FR2515802A1 - HEAT EXCHANGER COMPRISING A BEAM OF PARALLEL TUBES THAT CAN BE SOLICATED BY AIR, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE AIR CONDITIONING OF THE CABIN OF A MOTOR VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger including a bundle of parallel tubes, capable of being solicited by air. THE EXCHANGER INCLUDES, FOR EACH ROW OF TUBES, AN EXCHANGER HEAD 2 WHICH IS SHAPED OF AT LEAST ONE LAMINATED BODY WITH LOCALIZED LINKS 10 ASSOCIATED WITH EACH ROW OF TUBES 6, THIS BODY DELIMING TWO CHANNELS OR NETWORK OF CHANNELS INCLUDING L 'ONE 8 IS CONNECTED TO TUBES 6 IN THE ROW, WHILE THE OTHER 9 CAN BE USED BY A HEAT TRANSFER AGENT. APPLICATION IN PARTICULAR TO VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS.

Description

The present invention relates to an exchanger

  of heat, having a beam, which can be

  by air, parallel oriented metal tubes, and more specifically a heat exchanger of the type known for example from the German patent application DE-OS 30 31 624 unpublished, and comprising a beam, which can be requested with air, parallel-oriented metal tubes arranged in at least one row, preferably

  several rows of the same length placed parallel-

  next to each other, the tubes being hermetically closed and being arranged in the manner of tubes

  of heat, and in addition a metal head of exchange

  width, extending perpendicular to the tubular bundle

  which can be traveled by a calorie

  carrier, which head is leak-tight, with respect to flow, with respect to the heat pipe cavities of the tubular bundle,

  while being placed in liaison with

  mission of heat with these cavities.

  The heat exchanger represented in this

  previous document is selectively used for cooling

  or at the heating of the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle At the two ends of the tube bundle, different heat exchanger heads are provided, one of which can be activated by hot water for heating and cooling. other by a cooling agent for cooling The distribution of heat or cold input to the air flow is provided by the tubular bundle whose tubes are arranged in the form of so-called heat tubes Arrangements similar to a

  heat exchanger which can be used selectively

  both for cooling and for heating are described in the German patent application published under No. 27 56 119 and in the application

  German Patent Publication No. 2800265.

  The object of the invention is to provide an agency

  the heat exchanger which can be rationally manufactured and which achieves good heat transfer between the transport agent

heat and heat tubes.

  This problem is solved according to the invention in that the exchanger head consists of at least one laminated body with localized connections per row of tubes, this body being oriented parallel to the associated row of tubes, having a flat shape and consisting of three layers separated by inflation to form two independent channels or channels, one of

  Channels of a Laminated Body Channel Heat Tubes -

  being connected to the heat pipe cavities of the tube row, while the other channel agent channel

  heat carrier may be requested by the calopor

  Due to the use of three-layer localized layered laminated bodies having two separate channels or channel networks, it is possible to form a number of channels separated from one another in a rational and inexpensive manner. However, because of the dense compacting of many laminated bodies with mutually adjacent localized bonds in a small volume, it is possible to obtain an exchange between them.

  of intimate warmth between the different volumes of

LEMENT.

  Other advantages and features of the invention will be highlighted, in the following

  description, given by way of non-limiting example,

  with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figures 1 and 2 are respectively an elevational view, taken in the direction of air flow (Figure 1), and a view in a perpendicular direction (Figure 2) a first embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention, comprising circular tubes inside the tubular bundle; FIGS. 3 and 4 are similar views of another embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention, comprising two laminated bodies with localized bonds per row of tubes, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are respectively a view lateral view in a direction perpendicular to the air flow (FIG. 5) and a top plan view (FIG. 6) of another exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention, in which also the tubes solicited by the air are

  formed by localized bonded stratified bodies.

  The two heat exchangers 1, 1 'represent

  Figures 1 to 4 are essentially

  of an exchanger head 2, 2 'and a tubular bundle issuing from them, urged by air and comprising parallel tubes 6 which are distributed in several rows 7, 7' disposed in parallel one beside the other, of about the same length, and oriented perpendicularly to the air stream 5 The tubes of the bundle are connected in groups and form cavities of tubes of

  heat, which are separated, with regard to the

  and sealed away from

  volumes of the exchanger head which can be requested

  cited by a heat transfer agent inside the

  exchanger head, there is a good trans-

  heat mission between the heat transfer agent flow channels, the heat transmission channels 9, on the one hand, and the portions of the tube bundle heat pipe cavities which are located in the heat sink core, heat exchanger, the channels 8 formed by the heat tubes, on the other hand The heat tubes distribute, in the case of small decreases in temperatures, the heat absorbed in

  the entire section of the air stream 5.

  It can also be expected on the beam

  tubular two exchanger heads, one of which is

  tagbly placed at the top and can be requested, during the cooling of the air stream, by a refrigerating agent to vaporize, while the lower head of exchanger is used for heating and is then traversed by hot water The cavities tubular bundle heat tubes or rows of tubes penetrate both the upper and lower heat exchanger heads.

  found in the cavities of heat tubes is vapo-

  rised downwards, it climbs into the tubes 6, it gives up its heat through the wall of the tubes to the air current and it condenses on the inner face of the tubes; the condensate returns to the heated zone under the influence of gravity and / or by capillary action of an appropriate structure of the inner face of the

  tubes, so that the circuit closes when cooling

  flow of air flow, hot water supply

  is obviously cut off and, on the contrary, the refrigerant

  Sprayer is channeled into the upper exchanger head. In this mode of operation, the agent in the heat pipe cavities is

  vaporized in the tubes 6 of the beam which are

  cited by the draft, so that the heat

  is ceded by the air The vaporized agent goes up

  The condensate formed flows into the heat pipe cavity portions which are located in the upper heat exchanger head, the heat being transferred to the refrigerant and causing its evaporation. the bottom under the action of gravity and / or by capillary action inside the tubes into the part of the cavities of heat tubes which is requested by the

  air flow 5, which also causes a

  In each case, the part-condensation of the heat pipe cavities is arranged in the

  meaning of the force of gravity, above the part-

  evaporation, so that this promotes a reflux of

  condensate under the influence of gravity

  In order to improve the heat transfer between the air stream and the tubes 6, perforated sheets which are swept by the air are clamped thereon by frettage. The frettage is advantageously produced by an expansion of the tubes after threading the sheets. In the heat exchangers of FIGS. 1 to 4, the exchanger heads are formed by a plurality of localized bonded laminates having three layers which have been separated by inflation, which bodies are arranged perpendicularly to the direction of flow. In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, there is provided a laminated body 10 for each row of tubes whereas, in contrast, in the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, there are provided two laminated bodies 10 '. By row of tubes Due to the three-layer structure of the flat-shaped laminated body, it is possible to form therein two separate channels or networks of separate channels, one of which constitutes the heat pipe channel 8 and the other the

  heat transfer agent channel 9 of the exchanger head.

  The heat pipe channel is arranged as -6-

  a network of channels approximately in the form of

  ladder whose channel sections corresponding to the rungs of the ladder are oriented parallel to the tubes 6 The heat transfer channel is on the other hand arranged without bypass and is arranged in the form of meanders throughout the entire body of the laminate, the sections of the heat transfer medium channel being placed in coincidence with the sections corresponding to the ladder rungs of the heat pipe channel, so that the two types of channels are arranged in coincidence over the largest possible part of their

  The heat pipe channel of a stra

  has several channels of derivation 11 ori-

  in the direction of the edge and each of which is sealingly connected to a tube of the corresponding row, for example by a weld The tube is slightly flattened in the corresponding transition zone while, on the other hand, the bypass channel is slightly

  expanded relative to the other channel sections.

  The heat pipe cavities of the different

  stratified bodies do not have any transboundary

  dirty between them in the examples of realization of

  Figures 1 to 4 In stratified bodies that are

  perpendicular to the direction of flow of air, the cavities of the heat tubes can in this case be adjusted individually, on the basis of a specific filling, to specific operating points, so that even for the rows of tubes that are located further back in the air stream, it is still possible to obtain, despite the decrease in the temperature difference between the air and the

  tubes, optimum heat transmission.

  Since two laminated bodies are provided for each row of tubes 7 ', it is possible to have, by unit of construction volume, the exchanger head, larger heat exchange surfaces between heat transfer agent channels and heat pipe channels, so

  that in the case of a length and a width

  The provision of two laminated bodies per row of tubes also has the advantage that these bodies can be laminated en bloc inside the head. of exchanger, which naturally assumes that the total thickness of a laminated body corresponds at least approximately to the radius of the tubes and that in addition the tubes of adjacent laminated bodies must be arranged in a baffle with respect to each other In order to be able to place the tubes associated with a pair of laminated bodies in a straight row of tubes 7 ', the tubes associated with one of the laminated bodies are arranged eccentrically with respect thereto and the two laminated bodies associated with a row of tubes, together with the associated tubes, are then arranged as

Mutual mirror images.

  In the exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the tubes 6 'of a row of the tubular bundle are also constituted by a laminated bonded body which has been shaped by inflation and which is integrated with the laminate body associated with the row in the exchanger head 3 or 3 'to form a unitary unit of a heat exchanger plate 12. With this arrangement of rows of tubes, the tubes have a cross section in form of fish, so it is

  more advantageous to direct the parallel air flow.

  to the rows of tubes To allow a passage through the air perpendicular to the exchanger plates,

  between the tubes 6 'longitudinal slots are provided

  -8 nales 13 oriented parallel to said tubes and which are subdivided by stabilization struts 14, in several shorter passages which are arranged

  one behind the other To promote the exchange of

  between the air and the part of the exchanger plate which is stressed by the latter, there is provided in the zone between the different tubes several tabs 15 projecting from the plane of the plate and arranged in the manner of heat transfer fins, which are formed by punching and bending to

from the material of the plate.

  As shown in the top view of the

  Figure 6, the different stratified bodies of the sample

  heat can be formed from a continuous platen by folding it flat on

  zig-zag itself This offers the possibility of using

  for the manufacture of laminated bodies

  tines of larger dimensions more rational to

manufacture and manipulate.

  The exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger 1 'shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 comprises

  two identical exchanger heads 3 and 3 '.

  The importance of this heat exchanger consists, among others, in the division of the exchanger heads; indeed, they are divided perpendicular to

  the orientation of the rows of tubes or perpendicular

  stretching to the direction of flow of air in two

  sections separated from each other and individually

  dually intake or discharge pipes

  opening out to the outside

  their 9 different stratified bodies placed one to

  side of the other are interconnected, so that

  the flow, the inlet-and-outlet-side respectively via a connecting tube 4 into which an intake manifold or -9-

  from which a discharge pipe, respectively.

  Due to the division of the exchanger heads into two sections placed one behind the other, they can be closed individually, so that only one of the sections can be isolated and that in correspondence the associated part of the exchanger head can

  be solicited separately Such an arrangement of the

  heat exchanger or exchanger heads is advan-

  In this case, the three tubes 6 'of the rows which are placed first in the stream of air are cooled because the refrigerant is at a temperature below the dew point of the air. air is introduced into the upper head 3, in which case the rear section of the exchanger head is closed and in correspondence the three

  rear tubes of the rows are not cooled Simul-

  Meanwhile, however, the lower head 3 'is

  street by hot water, its front section being closed,

  and only the rear tubes of the rows are heated

  With such a procedure, it is possible to remove the human

  the moisture contained in the air passing through the heat exchanger, this moisture condensing on the front tubes 3; then, the cooled air is warmed up to normal temperature on the rear tubes, so

  dried air takes or keeps the temperature

normal biante.

-

Claims (15)

  1. Heat exchanger comprising a   1, which can be urged by 1 a 1 R, of parallel-oriented metal tubes arranged in at least one row, preferably in several rows of the same length placed parallel to one another, the tubes being hermetically closed. and being arranged in the manner of heat tubes, and furthermore a metal exchanger head, extending perpendicularly to the tubular bundle and capable of being traversed by a heat transfer medium, which head   leakproof, with regard to the flow of   relative to the heat pipe cavities of the tubular bundle, while nevertheless being placed in heat transmission connection with these cavities, characterized in that the exchanger head (2,2 ', 3,3') is consisting of at least one laminated body (10, 10 ') per row of tubes (7, 7'), this body being oriented parallel to the associated row of tubes (7, 7 '), having a flat shape and being formed three layers separated by inflation to form two channels or networks of independent channels, one of the channels of a laminated body (10,10 ') heat pipe channel (8) being connected to the heat pipe cavities of the row of tubes (7,7 '), while the other channel heat transfer agent channel (9) can be requested by the heat transfer agent.   2. Heat exchanger according to the claim   1, characterized in that the heat pipe channel (8) is arranged in the form of a network of approximately ladder-shaped channels, the   sections of the canal corresponding to the bars of the   ladder are oriented parallel to the tubes (6) of the row (7,7 '). 2 5 1 5 8 0 2   he - 3. Heat exchanger according to one of   claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the channel   of heat tubes (8) has several channels of   bypass (11), directed towards the edge of the strati-   10,10 ') and each of which is sealed   to a tube (6) of the corresponding row (7,7 ').   4. Heat exchanger according to one of the   claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the   heat transport agent channel (9) is arranged   without meandering derivation throughout the entire   due to partially stratified body (10,10 ').   5. Heat exchanger according to one of the   Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the channel   of heat transfer agent (9) and the heat pipe channel (8) are arranged in coincidence on   as much as possible of their extent.   6. Heat exchanger according to one of   Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is   provided for each row of tubes (7 ') and for each exchanger head (2') two laminated bodies (10 '), in which case alternatively a tube (6) leads to one   stratified bodies (10 ') while the immediate tube   adjacent (6) leads to the other laminated body (10 '), the tubes associated with one of the laminated bodies (10') being in particular alternately oriented as mutual mirror images and eccentrically by   relative to the corresponding stratified body (Figures 3 and 4).   7. Heat exchanger according to one of the   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thickness   total of a laminated body (10 ') is at least approximately equal to the radius of the tubes and in that the laminated bodies (10') of an exchanger head (2 ') are laminated in a block, the tubes (6') ), which are associated with adjacent laminated bodies (10 ') being arranged in   baffling with respect to each other. 15802   12 - 8. Heat exchanger according to one of   Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rows   of tubes (7,7 ') and laminated bodies (10,10') are   arranged perpendicularly to the air stream (5).   9 Heat exchanger according to one of   Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the tubes   (6) of a row are also arranged as inflation-shaped localized bonded layered bodies which are integrated with the laminate body associated with the row in the exchanger head (3,3 ') to form a monoblock unit corresponding to a exchanger plate (12).   10. Heat exchanger according to the   cation 9, characterized in that the exchanger plates   (12) have longitudinal slots between the tubes   the S (13) oriented parallel to said tubes and   putting a passage of air in a direction   to the exchanger plate (12).   11. Heat exchanger according to the   cation 10, characterized in that the longitudinal slots   are subdivided by stabilizer spacers   in several shorter passages arranged one behind the other.   12. Heat exchanger according to one of   Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the   exchanger plates (12) comprise, in the area between the different tubes (6 '), a plurality of tongues (15) arranged in the manner of heat-transmitting blades and formed by punching the material   plates so as to project from the plane of said plates.   13. Heat exchanger according to one of   Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the plates   exchanger (12) are oriented parallel to the current of air (5).   13 - 14. Heat exchanger according to one of   Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the bodies   partially laminated heat exchanger (1 "') or exchanger head (3,3') are constituted by a unitary laminated body of larger appropriate size, which has been subjected to flat folding on itself in zig-zag.   15. Heat exchanger according to one of   Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it is   provided at both ends of the tube bundle   a heat exchanger head (3,3 '), one of the   heads (3) which can be requested by a heat   a carrier conditioned at a temperature above ambient temperature, while the ai-re head (3) can be requested by a heat transfer medium conditioned to a temperature colder than the dew point temperature of the air, and in that that the heat transfer agent channels (9) of the laminated bodies are divided, in   the zone of the two exchanger heads (3,3 '), in two sec-   (16,17) independent of each other, which are provided respectively with inlet pipes and   outward opening, present pre-   the same magnitude and are placed one behind the other considering the direction of the flow of air, or in that the different channels of heat transfer agent are combined in the form of two sections arranged so that a part of the rows of tubes of the beam can be solicited in isolation   part of one of the exchanger heads (3) and that   the other part of the rows of tubes can be   biased from the other exchanger head (3 ').