FR2506080A1 - Current collecting electrode support for electrochemical generators - esp. fuel cells, where metal foam is electrically and mechanically bonded to porous sintered metal layer - Google Patents
Current collecting electrode support for electrochemical generators - esp. fuel cells, where metal foam is electrically and mechanically bonded to porous sintered metal layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2506080A1 FR2506080A1 FR8109676A FR8109676A FR2506080A1 FR 2506080 A1 FR2506080 A1 FR 2506080A1 FR 8109676 A FR8109676 A FR 8109676A FR 8109676 A FR8109676 A FR 8109676A FR 2506080 A1 FR2506080 A1 FR 2506080A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- metal
- fibers
- metallic
- wires
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
- H01M4/8621—Porous electrodes containing only metallic or ceramic material, e.g. made by sintering or sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
- H01M4/8882—Heat treatment, e.g. drying, baking
- H01M4/8885—Sintering or firing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un support-collecteur de courant pour constituer des électrodes de générateurs électrochimiques tels que, par exemple, mais non limitativement, des électrodes de pile à combustible. The present invention relates to a current collector support for constituting electrodes of electrochemical generators such as, for example, but not limited to, fuel cell electrodes.
Les électrodes des générateurs électrochimiques comportent généralement un support collecteur de courant sur lequel sont déposés les produits nécessaires aux réactions électrochimiques qui se développent dans les générateurs. The electrodes of electrochemical generators generally comprise a current collector support on which are deposited the products necessary for the electrochemical reactions which develop in the generators.
Les différents types de support actuellement utilisés posent des problèmes concernant leur rigidité, la conductibilité transversale des électrodes obtenues et l'accrochage des produits chimiques, ainsi que le maintien dans le temps du contact électrique entre ces produits chimiques et le support collecteur. The various types of support currently used pose problems concerning their rigidity, the transverse conductivity of the electrodes obtained and the attachment of the chemicals, as well as the maintenance over time of the electrical contact between these chemicals and the collector support.
La présente invention propose un support collecteur de courant pour électrode de générateur électrochimique ne présentant pas les inconvénients indiqués ci-dessus et qui comporte essentiellement une couche de fibres ou fils métalliques en contact électrique et mécanique avec une couche d'un fritté métallique. The present invention provides a current collector support for an electrochemical generator electrode which does not have the drawbacks indicated above and which essentially comprises a layer of metallic fibers or wires in electrical and mechanical contact with a layer of a metallic frit.
De préférence, la couche de fils ou fibres métalliques est constituée d'une mousse métallique. Preferably, the layer of metal wires or fibers consists of a metallic foam.
Les deux couches peuvent être constituées de nickel ou d'un métal nickelé. The two layers can be made of nickel or a nickel-plated metal.
La couche de fibres ou fils métalliques est destinée à contenir des produits facilitant les réactions électrochimiques dans les générateurs électrochimiques. The layer of fibers or metallic wires is intended to contain products which facilitate electrochemical reactions in electrochemical generators.
L'invention pourra être bien comprise et tous ses avantages apparaltront clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit illustrée par les figures annexées parmi lesquelles - la figure 1 montre schématiquement et en coupe un support-collecteur
de courant selon l'invention, - les figures 2 à 5 représentent différentes méthodes de fabrication du
support-collecteur selon l'invention, et - les figures 6 à 8 illustrent, à titre d'exemple, la fabrication d'une
électrode de pile à combustible à partir d'un support-collecteur selon
l'invention.The invention will be able to be well understood and all of its advantages will appear clearly on reading the description which follows, illustrated by the appended figures in which - FIG. 1 shows schematically and in section a collector support
of current according to the invention, - Figures 2 to 5 show different methods of manufacturing the
collector support according to the invention, and - Figures 6 to 8 illustrate, by way of example, the manufacture of a
fuel cell electrode from a collector support according to
the invention.
La figure 1 représente schématiquement un support-collecteur de courant selon l'invention, qui comporte essentiellement deux couches 1 et 2 en contact électrique et mécanique. FIG. 1 schematically represents a current collector support according to the invention, which essentially comprises two layers 1 and 2 in electrical and mechanical contact.
La couche 1, qui est destinée à contenir les produits chimiques nécessaires à la réaction électrochimique, est constituée d'un agglomérat de fils ou fibres métalliques en contact avec les produits chimiques. Cette couche recueille le courant résultant des réactions électrochimiques. Layer 1, which is intended to contain the chemicals necessary for the electrochemical reaction, consists of an agglomerate of metallic wires or fibers in contact with the chemicals. This layer collects the current resulting from the electrochemical reactions.
Selon un mode préféré de réalisation, cette couche est constituée par une mousse métallique telle que celle fabriquée par la Société
SORAPEC ou celle commercialisée par la Société BEKAERT.According to a preferred embodiment, this layer consists of a metallic foam such as that manufactured by the Company
SORAPEC or that marketed by the BEKAERT Company.
La couche 2 est destinée à assurer la rigidité et une bonne conductivité transversale de l'électrode. Par conductivité transversale, on entend la conductivité dans une direction perpendicualire à l'épaisseur. La couche 2 est donc constituée par une couche métallique conductrice poreuse sensiblement continue et dont l'épaisseur a été déterminée pour obtenir la rigidité et la conductivité transversale désirées. Layer 2 is intended to ensure rigidity and good transverse conductivity of the electrode. By transverse conductivity is meant the conductivity in a direction perpendicular to the thickness. Layer 2 is therefore constituted by a substantially continuous porous metallic conductive layer whose thickness has been determined to obtain the desired stiffness and transverse conductivity.
A titre d'exemple, la couche 1 peut être constituée en nickel, en cuivre nickelé, en fer nickelé tandis que la couche 2 est, par exemple, en nickel. By way of example, layer 1 can be made of nickel, nickel-plated copper, nickel-plated iron while layer 2 is, for example, made of nickel.
La fabrication d'un tel support-collecteur de courant peut être réalisée selon différentes méthodes dont les principales sont indiquées ci-dessous. The manufacture of such a current collector support can be carried out according to different methods, the main ones of which are indicated below.
Selon une première méthode, une poudre métallique, par exemple une poudre de nickel, est déposée dans un moule 3 (fig. 2) pour former un lit d'épaisseur déterminée par exemple sensiblement constante h. La couche 1, constituée d'une mousse de nickel, est déposée sur le lit de poudre avec une interpénétration plus ou moins grande e de la poudre métallique dans les espaces entre les fils constituant la mousse métallique. According to a first method, a metal powder, for example a nickel powder, is deposited in a mold 3 (fig. 2) to form a bed of thickness determined for example substantially constant h. Layer 1, consisting of a nickel foam, is deposited on the powder bed with a more or less large interpenetration of the metal powder in the spaces between the wires constituting the metal foam.
Par élévation de température, on réalise le frittage de la poudre métallique. Cette élévation de température peut être réalisée de façon connue en soi dans un four, par induction, etc... By raising the temperature, the metal powder is sintered. This temperature rise can be carried out in a manner known per se in an oven, by induction, etc.
Selon une autre méthode schématisée sur la figure 3, on réalise une pâte composée de poudre métallique et d'un liant tel que le carboxyméthylcellulose en solution aqueuse et on procède à l'aide d'une raclette 4 à l'enduction de l'une des surfaces de la couche de fibres 1 en faisant pénétrer plus ou moins la pâte dans la structure fibreuse de la couche 1, puis par chauffage on réalise le frittage de la poudre métallique. According to another method shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3, a paste composed of metallic powder and a binder such as carboxymethylcellulose is produced in aqueous solution and the coating of one is carried out using a squeegee 4 surfaces of the fiber layer 1 by making the dough penetrate more or less into the fibrous structure of the layer 1, then by heating, the metal powder is sintered.
Selon une variante, la pâte à base de poudre métallique peut être déposée sur l'une des surfaces de la couche 1 par un procédé de sérigraphie schématisé sur la figure 4 permettant le dépôt d'une quantité déterminée de pâte à travers une toile dont les mailles sont calibrées. According to a variant, the paste based on metal powder can be deposited on one of the surfaces of layer 1 by a screen printing process shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4 allowing the deposit of a determined quantity of paste through a canvas, the meshes are calibrated.
Une raclette 10 animée d'un mouvement selon une direction horizontale et faisant pression verticalement de haut en bas sur une toile 9 tenue horizontalement dans un cadre 8 amène cette toile au contact de la couche 1 et provoque la pénétration de la pâte 11, composée d'une poudre métallique et d'un liant tel que le carboxyméthylcellulose en solution aqueuse, dans les mailles de la toile 9. Après passage de la raclette 10, la toile 9 revient à son niveau antérieur et la pâte 11 est transférée de l'intérieur des mailles de la toile 9 à la surface de la couche 1. Ce transfert s'explique par le choix du matériau constituant la toile 9 tel que sa mouillabilité par la pâte 11 soit plus faible que celle de la couche 1. A squeegee 10 driven in a movement in a horizontal direction and pressing vertically from top to bottom on a canvas 9 held horizontally in a frame 8 brings this canvas into contact with the layer 1 and causes the penetration of the dough 11, composed of '' a metallic powder and a binder such as carboxymethylcellulose in aqueous solution, in the meshes of the cloth 9. After passage of the squeegee 10, the cloth 9 returns to its previous level and the paste 11 is transferred from the inside of the meshes of the fabric 9 on the surface of the layer 1. This transfer is explained by the choice of the material constituting the fabric 9 such that its wettability by the paste 11 is lower than that of the layer 1.
Selon une autre méthode de fabrication schématisée sur la figure 5, on pulvérise sur l'une des surfaces de la couche fibreuse 1 une solution de poudre de nickel à l'aide d'un pulvérisateur 5 qui peut être de tout type connu. La solution ainsi pulvérisée est composée de poudre de nickel, de carboxyméthylcellulose et d'eau. On réalise ensuite par chauffage le frittage de la couche de nickel et la décomposition thermique de la carboxyméthylcellulose. According to another manufacturing method shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5, a solution of nickel powder is sprayed onto one of the surfaces of the fibrous layer 1 using a sprayer 5 which can be of any known type. The solution thus sprayed is composed of nickel powder, carboxymethylcellulose and water. The sintering of the nickel layer and the thermal decomposition of the carboxymethylcellulose are then carried out by heating.
Les figures 6, 7 et 8 représentent à titre d'exemple non limitatif l'utilisation du support selon l'invention pour réaliser une électrode de pile à combustible utilisant des produits réactifs gazeux et un électrolyte liquide. Figures 6, 7 and 8 show by way of nonlimiting example the use of the support according to the invention for producing a fuel cell electrode using gaseous reactive products and a liquid electrolyte.
On introduit dans la couche fibreuse 1 la quantité de catalyseur 6 nécessaire (fig. 6) puis on comprime cette couche fibreuse pour obtenir l'épaisseur E désirée pour l'électrode (fig. 7). Cette opération favorise le contact entre le catalyseur et les fils de la couche 1. Finalement, on recouvre la couche 1 d'une couche hydrofuge 7 (figure 8), par exemple en téflon pouvant être déposée par tout procédé connu. The necessary quantity of catalyst 6 is introduced into the fibrous layer 1 (FIG. 6) and then this fibrous layer is compressed to obtain the thickness E desired for the electrode (FIG. 7). This operation promotes contact between the catalyst and the wires of layer 1. Finally, layer 1 is covered with a water-repellent layer 7 (FIG. 8), for example in Teflon which can be deposited by any known method.
Les électrodes ainsi réalisées présentent l'avantage, malgré un faible poids, d'une bonne rigidité mécanique, d'une excellente conductibilité transversale et d'une meilleure tenue dans le temps du contact entre le catalyseur et les fibres de la couche 1 The electrodes thus produced have the advantage, despite their low weight, good mechanical rigidity, excellent transverse conductivity and better resistance over time to the contact between the catalyst and the fibers of layer 1
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8109676A FR2506080B1 (en) | 1981-05-13 | 1981-05-13 | CURRENT COLLECTOR SUPPORT FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL GENERATOR ELECTRODE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8109676A FR2506080B1 (en) | 1981-05-13 | 1981-05-13 | CURRENT COLLECTOR SUPPORT FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL GENERATOR ELECTRODE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2506080A1 true FR2506080A1 (en) | 1982-11-19 |
FR2506080B1 FR2506080B1 (en) | 1985-07-19 |
Family
ID=9258480
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8109676A Expired FR2506080B1 (en) | 1981-05-13 | 1981-05-13 | CURRENT COLLECTOR SUPPORT FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL GENERATOR ELECTRODE |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2506080B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0147309A2 (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-07-03 | AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle | Thermal cells with an anode of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal of the calcium type and thermal batteries composed of said cells |
WO2000069003A2 (en) * | 1999-05-08 | 2000-11-16 | Lynntech, Inc. | A unitized barrier and flow control device for electrochemical reactors |
WO2002041435A2 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2002-05-23 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Cell assembly for an electrochemical energy converter and method for producing such a cell assembly |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2640865A (en) * | 1948-07-27 | 1953-06-02 | Joseph B Brennan | Storage battery |
US3055963A (en) * | 1957-11-27 | 1962-09-25 | Krebs Willi | Porous electrodes |
FR1343450A (en) * | 1962-01-19 | 1963-11-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | gas diffusion electrode capable of withstanding pressure |
US3318730A (en) * | 1963-03-04 | 1967-05-09 | Texas Instruments Inc | Method of dispersing a catalyst in fuel cell electrodes |
FR1491712A (en) * | 1966-03-17 | 1967-08-11 | Rheinisch Westfalisches Elek Z | Nickel electrode body for alkaline batteries |
FR1503913A (en) * | 1965-10-24 | 1967-12-01 | Texas Instruments Inc | Electrode material and its preparation process |
FR1550323A (en) * | 1967-11-07 | 1968-12-20 | ||
DE2005034A1 (en) * | 1969-01-30 | 1970-08-13 | ||
DE2017702A1 (en) * | 1969-04-16 | 1970-12-03 | Dunlop Australia Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria (Australien) | electrode |
FR2232838A1 (en) * | 1973-06-07 | 1975-01-03 | Battelle Memorial Institute | |
FR2259446A1 (en) * | 1974-01-30 | 1975-08-22 | Siemens Ag | |
JPS5598475A (en) * | 1979-01-20 | 1980-07-26 | Yuasa Battery Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of sintered substrate for alkaline cell electrode |
JPS55165501A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1980-12-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing gas diffusion electrode |
-
1981
- 1981-05-13 FR FR8109676A patent/FR2506080B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (15)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US2640865A (en) * | 1948-07-27 | 1953-06-02 | Joseph B Brennan | Storage battery |
US3055963A (en) * | 1957-11-27 | 1962-09-25 | Krebs Willi | Porous electrodes |
FR1343450A (en) * | 1962-01-19 | 1963-11-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | gas diffusion electrode capable of withstanding pressure |
US3318730A (en) * | 1963-03-04 | 1967-05-09 | Texas Instruments Inc | Method of dispersing a catalyst in fuel cell electrodes |
FR1503913A (en) * | 1965-10-24 | 1967-12-01 | Texas Instruments Inc | Electrode material and its preparation process |
FR1491712A (en) * | 1966-03-17 | 1967-08-11 | Rheinisch Westfalisches Elek Z | Nickel electrode body for alkaline batteries |
FR1550323A (en) * | 1967-11-07 | 1968-12-20 | ||
DE2005034A1 (en) * | 1969-01-30 | 1970-08-13 | ||
FR2030209A1 (en) * | 1969-01-30 | 1970-10-30 | Brunswick Corp | |
DE2017702A1 (en) * | 1969-04-16 | 1970-12-03 | Dunlop Australia Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria (Australien) | electrode |
FR2043417A5 (en) * | 1969-04-16 | 1971-02-12 | Dunlop Australia Ltd | Cellular metal electrode for electrochemical - equipment |
FR2232838A1 (en) * | 1973-06-07 | 1975-01-03 | Battelle Memorial Institute | |
FR2259446A1 (en) * | 1974-01-30 | 1975-08-22 | Siemens Ag | |
JPS5598475A (en) * | 1979-01-20 | 1980-07-26 | Yuasa Battery Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of sintered substrate for alkaline cell electrode |
JPS55165501A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1980-12-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing gas diffusion electrode |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
ABJP/80 * |
CA1981 * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0147309A2 (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-07-03 | AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle | Thermal cells with an anode of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal of the calcium type and thermal batteries composed of said cells |
EP0147309A3 (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-08-14 | AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle | Thermal cells with an anode of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal of the calcium type and thermal batteries composed of said cells |
WO2000069003A2 (en) * | 1999-05-08 | 2000-11-16 | Lynntech, Inc. | A unitized barrier and flow control device for electrochemical reactors |
WO2000069003A3 (en) * | 1999-05-08 | 2001-08-02 | Lynntech Inc | A unitized barrier and flow control device for electrochemical reactors |
US6991869B2 (en) | 1999-05-08 | 2006-01-31 | Lynntech Power Systems, Ltd. | Unitized barrier and flow control device for electrochemical reactors |
WO2002041435A2 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2002-05-23 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Cell assembly for an electrochemical energy converter and method for producing such a cell assembly |
DE10056535A1 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2002-06-06 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Fuel cell arrangement and method for producing such |
DE10056535C2 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2003-06-12 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | A fuel cell assembly |
WO2002041435A3 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2004-01-08 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Cell assembly for an electrochemical energy converter and method for producing such a cell assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2506080B1 (en) | 1985-07-19 |
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