FR2500007A1 - Digester to produce methane by fermenting organic waste - has top cover of flexible material which distends to store gas - Google Patents

Digester to produce methane by fermenting organic waste - has top cover of flexible material which distends to store gas Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2500007A1
FR2500007A1 FR8103320A FR8103320A FR2500007A1 FR 2500007 A1 FR2500007 A1 FR 2500007A1 FR 8103320 A FR8103320 A FR 8103320A FR 8103320 A FR8103320 A FR 8103320A FR 2500007 A1 FR2500007 A1 FR 2500007A1
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France
Prior art keywords
vessel
cover
tank
waste
digester
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Pending
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FR8103320A
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French (fr)
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR8103320A priority Critical patent/FR2500007A1/en
Priority to MA19534A priority patent/MA19330A1/en
Publication of FR2500007A1 publication Critical patent/FR2500007A1/en
Priority to FR8220315A priority patent/FR2537158A2/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/02—Form or structure of the vessel
    • C12M23/18—Open ponds; Greenhouse type or underground installations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/36—Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/38—Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
    • C12M33/14—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus with filters, sieves or membranes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The digester is of the type comprising an open-topped vessel which is charged with waste and then closed with an air-tight cover. The cover is made of very flexible material and is fixed around its edge to the top edge of the vessel. Pref. the underside of the cover has a coaxial, downwardly extending ring. The outside dia. of the ring is slightly less than the internal dia. of the vessel so that the lower edge of the ring dips into liq. in the vessel to form a seal. Pref. hooks around the outside of the vessel are used for fastening down the cover. Pref. waste is loaded into containers of openwork mesh before being placed in the vessel. Each container is pref. made of a flat sheet of netting. The waste is placed on the flat sheet which is then wrapped around the waste and fastened to form a container. The cover expands upwards to contain methane as it is generated. In this way the unit serves also as a gasometer with visible indication of gas available.

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour la production de méthane à partir de déchets cellulosiques. The invention relates to a device for producing methane from cellulosic waste.

Le dispositif de l'invention se compose d'une enceinte fermée étanche à l'intérieur de lEqlelle sont placés le lisié ou les déchets cellulosiques, dispositif caractérisé en ce que cet ensemble se compose d'une cuve dont la partie supérieure est obturée par une boche fixée par sa périphérie à la périphérie de la cuve. The device of the invention consists of a sealed, closed enclosure inside which the slurry or the cellulosic waste are placed, device characterized in that this assembly consists of a tank, the upper part of which is closed by a boche fixed by its periphery to the periphery of the tank.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la bâche présente, sur a face inférieure, un manchon se logeant dans la cuve, à proximité de sa paroi interne. According to another characteristic of the invention, the cover has, on a lower face, a sleeve which is housed in the tank, near its internal wall.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les déchets cellulosiques sont disposés à l'intérieur de la cuve dans des poches en filet. According to another characteristic of the invention, the cellulosic waste is disposed inside the tank in mesh pockets.

L'invention est représentée, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, sur l'unique dessin ci-joint qui est une vue en demicoupe du dispositif pour la production de méthane conforme à l'invention. The invention is shown, by way of nonlimiting example, in the single attached drawing which is a half-section view of the device for producing methane according to the invention.

La présente invention a en conséquence pour but la réalisation d'un dispositif pour la production de méthane ou digesteur qui constitue en même temps un gazomitre et qui permet donc de stocker les gaz, dont le méthane, résultant de la fermentation par bactéries anaérobies. The present invention therefore aims to achieve a device for the production of methane or digester which constitutes at the same time a gazomiter and which therefore makes it possible to store gases, including methane, resulting from fermentation by anaerobic bacteria.

Ce dispositif présente en outre l'avantage d'être d'un encombrement minimum, de permettre une surveillance visuelle de la quantité de gaz produite et de supprimer les risques d'explosion. This device also has the advantage of being compact, allowing visual monitoring of the quantity of gas produced and eliminating the risk of explosion.

Ce dispositif est également d'une mise en oeuvre simple et apporte des améliorations sensibles concernant les manipulations nécessaires à l'exploitation rationnelle d'un digesteur travaillant à partir de fumier ou de déchets du même type. This device is also simple to implement and provides significant improvements regarding the manipulations necessary for the rational operation of a digester working from manure or waste of the same type.

Ce dispositif se compose d'une cuve 1, de préférence en matière plastique qui est réalisée sous la forme d'une calotte sphérique convenablement nervurée en 2 afin de lui conférer une rigidité suffisante. This device consists of a tank 1, preferably made of plastic which is produced in the form of a spherical cap suitably ribbed at 2 in order to give it sufficient rigidity.

Cette cuve est enterrée afin de pouvoir maintenir sa température avec le minimum de dépense d'énergie, le digesteur profitant de la température régulière de la terre, de son isolation naturelle et permettant d'isoler des intempéries les flancs de la cuve. This tank is buried in order to be able to maintain its temperature with the minimum expenditure of energy, the digester taking advantage of the regular temperature of the earth, its natural insulation and making it possible to isolate from the weather the sides of the tank.

Cette disposition permettra donc de réduire au moindre coût le calorifugeage de la cuve. This arrangement will therefore reduce the insulation of the tank at the lowest cost.

La partie supérieure de cette cuve 1 est obturée par une bâche 9, réalisée en matériau étanche dont la périphérie est pourvue d'oeillets 31 à l'intérieur desquels est passé un cible 4 venant en prise sur des crochets 12 prévus sur la paroi externe de la cuve. The upper part of this tank 1 is closed by a tarpaulin 9, made of waterproof material, the periphery of which is provided with eyelets 31 inside which a target 4 has passed which engages on hooks 12 provided on the external wall of tank.

Cette disposition assure le maintien de la bâche sur l'ouverture de la cuve, l'étanchéité nécessaire étant obtenue par un manchon 5 fixé sur la face inférieure de la bâche et se prolongeant à l'intérieur de la cuve à proximité de la paroi interne-de cette dernière à un niveau inférieur à celui du niveau 6 du liquide de la cuve. This arrangement ensures that the cover remains on the opening of the tank, the necessary seal being obtained by a sleeve 5 fixed on the underside of the cover and extending inside the tank near the internal wall. -of the latter at a level lower than that of level 6 of the liquid in the tank.

Cette disposition permet d'obtenir un joint liquide, donc parfaitement étc1ie, tandis que la boche peut se gonfler au fur et à mesure de la production du gaz. Cette bâche étanche, fixée à la périphérie de la cuve, forme donc, en un seul dispositif, un digesteur-gasomètre dans lequel la quantité de gaz produite est-automatiquement visible d'après l'état de gonflement de la bichez
En outre, avec un tel dispositif, les risques d'explosion sont supprimés car, en cas d'incident, le matériau souple constituant la bâche 3 brdle ou se déchire.This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a liquid seal, therefore perfectly sealed, while the boche can swell as the gas is produced. This waterproof tarpaulin, fixed to the periphery of the tank, therefore forms, in a single device, a digester-gasometer in which the quantity of gas produced is automatically visible according to the state of swelling of the doe.
In addition, with such a device, the risk of explosion is eliminated because, in the event of an incident, the flexible material constituting the tarpaulin 3 burns or tears.

Le gaz résultant de la fermentation sera évacué du digesteur-gazomètre par une vanne 7 prévue par exemple dans la zone centrale de la poche 3.  The gas resulting from the fermentation will be evacuated from the digester-gasometer by a valve 7 provided for example in the central zone of the bag 3.

Afin de faciliter la manipulation des déchets et par exemple du fumier servant i la fermentation, ces déchets sont placés à l'intérieur de poches constituées de filet en matériau inattaquable par les bactéries, ces poches étant chargées ou déchargées de la cuve à l'aide d'un palan monté sur un portique à l'aide d'une grue ou à l'aide d'un tracteur équipé d'un chargeur. In order to facilitate the handling of the waste and for example of the manure used for fermentation, this waste is placed inside pockets made up of a net made of material unassailable by bacteria, these pockets being loaded or unloaded from the tank using a hoist mounted on a gantry crane or a tractor equipped with a loader.

Ces poches sont de préférence constituées par des surfaces planes de filet pourvues à leur périphérie de moyens d'accrochage tels que des oeillets de façon que ces oeillets puissent être réunis pour former une poche et suspendus aux crochets d'un palan pour autre introduites dans la cuve. These pockets are preferably constituted by planar net surfaces provided at their periphery with hooking means such as eyelets so that these eyelets can be joined to form a pocket and suspended from the hooks of a hoist for other introduced into the tank.

Initialement, les déchets pourront donc être déversés sur la surface de filet posée à plat sur le sol, puis ensuite, les oeillets sont réunis et accrochés sur le crochet d'un palan en vue du transfert de la poche à l'intérieur de la cuve. Initially, the waste can therefore be discharged onto the surface of the net laid flat on the ground, then thereafter, the eyelets are brought together and hung on the hook of a hoist for the transfer of the pocket inside the tank .

Avant cette opération, chaque poche pourra être fermée à proximité des oeillets à l'aide d'un liant, tandis qu'une cordelette de longueur suffisamment importante 10 sera également accrochée soit à la périphérie de la surface de filet, soit à l'un des oeillets 9, de manière que cette cordelette 10 puisse être passée sous le manchon 5 et sur le bord de la cuve 1 afin que l'extrémité 101 pende à l'extérieur de la cuve. Before this operation, each pocket can be closed near the eyelets with a binder, while a sufficiently long cord 10 will also be hung either on the periphery of the net surface, or on one eyelets 9, so that this cord 10 can be passed under the sleeve 5 and on the edge of the tank 1 so that the end 101 hangs outside the tank.

Ainsi, lorsqu'on désire procéder au déchargement de la cuve après avoir-enlevé la bâche 3, il suffit de tirer sur l'extrémité 101 de la cordelette 10 pour rapprocher les oeillets 9 du bord de la cuve où ils sont alors accrochés à un palan. Thus, when it is desired to unload the tank after having removed the sheet 3, it suffices to pull on the end 101 of the cord 10 to bring the eyelets 9 closer to the edge of the tank where they are then hung on a hoist.

La mise en oeuvre des filets permet donc des opérations de chargement et de déchargement rapides et en outre, lors d'une opération de déchargement, il est possible de laisser le purin s'écouler du fumier de chaque poche au travers des
mailles du filet, ces poches agissant alors comme filtres et permettant une réutilisation immédiate du purin sans baisse de température excessive.The implementation of the nets therefore allows rapid loading and unloading operations and in addition, during an unloading operation, it is possible to let the liquid manure flow from the manure from each pocket through the
mesh, these pockets then act as filters and allow immediate reuse of the liquid manure without excessive temperature drop.

La forme de calotte sphérique de la cuve 1 permet d'obtenir un volume maximum pour un encombrement minimum, mais en outre, cette forme sphérique de la cuve permet de tasser les poches l'une contre l'autre et donc de ne pas réduire la capacité de la cuve du fait de la disposition des déchets dans des poches en filet. The shape of the spherical cap of the tank 1 makes it possible to obtain a maximum volume for a minimum bulk, but in addition, this spherical shape of the tank makes it possible to pack the pockets against each other and therefore not to reduce the tank capacity due to the disposal of waste in mesh pockets.

également, la bâche 3 aura de préférence la forme d'une calotte de façon que, avant la montée en pression, elle repose directement sur le contenu de la cuve en empêchant ainsi, au début de la fermentation, de meler de l'air au premier mètre cube de gaz fourni. also, the sheet 3 will preferably have the shape of a cap so that, before the pressure builds up, it rests directly on the content of the tank, thus preventing, at the start of fermentation, from mixing air with the first cubic meter of gas supplied.

Pour assurer le calorifugeage de la partie supérieure de la cuve, une deuxième bâche (non représentée) pourra être placée au-dessus de la première, tandis qu'un matériau isolant, tel que de la paille, pourra être placé entre ces deux bâches qui seront de préférence de mêmes dimensions et de mêmes formes, afin de se déformer en même temps lors du gonflement résultant de la fermentation.  To insulate the upper part of the tank, a second sheet (not shown) may be placed above the first, while an insulating material, such as straw, may be placed between these two sheets which will preferably be of the same dimensions and the same shapes, in order to deform at the same time during the swelling resulting from the fermentation.

En outre, des moyens de chauffage, connus en euxmêmes pourront être prévus afin d'assurer une mise en température correcte du digesteur, tandis qu'un soufflage d'air pourra être réalisé à l'aide d'un tuyau 11 débouchant dans la partie inférieure de la cuve, afin de réaliser une préfermentation aérobie avant la fermeture du digesteur et afin de provoquer, dans certains cas, une élévation sensible de la température.  In addition, heating means, known in themselves, can be provided in order to ensure correct temperature setting of the digester, while air blowing can be carried out using a pipe 11 opening into the part bottom of the tank, in order to carry out an aerobic pre-fermentation before the digester is closed and in order to cause, in certain cases, a significant rise in temperature.

Claims (4)

REVENDICATIONS 10) Dispositif pour la production de méthane à partir de déchets cellulosiques se composant d'une enceinte fermée étanche à l'intérieur de laquelle sont placés le lisié ou les déchets cellulosiques, dispositif caractérisé en ce que cet ensemble se compose d'une cuve (1) dont la partie supérieure est obturée par une bâche (3) fixée par sa périphérie à la périphérie de la cuve. 10) Device for the production of methane from cellulosic waste consisting of a sealed sealed enclosure inside which the slurry or cellulosic waste is placed, device characterized in that this assembly consists of a tank ( 1) the upper part of which is closed by a cover (3) fixed by its periphery to the periphery of the tank. 20) Dispositif conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bâche (3) présente, sur sa face inférieure, un manchon (5) se logeant dans la cuve (1), à proximité de sa paroi interne. 20) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (3) has, on its underside, a sleeve (5) being housed in the tank (1), near its internal wall. a0) Dispositif conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bâche (3) est fixée par sa périphérie à la paroi interne de la cuve(1)àl aide de crochets (12). a0) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (3) is fixed by its periphery to the internal wall of the tank (1) using hooks (12). 40) Dispositif conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les déchets cellulosiques sont disposés à l'intérieur de la cuve (1) dans des poches (8)ièn en filet  40) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cellulosic waste is disposed inside the tank (1) in pockets (8) ièn in mesh 50) Dispositif conforme à la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les poches (8) en filet sont constituées chacune par une surface plane de matériau en filet pourvue à sa périphérie de moyens (9) susceptibles d'être reliés ensemble pour constituer la poche  50) Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the mesh pockets (8) each consist of a flat surface of mesh material provided at its periphery with means (9) capable of being connected together to constitute the pocket
FR8103320A 1981-02-19 1981-02-19 Digester to produce methane by fermenting organic waste - has top cover of flexible material which distends to store gas Pending FR2500007A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8103320A FR2500007A1 (en) 1981-02-19 1981-02-19 Digester to produce methane by fermenting organic waste - has top cover of flexible material which distends to store gas
MA19534A MA19330A1 (en) 1981-02-19 1981-11-13 DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METHANE FROM CELLULOSIC WASTE
FR8220315A FR2537158A2 (en) 1981-02-19 1982-12-03 Device for the production of methane from cellulose waste

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8103320A FR2500007A1 (en) 1981-02-19 1981-02-19 Digester to produce methane by fermenting organic waste - has top cover of flexible material which distends to store gas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2500007A1 true FR2500007A1 (en) 1982-08-20

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MA (1) MA19330A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4692249A (en) * 1986-09-23 1987-09-08 Gerard Hammel Flotation process for sludge recovery and energy conversion
DE19954904A1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-05-31 Xaver Lipp Agricultural gas generation silo has overhead gas membrane which may be detached from silo wall without prior discharge of silo contents
DE10354598A1 (en) * 2003-11-21 2005-06-23 Eisenmann Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Biogas cylindrical fermentation reactor has outer metal shell and dome lined by foil and retained by surrounding rings top and bottom
DE102005001783A1 (en) * 2005-01-14 2006-07-20 U.T.S. Umwelt-Technik-Süd GmbH Biogas plant solids feed device on a fermenter of a biogas plant
CN102851204A (en) * 2012-09-10 2013-01-02 罗晓晖 Connected and fixed film cover-screen garbage biogas system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4692249A (en) * 1986-09-23 1987-09-08 Gerard Hammel Flotation process for sludge recovery and energy conversion
DE19954904A1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-05-31 Xaver Lipp Agricultural gas generation silo has overhead gas membrane which may be detached from silo wall without prior discharge of silo contents
DE10354598A1 (en) * 2003-11-21 2005-06-23 Eisenmann Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Biogas cylindrical fermentation reactor has outer metal shell and dome lined by foil and retained by surrounding rings top and bottom
DE10354598B4 (en) * 2003-11-21 2007-04-05 Eisenmann Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg fermenter vessel
DE102005001783A1 (en) * 2005-01-14 2006-07-20 U.T.S. Umwelt-Technik-Süd GmbH Biogas plant solids feed device on a fermenter of a biogas plant
DE102005001783B4 (en) * 2005-01-14 2007-01-04 U.T.S. Umwelt-Technik-Süd GmbH Biogas plant solids feed device on a fermenter of a biogas plant
CN102851204A (en) * 2012-09-10 2013-01-02 罗晓晖 Connected and fixed film cover-screen garbage biogas system
CN102851204B (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-10-29 罗晓晖 Connected and fixed film cover-screen garbage biogas system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MA19330A1 (en) 1982-07-01

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