FR2515078A2 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING BUCKLE ROLLERS FOR TRACKERS - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION CONCERNS FORGING ROLLERS AND SIMILAR PARTS. IT INCLUDES AN OPERATION FOR THE PREPARATION OF A BILLET WHICH IS SURROUNDED BY A SPLIT RING 22 WHICH IS THEN PLACED IN A LOWER DIE 27. A HIGHER DIE 30, HAVING A PUNCH 26, IS THEN PRESSED ON THE BILLET AND THE METAL DISCHARGE ALLOWS THE FORMATION OF TWO CHEEKS 28 AND 31 IN THE FORGED ROOM. THE UPPER DIE 30 IS REMOVED WITH THE PUNCH 26 WHILE A KEY 24 IS HOLDING THE SLOT RING AND THE PART. THE FINISH OF THE ROOM IS VERY SIMPLE. APPLICATION TO THE MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS FOR TRACTOR TRACKS.

Description

As explained in the main patent, the

  habitual production of cheek rollers or bouquets

  Peripheral tractors for tracked tractors require

  the welding of the two halves split longitudinally.

  The forging parts are transmitted in the form of half and the end of each half is machined so that cavities for welding are formed. The halves are welded to one another so that they form a single piece. piece, and they then undergo a relaxation of the constraints at the level of

  welds, before finishing machining.

  According to known improvements, the

  a two-cheek roller is produced by

  wise and forming a block in a classic way so

  that the largest cheek be formed in the upper part

  The blank of the two-cheek roller is then deburred, pierced and transferred to another machine which constitutes a machine or press to fold it This has two sliding lateral dies and an upper die with a long protruding punch The sliding dies are move horizontally so that they are connected at the level of the blank, where the second cheek is then formed The upper die moves in the vertical direction, and the long-length punch also moves vertically but passing through the

  upper part, after the positioning of the

  sliding tricks, and continues to descend

  the second cheek Given the nature of this type of operation, the smudging of the second cheek causes a

  misalignment of the sliding slotted dies.

  This misalignment obviously causes the formation of uneven surfaces between the two cheeks These burrs and irregular surfaces pose problems in the machining operation so that the machining time

necessary is increased.

  Known rollers for tractor tractors

  are half-formed, that is to say that a single cheek or a double cheek has a diameter different from a first cheek, but, in any case, two halves of rollers must be welded one to each other so

  that they form a complete roller for kennel tractors

  However, the invention applies to the formation of half-rollers or full rollers, to a single or

two cheeks.

  The prior art is described in United States Patent No. 585,821, 1,397,566.

and 2,105,289.

  U.S. Patent No. 585,821 discloses a device for producing the middle of a watch rim, wherein a split annular die F is disposed in a die H so that it forms

  a bead on the outer surface of the rim of the watch.

  This annular matrix F is used in a manner analogous to the present invention, but the annular matrix described in this patent does not include clamps and is not suitable for producing a tractor track roller such as the described in the following

present memory.

  U.S. Patent No. 1,397,566 discloses sliding dies 3 which are positioned relative to a wheel 13 so that they form

  on the outer surface, annular cheeks spaced 14.

  This patent does not describe split rings connected to one

to the other by pliers.

  U.S. Patent No. 2,105,289

  describes a press in which a ring 15 of

  The ring described is placed inside a press. However, this ring does not include tongs and it is not placed entirely in the press.

  According to the method of the invention, it is pos-

  sible to make either one half of a tractor track roller or the full roller with two cheeks or four cheeks in a single forging operation, as described hereinafter.

  forging is carried out by means of a punch

  metal, the applied technique involving the use of

  split rings and clamps for immobilizing the periphery of a forged part when it is in the block formation dies and

  finishing used in the forging operation.

  Accordingly, the invention relates to a

  yielding tractors of tracked tractors having cheeks and which are particularly well suited

  equipment intended to move in

  toothed, and also suitable for ball bearing bushings, crane wheels and oil well drilling cones Half roller or complete track roller for tractor track can be formed from 10 to 13 cm square ingots rounded corners of 6.3 mm, using an initial compression operation for

  breaking the scales on the heated metal and then

  The split rings and pliers are then placed around this flange and on the body of the workpiece. The latter and the split rings are then introduced into a block formation die which, according to the present addition, has a step in the lower die so that an enlarged cavity is formed

  in the matrix for the formation of a cheek of the pebble.

  Another cheek is placed between the split ring and the

  superior matrix A technique of refolding

  with a punch so that the metal is shaped around the split rings and forms

thus the cheeks of the pebble.

  The handle of the split rings (part of the clamps) protrudes from the die pair but does not touch them The workpiece and the clamps are removed and placed in the finishing die so that the operation is completed by a push back with the help of 'a punch forming

  a half-roller or a complete track roller

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  The split part and split rings are then removed When the split rings are removed from the part, it is ready for a punching and deburring operation, as it is held in position between a cradle and an ejector, so that a circular trimming ring works the final dimension and the punch forms the cavity in the tractor track roller The part is then

  ready for the final machining operation.

  The essential operations of the method described in the main patent are the taking of a heated billet and its compression so that the scales are driven out, and the prior formation of the billet with a conical end around which two split rings can be slid under the cheek, with a

  handling tongs split rings According to the pre-

  With the introduction into a preform die having a step cavity, the initial operations of a push-back technique are used so that the billet is shaped against the step of the die. lower and against the split rings and the upper part so that the outer profile of the half-roller or roller

complete is determined.

  The part and the split rings are removed from the block forming die and placed in a

  finishing matrix so that refolding operations

  can be completed, and the metal of the workpiece is driven in such a way that it matches the shape of the split rings and forms the cheeks in the die. In this way, a single burr is formed on the outside of a die. plays and thus allows the reduction of the stresses applied to the metal; Split rings

  and the piece are then removed from the finishing die.

  The split rings are then outside the die, and the piece is placed in a punching machine

  and is held in position by an ejector for the operation

  deburring allowance The external deburring tool cuts the burr of the cheek of the roller and the punch is lowered

  in the center of the roller so that it operates in a cavity

  previously formed by the block forming operation by displacement of the punch and by finishing, and the shape

  cylindrical roller is thus obtained.

  The invention thus relates to a new technology

  sophisticated forging technique involving punching back, allowing the formation of a

  half-roller or a complete roller in a press of

  operations, including keeping the workpiece in two split rings that are held by

  tongs A roller is formed in a vertical position, that is,

  ie along its axis, and against the sides of the rings' split so that circumferential cheeks are

  formed, and simultaneously in several operations.

  A block forming and finishing operation allows the formation of a cavity in the roller, with the metal being pushed back into the cheeks so that the split rings and clamps can be removed from the workpiece, and the

  drilling and deburring take place next.

  In addition, the invention makes it possible to simplify the operations of manufacturing track rollers for tractors A single or double-double cheek roller may be formed in a single series of forging operations, without separate parts being welded.

  The invention also relates to an improved process

  manufacture of a tractor track half-roller in a single forging operation, using split rings and pliers which form circumferential cheeks, while punching back

  ensures the formation of a cavity in the roller.

  Other embodiments of the invention are used for the formation of gable blanks

  bicycle hubs, wheel wells,

  rollers, crane wheels and drill cones

oil wells.

  Other features and advantages of the

  come out better from the following description.

  Fig. 1 is an axial section of a completed dual-cheek tractor track roller;

  FIG. 2 is a section illustrating the first

  first operation of shaping a raw material of circular section; Figure 3 is a section of a tractor track half-roller;

  FIG. 4 is a section illustrating the operation

  forging in which the roller of the figure

  3 undergoes a repression by a punch; -

  Figure 5 is a plan view of the split ring used for forming the roller of Figures 3 and 4; Figure 6 is a side elevation of a split ring, taken along line 6-6 of Figure 5;

  FIG. 7 is a section of the upper matrices

  upper and lower part and split rings used

  for the formation of the roller of Figure 1 with its four

be beautiful; -

  FIG. 8 is a section of FIG.

  presenting the ejector which hunts the forged and the

  split rings out of the lower die and the

  turn in a different position; Fig. 9 is a section of a forged cone of a drill bit; Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a forged part showing the split ring and the step cavity in a variant; Fig. 11 is a sectional view of a split ring and step cavity of another embodiment; and Figure 12 is another section of another

  split ring and another step cavity.

  The known method of manufacturing pebbles

  caterpillars of tractors with single or double cheek

  halts the welding of two halves that are split

  The forgings are transmitted halfway and the ends of each half are machined so that welding cavities are delimited.

  two halves are then welded in one piece.

  This piece then undergoes a relaxation treatment,

  welding and finishing machining.

  According to the method of the main patent, however, single and double cheek rollers (normally two halves in one piece) can be produced by means of split rings and by pushing back with a punch,

  on a mechanical forging press The size of the

  Each half weighs 9 to 65 kg.

  In other words, the rollers can weigh from 18 to 20 kg and they are formed on a mechanical press having a capacity ranging from 2.5 to 10 10 or 1 10 N.

  The invention implements the following operations:

lowing.

  From a circular or square billet with rounded corners of 103-12719 mm, the hot raw material is clamped between open dies so that the scales are broken and a conical end

  is then formed, with an enlarged head, as the

  Figure 2 is a general illustration of

  There is a double cheek roller for tractor track 1 having an outer cheek 11 on one side and another 12 on the other side. Internal cheeks or rolls have the references 13 and 14. According to the prior art, these rollers are formed. in two parts, as indicated by

  In FIG. 2, which represents the operation

  compression, a circular billet 17 is compressed, that is, its scales are

  removed, and is shaped by a head or

  a large dimension, which carries the general reference 18, being formed in the cavity of the lower die 19 The upper die bears the reference 20 The head

  18 allows to surround the billet by a split ring.

  A positioning member 16 is formed in the

  lette. According to the present addition, the half-roller has

  two cheeks 50 and 51 and a central cavity 52 Two half

  rollers are welded so that they form a complete roller.

  The billet which has been compressed is surrounded by a split ring 22 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, intended to be housed in a cavity 23 formed in the lower die 27 and containing a retaining device in the form of a rotating key 24. which has a circular section and is cut along a rope 25 The key rotates so that it can retain the ring 22 in position when the plunger 26

  repels the metal at the time of removal

  Forming rations do not require a feather key.

nante or equivalent body.

  A stepped cavity 28 for forming a cheek is placed in the lower region of the

  lower matrix 27 Deep extensions penetrate

  trant in the lower matrix as indicated by the

  reference 29 correspond to the axial part of the half

  roller A second cheek is formed between the ring 22 and the upper die 30 which has a cavity 31 It should be noted that the cavities 31 and 28 form the cheeks 51 and

respectively.

  FIGS. 5 and 6 show the split ring of FIG. 4 The clips which are not shown are used for the handling of the rings and the forging so that it can be introduced into and removed from the lower die. The

  pliers are shown in FIG. 14 of the main patent.

  cipal. Each split ring has an upper face 34 and a lower face 35 and an outer face 36 and an inner face 37 A groove 38 is formed

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  for the passage of the rotating key 24 (Fig. 4).

  Figures 7 and 8 show the forgiving piece for a four-cheek roller. In these figures, the metal is forged with an upper die 40 which has a central plunger 41 and a circumferential groove.

  The lower die 43 has a central cavity 43

  trale 44 and a split ring 45 which bears against a step 46 formed in the cavity 44 The cavity provided with a step forms a second cheek which is equivalent to the cheek 11 of Figure 1 The cheek 12 is formed by the cavity 42 in the upper die, and the cheeks 13 and 14 are formed by grooves 47 and 48 of the split ring 45 A complete two-cheeked roller does not have these grooves A rotating key 24 blocks the rings in position and allows the removal of the diver

  41 After the end of the forging, and in the race of

  turn of the upper die, the plunger 41 is removed, and the key 24 rotates as shown in Fig. 8 A pneumatic ejector 49 expels the forged part and the split ring 45 as shown in Fig. 8 The split ring pliers are open and the pebble is

  deburred and perforated as described with reference to the

5 of the main patent.

  Figure 9 shows how the conical ring

  of a drill bit can be forged in a way that

  In this figure, the upper die 60 closes on a lower die 61. The latter has a cavity 62 which has a step 63 of reduced diameter. A rotating key 24 holds the ring 64 in position so that it can form the cone which can have a

  internal configuration 66 allowing the reduction of

  The step 63 forms the leading portion of the bit, and the groove 65 forms a ring from which teeth

training are formed.

  Figures 10 to 12 show parts of the lower die with various shapes of split rings Depending on the applied forces and the plunger, the rotating key may be necessary or not.

  FIG. 10 represents the lower matrix 70 and its base

  slit 71, as well as a step 72 It should be noted the major cheek 73 formed by the cavity of the die

  Figure 11 represents an inferior matrix

  The step 78 is shown below the ring so that it forms another cheek. FIG. 12 shows another shape, obtained with a lower die 80, a ring 81. and cheeks 82 and 83 in

  in all cases, the rotating key has been represented.

  The techniques used in the context of the

  they allow the formation of rollers, multiple sprockets, toothed rings, conical rings,

  of roller bearing cages, bicycle hubs-

  and crane wheels, each having at least two cheeks and in which parts are formed by machining The split rings used according to the invention form pebble cheeks having at least two cheeks

  so that the machining of the final product is very easy

  In almost all cases, a piece is formed while a cheek is formed in the stepped portion of the lower die and a second cheek is formed in a cavity of the upper die, the two cheeks having comparable diameters can be formed in split rings, between the cheeks, so that additional cheeks of comparable diameters

formed where appropriate.

  it is of course aue the invention has been

  described and shown only as a preferred example

  and we can bring any technical equivalence into its constituent elements without leaving

of its frame.

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Claims (9)

  1 forming process between closed matrices,   for the manufacture of a cylindrical metal part   jig with at least two outer cylindrical flanges and a cylindrical cavity, according to claim 1 of the main patent, characterized in that it comprises: A introduction of a prepared billet (17) and a slotted ring (22) placed outside the billet, in a dice game (27, 30),   B the support of the ring in a cavity   of a first matrix (27), the cavity having a step (28) remote from the other matrix (30), the step having a diameter smaller than that of the cavity of the   first matrix and allowing the formation of a first   first plays the cylindrical metal piece, C the closure of the other end of the   ring (22) by the other die (30) which comprises a plunge   central groove (26) for forming a central cylindrical cavity and a cavity of a diameter close to that of the step cavity, so that a second cheek is formed in the metal part, the cheeks being placed on either side of the split ring and the central cylindrical cavity, and D the removal of the split ring (22) and the cylindrical metal piece having the cheeks out   dies and finishing and deburring of the piece.   Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the workpiece is deburred to remove   the burr formed around one of the cheeks, and a point   axially, in a single operation, so that cavitation   tee of the metal part forms a cylindrical hole (52).   3 Forging process between closed dies   according to claim 1, by use of matrices   these upper and lower intended to form a cylindrical metal parts having at least two outer cylindrical cheeks and a central cylindrical cavity, 2 d 5578 said method being characterized in that it comprises   In the preparation of a billet (17) designed to be forged,   B the disposition of a split ring (22> round of the billet,   C the assembly of the split ring in the   (27), D the formation of cavities in the upper and lower dies (30, 27) on both sides   of the split ring so that cylindrical cheeks are formed, and   E forging the billet so that a pre-   the first end of it is pierced along its axis   and forms a central cylindrical cavity with displac-   metal radially outward.   4 Forging apparatus between closed endmatrices for forming a forged roller or equivalent part by carrying out the method according to any one of   of the preceding claims, characterized in that   comprises A lower die (27) forming a first substantially circular cavity,   B a step (28) formed in the cavity and de-   limiting a cavity of smaller diameter just below the first cavity,   C a split ring (22) placed in the first   first cavity and protruding inwards, this ring defining a cavity of diameter smaller than that of the cavity of the step, D an upper die (30) forming a   second substantially circular cavity, having a di-   meter approximately equal to that of the step cavity, but a diameter smaller than that of the first cavity, and E a plunger (26) associated with the cavity of the upper die and penetrating the cavity of the lower die so that it delimits a cavity 13 2515078   central, the lower matrix having a central part   tread that protrudes near the diver, so that   setting cavities of the upper and lower matrices   ensures the formation of a roller or equivalent piece   slow, having at least two cheeks, one of which is formed by the step cavity and the other by closing of the upper die on the lower die nearby of the split ring.   Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the split ring <45) has one or more grooves   (47, 48) and form cheeks in the forged roller.   6 Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the roller has a central portion of reduced diameter, and the split ring (45) has a radial thickness   bigger in its middle part.   7 Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the lower die has a rotating key (24) which is associated with the slotted ring (45) and fixed   the latter so that it can not be raised during   that the plunger is removed from the lower die.   8 Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the split ring (45) enters the upper die (40) and the latter supports the ring towards   outside, in its closed position.   Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the roller has at least one cheek (50) protruding radially outwardly and formed by the step cavity, and a second cheek (52) formed in the cavity   of the upper die using the split ring (45).