FR2522847A1 - Body rhythms measuring and/or analysing system - uses microcomputer gathering data from various transducers on bodily functions to analyse data using fourier algorithm - Google Patents

Abstract

A microcomputer is used to analyse the periodic nature of measures of the functions of the human body, using a Fourier analysis algorithm. Data on bodily functions such as respiration and cardiac functions, and on chemical composition of respirated air, blood, urine, etc. are available from various existing measuring devices. The microcomputer has facility to interface with these devices, and has look-up tables of physiochemical data held in read-only memory to make any necessary preliminary conversions. The data is analysed following a program held in memory, and the microprocessor controls the numeric or graphical display of the computation results. A keyboard may be incorporated to permit control of the timing of data sampling.

Description

The present invention relates to devices for the
determination of the periodic characteristics of phenomena
measurable or analyzable automatically. These devices
can therefore either be integrated into measurement sets
and / or analyzes, either added to sets, by operating
as peripherals placed downstream of such assemblies. These
devices find many applications in chronobio
house. Experience has shown that in addition to well-known rhythms
(cardiac and respiratory in particular) there are other
rhythms specific to many elements of the body, to which
more or less transient phenomena are added
due to the subject's living conditions (rest or activity, meal
or digestion, importance of physical effects and / or
intellectuals, etc.).

There are currently a number of measuring devices and / or
likely to give a time t the value of
certain parameters or other variables variable over time.

Such devices can for example give the composition
and the physicochemical characteristics of body or
fluids (expired air, blood, urine, etc ...) It can be
important to study the variations of these parameters in
time and for example to distinguish variations
natural periodic or not, variations due to
transitional regimes, variations of a character
exceptional, etc ...

To fix the ideas, we will refer below to
example, with only the blood test being understood
that the apparatus according to the present invention
apply to all data resulting from analyzes and / or
measures of manifestations of variable phenomena in
time, for example, periodicals.

Mathematical analysis knows how to distinguish, since Fourier,
the superposition of periodic phenomena and in particular
of their harmonics and the prior art knows many devices based on these principles but in some
special cases, such as those of chronobiological analysis,
you cannot use conventional equipment to
the many reasons that will appear in the description
following, and all the more so since the devices in accordance with the present invention can be associated with existing automatic analysis machines, said devices receiving both data from said machine, additional data from the user, generally by manual entry and stored orders in memory.

For example, in the case of blood analysis, there are devices into which a large number of test tubes containing samples are introduced. One indicates, for example the references of each one of them, in a manual way, and automatically the various categories of cells are counted, the results leaving in the form of graphs and / or numerical tables.

If, therefore, a series of tubes corresponding to blood or other samples preferably taken regularly over time is introduced on the same subject, it will be possible, for example, to collect data for white blood cells on the variations of the different blood counts over time. However, these graphical and / or quantified results require mathematical processing to bring out the various frequencies, the maxima, minima, the decreases in the transient regimes and other physical and mathematical characteristics, taking into account the statistical aspects due to the probabilities of errors.

It has been known for a number of years that the globular numbers vary over time and in particular during the course of the nocturnal. Rest, physical exertion, meals, and many psychophysiological conditions affect the number of various blood cells.

But it seems that these relatively slow variations, the periods of which are of the order of several hours, are superimposed, at least in certain cases, variations with much shorter periods, for example, of the order of 30 to 80 minutes. and relatively stable over time for the same subject. However, according to the invention, it is possible to automatically define such variations.

In the current state of things, it is difficult to carry out a sufficient number of takes to obtain a tracing of curves jumping immediately to the glance, because of a dispersion of the results due to the errors. One could take a continuous or semi-continuous sample from a blood vessel, but experience has shown that this very type of sample leads to abnormalities that become more pronounced over time.

It is therefore necessary to take discrete shots, that is to say at preferably regular intervals over time and in relatively varied locations to avoid the anomalies that would result in successive shots at the same point.

It is therefore practically constrained, for example for white blood cells according to current techniques, to make the captures on the fingers and toes and possibly on the ears. It is therefore difficult to significantly exceed twenty catches. However, experience has shown that by choosing an adequate setting rate, the results obtained according to the present invention are not only significant but also can give rise to remarkable correlations with other methods.

Consequently, after the series of takes, the test pieces are placed in the automatic analyzer, the operator manually indicating the references of each test piece
The present invention therefore relates to equipment for processing information from the automatic analyzer; they can either be integrated into the latter or mounted as peripherals. The operator must in all cases indicate in any form, manual or other, the day, hour and minute of taking for each of the test pieces. He will also indicate the type or types of cells or others whose variations in counting he wants to study over time.

If we make N + 1 intervals taken in time fl T, the duration of the experiment will be NST.

However, it is obvious that N # T must cover at least two cycles of the phenomenon to be studied of period P, that is to say that NflT> / 2P
In addition, to define a cycle, you need at least 4 points, or 3 tT çP
We can deduce
3
If P varies between two extreme values P1 and P2 (from one subject to another) with P1 # P2. We deduce that T must be such that 2P2 / 6T (o

This number N + 1 of admissible catches defines the limits of T. We deduce T and N + 1, T: total duration of samples.

For example if P1 = 30 minutes P2 = 80 minutes and N = 20 we obtain T between 8 and 10 minutes.

it is obvious that if the sampling techniques evolve in the future, the present invention will see the accuracy of its results improve all the more as the catches can be more numerous and / or more frequent or even continuous.

The above therefore gives an idea of how a person skilled in the art can in practice use the invention.

To better understand the technical characteristics and advantages of the present invention, an embodiment will be described therewith with a few variants, it being understood that all of this is not limiting as to its mode of implementation and to the applications that you can do it.

 Refer to the following figures, which schematically represent - Figures 1 to 3 block diagrams of devices according to the invention, the information being digitized in the case of Figure i, analog in the case of Figure 2, input manually in the case of Figure 3.

- Figures 4 the variations over time of the results of analyzes and their processing in the devices according to the invention.

- Figure 5 a diagram of modulation device, and signal conversion.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the device for processing and sampling the signal from the device of FIG. 5.

- Figure 7 a block diagram of the device for defining the envelope of the signals from the device of Figure 6.

- Figure 8 a block diagram of the clocking memory address device.

- Figure 9 a diagram of signals processed according to the device of Figure 8.

- Figure 10 a block diagram of the processing device in the case where the source information is digitized.

- Figure 11 a block diagram of operating device for plotting curves and their analysis.

- Figure 12 a block diagram of device for determining maxima and minima.

In what follows we will describe devices capable of being fitted downstream of automatic analyzers such as those used for the analysis of blood samples manufactured by the American company TECHNICON.

These machines have a support in which the test tubes containing the blood or other samples are aligned. The references of the test tubes are manually stored in memory and after switching on, the machine will deliver in graphical and / or digital form for each sample the numbers of the various cells the results of the assays of the various constituents of blood or other biological products.

The operations are carried out by optical and electronic means which results in the arrival by the graphic and / or digital display of analog or arithmetic data. These operations call upon data entered once and for all into memory and making it possible to distinguish the various types of cells by their physical characteristics, for the other assays it will be other methods.

The computer of these analyzers therefore uses data stored, in read-only memory, and / or mass, for example, on disk, and / or data entered manually in random access memory, and / or data measured on the samples submitted for analysis.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the data coming from this automatic analyzer are brought to a device such as that described below which will therefore receive on the one hand from the analyzer a) the data from random access memory (references samples) b) analytical data (program) and secondly in the context of a device according to the invention c) data entered manually by the operator in random access memory (other references and in particular the hour and minute of the different samples) d) data in mass memory: disk etc ... and in particular data processing program, mathematical tables.

If the device according to the invention is not mounted as a peripheral element downstream of the analyzer but integrated in the latter, it is possible on the one hand to combine the data entered manually in random access memory a) and c) and d on the other hand, the data entered in mass memory, disk etc ... (data in memory in the analyzer concerning the physical characteristics of the cells and how to establish the counts as well as the programs and tables for the treatment such as defined in d) above) On the technical level we will therefore find in the analysis machine 1) an analyzer of physicochemical phenomena 2) a set of information processing and coding of results 3) the interface with the outside world (display)
In the device according to the present invention there are: 4) the interface with the upstream and transcoding of information 5) the computer including in particular the management program and the memories.

In what follows we will stick to the "peripheral" variant, that is to say the least simple but the most immediately adaptable to existing analysis machines, it being understood that, as we have emphasized above, the "integrated" variant is simpler and eliminates duplication.

According to the "peripheral #" variant, the assembly according to the invention therefore has the role of shaping the data coming from the analyzer (so-called source information) according to one or more mathematical models for interpreting them, drawing the consequences therefrom. adequate and communicate them to the outside world in any visual form (tables or graphs for example) or others (magnetic for example). We will distinguish here three variants which can be combined and / or overlap because the "source" information can be according to the digital and / or analog analyzers while some information is entered manually.

In what follows, we will find on the three diagrams of FIGS. 1 to 3 equivalent or even identical elements, the heart of the device being centered on the ROM memories and
RAM and on the microprocessor + P.

In FIG. 1, the information from SOURCE 1 is digitized and arrives at the IE / S1 input / output interface also playing the role of buffer memory. This interface is in two-way communication with the data BUS
BUS - DON 1. The latter brings the information on the one hand in T1 to the analog processing of the results on the other hand, at the output interface IS1 for communication with the outside world. The data BUS also exchanges its information with the RAM memory and the microprocessor #rl> and anneals information from the ROM memory.

The BUS address BUS-ADR1 brings information from the microprocessor P to the RAM and ROM memories while the BUS command BUS - COM 1 exchanges information with the microprocessor # P and brings its information to the RAM and ROM memories, for processing analog T1 and the output interface IS1. The analog data from T1 is transmitted to the output interface 181.

In this way, the digital information from source 1, that is to say from the analyzer, is conveyed through the
BUS to the memory blocks and microprocessor, the result supplied to the processing block T1 communicates the results via the interface
In Figure 2 the data from source 2 arriving at the IE / S2 input / output interface is analog, so it then goes through signal processing TS2 to Figure 1 to be digitized.

We will find the same data transfers as in FIG. 1 through the BUS - DON 2, with the ROM and RAM memories, the microprocessor h P and the output interface 182.

The BUS of addresses BUS - ADR2 is connected to the memories ROM and RAM and to the microprocessor TP; as for the BUS - COM 2 control BUS, it transmits the commands to the memories
ROM and RAM, to the signal processing unit TS2 and to the interfaces IE / S2 and 182. it also exchanges its information with the microprocessor RP.

The device allows the automation of the system according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, the information manually enters from the keyboard CL which transmits its information to the interface IE / S3. Here we find provisions very similar to the previous ones.

The BUS - DON 3 data bus exchanges information with IE / S3, RAM and # P by transmitting to 183 and receiving from ROM. The BUS address BUS - ADR3 transmits its information to all elements CL, IE / S3, ROM, RAM, #Pet 183 the BUS command BUS - COM 3 to ROM, RAM, CL, IE / S3 and 183.

It is the microprocessor which manages, according to the language and the corresponding program used, the data information. The information from the keyboard is conveyed through the interface, and processing according to the mathematical model and the type of information will come into operation using the various BUSes. The result is then sent to the output interface.

As noted in the preceding figures, if certain elements bearing the same letters of reference to the near numerical index, play very similar roles, the three main elements ROM, RAM and eP play identical roles. The ROM block is a read-only memory of capacity adapted by a person skilled in the art to the complexity and the length of the program which he wishes to use. Indeed, the contents of ROM include several resident programs which correspond to the various mathematical models allowing to process information.

The RAM block is a random access memory with a capacity defined by a person skilled in the art taking into account the amount of information to accumulate. For intermediate calculations, if you want to keep the information, you must include a backup device even if the mains supply voltage is cut. You can even keep the information in memory and provide a reminder device at any time to complete a processing or output. You can use an electrically programmable memory.

The microprocessor block manages all the data coming from various horizons such as memories, and interfaces.

In particular, he manages the various elements and arranges the sequences of operations or procedures to be followed according to the various programs chosen.

The role of the analog signal processing block TS2 is to digitize them when the signals received are analog. The received signal S (t) is multiplied in a modulator by a periodic delta function
S * (t) = s (t) #t (t).

After filtering (passband) and amplification, a crenellated signal of normalized amplitude is collected. A converter transforms it into binary for transmission to the RAM memory and to the microprocessor + P.

it is important to insist on the aspects of the various devices of FIGS. 1 to 3. Indeed, the present invention having to be able to adapt to all kinds of analyzers it is essential to be able to take care of discrete digital or analog data or continuous, resulting from measurements and / or analyzes, or, entered manually.

For example, automatic analyzer machines such as those manufactured by the aforementioned TECHNICON firm, deliver for each sample tube a digital statement of the various categories; various other forms of displays are possible. However, all the analyzers of the prior art are currently designed to analyze samples generally coming from different subjects. it is therefore not interesting to link the results of successive tubes most often classified in a completely arbitrary manner.

As soon as we introduce samples taken from the same subject in a well-defined chronological sequence, we can therefore be led to present in the form of a graph, the results of counting each type of cell as a function of time. If the samples are taken at regular time intervals, we can content ourselves with the output of regularly spaced digital results and enter them as they are in memories. If this can often be the case, the samples were not taken very regularly, the digital signals being probably transmitted regularly by the machine do not correspond to regular tap intervals. The analyzer must then necessarily receive in memory the days, hours and minutes of taking each sample to draw an intra and / or extrapolation of a curve which will then have to be modulated as described above in order to obtain regularly spaced and digitized slots.

Referring to Figures 4, there is shown the data corresponding to a type of blood cells (leukocytes or lymphocytes for example).

In FIG. 4a, the samples taken at regular intervals At the number N (t) can be stored directly in memory without further processing in the form of FIG. 4e, the intervals from one signal to the next being T, representing the intervals between At sockets.

If on the other hand, we have figure 4b, irregular catches at times tO, tl, t2, # etc ..., we must first go through an inter or extrapolated curve in figure 4c.

The modulation by the periodic function of FIG. 4d with period T and width of slots T will give the result of FIG. 4e which was obtained directly from the case of FIG. 4a.

 it is also obvious that the introduction of all or part of the data in FIGS. 4a or 4b can be manual, in particular the times to, tl, t2, etc., corresponding to the time of sampling, which can either enter memory of the machine itself is in memory of the system according to the invention. In the first case, the peripheral system interrogates the memory of the machine which transmits to it with the analytical data the hours and possibly the references of each sample. The operations corresponding to the passages from one to the other of the various figures 4 can be carried out by any suitable conventional device.

As regards FIGS. 4c and 4e (passage through 4d), a device such as that of FIG. 5 can be used. The continuous signal S (t) is modulated by the
pulse generator G (t) schematically represented
and we collect at the output of the amplifier Ai the
sampled SX (t) signal Passing through the analog / digital converter gives the binary coded signal
for ROM and RAM memories and for the microprocessor / P
to be processed and stored there, the microprocessor in front
manage the information thus collected.

Referring to both Figures 4 and Figure 6
the device according to the invention uses a divi
Universal programmable switcher which delivers a pulse to
each zero crossing of the divider counter.

The operation is as follows
At time t, a quantity N is loaded into the divider
corresponding to the number of samples to be taken and
each zero crossing, we decrease by what corresponds
to a sample, that is to say that at time tO + T we
has a charge N - 2, at time tO + 2T a charge N - 3
and so on until time tO + NT or the load
corresponds to 0. We thus take the exact sample number
wanted tillons. Therefore, that by this means the time T enters
two samples is regular we are in
Fourier periodicity conditions.

We can thus convert the sample and store it
in a non-volatile erasable memory area
and electrically programmable (EEPROM). The synoptic
of this device is shown in Figure 6. At the
Figure 2, analog data from source S2
reached the signal processing device TS2 in
through the IE / S2 interface. In fact, the signals did not
undergone no transformation in this interface and that's
lhomogeneity of structure with those of Figures 1 and 3
which intersects the IE / S2 interface. If we refer to the
Figure 6 with reference to both Figures 4 and 5, the
analog signal S (t) from the source arrives at the modu
meter M controlled by 6 (t). The modulated signal goes through
the amplifier assembly associated with an analog memory
Ai (equivalent to that of figure 5) and arrives under
the form s (t) to the analog digital converter AC / D
(equivalent to that of Figure 5).

At the output of the AC / D converter, the digitized signals enter the data bus BUS - DON 6 via an IF interface 61.

The role of the latter like that of the interfaces IF 62 and IF 63 which will be seen below is that of a buffer memory to ensure synchronization in the case of asynchronism. The BUS-DON 6 exchanges information with the microprocessor / P and brings it via the IF 62 interface or divider by N #rogrammable DIV / N. This one associated with the zero crossing detector DET-O delta module periodically by 5 (t) the signal S (t) in the MOD modulator. The microprocessor
p P sends its information via the set of address BUS and BUS - ADR - COM - 6 commands to the memories M6 at the interfaces IF 61, IF 62 and IF 63 (below described) as well as to the converter CA / N and the divider DIV / N. Memories
M6 also exchange information with the interface IF 63 communicating with the data bus BUS - DON 6. The assembly of the modulator MOD and the amplifier Ai associated with the analog memory is, in FIG. 6, placed in a dotted frame which symbolizes the blocking sampler.

The modulation is done there using the periodic function and the result is not strictly speaking what is called a DIRAC comb resulting from the product of a continuous time signal and a unitary comb. However, the sampling gives a good picture of the Fourier coefficients due to the negligible distortion rate as soon as the level of quantification is low and the person skilled in the art grasps the components to minimize the causes and in particular to minimize the analog memory losses, tracking errors and load errors.

To restore the signal, it is sufficient to output these N samples during the NT period. It should first be illustrated with an example of an algorithm.

Refer to the table below: table 1
TABLE 1
BEGINNING
- INITIALIZATION
- NO = 10 samples
- LOAD the number of periods
direct debit
- LOAD NO (number of samples
in the universal divider)
- Test the value of N
Number of collection periods
-NO: cycle completed
-YES: decrement the number
of periods
- Wait for the end signal
universal divider period
- Load the number of periods of
direct debit - 1
- Repeat the cycle
signal to go to 0
(DET - O)
To restore the quantified information signal, the coded words that must be removed from storage memory, which implies a judicious choice of the rate of access to said memory. Referring to FIG. 4e, we will therefore exit memory N * signals corresponding to a useful life (N * - 1) T + t slightly less than N * T. We will convert the digital to analog, normalize the signal then average and demodulate to obtain the envelope of the comb. This can be done as shown in figure 7. The digital signals extracted from storage memory M7 through the interface IF 7 are converted into analog with a CN / A then pass in an amplification normalizing the signal, built around A2 is in a second pseudo-periodic detection amplifier, averaging and normalizing
the signal, built around A3. The corresponding signals
dant to the envelope Y (t) of the comb extracted from M7 are
sent in IS 7 to the interface with the plotter
the visual display or any other device. The whole is clocked thanks to the microprocessor rP as well as these
various components and accessories. A data center
consisting of an arithmetic and logic unit ALU sends
its information to the clock H NT clocking at the period NT (FIG. 4) which attacks the address counter
and CAI interface associated with the storage memory M7.

This gP set also sends this information
at the F7 interface at the NC / A converter and at the interface
IS 7 output via the BUS - COM 7 control BUS.

To generate the synchronization signal of period N * T
we use a ramp generator emitting signals x (t)
sawtooth period N * T. An end of period detector sends a synchronization signal 2 (t) each time
return to zero of x (t).

Synchronization signal Z (t) allows regeneration
address timing, for word output
of the quantized signal (i.e. in particular of the coefficient
Fourier) and the easy storage of minima and
maxima of the curve as a function of time. Figure 8 shows
schematically feels a timing clock overview
memory address. Signal Z (t) is applied to both
to the BD scale to the MS monostable and to the COMP counter for
order the reset to zero. Toggle D generates the
Q signal and Q signal. The Q signal is shown on the
Figure 9 as a function of time. The signals emitted by the clock-
timing box at period N * T (Hnt) shown diagram
tick and the signal Q are brought to L which gives
the output the signal W (t) also shown in Figure 9
as a function of time W (t) consists of trains of
N signals at period T or NT for each train, separate
-zar reset periods reset. The COMP counter
receives both W (t) and Z (t) detection signals
end of period which ensures its timing, and because
of the connection with the storage memory MST, the output
in S9 quantified words of the information signal.

- At each T the counter therefore changes its corresponding value
at an address and the words come out in a way
recurrent. By conversion, an analog signal is obtained
than. Visualization can be done by any
classic way. In case the information is
already digitized the processing is a little different.

Referring to the block diagram in Figure 101 the
source information arrives from the block in digitized form
via the IE / S 10 input and output interface.
BUS data - DON 10 transmits them to the MEM-10 buffer memory
storage and backup and microprocessor ss P
which then allows exploitation to draw the curve
of interpretation according to a mathematical model. The
microprocessor tP communicates via the address BUS.BUS-ADR-
10 with MEM memory 10 and via the BUS-COM control BUS
10 with MEM-10 memories and the IE / S10 interface.

Exploitation according to the mathematical model maybe real
read in the form of the diagram in FIG.
to materialize the following relationship

This figure shows the same basic elements as in the previous figure. The BUS of data BUS it ensures the exchanges of information between the block # via the interface IE / S10 (figure 10) and the microprocessor e P the storage memory MEM il and the interfaces IE / S11 and IE / S il ' .

The address BUS, BUS-ADR 11 transmits the data from the microprocessor to the memory MEM 11 and the control BUS
BUS-COM it ensures the exchange of information between microprocessor + P and memory MEM 11 on the one hand, IE / S11 and IE / S11 'on the other hand. These are followed by two analog digital converters CN / A il and
CN / A 11 'themselves followed by adaptation amplifiers
AA 11 and AA 11 'as seen in Figure 7. These amplifiers respectively deliver the signals
X (t) and X (t + NTi) which are integrated in amplifiers of the same type as that also used in FIG. 7 for the detection of envelopes. The signals coming from the two integrators X (t) and X (t respectively) + NTi) are subtracted in the LS device which gives

and sent to the LM multiplier which gives the desired signal
Yes.

Note that part of the information relating to the
times are entered into memory by the operator (hours of
samples subject to analysis).

The devices which have just been described make it possible to
draw practically any curve resulting from the analyzes
Ide sample. It is enough for a person skilled in the art to adapt
the circuits as shown on the diagrams in
depending on the desired operation.

To detect the minima and maxima of the curves, we treat
the signal Si (figure 11) in its device such as that
illustrated by the block diagram in Figure 12.

Figure 12. The CN / A converter 12 transforms Si into
digital signals transmitted by the BUS-DON data bus--
12 to the microprocessor TP and to the program memory unit
me MP + RAM. The microprocessor sends its information
By the BUS of addresses BUS-ADR 12 to the memories MP + RAM
and by the BUS command BUS - COM - 12 to these memories
and to the CN / A12 converter. The signal Si is thus recognized
verti in binary, the samples being compared between
them. We memorize the maximum and the minimum with the date
set the time of the sample, which allows at any time
to restore this information to the outside world on
request or on the date and time chosen by
the user. This can be done as shown
in Table 2. (below)
TABLE 2
BEGINNING
INITIALIZATION
TOP OF CONVERSION START OF THE FIRST If with i = 3
STORING THE CODED VALUE AND THE DATE
FROM IF IN NON VOLATILE MEMORY
COMPARISON OF VALUES OF IF NO
for i = 1 with Si for i = O (old)
YES KEEP
KEEP Si = O Si = i
INCREASE i of i
GO OUT If
CHECK i 3 NO
YES YES
NON COMPARE SO à S2 NON COMPARE If new
with the old
YES
KEEP If = 1
EXIT If = O

Claims (12)

 1) Devices for determining characteristics  periodic of phenomena by measuring systems and / or  automatic analysis of said phenomena, characterized  by the fact that they are mounted downstream of said assemblies  and are equipped with means for receiving said sets  measurement or analysis data and the corresponding time  by means of each of these data, means for receiving  the operator the reference and time data,  means for receiving from the operator and / or from memory the  data and measurement data selection orders  and / or analysis to be studied, at least one microprocessor  for processing said data and at least one output from  resulting information.  2) Devices according to claim 1 characterized by  the fact that they are integrated into the measuring systems  and / or analysis.  3) Devices according to one of claims 1 or 2  characterized by the fact that they are mounted peripherally  ment on said sets.  4) Devices according to one of claims 1 to 3  characterized by the fact that analog data  from measurement and / or analysis sets pass  by an analog / digital converter.  measurement and analysis results.  basic physico-chemical data and selection of  required for processing, mathematical tables and  and / or mass delivers data to microprocessors  characterized by the fact that at least one read only memory  .5) Devices according to one of claims i to 4  6) Devices according to one of claims 1 to 5  characterized by the fact that at least one RAM  receives measurement and / or analysis sets  measurement and / or analysis data, and said sets  and / or manual entry systems, data from  reference or selection of the data to be processed and  their treatment.  7) Devices according to one of claims 1 to 6  characterized by the fact that each data item originating from the measurement and / or analysis assemblies is associated with the time corresponding to the instant of the sample collection and / or of the measurement. 8) Devices according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that the microprocessor has inter systems. or extrapolation over time of data from said sets followed by a periodic delta modulation system and a Fourier type analysis system.  9) Devices according to one of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the measurement and / or analysis assemblies are applied to biological samples. 10) Devices according to claim 9 characterized in that the assemblies analyze blood or other samples. 11) Devices according to claim 10 characterized in that at least one mass and / or dead memory of the assemblies or of the said devices sends to the analysis system recognition criteria for the various blood cells or the constituents of biological products. 12) Devices according to claim it characterized in that at least one input keyboard allows manual entry of the choice of cells or constituents of biological products to be studied and sampling times.