FR2513749A1 - Safety catch for automatic pistol - has thrust piece on hand grip to arm and disarm firing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The catch is for safe and ambidextrous operation of an automatic pistol. It has a barrel and sliding breech and a body with a detachable magazine. The firing mechanism includes a trigger acting on a bar and a pawl controlling a firing pin. The pawl, free from the body, is joined to a thrust pawl at the front of the handle and under the trigger guard with a spring return. This can be worked at will, with either hand. The pawl acts as a drive pawl to arm or disarm the firing mechanism.

Description

 The present invention relates to safety and ambidextrous handling devices for automatic pistols.

 In the numerous known devices of this kind, different systems have been used both with regard to the means of action and the points of application and the manner, voluntary or automatic, of their implementation, separately or in combination, for attempt to reconcile conditions that are difficult to reconcile with each other on the very principle of the automatic pistol. These conditions are the transport and handling of a weapon loaded with a live cartridge in the chamber, in complete safety by blocking or disarming the percussion system and / or blocking the trigger system to avoid the risk of starting a accidental or involuntary shot, and this retained the possibility of firing quickly, voluntarily, with precision, when this was desired, with one hand or the other.

 To meet the above conditions, it was necessary to complete and modify the operation of the automatic pistol as it was designed, originally, according to a general architecture which did not vary from then, except two or three forms of particular achievements practically disappeared today.

Whatever the model, an automatic pistol always includes a more or less coated T-shaped carcass. The upper horizontal branch supports the barrel and serves as a slide for the movable breech which can move longitudinally on the axis of the barrel. The vertical branch, commonly known as the stock, serves as a handle to hold the weapon and contains the reserve of cartridges, either in the form of a fixed magazine or in the form of a removable magazine, with a spring-loaded elevator. A closing spring, the position of which varies according to the model, ensures the closing of the breech on the barrel.The firing system always consists of a striker, housed in the breech, parallel to the ale of the barrel and which can be violently thrown against the primer of the cartridge by a percussion spring according to two possible principles
- the percussiaiest spring housed in the cylinder head behind the
percussion system / which we will call direct percussion.

 - the percussion spring is housed outside the cylinder head, in the butt or in the hammer which it actuates to strike the striker, a system which we will call indirect percussion.

The criterion for real choice between these variants is the mode of rearming the percussion system:
- in direct percussion, the system is reset on return from or.

tired by the force of the closing spring1 the movement of the system being stopped by the lever is kept in the cocking position. The closing spring which must provide these two arming and closing functions must therefore be more powerful than in the second variant where:
- the struck striker being free in the breech, it is the dog which is armed with the opening of the cilasse by the reaction force and the breech spring assumes only the closing. Such a spring is weaker than in the first case and allows easier manual operation of the cylinder head.

Whatever the direct or indirect brag, the percussion system is held in the cocked position by a ratchet
or trigger pivoting on a transverse axis fixed to the rear of the butt, under the breech, and which engages in a notch of army carried either by the striker in direct percussion, or by the dog in indirect percussion. Under the pressure of the shooter's index finger, a trigger placed at the front of the stock under the barrel can either by pulling or pushing a trigger bar, passing laterally against the cartridge magazine, internally or externally at the cc; sae, lower the trigger which releases the provo army notch; as for the percussion and the departure of the blow. The trigger and the trigger are always returned to the rest position by return springs.

 In a pistol of this general design, by pulling the breech backwards, the chamber is opened by compressing the closing spring. As soon as the cylinder head has passed the magazine bottom, the cartridges are pushed by the elevator against the magazine stop lips and the base of the upper cartridge goes up in front of the cylinder head tab. During this movement towards the notch of the percussion system has exceeded the trigger beak that this is the case of the direct striker which driven by the breech, has come back enough for = that or that this is the case of percussion indirect where the breech, while moving back, lowers the dog until cocking it.

 The bolt released, comes back quickly forward under the action of the closing spring, causing the cartridge to pass, which is pushed into the chamber, until it is completely closed. The percussion system has been held back by the notch armed with the trigger and the percussion spring is bandaged.

 The weapon is ready to fire.

At the start of the shot, the gas pressure which drives the bullet into the barrel, pushes the breech back: the casing is extracted and ejected from the weapon when the base meets a projection of the carcass making ejector. After stopping at the end of the stroke, the 8th culas comes back forward, causing as above the introduction of a new cartridge and the arming of the percussion system. But, infinitely faster than the manual maneuver, this automatic breech maneuver does not give the shooter time to release the trigger. In this state, the g chette being maintained lowered the notch of army does not catch. A new blow leaves and so on until exhaustion of the ammunition1 in 1/5 or 2/5 of second hardly, making impossible the control of the fire due to the violence of the retreat
This machine gun fire being incompatible with the precision and safety of a handgun, modifications have been devised to allow only the shot by shot by the voluntary action of the finger on the trigger.

It has thus been proposed to ensure the safety and precision of the automatic pistol by
1 - only pulling blow by blow thanks to an additional function of the breech brought to control the position of the chin bar of the trigger bar relative to the head of g chettev The chin bar is lowered when the cylinder head is open which allows the trigger to return to position to hang the army notch preventing automatic percussion. Firing can not resume until after the bolt is closed, the trigger bar can return to the trigger head by releasing the finger on the trigger.

 This link between the cylinder head and the trigger bar, known as the "separator", can be produced in different ways, either by an independent pusher with return spring, or by a lug of varying size secured to the bar. In this case, a single spring applies the lug against the cylinder head and brings the bar and trigger to rest. In both cases the head of the separator is actuated by the lower edge of the notched movable yoke so as to play the role of a straight cam.

 2 - By controlling the percussion system after loading the weapon by maneuvering the breech, according to three possibilities: 2.-if the weapon is of the classic type with fixed trigger, the percussion system being automatically cocked by the load maneuver, this can - 2.1.1 - Keep it armed and prevent firing other than voluntary by various means.

2.1.2 - Disarm and rearm it only at the time of voluntary fire.

 2.2 - If the weapon is of the type without a fixed trigger, cocking cannot take place by the breech maneuver and the percussion system is cocked by the trigger when firing.

3 - All possible systems have been used to answer the three cases above
3.1 - By directly blocking the percussion system by the voluntary action of a push button located on the cssté of the stick if it is a dog, on the side of the breech for the striker. This system must be manually disengaged before firing and if forgotten in one direction or the other, or one cannot fire since the pistol is blocked or the shot can leave inadvertently. It is a particularly dangerous and abandoned system in modern weapons.

3.2 - By preventing the action of the striker automatically by
3.2.1 - a key housed in a notch of the striker and preventing its axial movement except disengagement of this key by a voluntary action on the trigger.

 3.2.2 - a safety bar activated by the trigger being necessary so that the dog can strike the striker as in revolvers.

3.3 - By acting on the trigger system which can be blocked or disengaged by the action of a voluntary or automatic manual action lever which:
3.3.1 - lateral on the side of the stick with voluntary control with all the drawbacks mentioned in ≈3.1.

3.3.2 - anterior in the form of a-: pessofr located under the trigger guard on the front of the stick and whose action is automatic when the fingers release the pressure on the stick,
3.3.3 - later in the form of a pusher located on the rear edge of the stick and whose action is automatic as in 3.3.2.

 3.3.4 - interior acting as a separator when removing the magazine.

3.4 - Disarming the percussion system after loading or after stopping firing
3.4.1 - retaining the head of the striker which protrudes from the rear of the breech or the dog's tette according to the percussion mode, with
simultaneous trigger action to release the trigger from the notch and allow the percussion system to gently return to the rest position, at the risk of letting it escape with the result that the shot is started at random.

 3.4.2 - acting on a lever located on the side of the stick and which allows to disarm the dog with or without simulated action on the trigger, in complete safety.

3.5 - By mounting a rebound system to pocket accidental percussion following an involuntary shock by providing
3.5.1 - shortening the striker needle so that it is shorter than its housing and the tip of the striker, maintained in the rest position by a concentric return spring, does not exceed the firing cup, even in the case of ehien which comes to strike on the posterior face of the breech.

 3.5.2 - stopping the stroke of the percussion spring so that after triggering of the trigger, the stroke of the hammer or the striker started by the impulse of the percussion spring ends by inertia. After percussion, the striker or the dog is called back in contact with the percussion spring by the rebound system and generally locks into a half-armed notch which, by blocking it, adds to security.

3.6 - By voluntarily arming the percussion system, whether direct or indirect, only when firing:
3.6.1 - a direct action of the hand not holding the weapon, on the head of the striker or on the ergot of the outside dog to bring it to the hooking with the trigger head in the notch. This system presents the danger of letting the striker or the dog escape before hooking and of accidentally causing the start of the blow.

3.6.2 - action of an auxiliary lever by the hand holding the weapon
This lever cocking the percussion system until hooked with the trigger may be located on the front edge of the butt under the trigger guard, in the trigger guard with the trigger, on the side of the stick as the disarm lever, or on the rear edge of the butt This lever system only acts to cock and does not interfere with the trigger.

 3.6.3 - an action on the trigger alone with a long enough stroke so that the bar acting on a lug secured to the percussion system can drive it to the cocking position where a cam disengages it and allows it to crash into. Two cases can arise: 3.6.3.1 - with a fixed trigger there is a hooking on the return of the cylinder head and the following shots are commanded by the action of the gate with a reduced stroke of the trigger.

 3.6.3 - ~ with a: pistol without fixed trigger it is necessary for each shot to act in long stroke of the trigger, as for the first blow of the previous case.

 From this division of the command of the shooting by short or long stroke of the trigger follows the classification of the handguns therefore pistols in weapons with "single action" and in weapons with "double action", which divides the world of the shooters. Indeed If the shooting in "simple action" provides precision by the very small displacement necessary to trigger it which does not cause deviation of the weapon it does not allow the speed and the instantaneity if the weapon is not loaded for safety reasons, to avoid an untimely departure - On the other hand, firing in "double action" if it allows the rapidity and instantaneity of the action of the weapon with a cartridge in the re not the precision by following the movement of the weapon inherent 1 bandage effort of the percussion spring by the index and the long stroke of the trigger1 detrimental to the maintenance of the firing line.

 In weapons using these two shooting modes, the "double action" for the first shot and the "single action" for the following, it is very difficult for the average shooter to reconcile the difference of the races and to control the line of fire in both cases.

 All the systems exposed above to allow the transport and the handling of a loaded firearm in safety without any voluntary action on the trigger were used in more or less complex combinations without bringing the absolute solution to the problem, even when certain controls have been made operable from right to left to make the weapon available to right and left handed people.

4 - The last known device performs a new synthesis of existing means to give a unique weapon of its kind having the following peculiarities
4.1 - The closing of the fingers, other than the index and the thumb, of the hand holding the weapon ensures and maintains the arming, automatically1 thanks to a complex set of levers and springs of specific design, directly attacking the striker.

4.2 - the opening of these fingers releasing the butt, causes the instant disarming of the weapon
4.3 - The firing is triggered by the trigger, which rotates the direct attack rocker lever of the striker, at this time acting as a trigger.

 4.4 - An auxiliary tilting lever serves as a separator at the opening of the cylinder head.

 4.5 - In the event of a percussion failure, the opening and closing of the fingers on the stock is sufficient to reset and allow the percussion to be renewed as in a conventional double action weapon.

 By this device allowing the instant arming in time even of the grip of the weapon and the same precision as with a conventional weapon in simple action, the absolute security is assai rée automatically, the weapon being disarmed and rearmed with a simple movement of the fingers.

 But strictly limited to the relatively complex production of a particular weapon with direct percussion, fixed in its specific design, this last known device is without possibility of application to the generality of handguns.

 It also has the disadvantage of requiring a relatively high arming effort, the fingers actuating the arming lever ai-height thereof, under the trigger guard, while the lever attacks the striker at its axis. The force of the fingers is therefore almost twice that required to band the percussion spring. Finally, the two hands are needed to unhook the charger.

 The device according to the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks because although having the same external characteristics and obtaining the same results as the last known device described above in ≈4, it provides a general and simple solution which can be applied without significant structural modifications to existing pistols as well as to weapons to be created, incorporating this device from the design stage, while keeping the classic proven architecture of the automatic pistol with direct or indicative percussion, straight.

According to the invention, the device, applied with a conventional gun, is characterized in that it comprises:
- a trigger disconnected from the carcass, being able to move with the armed notch of the percussion system over the entire extension of the latter necessary to arm it, by action of the pusher, located as in the last device known on the front edge of the butt under the trigger guard, with return spring.

 - a movable arm, connected to the pusher, arm on which the trigger is articulated and which ensures the displacement of the latter in a housing located behind the magazine at the top of the handle.

 - a mechanical system connecting the arm and the pusher, self-locking in the armed position, with an automatic unlocking when the pusher is released.

 The movable trigger serves as a training ratchet to arm or disarm the percussion system while retaining its primary function of retractable ratchet, to trigger firing on demand under the action of trigger, the trigger spout remaining in engagement with the detent of the percussion system by an engaging spring during the entire arming stroke, the trigger head coming into the field of action of the trigger of the trigger bar only at the end arms race.

 Among the more or less complex ways in which the mechanical system of connection between arm and pusher can be produced, there are two particularly simple embodiments for modernizing existing weapons for example.

 According to the first solution, it is a knee-joint coupling which connects the arm and the pusher, the articulation axis of the knee-joint being subject to follow a specially oriented kidney-shaped groove.

 In this system, according to the invention, the articulation axis of the toggle joint formed by a bar, connected to the arm, and a link, connected to the pusher, being guided by the reniform groove acting as a cam, l effort of the middle finger to push the push-button and overcome the resistance of the percussion spring is very greatly reduced until it is canceled out at the end of the arming stroke, the direction of thrust of the arming bar becoming orthogonal with the segment upper terminal of the reniform groove, provo as for the self-blocking of the system by arching.

 So that disarming occurs automatically when the effort to maintain the pusher by the middle finger, the return of the louse evening under the effect of its return spring pulls on the rod which causes the release of the axis of the toggle from the locking position and the quick return of the coupling under the effect of the percussion spring which is released. The return spring can have a fairly large force corresponding to the normal force of tightening the stock during shooting.

 According to the second solution a bar with rectilinear displacement wefts and the push of the pusher to a lever connected to the trigger arm this lever 8 erasing after a certain rotation so that it is placed tangentially edge against edge with the barette, which causes its self-locking preventing the return back under the action of the percussion spring.

 So that automatic disarming occurs when the effort to maintain the pusher by the middle finger ceases, as in the first solution it is the return of the pusher under the effect of its return spring which releases the bar which at its turn can return to the rest position under the action of its own return spring. The pivoting lever released from the blocking can return back under the action of the percussion spring which is released.

 In the event of an empty shot or a miss of percussion, the percussion system rebounding to its rest position after having struck in the firing bowl, cannot - reseat on the trigger maintained in the armed position since there has been no of recoil of the breech to bring back the percussion system. This hanging up will be done automatically when the shooter, without changing his firing position, will open the fingers tightening the butt which will cause the return of the coupling so that of the trigger in the rest position. Fading away from the notch of the army, it returns to stand in front of it, turning on. The shooter, closing his fingers on the butt, will reset immediately and can re-fire, striking the defective cartridge again, which in the most general case works correctly.

 To facilitate the return of the coupling which in this case is no longer subjected to the force of the percussion spring which is released, a rest reminder spell acts permanently on the arm and the arming bar towards the rest position , its force added to that of the return spring of the pusher. When arming the force of this spring is added to that of the percussion spring and is compensated in the same way by the self-locking action.

 Although arms and pushers can be produced in the form of slides. with slides, for reasons of ease of manufacture and machining, they will preferably be produced in the form of pivoting levers with low angular displacement, the pusher becoming a lever, located under the trigger guard, in front of the stock, actuating the transmission system by its upper end, the lower end being articulated on an axis fixed transversely to the anterior base of the stick, the arm also being a lever carrying at one of its ends the trigger which is articulated to it, pivoting by the other end on an axis fixed transversely behind the magazine in the upper part of the stick behind the magazine, and connected with through the transmission system 6ionS - a light practiced in the carcass.

The device which is the subject of the invention can be applied to the two types of percussion according to two alternative embodiments:
- in direct percussion, the g8chette, in the shape of a triangle lying down with the vertical base is pushed by its top by the arm, the upper posterior angle forming the hooking notch of the army notch while the lower posterior angle forms the trigger head coming in the armed position, place in front of the chin bar of the trigger of the pulled type.

 - in indirect percussion, the trigger of the classic type, in engagement with the notch of the dog's arm, also classic, is carried at ltex- end of the arm which takes the shape of a yoke enveloping the dog and pivoting on ie same axis as this, such. so that the rotation of the yoke under the action of the transmission system causes the rotation of the dog, the trigger head coming at the end of rotation to be placed in front of or behind, as the case may be, the trigger bar stirrup which may be pulled or pushed.

 In both variants, to ensure perfect connection of the trigger head with the bar of the trigger bar, the latter is locked in the rest position by a stop located at the upper end of the cocking lever, both that it is not fully inserted in the armed position.

 The connection between the mechanical transmission system and the arm can be ensured in one of the many known ways used in double-action systems for connecting the trigger bar with the percussion system, but preferably according to the invention this connection is ensured by means of an auxiliary part.

This auxiliary piece, external to the carcass, pivoting on the same axis as the arm, is connected with the latter by a lug passing through the carcass by an oblong slot. The connection between this auxiliary part and the transmission system can be made of two different materials depending on the type of system used.
- in the toggle system, the arming bar is connected to the auxiliary part by a lug projecting from the flat of the auxiliary part, this lug preferably being an extension of the connecting lug between the auxiliary part and the trigger arm.

 - in the second pivoting lever system, an extension of this lever can attack a lug protruding from the auxiliary part as in the first case but preferably to gain maximum bulk in thickness the auxiliary part and the pivoting lever will be arranged in sectors of flat gears meshing with each other.

 The device according to the invention makes it possible, in addition to the functions described above, to ensure the automatic erasure of the breech stop lever, which is fitted to all automatic pistols, when the latter retains the breech open after the firing of the last cartridge. of the magazine being held in the high position by the plate of the cartridge elevator.

 To this end, each arming movement, a rocker actuated by a cam linked to the arming system, lowers the stop lever. This rocker returning to the rest position under the action of a return spring as soon as it escapes the spout of the cam in one direction or the other, the stop lever is then free to go up and stop the cylinder head at the end of the magazine, remaining in place during the disarming movement, the rocker disappearing in the opposite direction.

 After replenishing the weapon with a full magazine, the wise step of the reset cam will lower the lever and the released breech will leap forward, introducing a cartridge into the chamber.

The classic control button allowing the same loading maneuver without having to cock the gun.

 A weapon made or modified according to the principles which have just been exposed being able to be drawn as well by a right-handed person as by a left-handed person without manual control oriented to handle, it is necessary to make it perfectly practical and ambidextrous to modify the hook retainer of magazine in such a way that it can be actuated by the hand which holds the weapon without calling upon a wallet.

 For this, according to the invention, a pivoting lever is mounted at the front of the stock behind the trigger guard, on a horizontal transverse axis with a stirrup passing through the trigger guard, behind the trigger tail, so that it can be actuated from 'on one side like the other side of the stick both by the thumb and by the index finger of the hand holding the weapon, pushing forward.

Depending on whether the loader is hooked on the side by a transverse pusher or on the front by a ftont pusher, these plungers being housed at the base of the trigger guard, three types of lever are provided
- with the transverse pusher the lever can be mounted on an axis located a little lower and push the pusher in passing by the action of an oblique surface, return spring bringing the lever back.

 - with the same type of pusher, the lever mounted on the same axis as the pusher acts on it by a helicoRdale surface.

 - with a frontckl pusher, the lever lying on an axis located a little lower than the pusher, will drive it along.

 In the last two cases, the pusher springs will bring the levers back.

 Various other characteristics of the invention will emerge from the description given below with reference to the appended drawings which show, by way of nonlimiting examples, embodiments of the invention.

 Fig.1 is a sectional side view of the toggle system in the armed position applied to a weapon with indirect percussion.

 Fig.2 is an exploded perspective view of this system.

 Fig .3 is a side view of the carcass showing the lights and axis housings necessary for this system.

 Fig.4 is a partial view showing the dog with the yoke in the rest position.

 Fig.5 is a partial view of the same in the armed position.

 Fig.6 is a partial view showing the same at the time of shooting.

 Fig.7 is a sectional side view of the pivoting lever system in the armed position applied to a weapon with indirect percussion.

 Fig. 8 shows this system in the disarmed position.

 Fig. 9 is a side view of the carcass with the housings necessary for this system.

 Fig.10 is a principle perspective view of the loader stopper pusher control lever.

 Fig. 11 is a schematic sectional view of a transverse magazine hook pusher with lever co-axåals oélicoidole oction.

 Fig.12 is a side sectional view of the toggle system in the armed position applied to a direct percussion weapon.

 Fig.13 is a schematic sectional view of a transverse magazine hook pusher with an oblique attack surface.

 Fig. 14 is a schematic sectional view of a longitudinal loader hook pusher with lever / lateral drive.

 Fig.1 shows the rear part of an automatic pistol comprising a barrel 1, a movable breech 2 and a carcass 3 supporting the whole. The trigger guard 4 protects the trigger tail 5 pivoting on the axis 7 fixed transversely in the carcass 3 and driving by the axis 8 the trigger bar 9. A striker 12 housed in the cylinder head 2 is stopped by the pin 13 against the action of the rebound spring 14. The dog 15 pivots on the axis 16 fixed transversely to the rear of the carcass 3 at the top of the stick. It is subjected to the action of the percussion spring 19 which is supported on the stop 20 of the car breaks 3 at the bottom of the stick, by means of the push rod 18 which pushes on the lug 17 of the dog . The dog stop 21 mounted on the carcass 3 by the pin 23 contains the rebound spring 22 of the dog 15. The army catch 24 of the dog 15 is in engagement with the beak 27 of the trigger 25 pivoting on the axis 26 at the end of the yoke 29 pivoting itself on the axis 16 of the dog 15.The trigger 25 is held in contact with the dog 15 by a spring 28.

The auxiliary part 29a pivots on the same axis 16 as the yoke 29 while being connected with it by lug 29b and carries the spout 31. The rocker 32 pivoting on the spindle 32c secured to the carcass 3 while being raised in passing by the spout 31 which attacks its end 32b lowers by its end 32a the spout 36 of the breech stop lever 34 which pivots on the same axis 7 as the trigger 5. This lever 34 has a lug 34a which passes through the window 3a of the carcass can be lifted by the elevator platform of the magazine when it is empty of cartridge. A spout 35 serves as a retainer to keep the breech open by fitting into a notch carried by the lower edge of the breech. The arming bar 37 which extends laterally against the carcass is connected to one end 37a with the pin 29c projecting from the auxiliary part 29a and at the other end with the link 39 by the pin 37b
This end of the bar 37 is provided with a lug 38 which penetrates into a kidney-shaped groove 46 formed in the carcass 3
The link 39 is articulated at its other end with the lever 41 by a lug 40 projecting laterally on this levers which pivots on a transverse axis 42 carried by a projection 43 of the stick.

A return spring 44 tends to separate the lever 41 from the butt.

The upper end of the lever 41 carries a flap which enters the trigger guard and serves as a stop 45 to block the base 6 of the tail.
relaxation housing 5 in the rest position. The feeder stopper hook / pusher 49 is located in the base of the trigger guard.

 Fig. 12 represents the same rear part of a pistol but in direct percussion and the homologous parts bear the same marks but appear in addition in this figure the marks of the trigger system, that is to say that the barrette of trigger 9 carries the separator 10 which can be actuated by the cam II formed by the lower edge of the cylinder head 2 and at its end the chin 9a which attacks the trigger head 25a at the time of the firing. The spring 50 bearing on the carcass in 3d brings back by the notch 9b the bar and trigger assembly towards the rest position and keeps the separator 10 in contact with the breech edge 11.

 Fig.? represents the same pistol as fig.1 but with a different transmission system, which comprises a rectilinear displacement bar 51 extending laterally in a 3rd slide carried on the side of the stock, bar whose end 51a is pushed by the edge 41a of the cocking lever 41 and the other end of which cut into a corner 51b attacks a lever; 52 fl otast on an axis 53 fixed on the side of the stick by its edge 52a. This lever 52 is connected by a toothed sector 52b with a similar toothed sector carried by the auxiliary part 29a. The other end 52c serves as an attack spout for actuating the tip 36a of the ball 34b. Of the breech stop lever 34 by being pivotally mounted on the same axis 7. The spring 54 bearing on the pivot 53 recalls the lever 52 in the rest position by its branch 54a and the bar 51 by its branch 54b.

 The device described above operates in the following manner.

when the shooter grabs the army by the handle, it is held in place by the pliers formed by the thumb and forefinger which can be slightly engaged in the trigger guard 4 without pressing the trigger tail 5.

This is enough to hold the stick against the palm of the hand, the other three fingers being simply placed loosely against the cocking lever 41, which is spaced from the stick by its spring 44, the transmission and cocking system being at rest as shown in the various figures by a kill interrupted in long dashes. The pistol is in the disarmed state with a Sans-L-barrel cartridge. The dog is in the disarmed position for safety as it appears in fig.4. The relaxed percussion spring 19, the push rod 18 oSsten-support cOntre the axis 16 of the dog 15 and against its lug 17, which abuts on the rebound spring 22 which thus keeps it in contact with the thrust rod 18.

 In this disarmed position, the detent tail 5 abuts at its end 6 on the blocking cam 45 of the cocking lever which enters the trigger guard 4. It cannot therefore be operated. The rod 39 in the low position, the lug 38 which penetrates the reiniform groove46 is abutted in the lower part of this groove and the arming bar 37 is also sile in the low position under the effect of its spring reminder, which is not shown, like the auxiliary part assembly 29a -3tS- yoke 29 in the rest position. The trigger 25 is engaged by its beak 27 with the notch 24 of the dog 15 under the effect of the spring 28, as illustrated in fig. 4. The trigger head 25a which appears in FIG. 2 is clearly outside the field of action of the chin of the trigger bar.

 As soon as the shooter closes his hand on the stock to ensure his grip on the weapon when he intends to shoot, the fingers which were placed on the cocking lever 41 strongly tighten the latter against the stock. The lug 38 pressed against the oblique ramp 46afmmed by the lower rear part of the ruiniform groove 46 drives upwards. The angle ABC formed by the arming bar 37 and the auxiliary part 29a is obtuse with the subject located above as this appears in fig.3, the bar 37 driven by the lug 38 causes the rotation of the auxiliary part 29a which causes that of the yoke 29 therefore that of the trigger 25 which by its beak 2 ?: engaged in the notch army 24 'of the dog 15 causes the rotation of the latter.

This rotation of the dog 15 in turn causes the lug 17 to move the thrust rod 18 which compresses the percussion spring 19. At the end of the cocking lever 41 the lug 38 has reached the upper part of the reniform groove 46 which is orthogonal with the direction of thrust of the bar 37, as indicated in FIG. 3 which cancels the force of the percussion spring 19 with that of the bar return spring, not shown, for the force to be supplied by the shooter, on the cocking lever 41. It only remains to contain the force of the return spring 44 which is much lower than that which is necessary to tighten the stock to ensure the holding of the weapon during the shooting .

 At the end of the arming stroke, the rotation of the trigger 25 has brought the trigger head 25a in front of the flange 9a of the trigger bar 9. The weapon is ready to fire, like a conventional pistol in single action.

 If the firing decision intervenes, the action of the index finger on the trigger 5 pushes it in, which is possible because the tip 6 is no longer blocked by the cam 45 of the cocking lever 41, and the pivoting on the axis 7 pulls by the axis 8 the trigger bar 9 whose chin and @a abuts on the trigger head 25a. The trigger 25 pivots on its axis 26 releasing the spout 27 from the notch 'armed 24 of the dog 15, which violtamei pushed by the thrust libel 18 by the lug 17 under, the action of the percussion spring 19 goes by inertia to strike the striker 12 whose head 12a protrudes slightly on the rear face 2a of the cylinder head, the stroke of the thrust rod 18 having been stopped the axis 16, the dog ending its stroke by inertia. During this race7 by lug 1 it bands the rebound spring 22. Having struck the striker 12 the dog is immediately recalled back both by the rebound on the cylinder head and by the spring 22.The striker 12 wiolemzent struck by the dog 15 is launched forward and by inertia also will strike the primer of the cartridge causing the blow. Having abutted at the end of the race it rebounds under the shock and rew comes to its rest position under the action of its spring rebound 14 against the stop pin 13 which prevents it from coming out of the cylinder head 2.

 From the start of the blow, under the effect of the pressure of the gaula or weary recedes, lowering the dog 15 and the separator 10 which releases notch II from the lower edge of the breech, at the same time lowering the trigger bar 9 including the chuck 9a emerges from the trigger head 25a. The released trigger can come back into engagement by its beak 27 with the notch 24 of the dog 15 under the action of the spring 28.

For this, the breech at the end of the race has lowered the dog a5 until bringing it into contact with the stop 21 bringing the armed notch 24 slightly above the trigger nozzle 27 which allows the easy installation of that -this.

 When the cylinder head returns under the action of its closing spring the dog is released but cannot return to the rest position since it is retained by the trigger nozzle 27. The notch of the cylinder head bosd returns to the front the separator 10 which is then free to go back up like the trigger bar 9 under the action of the spring 50 but only if the index ar elashe -ai pressure on the trigger tail 5 allowing the bar-trigger assembly to go back leaving the chin 9 go back derrir'e the trigger head 25a.

 The return of the breech having produced a new cartridge in the barrel the shooting can resume according to the same sequence.

 When the shooter stops shooting, all he has to do is loosen his grip on the butt to secure the weapon. Indeed under the effect of its return spring 44 the cocking lever 41 is moved away from the stick and in doing so it pulls on the rod 39 which lowers the lug 38 which leaves the bending position and immediately draws it out of the percussion spring violently returns the entire arming system to the disarmed position. The same immediate safety takes place: if the weapon escapes the shooter's hand.

 In the variant in direct percussion shown in fig.12 the operation is strictly identical except as regards the percussion system which is here entirely contained in the breech, according to a classic principle of the automatic pistol.

 As in the previous variant, the action of the arming system by causing the trigger-carrier arm 9 to pivot towards the rear, the latter being engaged by its spout 27 with the armed notch 24, brings the movable part 15 of the striker by including the percussion spring 19 and bringing the trigger head 25a in front of the flange 9a of the trigger bar 9. As soon as the trigger 25 releases the dog 15 the latter strikes the striker 12 which at its turn will strike the primer of the cartridge making the shot go off. As the percussion spring 19 is fully relaxed in the rest position, the rebound spring 14 can bring the striker 12 back to the rest position, blocking the striker 12 and t dog assembly 15 against the percussion spring 19 in a position perfectly defined.

 When after the cartridges of the magazine have been exhausted the bolt goes back after the last cartridge has been fired, the elevator plate to the magazine coming into position. extreme high causes the lug 34a of the breech stop lever to pass, and the latter by its lug 33 stops the breech by moving into the stop notch which is located on the lower edge thereof.

 The shooter by pressing forward on one of the buttons 56 of the magazine catch lever 58 unlocks the catch hook and the empty magazine is ejected from the weapon, this maneuver being able according to the invention to be carried out either with the tip of the thumb or the tip of the index finger of the hand holding the weapon.

 After the introduction of a new full magazine by the second hand, the shooter can either lower the breech stop lever by acting on its manual control button or more simply, disarming the weapon, if he has not done so to change the charger, and by resetting by tightening the cocking lever 41.

 For this, when pivoting towards the armed position of the auxiliary part 29a, the cam spout 31 attacks the end 32b of the rocker 32, causing it to pivot on the axis 32c so that the other end 32a presses on the notch 36 of the breech stop lever 34 by making it descend, thereby disengaging the lug 35 from the stop catch of the breech, which can thus return in advance by introducing a cartridge into the barrel. Continuing its pivoting movement, the spout 31 escapes the lever 52 which returns to its rest position under the action of the spring 32d, leaving the stop lever free to also resume its rest position. When disarming the spout 31 returns backwards pLv.têr the rocker 32 in the opposite direction until it escapes as before, without effect this time on the breech stop lever 34 which therefore remains engaged and retains the breech open if it is the case.

 The transmission system shown in Figure 7 operates in a very different way from that just described.

In the disarmed state as shown in fig.8, the cocking lever 41 being spaced from the butt by its spring 44, the cocking bar 51 is pressed against it by the effect of the branch 54b of the spring 54 while that its other beveled end is in contact with the edge of the pivoting lever 52 which is held against it by the branch 54a of the spring 54. The toothed segment 52b of this lever is in the low position just like the toothed sector of the auxiliary part 29a which is connected with the yoke which is with the trigger and the dog in the same position as that described above in disarmed state.

 When the shooter squeezes his fingers on the stick, the cocking lever 41 presses on the end 51a of the bar 51 forcing it against the edge of the pivoting lever 5: r, forcing it in turn to pivot by driving by its toothed sector the rotation of the auxiliary part 29a therefore of the yoke, trigger and dog assembly as in the other toggle system. By its pivoting, the edge of the lever 5 is placed in parallel against the edge of the bar 51 which stops the rotation of the lever which cannot go back while the bar 51 continues to slide against it by locking the assembly in position army. The shooting can take place as previously described.

 To disarm the system, it suffices for the shooter to release his pressure on the cocking lever 41 so that the lever is moved away from the stock by its spring 44, which allows the spring 54 to bring the bar 51 back and as soon as the edge of the lever 52 is no longer blocked by the bar 51 the power of the percussion spring sharply brings the entire arming system back to the rest position.

 As in the previous system, the spout 52e of the lever 52 while pivoting attacks the end 36a of the rocker 34b of the breech stop lever 34 which is pivotally mounted on the same axis 7, pushing it down by driving the stop lever 34 by a spout 34c until the spout 52c escapes at the end 36a of the rocker 34b, allowing the latter to return to the rest position and leaving the stop lever 34 free to be actuated by the tank lift plate - geur. At disarmsPlent the spout 52c attacks the rocker 34b in reverse direction until escaping, without effect on the stop lever as in the toggle system.

 In the two transmission systems which have just been described, the bars, connecting rod, pivoting lever and auxiliary parts are pressed against the lateral face of the stock and held in place by the stock plate which if necessary carries the necessary housings and clearances. to the movements of these different parts.

 Without entering into the detail of the loader blocker systems illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, perfectly known and fitted to existing weapons, with the slight adaptation modifications already described above, in the description, the system according to the invention rendering weapons amb-dextregnla fig.l7 represents a new pusher system operating directly by pivoting.

 We see in this fig.11 in schematic section the part of the butt 3 located behind the trigger guard 4 with a magazine Ch gont-nant cartridges Caque is literally retained by a hook 61 forming part of the body 60, which is applied against the lever hub 59a which is supported in the counterbore 58, carried by a stock 3, by its base 59, by a spring 64 bearing on the head 62a of the through axis 62 and locked on the hub 59 by the ring 63. The bearing surface 65 between the two parts 59a and 60 being helicoSda- the rotation of the hub 59 sona the action of the lever 55, by pressing the index finger or thumb of the hand holding the weapon on one of the buttons 56a or 56b on one of the sides of the teardrop, causes 11 spacing of for example two parts, but the hub 59 being held in positionJ by the needle screw 66 in the groove 59b, it is the hook 61 which moves away and which releases the charger.

 Figure 10 gives a representation of a possible execution of the lever 55 with the two buttons 56a and b connected together by the bracket 57, all pivoting on the axis xx 'in the direction of the arrows.

 The device of the invention can be adapted as enhancement niodifications on existing weapons thus making them perfectly safe, reliable and ambidextrous, for a price much lower than that of a new weapon, just as it can s '' apply directly to new weapons, applying the device from the design stage.

 The invention is not limited to the examples described and shown since various modifications can be made thereto without departing from its scope.

Claims (10)

 CLAIMS.-  - On the one hand, in that the trigger (25), detached from the carcass (3), is connected with a pusher (41) with return spring (44), located on the front part of the stock under the trigger guard (4), pusher which can be actuated at the will of the shooter by the simple closing or opening of one or more fingers, other than the thumb and forefinger, of the hand, right or left, holding 11 weapon, the said trigger - te (25) serving as a training pawl to arm or disarm the percussion system, while retaining its primary function of retractable pawl on demand under the action of the trigger (5) to trigger the firing, the trigger nozzle (27) remaining in engagement with the armed notch (24) of the percussion system by the action of an engagement spring (28), over the entire extent of the displacement necessary to arm this system, the trigger head (25a) coming into the field of action of the chin (9a) of the trigger bar (9) only at the end of the arming stroke.  7 - Safety and ambidextrous maneuvering device for a conventional automatic pistol comprising a barrel (1) a movable breech (2), a carcass (3) with slides and stock containing a detachable cartridge magazine, a setting mechanism light comprising a trigger (5) acting by a trigger bar (9) on a trigger (25) for controlling a percussion system, characterized  - on the other hand, in that a lever (55) pivoting forwards, fixed on the front of the stick (3) in the trigger guard (4) behind the trigger (5), can be operated equally on each side of the weapon with the thumb or forefinger of the hand, left or right, holding the weapon, to release the magazine catch hook (61).  2 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement of the ch gette (25) is ensured by means of an arm (29) movable on which this trigger (25) is articulated, said arm being connected with push it (41) by means of a self-locking mechanical system extending laterally to the butt and in order to move along the longitudinal plane of the weapon in a housing located behind the magazine at the upper rear part of the butt. This system can preferably be either a toggle coupling formed by a bar (37) connected to the arm (29), and a link (39), connected to the pusher (41), articulated between them by an axis (37b) whose l the pin end (38) is subject to follow a kidney-shaped groove (46) whose concavity is turned towards the front of the weapon and whose upper end segment (47) is orthogonal with the direction of thrust of the barette ( 37) at the end of the armament, this groove can be made in the part high lateral side of the butt, behind the trigger guard (4) and the pusher-de-rbchet-ditarrtioif feeder housing, in the carcass if there is space or in a plate attached for this, either a bar (51) to rectilinear movement pushing a pivoting lever (52) which, after a certain rotation, disappears so that the edge of the lever (52) on which the pushing of the bar (51) takes place is placed in parallel against the edge of the bar (51), the assembly forming a locking preventing the backward movement of the pivoting lever (52), this lever (52) and the bar (51) being permanently subjected to the action of a spring (54 ) which tends to return them to the rest position.  3 - Device according to 1 claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in a direct percussion system, where the entire percussion system is housed in the cylinder head, the arm (29) may be a slide with rectilinear horizontal movement, or preferably a pivoting lever of low angular displacement articulated at its lower end on a horizontal transverse axis (16) fixed in the carcass, behind the magazine in the upper rear part of the stock, the trigger (25) being carried and articulated at the other end of the lever (29) by an axis (26) and preferably having the shape of a triangle with a vertical base, pushed from its top by the axis (26), upper rear ridge forming the trigger beak (27) and the rear lower corner forming the trigger head (25a).  4 - Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that dnns an indirect percussion device, where a sealingly part of the percussion system is housed in the cylinder heads the other being housed in the butt, the arm (29) which carries the trigger (25) engaged with the notch (24) of the dog (15) is a yoke which envelops the dog and pivots on the same axis (16) as the latter.  5 - Device according to one of claims 1,2,3 and 4 characterized in that the transmission system whatever. either its type is connected to the arm (29) whatever its type, through an oblong opening made in the carcass, this connection being preferably made by means of an auxiliary part (29a) external to the carcass and pivoting on the same axis (16) as the arm (29) being connected av6s this arm by a lug passing through the oblong opening, this lug being integral with the auxiliary part.  6 - Device according to claims 2 and 59 characterized in that the connection between the pivoting lever (52) and the auxiliary part (29a) can be made by an extension of this lever (52) attacking a lug protruding from the flat the auxiliary part t but preferably these two parts will be arranged in flat gears meshing with each other by toothed sectors.  7 - Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at each cocking movement a cam protruding on one of the pivoting parts of the transmission system actuates a rocker which lowers the breech stop lever (34) leaving it free to stop the breech if necessary when the magazine is emptied of cartridge.  8 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger tail (5) can not be actuated and remains blocked by a stop (45) placed at the end of the cocking lever (41) as long as it n '' is not fully pushed into the cocking position.  9 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever (55) for releasing the magazine retainer can actuate either a lateral hook retainer on which it acts by an oblique surface which depresses the pusher when the lever arm passes , or on a front hook retainer on which it acts by the control button.  10 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever (55) of release of magazine stopper pivots on one axis of the loader side hook pusher (61) acting on it by means of a hub (59) which pushes on the hook body (60) by a helical surface (65).