows in the opposite direction, the collision is represented by t3 and the resulting crossover by J; the shock absorber 32 plays its role, the speed drops to zero.

When the shock absorber resumes its reverse direction of movement, the crossing angle changes as indicated in K, the wire guide carriage then resumes its pre-speed and its reverse movement movement which explains the crossing L in which the angles are equal to those of the cross H, the upper layer in H coming under the new layer deposited in L.

 As shown in H, the crossover is that of the wires at the end of their travel at each end of the latter. Between two changes of direction, the crossover can be uniform or variable, that is to say, with reference to FIG. 17, crossover H, represents the crossing of the wires 43 of a lower ply with the wires 44 of an upper ply, the angle Oc thus formed and the angle o 1 formed between the new ply of threads 45 and the ply of threads 44 previously deposited (FIG. 17 crossover L) may be equal or different, they may be equal either by superimposing the wires 45 and the wires 43, that is to say by shifting the wires 45 relative to the wires 43, preferably there will always be angles C> (and i 1 different from one sheet formed by two wires crossed to another; even it is possible to vary the angle oe during the removal of the second layer of wires 44. Thus, there will be in the layer of wires or from one layer to the other a constantly variable crossover. these movements, it should never be forgotten that the belts 5 are always in relative displacement relative to the neck wires removal rs. The surface obtained has an angle of crossing of the plies of wires which constantly varies from 5 to 900, preferably from 10 to 600.

 The bonding of the sheet is preferably carried out by needling, however it can be carried out by resins or by using fusible wires in combination with other wires; the tablecloth can be dyed, or printed, continuously, for example by transfer printing.

 The textile surface obtained is flexible; has an excellent textile feel and can be used for all usual textile applications, alone or in combination with other surfaces.

 The speed of the thread guide can be up to 5 meters / second.

All speeds can be varied via variators or DC motors.

Thus, in the example of a device, the following speed possibilities have been achieved: speed of rotation of the cylinder: from 6 to 100 revolutions / min speed of advance of the belts: from 0.2 to 0.8 m / min speed of the wire guide: from-O to 1.5 m / second number of wires: from 1 to 200 cylinder radius: 0.3 meters
On the product, the possibilities are preferably cross angle from 5 to 70- grammage up to 2 kilos per meter / square covering power from 0.02 h 0.15 number of layers 100 to 300
With 100 spools of thread of 100 dtex / 34 strands, we obtain a 2 2 production of 720 m or 26 kg / h and a surface area of weight 55 g / m2.

Claims (4)

 1 / - Nonwoven textile surfaces characterized in that they consist of at least two plies of threads crossed at a constantly variable angle from 5 to 90 ', preferably 10 to 60, said plies being linked by a known process.  2 / - A method for the manufacture of textile surfaces object of claim 1, characterized in that at least one ply of son is wound on a member both driven by a rotational and translational movement allowing the advance of the ply formed, said ply being deposited on the member by means of at least one means allowing the translation of the threads relative to said rotary member, the textile surface formed then being collected continuously.  3 / - Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the means is a guide-type means.  41 - Device for the manufacture of textile surfaces objects of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises - a member driven both by a rotational movement and by  translation, - at least one means for feeding the wires, - at least one means for removing the wires allowing the translation  yarns relative to said orthotic organ, - a continuous recovery means of the textile surface  carried out.  51 - Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the means for removing the son is a wire guide type means.  6 / - Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the removal means is driven by a variable speed.