FR2526953A1 - Magnetic detector for rotational speed and shaft position - has toothed ring with metal plate in zone where teeth are removed and uses magneto-resistive pick=up - Google Patents

Magnetic detector for rotational speed and shaft position - has toothed ring with metal plate in zone where teeth are removed and uses magneto-resistive pick=up Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2526953A1
FR2526953A1 FR8208529A FR8208529A FR2526953A1 FR 2526953 A1 FR2526953 A1 FR 2526953A1 FR 8208529 A FR8208529 A FR 8208529A FR 8208529 A FR8208529 A FR 8208529A FR 2526953 A1 FR2526953 A1 FR 2526953A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
teeth
disc
zone
crown
pick
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
FR8208529A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Pol Baptiste Louis Ducrot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Automobiles Citroen SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Automobiles Citroen SA filed Critical Automobiles Citroen SA
Priority to FR8208529A priority Critical patent/FR2526953A1/en
Publication of FR2526953A1 publication Critical patent/FR2526953A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/488—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by variable reluctance detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/245—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train
    • G01D5/2454—Encoders incorporating incremental and absolute signals
    • G01D5/2455—Encoders incorporating incremental and absolute signals with incremental and absolute tracks on the same encoder
    • G01D5/2457—Incremental encoders having reference marks

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Abstract

The magnetic detector for rotational speed and/or a given angular position of a turning shaft has a disc or ring (1) which is toothed (3) on at least part of its periphery. This toothed part has a zone (4) in which one tooth or several successive teeth have been removed. A magnetic resistance pick-up (5), with a coil (6) is placed near the teeth of the disc or ring. A metallic segment (7) such as a steel plate is placed in the zone where there are no teeth and is fixed to the disc or ring by means of screws (8) of the same material. The outer surface of the plate (7a) are withdrawn by a distance (d) w.r.t. the outer surface (3a) of the teeth. The metallic plate creates supplementary leakage flux in the zone. The distance (d) is determined experimentally such that the supplementary flux is practically equal to the drop in leakage flux resulting from the removal of the teeth. The output signal of the pick-up is no longer deformed at high speed and with sensitive pick-ups.

Description

Détecteur magnétique de la vitesse de rotation ou
d'une position angulaire donnée d'un arbre tournant.Magnetic speed sensor or
of a given angular position of a rotating shaft.

Pour détecter la vitesse de rotation d'un arbre tournant et/ ou le passage de cet arbre dans une position angulaire donnée, il est connu d'utiliser des dispositifs comprenant un disque, ou une couronne, qui est dent sur au moins une partie de sa périphérie, cetto partie comportant une zone dans laquelle une dent ou plusieurs dents successives ont été supprimFes, et un capteur & réluctance placé à proximité de la denture du disque ou de la couronne. To detect the speed of rotation of a rotating shaft and / or the passage of this shaft in a given angular position, it is known to use devices comprising a disc, or a crown, which is toothed on at least part of its periphery, this part comprising a zone in which a tooth or several successive teeth have been removed, and a sensor & reluctance placed near the toothing of the disc or of the crown.

Lorsque l'arbre est en rotation, le capteur fournit un signal sinusoidal auquel manque une impulsion chaque fois que la zone où la dent fait défaut passe devant le capteur. La fréquence des impulsions manquantes permet de connaître la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre alors que le moment où l'impulsion manque permet de repérer la position angulaire de cet arbre. When the shaft is in rotation, the sensor provides a sinusoidal signal which lacks a pulse each time the area where the tooth fails defies the sensor. The frequency of the missing pulses makes it possible to know the speed of rotation of the shaft while the moment when the missing pulse makes it possible to identify the angular position of this shaft.

Les dispositifs de détection de ce genre actuellement rEali- sés ne permettent pas d'obtenir & la fois une précision angulaire suffisa-sent élevée et une qualité de signal satisfaisante. Detection devices of this kind currently used do not make it possible to obtain both a sufficiently high angular precision and a satisfactory signal quality.

Si la définition angulaire est fable, c'est-à-dre ai le disque comporte moins de 60 dents sur toute sa périphérie, la distance entre dents permet une détection correcte mais la fréquence du signal obtenu doit Outre multipliée, de sorte que, en régime variable, les indications de la position sont erronées. If the angular definition is reliable, that is to say, the disc has less than 60 teeth over its entire periphery, the distance between teeth allows correct detection but the frequency of the signal obtained must also be multiplied, so that, in variable speed, position indications are wrong.

Par contre, si la définition angulaire est élevée, le disque comportant au moins 120 dents & sa périphérie, l'utilisation du passage à & zéro de la tension du capteur permet d'obtenir directe- ment une définition angulaire acceptable, mais le signal fourni par le capteur est alors si déformé à l'endroit du repérage qu'il devient inutilisable. Ce défaut s'aggrave lorsque l'entrefer, la vitesse de l'arbre et la sensibilité du capteur augmentent. On the other hand, if the angular definition is high, the disc having at least 120 teeth and its periphery, the use of the passage at & zero of the voltage of the sensor makes it possible to directly obtain an acceptable angular definition, but the signal supplied by the sensor is then so deformed at the location of the location that it becomes unusable. This fault becomes worse when the air gap, shaft speed and sensor sensitivity increase.

I1 apparait en effet un régime transitoire qui décale la ligne de zéro du signal sinusoidal. Ce décalage a pour effet de provoquer une erreur angulaire sur le déclenchement en décalant la phase du ou des tops suivant la dent manquante dans le cas où la vitesse de l'arbre et l'entrefer sont faible, ou de supprimer complito- ment le ou les deux premiers tops qui suivent la dent manquante dans le cas où la vitesse at l'entrefer sont importants.  I1 indeed appears a transient mode which shifts the line of zero of the sinusoidal signal. This offset has the effect of causing an angular error on the triggering by shifting the phase of the top (s) according to the missing tooth in the case where the speed of the shaft and the air gap are low, or to completely remove the or the first two tops following the missing tooth in case the speed at the air gap are important.

L'apparition de ce régime transitoire est liée notamment à l'importance relatve du flux de fuites (entrefer, pas entre dents). The appearance of this transient regime is linked in particular to the relative importance of the flow of leaks (air gap, not between teeth).

Lorsque le capteur se trouve en regard de la partie de la denture où manquent une ou plusieurs dents, le flux de fuite devient beau- coup plus faible que pour le reste de la denture. Cette variation du flux de fuite produit une f.e.m. de self-induction due au flux modulé par les dents défilantes et entraîne une déformation du signal.When the sensor is located opposite the part of the toothing where one or more teeth are missing, the leakage flux becomes much weaker than for the rest of the toothing. This variation in the leakage flow produces an f.e.m. of self-induction due to the flow modulated by the moving teeth and causes a distortion of the signal.

La présente invention a pour objet un détecteur magnétique du type ci-dessus, qui donne au contraire un signal de bonne qua- lité quelles que soient la valeur de l'entrefer et la vitesse de l'arbre, même avec des capteurs très sensibles. The subject of the present invention is a magnetic detector of the above type, which on the contrary gives a signal of good quality whatever the value of the air gap and the speed of the shaft, even with very sensitive sensors.

Le détecteur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que le disque ou la couronne comporte, dans sa zone dans laquelle une dent ou plusieurs dents successives ont été supprimées, un seg- ment métallique déterminé de manière que sa surface extérieure soit en retrait par rapport au contour extérieur de la denture. The detector according to the invention is characterized in that the disc or the crown comprises, in its zone in which a tooth or several successive teeth have been removed, a metal segment determined so that its outer surface is set back with respect to to the outer contour of the teeth.

Le segment métallique crée dans ladite zone un flux de fuites supplémentaires. Il est facile expérimentalement de détermi- ner le retrait de la face extérieure du segment de façon que ce flux supplémentaire soit pratiquement égal à la diminution du flux de fuites résultant de la suppression de la ou des dent. Le i- gnal de sortie du capteur n'est alors plus déformé même & grande vitesse et avec un capteur très sensible. The metal segment creates in this zone a flow of additional leaks. It is easy experimentally to determine the withdrawal of the external face of the segment so that this additional flux is practically equal to the reduction in the flow of leaks resulting from the suppression of the tooth (s). The sensor output signal is no longer distorted even at high speed and with a very sensitive sensor.

On a décrit ci-après, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, deux modes de réalisation du détecteur selon l'invention, avec référen- ce au dessin annexé dans lequel
La Figure I est une vue en élévation d'une partie du diapositif,
La Figure 2 montre en fonction du temps la variation de la tension induite dans le capteur,
Les Figures 3 et 4 sont des vues semblables à la Figure 2 dans le cas d'un détecteur usuels
La Figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'un détail d'un autre mode de réalisation.Two embodiments of the detector according to the invention have been described below, by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended drawing in which
Figure I is an elevational view of part of the slide,
Figure 2 shows as a function of time the variation of the voltage induced in the sensor,
Figures 3 and 4 are views similar to Figure 2 in the case of a conventional detector
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a detail of another embodiment.

Tel qu'il est représenté au dessin, le détecteur comprend une couronne en fonte 1 qui est fixée par exemple sur le volant d'un moteur à combustion interne. La couronne 1 comporte sur sa périphérie des dents 3 régulièrement réparties sur sa périphérie et en nombre relativement élevé, supérieur à 120. Dans une zone donnée 4, dite trou de denture, une dent ou plusieurs dents successives ont été supprimées. A proximité de la denture est disposé un capteur inductif 5 qui comporte une bobine 6 et devant lequel les dents 3 passent les unes après les autres en induisant dans la bobine 6 des demi-ondes de tension alternatives et de forme sinusoldale. Le capteur 5 peut être disposé radialement, comme représenté, ou transversalement. As shown in the drawing, the detector comprises a cast iron crown 1 which is fixed for example to the flywheel of an internal combustion engine. The crown 1 has on its periphery teeth 3 regularly distributed over its periphery and in relatively high number, greater than 120. In a given zone 4, called the toothing, a tooth or several successive teeth have been eliminated. Near the teeth is arranged an inductive sensor 5 which comprises a coil 6 and in front of which the teeth 3 pass one after the other by inducing in the coil 6 half waves of alternating voltage and of sinusoidal shape. The sensor 5 can be arranged radially, as shown, or transversely.

Un segment métallique 7, par exemple une plaquette en acier, est rapporté dans le trou de denture 4 et est fixé à la couronne 1 par des vis 8, en même matière, qui viennent à fleur pour ne pas créer de signal parasite. Les surfaces extérieures 7a du segment 7sont en retrait d'une distance d par rapport au contour ex térieur 3a de la denture. Ce retrait dépend de l'espace entre dents. Par exemple, pour un disque comportant 144 dents et ayant un entre-dents de 4, 7 mm, le retrait doit être d'environ lmm, il serait d'autant plus grand que l'espace entre-dents serait lui même plus grand. A metal segment 7, for example a steel plate, is attached to the toothing 4 and is fixed to the crown 1 by screws 8, of the same material, which come flush so as not to create a parasitic signal. The outer surfaces 7a of the segment 7 are set back a distance d relative to the outer contour 3a of the teeth. This removal depends on the space between teeth. For example, for a disc comprising 144 teeth and having a 4.7 mm gap, the shrinkage should be about 1 mm, it would be all the greater as the gap space would itself be larger.

A la Figure 2, on voit en 9 la courbe représentant en fonction du tempe la valeur de la tension e induite dans la bobine 6. In FIG. 2, we see at 9 the curve representing as a function of the temple the value of the voltage e induced in the coil 6.

Les tops sont supprimés lorsque le trou de denture passe devant la capteur; mais cette zone se raccorde de manière régulière au restant de la courbe. The tops are removed when the toothing hole passes in front of the sensor; but this area connects regularly to the rest of the curve.

A titre de comparaison, les Figures 3 et 4 montrent en 10 et 11 les courbes obtenues en l'absence du segment 7 respectivement pour un entrefer de 1, 5mu et une vitesse de 2900 tours/mn. A la
Figure 3, on constate en 15 un décalage de phase du top suivant les dents manquantes, ce qui provoque une erreur angulaire sur le déclenchement. A la Figure 4, un top a été supprimé après le passage des dents manquantes, ce qui- rend le dispositif inutilisable.By way of comparison, Figures 3 and 4 show in 10 and 11 the curves obtained in the absence of segment 7 respectively for an air gap of 1.5 mu and a speed of 2900 rpm. To the
Figure 3, we see at 15 a phase shift of the top according to the missing teeth, which causes an angular error on triggering. In FIG. 4, a top has been removed after the missing teeth have passed, which makes the device unusable.

A la Figure 5, la couronne 12 est constituée par une couronne emboutie dans laquelle les dents 13 ont été découpées et rabattues axialement. A l'emplacement du trou de denture, une fausse dent 14 a subi une passe d'emboutissage supplémentaire de façon à présenter une épaisseur moindre, sa face extérieure étant ainsi en retrait d'une distance d par rapport à la face extérieure des dents 13. In Figure 5, the crown 12 is constituted by a stamped crown in which the teeth 13 have been cut and folded axially. At the location of the toothing, a false tooth 14 has undergone an additional drawing pass so as to have a smaller thickness, its outer face thus being set back a distance d relative to the outer face of the teeth 13 .

Il va de soi que la présente invention ne doit pas être considérée co > limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés, mais en couvre, au contraire, toutes les variantes.  It goes without saying that the present invention should not be considered co> limited to the embodiments described and shown, but covers, on the contrary, all variants.

Claims (3)

REVENDICATIONS 1. - Détecteur magnétique de la vitesse de rotation et/ou d'une porition angulaire donnée d'un arbre tournant, comprenant un disque ou une couronne 1 gui est denté sur au moins une partie de sa périphérie, cette parte comportant une zone 4 dans laquelle une dent ou plusieurs dents successives ont été supprimées, et un capteur 5 & réluctance placé & proximité de la denture du disque ou de la couronne, caractérisé en ce que le disque ou la couronne comporte, dans sa zone 4 dans laquelle une dent ou plusieurs dents successives ont été supprimées, un segment métallique 7 ou 14 déterminé de manière que sa surface extérieure soit en retrait par rapport au contour extérieur de la denture. 1. - Magnetic detector of the speed of rotation and / or of a given angular porition of a rotating shaft, comprising a disc or a crown 1 which is toothed on at least part of its periphery, this part comprising a zone 4 in which a tooth or several successive teeth have been removed, and a sensor 5 & reluctance placed near the toothing of the disc or of the crown, characterized in that the disc or the crown has, in its zone 4 in which a tooth or several successive teeth have been removed, a metal segment 7 or 14 determined so that its outer surface is set back relative to the outer contour of the teeth. 2. - Détecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le disque ou la couronne 1 porte des dents taillées.  2. - Detector according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc or the crown 1 carries cut teeth. 3. - Détecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le disque ou la couronne 12 est en tôle emboutie et découpée, le segment 14 étant également découpé dans le disque ou la couronne et embouti de façon à avoir une épaisseur plus faible que les dents 13.  3. - Detector according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc or the crown 12 is in stamped and cut sheet metal, the segment 14 also being cut in the disc or the crown and stamped so as to have a thickness less than the teeth 13.
FR8208529A 1982-05-11 1982-05-11 Magnetic detector for rotational speed and shaft position - has toothed ring with metal plate in zone where teeth are removed and uses magneto-resistive pick=up Pending FR2526953A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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FR8208529A FR2526953A1 (en) 1982-05-11 1982-05-11 Magnetic detector for rotational speed and shaft position - has toothed ring with metal plate in zone where teeth are removed and uses magneto-resistive pick=up

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FR8208529A FR2526953A1 (en) 1982-05-11 1982-05-11 Magnetic detector for rotational speed and shaft position - has toothed ring with metal plate in zone where teeth are removed and uses magneto-resistive pick=up

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2571134A1 (en) * 1984-10-03 1986-04-04 Peugeot DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE ANGULAR POSITION OF A ROTARY DIE DISC OR CROWN
EP0310776A2 (en) * 1987-09-24 1989-04-12 WABCO Vermögensverwaltungs-GmbH Apparatus for signal transmission from a rotating element to a stationary element, particularly from a wheel of a vehicle to that vehicle
DE4011527A1 (en) * 1990-04-10 1991-10-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Reference mark detector for shaft angular position detection - has detector plate with reference marker of defined length and/or depth, sensor for reference and angle markers
FR2779519A1 (en) * 1998-06-09 1999-12-10 Suisse Electronique Microtech INDUCTIVE MAGNETIC SENSOR WITH REFERENCE INDEX
EP3590812A1 (en) * 2018-07-05 2020-01-08 Winora-Staiger GmbH Incremental measurement system for a bicycle, bicycle, signal generator means and fabrication method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2403854A1 (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-08-07 Teves Gmbh Alfred Rotor for inductive sensing element - consists of ferro-magnetic strip mounted on rotatable element
FR2316796A1 (en) * 1975-07-02 1977-01-28 Hartig Gunter PULSE TRANSMITTER
GB2059598A (en) * 1979-09-29 1981-04-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Inductive rotational speed or position transducers
DE2951622A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-02 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg ARRANGEMENT FOR OBTAINING SIGNALS FOR IGNITION AND / OR FUEL INJECTION FOR A 4-STROKE COMBUSTION ENGINE
FR2479453A1 (en) * 1980-03-27 1981-10-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert DETECTOR DEVICE

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2403854A1 (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-08-07 Teves Gmbh Alfred Rotor for inductive sensing element - consists of ferro-magnetic strip mounted on rotatable element
FR2316796A1 (en) * 1975-07-02 1977-01-28 Hartig Gunter PULSE TRANSMITTER
GB2059598A (en) * 1979-09-29 1981-04-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Inductive rotational speed or position transducers
DE2951622A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-02 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg ARRANGEMENT FOR OBTAINING SIGNALS FOR IGNITION AND / OR FUEL INJECTION FOR A 4-STROKE COMBUSTION ENGINE
FR2479453A1 (en) * 1980-03-27 1981-10-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert DETECTOR DEVICE

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2571134A1 (en) * 1984-10-03 1986-04-04 Peugeot DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE ANGULAR POSITION OF A ROTARY DIE DISC OR CROWN
EP0190513A1 (en) * 1984-10-03 1986-08-13 Automobiles Peugeot Detector of the angular position of a rotating toothed disc or ring
EP0310776A2 (en) * 1987-09-24 1989-04-12 WABCO Vermögensverwaltungs-GmbH Apparatus for signal transmission from a rotating element to a stationary element, particularly from a wheel of a vehicle to that vehicle
EP0310776A3 (en) * 1987-09-24 1990-12-19 Wabco Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen Gmbh Apparatus for signal transmission from a rotating element to a stationary element, particularly from a wheel of a vehicle to that vehicle
DE4011527A1 (en) * 1990-04-10 1991-10-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Reference mark detector for shaft angular position detection - has detector plate with reference marker of defined length and/or depth, sensor for reference and angle markers
DE4011527C2 (en) * 1990-04-10 2001-07-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Reference mark recognition device
FR2779519A1 (en) * 1998-06-09 1999-12-10 Suisse Electronique Microtech INDUCTIVE MAGNETIC SENSOR WITH REFERENCE INDEX
EP0964225A1 (en) * 1998-06-09 1999-12-15 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique S.A. - Recherche et Développement Inductive magnetic sensor with reference index
EP3590812A1 (en) * 2018-07-05 2020-01-08 Winora-Staiger GmbH Incremental measurement system for a bicycle, bicycle, signal generator means and fabrication method

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