FR2518165A1 - MECHANISM FOR TURNING A VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO A MECHANISM FOR TURNING A VALVE. ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION, CONCENTRICALLY TO THE CYLINDRICAL BODIES 2 OF THE VALVE, AND BETWEEN THE latter AND THE ATTACK POINT OF THE FORCE OF THE VALVE SPRING ON A SPRING ELEMENT 1 ARE PROVIDED WITH ROLLING ELEMENTS 6 SUPPORTING ELEMENT A SPRING 1 ON THE BASE BODY. THE INVENTION APPLIES IN PARTICULAR TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Description

The present invention relates to a mechanism for rotating a valve for

  internal combustion engines, during the closing movement of the valve, using cylindrical bodies which are in pockets arranged concentrically around the axis of a body of

  base, with inclined planes and which are loaded directly

  the flatter sides of the pockets by springs

  can be compressed and tangentially

  load of the cylindrical body and which act with a spring element facing the pockets, which tends, during the opening process of the valve, when the load increases due to the spring or the springs of the valve, in the direction of the the axis of the valve, thus the cylindrical bodies are discharged in the direction of the axis of the valve when the tension of the spring element increases and cons against when the tension of the spring element decreases for a relative rotation of the body basic to the element

  spring-loaded, they are more and more loaded.

  It is known to use valve mechanisms in four-stroke gasoline engines or diesel engines that

  exploit the spring force of the valve that is growing

  health and acting axially during the opening of the

  valve, to cause the rotation Thus, it is possible to obtain that the valve, during the opening, turns a few degrees, however during the closing movement, it no longer performs rotational movement to avoid unnecessary wear on its seat In the case of a diesel engine

  operating with heavy oil, a rotational movement

  of the valve during closing is desired, for

  remove deposits that form like a varnish.

  The valve, in this case, comes to rest on its seat then

that it is still rotating.

  Until now, two mechanisms of rotation of a valve acting according to the principle described above, which turn the valve during the closing process, are known. German Patent No. 1,955,820 discloses a mechanism which performs the rotation, unlike the mechanisms rotating during the opening stroke, using energy stored in a spring-shaped element

  This realization presents a construction relative to

  in the axial direction and in diameter, in comparison with traditional designs, which is a disadvantage because the space available in the motor is, for the most part, very limited German Patent No. 3004320 shows a second possibility

  a rotation of the valve during the closing stroke.

  A disc-shaped spring is used as a transmission member for loading and unloading balls moving in inclined or oblique pockets, and the balls held by the coil springs move the disc springs so as to rotate the disc springs. disk-shaped spring elements, which is used for the rotation of the valve In this case, the entire closing stroke of the valve takes part in the rotation, but also when opening there is a rotation, as this is indicated on page 18, second paragraph, of Germanic Patent No. 3004320, in the opposite direction, therefore, the resultant rotation is only the difference of the two rotations which leads to an undesirable decrease of the rotation in the direction of rotation. of the race of the

closing -

  It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a valve rotation mechanism having a smaller dimension than previously known embodiments, which rotates the valve during its closing movement and produces no unwanted rotation when The solution according to the invention is characterized in that concentrically to the cylindrical bodies and in the part between them and the point of attack of the spring force of the valve on the spring element are arranged rolling elements

  supporting the spring element on the base body.

  The spring element is also supported, moreover, somewhat in the middle between its internal diameter and its

  outer diameter, by a number of cylindrical elements

  driques, for example balls, which move in a plane groove concentrically disposed to the axis of the base body, so that it bends, during a load, above the row of balls thus formed and The cylindrical bodies indicated above are on the inclined plane of the pockets in the base body, on the same side on the inner edge or the outer edge of the spring elements as the rolling elements moving in the groove. cylindrical concentric of the basic body, and are unloaded, when the spring element is

  The inclination of inclined planes must be sufficiently

  important so that all rotational resistances can be overcome by the peripheral force derived from the axial force of the valve spring by

  the spring element The spring element, which is advantageously

  A flat annular disk or a conical disc spring or plate spring serves as a working accumulator for the energy that is used during the rotation process. The main advantage of the present invention

  resides, in comparison with the known and functional achievements

  according to the same principle, in the smaller

with a simpler construction.

  The invention will be better understood and other purposes,

  characteristics, details and advantages of it

  more clearly in the explanatory description

  which will follow with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating several embodiments of the invention and in which: Figure 1 shows a rotation mechanism while the valve is fully open; Figure 2 shows a rotation mechanism at the end

a rotation process, and-

  Figure 3 shows a rotation mechanism with cylindrical bodies producing rotation, concentric

  inside the loop rolling support elements.

$ 2,18165

  A conical disc spring 1, stretched flat according to FIG. 1, bears on cylindrical bodies 2 and additional rolling elements 6 The cylindrical bodies 2 move in recesses of a base body 3, which have the In the pockets there are provided channels, with inclinations in relation to the plane of the tapered conical disc spring 1, where they roll during their movement, on an angle e Thanks to a pressure spring 8, the cylindrical bodies 2 are always pressed, during a discharge, in the flatter sides of the pocket-shaped recesses A cover 7 transmits the forces P 1 -P 2 of the unrepresented valve springs, on the

conical disc spring 1-.

  In addition to the cylindrical or rolling bodies 2, in the illustrated example of the balls, there are, on the base body 3, rolling elements 61 in the case also represented balls, which are arranged concentrically with the cylindrical bodies 2 The provision concentric may be both radially outside and also inside the loop or the circle traversed by the cylindrical body, as long as the point of attack of the forces of the

  lid 7 on the spring 1 is modified accordingly.

  In the example of FIG. 1, the point of attack of the forces of the cover 7 on the spring 1 is on the radially internal edge with a disposition of the balls -focusing 6 concentrically inside the loop traversed by the cylindrical body while in Figure 3, the point of attack of the forces of the cover 7 on the spring 1 is on its radially outer edge, so the bearing balls 6 are also radially outside the loop or circle traveled by the cylindrical body. The rolling elements 6 form support points so that the conical disk spring has the effect of a lever with two arms The point of contact of the body

  cylindrical 2 with the spring 1 is designated 9.

  To decrease the surface pressure in the body of

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  base, the rolling elements 6 move in grooves The displacement surfaces of the pocket-shaped recesses are also provided with a bulge to decrease

the surface pressure.

  The points of contact or support 9 and 10 of the balls 2 and the row of balls 6 with the spring 1 can also advantageously be made as paths for moving the balls, to obtain a good guide spring 1 and a decrease in the pressures between the balls 2 and the row of balls 6 on the one hand and the

spring 1 on the other hand.

  Figure 1 shows the rotation mechanism with the valve fully open and the spring 1 in the stretched state

  as well as the arrangement of the cylindrical bodies 2 at the position

  extreme distance before the start of rotation The inclined or oblique pathways formed in the base body 3, having an angle,, are shown in section

  (1 1), in plan view (1 2) and in developing

  tangential (1 3) on the partial circle of the balls, a radius r The spring 1 rests, when the valve is open, on the rolling elements 6 guided in the groove 5 of the base body 3, and is loaded axially by the cover 7 The tangential springs 8 have previously pressed the balls 2 in the smallest depth they can reach the inclined way 4, so that they touch the spring 1 as well as the

lanes 4.

  If the concentric axial force P 2 introduced by the spring of the valve decreases upon closing of the valve, at least up to P 1, the conical disc spring 1 taut exerts forces on the balls 2, which, then according to their size, roll in the channel 4 because of the force components in the peripheral direction, and transmit their rolling movement to the spring 1, which, by the way, runs through the double raceway of the balls 2 and thus rotates with the lid 7 around the ab axis of the

basic body.

  Figure 2 shows the state when the rotation is

  The balls 2 are at the deepest

  4 they can reach They have rolled from position-1 in Figure 1 2 and 1 3 to position 2 in Figure 2 2 and 2 3 and have thus made a translation on the angle -> , Figure 2 2, with a rt course, Figure 2 3, so the spring is turned by 2 1 and has completed the course 2 r '

  FIG. 3 shows a rotating mechanism

  the same output position as in Figure 1, however with an inverted position of the balls 2 which are in this case on the inner edge of the base body 3 The row of balls 6 is again somewhat in the middle of the solid transverse section portion of the base body 3 and the spring 1 The spring 1 will be loaded on its outer edge, by the cover 7, according to the laterally exchanged position of the balls 2 Another possibility to move away from the spring 1 the cylinder pressures acting on the balls 2 and the row of balls 6 thereon are provided by the two bearing rings 11 and 12. The embodiment of FIG. 3 has the same function as that of FIG. 1; when the rotation is over, we have a representation similar to

  FIG. 2, with inversely inclined inclination correspondingly

of the conical disc spring.

  As well for the embodiment of FIG. 1 as for that of FIG. 3, it may be advantageous to replace the rolling elements represented by the row of balls 6, by a known embodiment of a complete axial roller bearing. For example, an axial ball bearing, a roller bearing or a needle bearing. Furthermore, the two embodiments of the rotation mechanism can be made, in a known manner, by providing an internal cone in the body of the machine. base 3 to receive valve cone pieces for attaching the rotation mechanism to the end of a shaft of the

valve to turn.

Claims (9)

R E V E N D I C A T IO N S   1 Mechanism for turning a valve for internal combustion engines during the closing movement of said valve, using cylindrical bodies, which are in pockets concentrically arranged around the axis of a base body, with planes sloping and loaded by compressible springs acting tangentially when the cylindrical body is loaded in the direction of the flatter sides of the   pocket, and which act with a spring-loaded element   in the process of opening the valve, when the load increases by the spring of the valve or the reliefs of the valve, in the direction of the axis of the valve, so the cylindrical body discharges, in the direction of the valve axis, when increases the tension of the spring element, and on the contrary to the expansion of the spring element for   a relative rotation of the basic body with respect to the   they are more and more loaded,   characterized in that concentrically to cylindrical bodies   (2) and in the range between them and the point of attack of the spring force of the valve (P 1, P 2) are arranged,   on the spring element, rolling elements (6) pressing -   the spring element (1) on the basic body.   2 mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring element (1) has the shape of a disk conical ring.   3 mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring element (1) has the shape of a disk circular plan.   4 Mechanism according to any one of the claims   characterized in that the spring-loaded device (1) contains recessed channels for guiding   cylindrical bodies (2) and rolling elements (6).   Mechanism according to any one of the claims   1 to 3, characterized in that between the spring element (1) and the cylindrical bodies (2) is arranged a ring of   bearing (11) of the cylindrical body.   Mechanism according to any one of the claims   1 to 3 or 5, characterized in that between the spring element (1) and the rolling elements (6) is provided a ring of ball bearing (12).   Mechanism according to any one of the claims   preceding, characterized in that the rolling elements   (6) are collected in an axial roller bearing -   Mechanism according to one of the claims   previous, characterized in that the base body (3) has a central opening, the casing surface has the shape of an inner cone for receiving cone pieces for fixing the mechanism at the end of the shaft of the valve to turn.