FR2516959A1 - METHOD AND MATERIAL FOR SEALING AND STABILIZING BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTION PARTS - Google Patents

Abstract

A. WATERPROOFING PROCESS. B. CHARACTERIZED IN THAT A SYNTHETIC OR RUBBER MATERIAL, APPROPRIATELY MODIFIED, WITH VERY QUICK REACTION, BY A TWO-COMPONENT PROCESS, IS APPLIED BY SPRAYING DIRECTLY TO DRY OR WET SOIL, OR TO HOLLOW ROCK, AS INSULATING ADHESIVE LAYER AND AS A BONDING LAYER FOR PROJECTED CONCRETE TO BE SUBSEQUENTLY DEPOSITED AS WELL AS FOR THE REINFORCEMENT OF THE TUNNEL (FOR EXAMPLE A PROJECTED CONCRETE SHELL). C. PROCEDURE APPLICABLE IN PARTICULAR TO THE REALIZATION OF WATERPROOFING OF TUNNELS, GALLERIES, BOXES AND ELEMENTS OF CONSTRUCTION.

Description

16959

  Method and material for sealing and stabilizing

  constructions and parts of construction ".

  The invention relates to a method for

  Waterproofing and stabilizing constructions, in particular tunnels, galleries, caissons and / or building elements, such as steel tube reinforcing panels, against the pressure of water and a material

  for the implementation of this method.

  It is known to seal tunnels and constructions of this type, using welded panels and / or plates, which must be fixed

  first on the rock, to then operate the construction

  the tunnel itself, of cast concrete and / or

  designed or prefabricated material (assembly panels)

BLER).

  All these processes have the disadvantage

  resident in that the watertight

  to be fixed on the excavated rock As these points of

  fixation always represent latent weak points.

  There is also the risk that these plates of

  before the concrete support construction has been applied to them, impregnate with water from the rock, resulting in

leaks.

16959

  The object of the invention is to propose a reliable method and a material for the implementation

  of this process, which make it possible to eliminate the

  mentioned and which are of economic application.

  than. For this purpose, the object of the invention is

  characterized in that it is applied by pul-

  plastic or rubberized, suitably modified, very rapidly reacted, by a two-component method, directly on the dry or wet soil, or on the excavated rock, as an insulating adhering layer and as an adhesion layer for the shotcrete to be subsequently deposited as well as for reinforcement of the tunnel (for example

a shotcrete shell).

  According to advantageous embodiments

  In accordance with the invention, the insulating layer is sprayed in a thickness of 8 to 10 mm, particularly preferably 3 to 1 m, the steel bases are provided with a base layer, an insulating layer and a base underlay. of matter

  synthetic material, for example a two-component epoxy

  with mica iron or zinc powder, the insulating layer is reinforced by incorporation of

  leaves, ribbed bands or other materials.

  For the implementation of this method, the invention extends to a material characterized in that

  it has a reaction time (storage time)

  in pot) extremely short about 3 seconds

  at 40 minutes, preferably from 14 seconds to 40 minutes

  and a Shore A hardness of between 40 and 90,

  preferably 65 and 80, and that it contains

  these for the modification, for example the improvement of the adhesion, the bridging of cracks and others,

  that, as a modifying agent, it contains addi-

  minerals, chalks, natural and synthetic silicates, liquid tar, mineral oils, oil-containing substances, paraffins and

  others, for example to improve adhesion,

  resistance to moisture, changes in viscosity, modulus of elasticity, cracking properties

  and wear, as well as to control the reaction time

  and others that it is further reinforced by fibers, plies, mats and fabrics of glass fibers, polypropylene, carbon, metals, polyamide,

  as well as mineral and natural fibers.

  The development of the synthetic

  tick or modified rubber, compatible with humi-

  This extremely fast reaction system makes it possible

  spray, on a dry and / or wet bottom, essentially in the construction of tunnels, a

  insulation layer with a thickness of 8 to

  especially 3 to 1 mm, which ensures on the one hand a

  a satisfactory surface even at roof level, and secondly a satisfactory adhesion of shotcrete and / or cast concrete which must be applied thereafter. It thus becomes possible to practice a completely new construction technique,

advantageous and rational.

  Depending on the quality of the surface in ques-

  can be applied by spraying directly to the excavated rock, or to a concrete

  projected directly after drilling, the syn-

  thetic or rubber, as an insulating layer of

liquids.

  Thanks to the extremely fast reaction time

  about 14 seconds, you can go up

  the tunnel reinforcement structure-that is,

  say the frame in the form of stirrups, and for example everything

  immediately after, apply by spraying

  support wheel, ordinary shotcrete or steel fiber It is of course also possible, depending on the technical requirements, to apply cast-in-place concrete to the previously planned liquid insulation layer. As a result of its particular surface structure, the material according to the invention can be covered with shotcrete of any type.

  or with any suitable coating.

  The product according to the invention hardens in two phases

  phase immediately following application by pul-

  (about 15 seconds and 40 minutes after the treatment) the material has a consistency of

  kind of paraffin, relatively viscous.

  2nd phase: after 40 minutes, a highly viscous insulating material is formed, very resistant to traction and abrasion, homogeneous, like horn, in the form of

  an insulating layer of the liquids and hardened.

  The spray application of shotcrete, or the deposition of an appropriate coating, preferably takes place at the stage of the first phase, however, after entering the second phase, it is also possible to operate without problem, of such

  so that the adhesion properties at the interlayer

  medial and connection of the insulating layer of the liquids remain, still after a prolonged period after application by spraying and / or coating using a suitable apparatus, that is to say that the necessary construction joints remain waterproof from

sustainable way.

  The material according to the invention can be

  made of polyurethane, epoxy resin compounds

  xydes, acrylates, polyesters, silicones, polysulphides, butyl rubber and flexible or optionally hard PVC, as well as natural rubber or others, and its Shore A hardness is preferably adjusted to a value comprised

between 65 and 80.

  Research has shown that, in this field, the rebound of shotcrete, simple or containing steel fibers, is the weakest, and it is possible to exclude with certainty the perforations of

  the concrete layer by these steel fibers.

  For specific areas of application

  the properties of the material can be modified by the addition of suitable solid fillers, such as mineral additives in the form of chalks, natural and / or synthetic silicates and the like, so that, inter alia, the adhesion properties be improved, and that at the same time, the effectiveness of the sealing system with the

  insulating liquids, is significantly increased.

  By adding liquid fillers, such as, for example, liquid tar, mineral oils, oily substances, paraffins and the like, the properties of crack bridging and adhesion to the primer can be modified. by changing the elasticity and others,

following the application.

  In addition, the insulating layer or crust may be reinforced by the addition of fibers, for example glass, polypropylene, carbon, metal, polyamide and mineral fibers fibers.

or natural, and others.

  A select combination of solid and liquid fillers allows the modification of the insulating crust so as to obtain a resilient, wear-resistant floor covering which fills

  same time functions of sealing layer.

  It is furthermore advantageous that the crust

-2516959

  insulation can be applied without problem to a layer of the same material, even if the latter

  several days, so that the connections

  ments and working sections do not pose any problem.

  It is also possible to apply the insulating crust in two layers, one after the other, or by interposing between these two layers a sheet, a

  fabric trim or other (tablecloth, mat) appropriate.

  The incorporation of ribbed copper strips does not pre-

  also feels no difficulty.

  A particularly important advantage

  is the absence of welding, always used

  It is known that in the construction of the M nich metro, this resulted in repeated difficulties.

  such as serious burners, partly fatal.

  But above all, a considerable advantage is constituted by the good resistance of the insulating crove to cold and heat, its elastic behavior, and the fact that, unlike sealing methods in use, the method of the invention does not require not an application surface completely

  dry, and does not absolutely require a pressure of

  serting. In comparison with the known sealing methods by welded strips or sheets, the method of the invention also has the advantage that there is practically no infiltration layer bringing water. the infiltrations of the rocky bottom, usual with the sealing strips, this

  which is also true for leaf bindings.

  Other advantages of the process are constituted, besides the savings realized for the

  formwork and by a single work step

  that unlike constructions in two or more i

  shells, by the fact that the rock is immediately reinforced

  and sealed from the tunnel, which allows

  also makes it possible to considerably shorten the duration of

construction work.

  The invention will be better understood with the aid of the following example: In the underground boring of a track for a subway; the quality of the soil ranged from rocky to marly Due to the different soil qualities, the pierced pathway had to be immediately reinforced and at the same time an effective sealing system had to be put in place immediately The construction of the track according to the The invention was carried out with a first reinforcement of the rock by means of a layer of shotcrete, with

  6 to 8 cm thick Directly on concrete

  discarded still fresh (a time shift of about 25 minutes, a laying offset on the track of about 1 meter), the material according to the invention was applied by spraying on the bottom, with the aid of a device

  Two-component Airless After a string of

  lon wide by the whole section of the tunnel was completed, we proceeded to the mounting of the frame having the form of a support grid adapted to the shape of the tunnel, and it was applied directly on it, by spraying, a fiberglass shot shell

  of steel about 20 cm thick.

  The insulating layer or crust of the liquids according to the invention may be manufactured for example from the

following way.

  A high-reactivity, two-component, solvent-free, non-filled polyurethane was mixed in resin proportions:

  : 72 by weight or 100: 69 by volume, in a

  In the treatment, it is necessary to ensure that the hardener in particular

  does not come into contact with high humidity.

  In any case, the pipes must be closed immediately after use When working on a steel floor, a base layer, for example made of two components, must first be laid with micaceous iron bound by epoxy or the

  Zinc powder The technical characteristics of the

  In this example, the following proportions are given: Proportions of mixing 100: 72 by weight 100: 69 by volume Preparation time in pots about 15 seconds Specific weight according to

background and the pulping process

  Shore time for one for one for a tensile strength

Consumption in material.

  following the bottom Solvent for cleaning the device

0.8 to 1.1

  density 0.8: 65 to 67 density 0.9: 70 to 72 density 1.1 to 77 to about 10 N / m 2 1.5 to 2.5 kg / m 2 ethyl acetate

Claims (2)

CLAIMS) A method for sealing and stabilizing constructions, in particular tunnels, galleries, caissons and / or building elements, such as steel tube reinforcing panels, against the pressure of the water, characterized in that an appropriately modified, very rapidly reacted synthetic or rubbery material is applied by a two-component process directly to the dry or moist soil, or the excavated rock, as an insulating adhering layer and as an adhesion layer for the shotcrete to be subsequently deposited, as well as for reinforcement of the tunnel (for example a shotcrete shell).   20) A method according to claim 1, characterized in that one projects the insulating layer in a thickness of 8 to 0 mm, particularly 3 to 1 mm.   Process according to one of the claims   1 or 2, characterized in that the steel bases, before the laying of an insulating layer, are provided with a sub-layer based on synthetic material, for example a two-component epoxy resin, with micaceous iron or zinc powder.   40) Process according to any one of   Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that   forces the insulating layer by incorporation of leaves,   striated bands or other materials.   ) Material for the implementation of the   process according to any one of claims 1 to   4, made of synthetic material or rubber, characterized in that it has a reaction time (duration of   very short pot storage) of about 3   40 minutes, preferably from 14 seconds to 40 minutes, and a Shore A hardness of 40 to 90, preferably 65 to 80, and contains substances for modification, for example   adhesion, bridging cracks and others.   Material according to claim 5, characterized in that, as a modifying agent,   it contains mineral additives, chalks,   natural and synthetic liquids, liquid tar, mineral oils, oil-containing substances, paraffins and the like, for example to improve adhesion, moisture resistance, viscosity modification, elasticity, cracking and wear properties, as well as   to control the reaction time, and others.   ) Material according to one of the claims   5 and 6, characterized in that it is furthermore   forced by fibers, tablecloths, mats and fabrics made of fiberglass, polypropylene, carbon, metals,   polyamide, as well as mineral and natural fibers. the.