FR2491110A1 - THERMAL INSULATING PANEL DELAYING FIRE PROPAGATION - Google Patents

Abstract

THERMAL INSULATION PANEL CONTAINING APPROXIMATELY 50 TO 80 OF EXPANDED PERLITE, APPROXIMATELY 3 TO 30 CLAY, APPROXIMATELY 5 TO 30 FIBER NEWSPAPER, APPROXIMATELY 1 TO 6 BO, UP TO 25 OF INCOMBUSTIBLE FIBROUS MATERIAL , A BINDER AND A MATERIAL PROVIDING A WATER-REPELLENT CHARACTER, THIS PANEL BEING MANUFACTURED BY IMPLEMENTATION OF A CONTINUOUS PROCESS CONSISTING OF ELIMINATION OF A LIQUID VEHICLE FROM A SUSPENSION OF SOLID MATERIALS, LIQUIDS FROM THE BANT-DESPENSION COMPONENT IN A CONCENTRATION SUFFICIENT TO INCORPORATE APPROXIMATELY 1 TO 6 OF BO INTO THE PANEL AFTER DRYING.

Description

1 2491110

  The present invention relates to a spherical or almost spherical chamber or container, capable of providing protection against the effects of pressure and

  fragments produced inside the chamber by the explosion

  explosion, explosion or detonation of explosive substances. The container or the chamber according to the invention is therefore intended to protect the surroundings by carrying out in particularly a tight enclosure particularly delicate manufacturing operations involving the implementation

  explosive materials, for example. You can even use it

  use as an explosives storage device or as a protected laboratory for powder testing

and explosive materials.

  Armored concrete buildings have almost always been used for this purpose to date. In addition, we

  often placed them in the ground, and when this

  sition was not possible, we surrounded the entire installation with a protective wall, while keeping the delicate part of the installation as free as possible in order to minimize the damage caused by an explosion possible. Compared to these buildings

  armored known, the device according to the invention is charac-

  térise by its adaptable configuration and its relatively low weight. The room can therefore be used for security reasons, around one or more devices implementing delicate operations, included in an otherwise safe process, the location

  of the room in height to be determined by the cons-

  general construction of the treatment plant. Another advantage is that the room can be easily adapted

  so that it corresponds to different forces of ex-

  plosion, and it can be made with different dimensions

  because its configuration is such that it allows the calculation of its resistance to explosive forces at various

  values, and setting this resistance with a large

  precision through the use of mathematical models.

  Another advantage of the chamber according to the invention is that it is made in such a way that it can be entirely manufactured in the factory and then transported and assembled on site while it is completely finished. In this way, several different chambers can optionally be mounted above each other or at

side to side.

  The chamber according to the invention has a construction

  with three layers comprising a resistant envelope ex-

  dull, an intermediate layer intended to absorb shocks, and an internal layer of protection against splinters, in the form of an integrated internal concentric envelope

  to the outer shell. The outer envelope giving the re-

  mechanical strength and the internal splinter protection envelope are advantageously made of steel sheets, the dimensions of which are determined according to

  prescribed stresses, while the absorbent layer

  tion of shocks is formed of a material having entirely different qualities with regard to the transmission of mechanical vibrations, and it is for example a

  suitable plastic material. The implementation of the

  vention advantageously includes the use of models

  mathematics for calculating tensile strength

  tion of envelopes, individually and collectively.

  In this way, the invention allows the evaluation of the transmission of vibrations, created by an internal overpressure caused by an explosion, by the wall of the

  bedroom. This chamber is therefore such that the envelope

  dull provides protection against splinters, the outer casing allows the chamber to withstand the explosion

  or the increase in pressure caused by a detonation

  tion while the intermediate shock absorption layer must have dimensions such as vibrations

  created in the outer and inner envelopes are never

  but in phase and therefore cannot reach values

  critics. This characteristic therefore shows that the

  external and internal velocities cannot be connected by a metal bridge in such a way that the connection allows the transmission of critical vibrations in the envelopes. The invention also relates to the production of all the openings in the wall of the chamber, cooperating

  rant with doors or covers intended to close

  sea these openings, with a resistance at least equal to that of the walls of the chamber, the embodiment being such that the pattern of vibrations of the external envelope

  and the splinter protection is not disturbed.

  The doors therefore have a particular shape and, for this

  reason, they include specific information

  wall production and locking.

  The realization itself is such that there are no significant disturbances of the vibrational design

  between the outer and inner envelopes.

  Other features and advantages of the

  vention will emerge better from the description which follows

  vre made with reference to the accompanying drawings on which

  - Figure 1 is a section of a spherical chamber

  risk according to the invention; - Figures 2 and 3 are enlarged sections of the details circled II and III of Figure 1; - Figure 4 is a side elevation of the chamber according to the invention; - Figure 5 shows in enlarged and more detailed form of the parts of the door of the room with the adjacent part of the wall, all the door blocking locks, placed peripherally and identical

  to each other, not being shown in the figures

  Figures 4 and 5; and - Figure 6. is a section along the line

VI-VI of figure 5.

  The spherical chamber 1 represented in FIG. 1 comprises an external layer 2 of mechanical support, advantageously formed of steel, an internal layer 3 of protection against splinters, it also advantageously

  formed of sheet steel, and an intermediate layer 4 of ab-

  shock sorption, preferably formed from a plastic material

  suitable tick. An orifice 5, formed in the wall, is closed by a convex circular door 6, and an upper connection orifice 7 for connection leading to an outlet pipe 8 provided with a connection flange 9 is also

formed in the wall.

  As shown in more detail in Figure 2, the

  outlet pipe 8 is directly connected to the

  internal che 3. This layer is reinforced by a collar placed around the orifice 7. The external layer 2 is itself provided with a reinforcement collar 11 placed around the orifice 7. This collar is however not directly connected to the outlet pipe 8, but there is a very

low space or clearance 12 between them.

  Door 6 also has an outer layer

  13 of mechanical support, an internal layer 14 of protection

  splinter protection and an intermediate layer 15 of ab-

  shock absorption. The door is constructed in such a way that it is as strong from the mechanical point of view as the spherical chamber as a whole. Figure 3 shows how the door connects to the wall of the spherical chamber and Figures 5 and 6 show in more detail another embodiment. Figure 3 shows that the

  outer layer 13 of door 6 has glass hooks 16

  rust that cooperates with latch hooks 17

  lage arranged on the outer layer of the sphere just

  around the orifice 5. In the same way, the layer

  dull 14 splinter protection is connected to the corresponding layer 3 of the sphere by hooks 18 of locking which cooperates with hooks 19 of locking fixed to the layer of protection against splinters of the sphere. FIG. 3 also indicates that the edge which delimits the orifice 5 is fixed only to the layer 3 of protection against splinters of the sphere and that there remains a small space between this edge and the layer 2 of mechanical support . As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the door locking hooks are arranged peripherally around the orifice 5 and the hooks

  or locking grooves alternate with perforations

  putting the introduction of the hooks, on the door and the frame, with respect to each other; during locking, the door is then turned around its axis 21 which ensures its mounting on a hinged bracket 22 which can itself pivot relative to the external edge of the sphere on which it is mounted. The door rotation required for locking is equivalent to the width

  a locking hook or the width of an opening

  between two hooks. The example shown on

  figures 4 to 6 corresponds to a rotation of 100. The rotation

  tion is carried out using a lever 23 whose point of application is between two studs (24, 25) fixed

outside the sphere.

  The locking mechanism can be perfected

  tionnée as shown in Figures 5 and 6 in which the inner and outer layers of the door each have two rows 26, 27 or 28, 29 of locking hooks, offset from each other, the outer walls and internal of the chamber having an equivalent number of

  locking grooves 30 to 33. The grooves 30 and 31 intended

  born from the locking of the hooks 26, 27 of the protective layer of the door are formed on a frame 34 which is connected to the protective layer against splinters of the chamber, while the locking grooves 32, 33 intended to cooperate with hooks 28, 29 of

  the outer layer of the door form an ex-

  dull 35 which is itself connected to the outer layer

  from the wall of the room. Necklaces 36, 37 of reinforcement

  necessarily are arranged at the attachment points of the casings

  The security of the external and internal layers of the door relative to each other without mechanical phase vibrations appear between the two layers in the event of a significant increase in the pressure in the chamber, is obtained by fixing safety bolts 38 to one of the two layers, but without contact with an orifice provided for this purpose and formed in the other layer, these bolts being blocked by nuts 39 to

the outside of this other layer.

Claims (7)

  1. Spherical or substantially spherical chamber, intended to confine the pressure and the splinters produced by an explosion, a deflagration or a detonation of explosive substances, characterized in that it comprises an external envelope (2) constituting a mechanical support and having dimensions such that it can absorb the overpressure created, an internal envelope (3) having dimensions such that it can confine   and retain fragments thus formed, and a layer or envelope   intermediate shock absorbing lobe (4), formed with a material and dimensions such as the vibrations created in the external and internal envelopes as a result of the pressure increase in the chamber cannot be in phase and cannot reach critical values, the external and internal envelopes having no   connection that can force them to vibrate in phase.   2. Chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the external (2) and internal (3) envelopes are formed of steel, and the layer (4) absorbing the shocks   is made of a suitable plastic.   3. Chamber according to one of claims 1 and   2, characterized in that it comprises one or more orifices (5) intended to be closed each in a sealed manner by a door (6) which can be opened, the doors having dimensions such that they generally have a resistance mechanical having at least equal to that of the chamber and comprising an external envelope (13) of mechanical support, an internal protective layer (14)   against splinters, and an intermediate layer (15) of ab-   shock sorption, the outer casing and the protective layer against splinters of the door not having   connection capable of transmitting vibrations, the   outer door cover and protective layer   against splinters being locked on the even layer   valente of the chamber along the edges of the orifice of   the door when the door is closed.   4. Chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that the orifice or orifices formed in the wall of the chamber are circular, and the external envelope of mechanical support of the chamber on the one hand and the internal layer of protection against the flakes on the other hand have separate wall reinforcement devices (34,   36; 35, 37) along the edges of the orifice (5).   5. Chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that the reinforcing devices (34, 35) comprise a number of locking grooves (30, 31 and 32, 33) disposed peripherally along the edges of the orifices, and interrupted by openings for the passage of locking hooks (26-29) fixed to the outer or inner layer of the door, so that when the door (5) has pivoted into the working position from the open position or in the position opening from the working position, around an articulated support (22) outside the chamber, the hooks can penetrate into the locking grooves by being in engagement with these when the door is fully closed, or can come out of the locking grooves, when the door rotates about its axis (21) which is mounted on an articulated support so that the door can rotate. 6. Chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that the external and internal layers are each locked on the equivalent layer of the chamber by a double row of locking hooks (26-29), these hooks being offset laterally and peripherally,   the external locking hooks (28, 29) being provided   placed peripherally outwards with respect to the internal locking hooks (26, 27), the grooves   (30, 33) of locking intended for each set of cro-   locking chets being offset equally slow.   7. Chamber according to any one of the claims   previous, characterized in that the door to the room   opens under the control of a lever mounted on it (23).