FR2507496A1 - Vertical cylindrical vessel for hydrolysis and filtration of malt etc. - with radial flow through screen with retractable section to discharge residue - Google Patents
Vertical cylindrical vessel for hydrolysis and filtration of malt etc. - with radial flow through screen with retractable section to discharge residue Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2507496A1 FR2507496A1 FR8111567A FR8111567A FR2507496A1 FR 2507496 A1 FR2507496 A1 FR 2507496A1 FR 8111567 A FR8111567 A FR 8111567A FR 8111567 A FR8111567 A FR 8111567A FR 2507496 A1 FR2507496 A1 FR 2507496A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- malt
- filtration
- container
- pipe
- hydrolysis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002351 pectolytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Natural products O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/44—Polycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/48—Tricarboxylic acids, e.g. citric acid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/31—Self-supporting filtering elements
- B01D29/33—Self-supporting filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/31—Self-supporting filtering elements
- B01D29/35—Self-supporting filtering elements arranged for outward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
- B01D29/54—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/70—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
- B01D29/885—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices with internal recirculation through the filtering element
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C7/00—Preparation of wort
- C12C7/04—Preparation or treatment of the mash
- C12C7/06—Mashing apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C7/00—Preparation of wort
- C12C7/14—Lautering, i.e. clarifying wort
- C12C7/16—Lautering, i.e. clarifying wort by straining
- C12C7/165—Lautering, i.e. clarifying wort by straining in mash filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/18—Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilized or carrier-bound enzymes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/02—Form or structure of the vessel
- C12M23/06—Tubular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/02—Percolation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/04—Filters; Permeable or porous membranes or plates, e.g. dialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/28—Position of the filtering element
- B01D2201/287—Filtering elements with a vertical or inclined rotation or symmetry axis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Distillation Of Fermentation Liquor, Processing Of Alcohols, Vinegar And Beer (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un appareil destiné notamment a l'hydrolyse et a la filtration du malt, en vue de la préparation d'une boisson telle que la bière, à la préparation d'enzymes et d'acides organiques tels que l'acide citrique ou analogue. The present invention relates to an apparatus intended in particular for the hydrolysis and filtration of malt, for the preparation of a drink such as beer, for the preparation of enzymes and organic acids such as citric acid or the like.
L'invention vise également différentes utilisations de cet appareil. The invention also relates to different uses of this device.
Dans le cas par exemple de la production de la bière, on effectue une hydrolyse du malt dans une solution aqueuse qui a pour effet d'extraire du malt, notamment le maltose. In the case, for example, of the production of beer, hydrolysis of the malt is carried out in an aqueous solution which has the effect of extracting malt, in particular maltose.
Après cette hydrolyse, on filtre le mélange. Les grains de malt hydrolysés recueillis, que l'on appelle drèches, sont utilisés pour réaliser un aliment pour le bétail. Le filtrat subit ensuite une fermentation en vue de la préparation de la bière.After this hydrolysis, the mixture is filtered. The hydrolyzed malt grains collected, which are called grains, are used to make a feed for livestock. The filtrate then undergoes fermentation for the preparation of beer.
Dans les installations connues, les étapes dthydroly- se du malt et de filtration sont effectuées dans des appareils distincts. In known installations, the malt hydrolysis and filtration stages are carried out in separate devices.
La filtration s'effectue par passage par gravité du mélange de malt et d'eau au travers d'une couche filtrante qui est ameublie par agitation periodique pour éviter le colmatage. Filtration is carried out by gravity passage of the malt and water mixture through a filtering layer which is loosened by periodic stirring to avoid clogging.
Cette agitation présente l'inconvénient de nécessiter l'utilisation de moteurs d'entrainement des agitateurs d'assez forte puissance, ce qui rend l'opération coûteuse en énergie. This stirring has the drawback of requiring the use of drive motors for stirrers of fairly high power, which makes the operation costly in energy.
Le but de la présente invention est de remédier à cet inconvénient en réalisant un appareil qui permette d'effectuer avec un excellent rendement l'hydrolyse
ou la filtration d'une dispersion aqueuse de malt, cet appareil étant dépourvu d'agitateur coûteux en énergie et pouvant être utilisé pour d'autres applications, telles que la préparation d'enzymes pectinolytiques et d'acides organiques tels que l'acide citrique ou l'acide acétique (vinaigre). The object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback by providing an apparatus which allows hydrolysis to be carried out with excellent efficiency.
or the filtration of an aqueous malt dispersion, this apparatus being devoid of energy-intensive agitator and being able to be used for other applications, such as the preparation of pectinolytic enzymes and organic acids such as citric acid or acetic acid (vinegar).
L'appareil visé par l'invention, destiné notamment à l'hydrolyse ou à la filtration du malt, à la préparation d'enzymes et d'acides organiques, comprend un récipient comportant des parois filtrantes et des moyens pour introduire dans ce récipient la matière à filtrer et/ou à traiter. The apparatus contemplated by the invention, intended in particular for the hydrolysis or filtration of malt, for the preparation of enzymes and organic acids, comprises a container comprising filtering walls and means for introducing into this container the material to be filtered and / or treated.
Suivant l'invention, cet appareil est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux parois perforées sensiblement verticales, espacées l'une de l'autre et délimitant entre elles un volume de filtration sensiblement annulaire, ce dernier entourant une chambre centrale, une conduite débouchant dam la partie supérieure de ce volume de filtration pour introduire dans cette dernière la matière à traiter et/ou à filtrer, en ce que la paroi perforée extérieure est entourée par une série de compartiments superposés, séparés les uns des autres et communiquant avec le volume de filtration par les perforations ménagées sur la paroi extérieure de filtration, ces compartiments comportant des conduites de sortie reliées à une conduite commune d'extraction du filtrat, cette conduite commune comportant une dérivation pour recycler le filtrat dans la chambre centrale. According to the invention, this device is characterized in that it comprises two substantially vertical perforated walls, spaced from one another and delimiting between them a substantially annular filtration volume, the latter surrounding a central chamber, a conduit opening dam the upper part of this filtration volume to introduce therein the material to be treated and / or filtered, in that the outer perforated wall is surrounded by a series of superimposed compartments, separated from each other and communicating with the volume of filtration by the perforations formed on the external filtration wall, these compartments comprising outlet pipes connected to a common pipe for extracting the filtrate, this common pipe comprising a bypass for recycling the filtrate in the central chamber.
Les deux parois perforées verticales permettent de réaliser un volume de filtration sensiblement annulaire au travers de laquelle circule radialement le mélange à traiter et/ou à filtrer. The two vertical perforated walls make it possible to produce a substantially annular filtration volume through which the mixture to be treated and / or to be filtered flows radially.
Cette circulation radiale (et non pas gravitationnel- le) permet d'ameublir en continu la couche filtrante comprise entre les deux parois perforées, ce qui évite le colmatage de la matière filtrante, et permet de réaliser une surface réactive optimale entre la matière filtrante set l'eau dans le cas, par exemple, d'une hydrolyse d'une t li- de par l'eau, et ces sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'utiliser des agitateurs coûteux en énergie. This radial (and not gravitational) circulation makes it possible to continuously loosen the filtering layer between the two perforated walls, which prevents clogging of the filtering material, and makes it possible to achieve an optimal reactive surface between the filtering material set. water in the case, for example, of a hydrolysis of a liquid with water, and these without the need to use energy-intensive stirrers.
Selon une version avantageuse de l'invention, la paroi perforée intérieure comporte une partie inférieure montée de façon coulissante dans la partie supérieure de cette paroi, des moyens étant prévus pour soulever cette partie inférieure, et le récipient comportant à sa partie inférieure des moyens pour vider le contenu du récipient. According to an advantageous version of the invention, the inner perforated wall has a lower part slidably mounted in the upper part of this wall, means being provided for lifting this lower part, and the container comprising at its lower part means for empty the contents of the container.
Cette disposition permet, en fin d'opération, de vider très rapidement et très efficacement le récipient. This arrangement allows, at the end of the operation, to empty the container very quickly and very efficiently.
Selon une version préférée de l'invention, les conduites de sortie des compartiments superposés sont reliées à la conduite commune d'extraction par des vannes. According to a preferred version of the invention, the outlet pipes of the superimposed compartments are connected to the common extraction pipe by valves.
En ouvrant ces vannes, il est possible de contrôler parfaitement la circulation radiale du liquide au travers de la couche filtrante comprise entre les deux parois verticales perforées. By opening these valves, it is possible to perfectly control the radial circulation of the liquid through the filtering layer between the two vertical perforated walls.
L'invention vise également différentes utilisations de l'appareil conforme à l'invention. L'utilisation principale de cet appareil est l'hydrolyse en continu du malt en suspension aqueuse dans l'eau, notamment en vue de la production de la bière ou autres boissons. The invention also relates to different uses of the apparatus according to the invention. The main use of this device is the continuous hydrolysis of malt in aqueous suspension in water, in particular for the production of beer or other drinks.
Selon cette utilisation, on introduit le malt en suspension dans l'eau dans le récipient par la conduite qui débouche dans la partie supérieure du volume de filtration compris entre les deux parois perforées; les grains de malt sont ainsi retenus dans le volume de filtration et le liquide remplit la chambre centrale; on ouvre ensuite les vannes qui relient les conduites de sortie des compartiments superposés à la conduite d'extraction commune, on met en route la pompe, on fait passer ainsi le liquide radialement au travers des grains de malt remplissant le volume de filtration, on recycle l'hydrolysat obtenu dans la chambre centrale et on poursuit cette opération jusqu'à obtention d'une hydrolyse complète. According to this use, the malt suspended in water is introduced into the container through the pipe which opens into the upper part of the filtration volume comprised between the two perforated walls; the malt grains are thus retained in the filtration volume and the liquid fills the central chamber; the valves which connect the outlet pipes of the superimposed compartments to the common extraction pipe are then opened, the pump is started, the liquid is thus passed radially through malt grains filling the filtration volume, and recycled the hydrolyzate obtained in the central chamber and this operation is continued until complete hydrolysis is obtained.
Pour filtrer l'hydrolysat obtenu, on introduit dans le volume de filtration compris entre les deux parois perforées des grains de malt hydrolysés et séchés (drèches) et on fait circuler radialement au travers de ces grains l'hydrolysat à filtrer. To filter the hydrolyzate obtained, hydrolyzed and dried malt grains are introduced into the filtration volume between the two perforated walls and the hydrolyzate to be filtered is circulated radially through these grains.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans la description ci-après. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description below.
Aux dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs:
la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un appareil conforme à l'invention;
la figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant le plan
II-II de la figure 1.In the appended drawings given by way of nonlimiting examples:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an apparatus according to the invention;
Figure 2 is a sectional view along the plane
II-II of Figure 1.
Dans la réalisation des figures annexées, l'appareil conforme à l'invention, destiné notamment à l'hydrolyse ou a la filtration du malt en suspension dans l'eau, comprend un récipient 1 destiné à être mis sous une pression de 1 à 2 bars, présentant une paroi latérale extérieure cylindrique 2, un couvercle bombé 3 et un fond tronconique 4 rétreint vers le bas. Ce récipient 1 comporte en son intérieur, deux parois verticales 5,6 cylindriques et coaxiales présentant des perforations 7,8, constituées de préférence par des fentes verticales de largeur inférieure à 1 mm. Ces deux parois perforées 5,6 définissent entre elles un volume annulaire de filtration 9. La paroi perforée intérieure 6 entoure une chambre centrale 10. Dans la parite supérieure du volume de filtration 9, débouchent deux conduites 11 pour introduire dans ce volume le mélange de malt et d'eau a hydrolyser ou a filtrer. In the embodiment of the appended figures, the apparatus according to the invention, intended in particular for the hydrolysis or filtration of malt suspended in water, comprises a container 1 intended to be put under a pressure of 1 to 2 bars, having a cylindrical outer side wall 2, a domed cover 3 and a frustoconical bottom 4 narrowed down. This container 1 has inside, two vertical walls 5,6 cylindrical and coaxial having perforations 7,8, preferably constituted by vertical slots of width less than 1 mm. These two perforated walls 5, 6 define between them an annular filtration volume 9. The interior perforated wall 6 surrounds a central chamber 10. In the upper parity of the filtration volume 9, open two pipes 11 to introduce into this volume the mixture of malt and water to be hydrolyzed or filtered.
La paroi perforée extérieure 5 est entourée par une série de compartiments annulaires 12 superposés, séparés les uns des autres et communiquant avec le volume de filtration 9 par les perforations 7 de la paroi extérieure. The outer perforated wall 5 is surrounded by a series of superimposed annular compartments 12, separated from each other and communicating with the filtration volume 9 through the perforations 7 of the outer wall.
Ces compartiments 12 comportent des conduites de sortie 13 reliées à une conduite commune d'extraction 14 du filtrat, au moyen de vannes 14a. These compartments 12 comprise outlet pipes 13 connected to a common pipe 14 for extracting the filtrate, by means of valves 14a.
Cette conduite d'extraction commune 14 comporte une dérivation 15 pour recycler l'hydrolysat ou le filtrat dans la chambre centrale 10 par la tubulure 16. This common extraction pipe 14 includes a bypass 15 to recycle the hydrolyzate or the filtrate in the central chamber 10 through the pipe 16.
La paroi perforée intérieure 6 comporte une partie inférieure 6a montée de façon coulissante dans la partie supérieure de la paroi 6. Cette partie inférieure 6a est fermée en haut par un couvercle 17 également perforé, auquel est attaché un câble 18 qui permet de soulever cette partie inférieure 6a. The inner perforated wall 6 has a lower part 6a slidably mounted in the upper part of the wall 6. This lower part 6a is closed at the top by a cover 17 also perforated, to which is attached a cable 18 which makes it possible to lift this part lower 6a.
Le fond tronconique 4 du récipient I comporte un tuyau de vidange 19 de forte section qui débouche au centre de ce fond 4. The frustoconical bottom 4 of the container I comprises a drain pipe 19 of large section which opens out at the center of this bottom 4.
Par ailleurs, la dérivation 15 pour recycler le filtrat dans la chambre centrale 10 comprend une pompe 20, des conduites 24 et 26 et éventuellement un échangeur 23. Furthermore, the bypass 15 for recycling the filtrate in the central chamber 10 comprises a pump 20, pipes 24 and 26 and possibly an exchanger 23.
On voit d'autre part sur la figure 1, que la tubulure 16 qui relie la chambre centrale 10 a la dérivation 15 est flexible, pour que la partie inférieure 6a de la paroi perforée intérieure 6 puisse coulisser vers le haut. We see on the other hand in Figure 1, that the tube 16 which connects the central chamber 10 to the bypass 15 is flexible, so that the lower part 6a of the inner perforated wall 6 can slide upwards.
Dans le cas de l'hydrolyse du malt en suspension dans l'eau, on utilise l'appareil précité comme suit:
On introduit le malt en suspension dans de l'eau dans le récipient 1, par les conduites 11 qui débouchent dans la partie supérieure du volume de filtration 9 compris entre les deux parois perforées 5,6,6a. Les grains de malt sont retenus dans le volume de filtration 9 et un liquide aqueux trouble, rempit la chambre oentzie 10 (vor flech F). On m le reciact' 1 sous pren. In the case of the hydrolysis of malt suspended in water, the above-mentioned apparatus is used as follows:
The malt suspended in water is introduced into the container 1, via the pipes 11 which open into the upper part of the filtration volume 9 comprised between the two perforated walls 5,6,6a. The malt grains are retained in the filtration volume 9 and a cloudy aqueous liquid fills the oentzie chamber 10 (vor flech F). We reciact it '1 sous pren.
On ouvre ensuite les vannes 14a qui relient les conduites de sortie 13 des compartiments superposés 12 à la conduite d'extraction commune 14, et on met la pompe 20 en route. The valves 14a which connect the outlet pipes 13 of the superimposed compartments 12 to the common extraction pipe 14 are then opened, and the pump 20 is started.
On fait passer ainsi le liquide trouble radialement au travers des grains de malt qui remplissent le volume de filtration 9 (voir flèches F1). The cloudy liquid is thus passed radially through malt grains which fill the filtration volume 9 (see arrows F1).
Cette circulation radiale régulièrement répartie sur toute la hauteur de la couche filtrante constituée par les grains de malt, permet d'obtenir un excellent échange réactionnel entre le malt et l'eau, particulièrement favorable à l'hydrolyse. This radial circulation regularly distributed over the entire height of the filter layer formed by the malt grains, makes it possible to obtain an excellent reaction exchange between the malt and the water, particularly favorable for hydrolysis.
Lors de cette hydrolyse, on extrait du malt par diffusion aqueuse, le maltose et autres substances protéiniques et/ou enzymàtiques contenues dans le malt. During this hydrolysis, maltose and aqueous protein and / or enzymatic substances contained in malt are extracted from malt by aqueous diffusion.
L'hydrolysat circule ensuite dans la conduite d'extraction commune 14, est recyclé en continu dans la chambre centrale 10 par la tubulure flexible 16, puis est à nouveau passé au travers des grains de malt contenus dans le volume filtrant 9, en complétant la réaction d'hydrolyse. The hydrolyzate then circulates in the common extraction pipe 14, is continuously recycled in the central chamber 10 by the flexible tube 16, then is again passed through the malt grains contained in the filtering volume 9, completing the hydrolysis reaction.
Lors du recyclage de l'hydrolysat, ce dernier traverse éventuellement un échangeur thermique 23 qui permet de maintenir le liquide à la température d'hydrolyse optimale. During the recycling of the hydrolyzate, the latter optionally passes through a heat exchanger 23 which makes it possible to maintain the liquid at the optimum hydrolysis temperature.
L'hydrolyse est poursuivieen continu, suivant le circuit de circulation décrit ci-dessus, jusqu'! l'obtention d'une hydrolyse complète du malt. The hydrolysis is continued continuously, according to the circulation circuit described above, until! obtaining complete hydrolysis of the malt.
L'appareil conforme à l'invention peut également être utilisé pour filtrer l'hydrolysat de malt obtenu notamment à la suite de l'opération précitée. A cet effet, on introduit dans le volume de filtration 9 compris entre les deux parois perforées 5,6 des grains de malt hydrolysés, séchés et broyés (constituant des drèches). On fait circuler ainsi radialement au travers de ces grains l'hydrolysat à filtrer. The apparatus according to the invention can also be used to filter the malt hydrolyzate obtained in particular following the above operation. To this end, hydrolysed malt grains, dried and ground (constituting grains) are introduced into the filtration volume 9 comprised between the two perforated walls 5.6. The hydrolyzate to be filtered is thus circulated radially through these grains.
Cette circulation radiale permet de filtrer l'hydrolysat sans risque de colmatage de la couche de filtration constituée par les grains de malt, étant donné que ces derniers sont constamment écartés les uns des autres par le passage radial du liquide. This radial circulation makes it possible to filter the hydrolyzate without risk of clogging of the filtration layer formed by the malt grains, since the latter are constantly separated from one another by the radial passage of the liquid.
En fin d'opération, on récupère le filtrat par la conduite de prélèvement 27. Le filtrat obtenu est parfaitement limpide. Ce filtrat peut être utilisé pour obtenir une boisson nutritive sans alcool, après addition par exemple d'acide nitrique et injection de CO2 (gaz carbonique). At the end of the operation, the filtrate is recovered by the sampling line 27. The filtrate obtained is perfectly clear. This filtrate can be used to obtain a nutritious drink without alcohol, after addition for example of nitric acid and injection of CO2 (carbon dioxide).
Ce filtrat peut également être fermenté pour obtenir de la bière. This filtrate can also be fermented to obtain beer.
Après prélèvement du filtrat, on soulève la partie inférieure coulissante 6a de la paroi perforée intérieure. After removal of the filtrate, the sliding lower part 6a of the inner perforated wall is lifted.
Les grains de malt transformés en drèches s'accumulent sur le fond 4 du récipient 1. Ces drèches sont chassées hors du récipient 1 par le tuyau de vidange 19, en envoyant de l'air comprimé par les conduites 14 qui débouchentdans le volume de filtration 9 par les conduites 13.The malt grains transformed into grains go to the bottom 4 of the container 1. These grains are driven out of the container 1 by the drain pipe 19, by sending compressed air through the pipes 14 which open into the filtration volume. 9 through lines 13.
L'ensemble de l'opération d'hydrolyse et de filtration dure à peine une heure à une heure et demie. The entire hydrolysis and filtration process takes barely an hour to an hour and a half.
L'appareil conforme à l'invention comporte de nombreuses autres utilisations. The apparatus according to the invention has many other uses.
Cet appareil peut être utilisé également pour la fabrication d 'enzymes pectinolytiques. This device can also be used for the production of pectinolytic enzymes.
Dans cette utilisation, on introduit dans le volume de filtration 9 compris entre les deux parois perforées 5,6, une base friable constituée par exemple par des cosses de grains de céréales, ou toute autre matière granulaire appropriée pour le développement des enzymes pectinolytiques. In this use, a friable base consisting for example of cereal husks, or any other granular material suitable for the development of pectinolytic enzymes is introduced into the filtration volume 9 comprised between the two perforated walls 5,6.
On introduit ensuite par la conduite 16 de l'air sous une pression d'environ 0,3 MPa. On introduit également des spores destinées à inoculer la base friable. Air is then introduced via line 16 at a pressure of approximately 0.3 MPa. Spores intended to inoculate the friable base are also introduced.
Cet air circule radialement au travers des particules de la base friable. I1 est avantageux d'envoyer l'air alternativement de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur, et de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur du volume de filtration 9. This air circulates radially through particles of the friable base. It is advantageous to send the air alternately from the outside to the inside, and from the inside to the outside of the filtration volume 9.
Cette circulation radiale permet d'éviter toute agglomération des particules de base friable et d'obtenir une excellente surface d'échange de l'air par rapport aux particules de la base friable, de sorte qu'on peut ainsi obtenir d'excellents rendements de production d'enzymes pectinolytiques. This radial circulation makes it possible to avoid any agglomeration of the friable base particles and to obtain an excellent air exchange surface with respect to the particles of the friable base, so that excellent yields can be obtained. production of pectinolytic enzymes.
La stérilisation de l'appareil peut être réalisée simplement en envoyant de la vapeur d'eau dans les conduitesll. Sterilization of the device can be achieved simply by sending water vapor through the pipes.
En fin d'opération, lorsque la concentration d'enzymes pectinolytiques désirée a été obtenue, on soulève la partie inférieure 6a de la paroi perforée intérieure 6, et on envoie de l'air sous pression dans les conduites 14 et 13 pour chasser la base friable a l'extérieur par la conduite de vidange 19. At the end of the operation, when the desired concentration of pectinolytic enzymes has been obtained, the lower part 6a of the internal perforated wall 6 is raised, and air under pressure is sent through the lines 14 and 13 to expel the base friable outside by the drain pipe 19.
L'appareil conforme à l'invention peut également être utilisé pour produire en continu des acides organiques tels que l'acide citrique ou l'acide acétique (vinaigre) par fermentation aérobie d'une solution nutritive inoculée par un microorganisme approprié. Dans cette utilisation, on remplit le volume de filtration 9 par des anneaux de Rashig, en céramique, en verre, en métal ou analogue, on introduit dans les conduites 11 la solution nutritive, et on fait circuler en continu, et radialement au travers de cette solution et des anneaux de Rashig, de l'air. sous pression. The apparatus according to the invention can also be used to continuously produce organic acids such as citric acid or acetic acid (vinegar) by aerobic fermentation of a nutritive solution inoculated by an appropriate microorganism. In this use, the filtration volume 9 is filled with Rashig rings, made of ceramic, glass, metal or the like, the nutrient solution is introduced into the pipes 11, and it is circulated continuously, and radially through this solution and Rashig rings, air. under pressure.
Dans le cas de la production d'acide citrique, la solution nutritive utilisée est une solution sucrée inoculée par de l'Aspergillus Niger. In the case of citric acid production, the nutrient solution used is a sugar solution inoculated with Aspergillus Niger.
Dans le cas de la production d'acide acétique, on utilise une solution d'alcool et un microorganisme approprié pour favoriser l'oxydation de l'alcool en acide acétique. In the case of the production of acetic acid, an alcohol solution and an appropriate microorganism are used to promote the oxidation of the alcohol to acetic acid.
Grâce à l'appareil conforme à l'invention, on obtient d'excellents rendements en acides organiques, du fait de la circulation radiale de l'air au travers de la solution nutritive et des anneaux de Rashig, qui permet de réaliser une diffusion homogène d'oxygène au sein de la solution dans des conditions très favorables pour la vitesse et le rendement de la fermentation. Thanks to the apparatus according to the invention, excellent yields of organic acids are obtained, due to the radial circulation of air through the nutrient solution and the Rashig rings, which makes it possible to achieve a homogeneous diffusion. oxygen in the solution under conditions very favorable for the speed and yield of fermentation.
Pour éviter toute contamination bactérienne la solution est recyclée au travers d'un pasteuriseur 22 par les conduites 24 et 25. To avoid any bacterial contamination, the solution is recycled through a pasteurizer 22 through lines 24 and 25.
La vidange du récipient est réalisée comme précédemment, par soulèvement de la partie inférieure 6a de la paroi perforée 6 et injection d'air comprimé dans le récipient. The container is emptied as above, by lifting the lower part 6a of the perforated wall 6 and injecting compressed air into the container.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation et d'utilisation que l'on vient de décrire, et on peut apporter à ceux-ci de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Of course, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and uses that have just been described, and many modifications can be made to them without departing from the scope of the invention.
Ainsi, l'appareil conforme à l'invention peut être utilisé dans toute application dans laquelle on réalise une réaction entre un liquide et un gaz dans un milieu de filtration ou de diffusion constitué par des particules solides. Thus, the device according to the invention can be used in any application in which a reaction is carried out between a liquid and a gas in a filtration or diffusion medium consisting of solid particles.
Dans certains cas, il est nécessaire de placer un extracteur 21 dans le circuit de recyclage, par exemple lorsqu'il s'agit d'extraire le houblon de l'hydrolysat de malt. In some cases, it is necessary to place an extractor 21 in the recycling circuit, for example when it is a question of extracting hops from the malt hydrolyzate.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8111567A FR2507496A1 (en) | 1981-06-12 | 1981-06-12 | Vertical cylindrical vessel for hydrolysis and filtration of malt etc. - with radial flow through screen with retractable section to discharge residue |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8111567A FR2507496A1 (en) | 1981-06-12 | 1981-06-12 | Vertical cylindrical vessel for hydrolysis and filtration of malt etc. - with radial flow through screen with retractable section to discharge residue |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2507496A1 true FR2507496A1 (en) | 1982-12-17 |
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ID=9259431
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8111567A Withdrawn FR2507496A1 (en) | 1981-06-12 | 1981-06-12 | Vertical cylindrical vessel for hydrolysis and filtration of malt etc. - with radial flow through screen with retractable section to discharge residue |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2507496A1 (en) |
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EP0486335A1 (en) * | 1990-10-11 | 1992-05-20 | NORDON & CIE | Mask filter |
WO1993022420A1 (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1993-11-11 | L.V.M.H. Recherche | Variable volume reactor-type device and process for the culture of cellular material |
FR2700553A1 (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1994-07-22 | Bertin & Cie | Automatic dosing and reaction apparatus, in particular for DNA extraction. |
WO2003097210A1 (en) * | 2002-05-15 | 2003-11-27 | Sean Duby | Filter apparatus and method |
CN111888821A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-06 | 苏州耀水源环境科技有限公司 | Sewage filtering mechanism with automatically replaceable filter screen |
CN114377448A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-22 | 连云港高品再生资源有限公司 | Rare earth oxide circulation flow recovery unit |
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US5707868A (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1998-01-13 | I.V.M.H. Recherche | Variable-volume reactor-type device and process for culturing cellular material |
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CN114377448A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-22 | 连云港高品再生资源有限公司 | Rare earth oxide circulation flow recovery unit |
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